Zevachim: In the Torah and the Mishnah

Baruch Hashem, in the last three days, we started a new masechta, maseches Menachos, which immediately followed the previous masechta that we learned, and that is maseches Zevachim. So, the first two masechtas of Seder Kodashim are Zevachim and Menachos. There's a lot of other masechtas that are coming up, but the first two are Zevachim and Menachos. The primary topic of Zevachim are all the Zevachim, all the korbanos that were live animals. The olah, the chatas, the asham, the shlamim, the bechor, ma'aser, and Pesach, the todah, all the types of asham, all the types of chatas, etc., etc. What's the topic of maseches Menachos? It's the other korban that's not a ba'alei chayim, and that is the korban mincha. It's called Menachos because there are many different types of korbanos mincha. So, Zevachim deals with all the live animals, korbanos. Menachos deals with the korbanos that came from carbs, right? It deals with the korbanos mincha. The Rambam in perek aleph of Hilchos Ma'aser Korbanos, so from halacha aleph on, starts kidarki bakodesh in a very systematic, clear way, delineates all the different types of korbanos. There's an olah, there's a chatas, there's an asham, there's a shlamim. The Rambam goes through every single korban. And then he comes to halacha yud zayin. He says, "Kol hakorbanos elu nikra'in zevachim." He says, "All these korbanos that I just mentioned, which is the entire litany of korbanos, with the exception of the mincha, all of these are what we know as zevachim." The Rambam says this as well, almost verbatim, in his hakdamah to Seder Kodashim in his Pirush Hamishnayos. So, the Rambam wrote a hakdamah to Seder Kodashim, and towards the end of the hakdamah, the Rambam says as follows. So, here too, he lists all the korbanos, goes into great detail mentioning every single korban that you can possibly bring. And he says, "Zeh hu klal kol hakorbanos hamakrivin ba'alei chayim, shenoyegim ba'aledorus kashershevanu Hashem. I just gave you the entirety of all the korbanos that were ever brought from ba'alei chayim, deheim nikra'in besheim echad kolel, and they're all referred to by one shem kolel, and what is that? For who? Zevach. So, you want to know what Zevachim is? It's all the korbanos that were brought from ba'alei chayim. Menachos is the one that's not brought from the ba'alei chayim, and that is the korban mincha." The Mabit in his Sefer Kiryas Sefer on the Rambam, perek aleph halacha yud zayin in Hilchos Ma'aser Korbanos, says as follows. He says, "The Rambam says, 'Kol hakorbanos elu nikra'in zevachim,' that all these korbanos are called zevachim. Nireh, delo ikra'u kol hakorbanos zevachim ela belashon chachamim, that this that the Rambam said that all these korbanos are called zevachim, he meant belashon chachamim, that when the chachamim use the term zevachim, it means all the korbanos. Kidai detzna, kol hazvechim sheyizbechu lishmei shelamim chareidim, additionally, zeh hu mekayem shel zevachim, and then we list out all the different zevachim. Aval belashon Torah," says the Mabit, "lo ikra'u zevachim ela hashelamim." He says, "Belashon haTorah, the word zevachim always is referring specifically to the korban shlamim." The Tosafos Yom Tov in his first comment on maseches Zevachim, he also quotes the Rambam. Now, Tosafos Yom Tov doesn't quote the Rambam in Yad Chazakah. Tosafos Yom Tov quotes the Rambam in his Pirush Hamishnayos. The Kiryas Sefer wrote a Sefer on Yad Chazakah. So, when he's making his comment, he's making it on the Rambam's comment, which is perek aleph halacha yud zayin in Hilchos Ma'aser Korbanos. Tosafos Yom Tov is a Pirush Hamishnayos, so he was learning Mishnayos, and he saw what the Rambam wrote in his Pirush Hamishnayos, and that is quote, "Kol shem that what is zevachim mean? Shem kolel kol hakorbanos hamakrivin miba'alei chayim shenoyegim ba'aledorus kashershevanu Hashem. Kach kasav haRambam besof hakdamah lemaseches zo." Says the Tosafos Yom Tov, "Af al pi shelashon zevicha lo ne'emar bakasuv, even though the Rambam said that the word zevachim is kolel all the korbanos, however, you should know that the lashon zevicha bakasuv, when you find it in the Torah, it's ela beshlamim va'olos." It means only shlamim and olos. So, this is a very similar comment to what Mabit said. The Mabit said that "Kol hakorbanos elu nikra'in zevachim. Nireh, delo ikra'u kol hakorbanos zevachim ela belashon chachamim. Aval belashon Torah," I'm skipping, "lo ikra'u zevachim ela hashelamim." Tosafos Yom Tov makes almost the identical comment. Again, the Kiryas Sefer in Yad Chazakah, Tosafos Yom Tov Pirush Hamishnayos, but it's almost the identical comment. "Af al pi shelashon zevicha lo ne'emar bakasuv, ela beshlamim va'olos." And says the Mabit, "That you want to know the Or says the Tosafos Yom Tov, that you want to know the makor, that belashon haTorah, you find zevachim only with regards to the olah and the shlamim. Take a look at the Even Ezra at the very, very end of Parshas Yisro." So, what's this Even Ezra in the end of Parshas Yisro? The Even Ezra brings as follows. He brings that he had a conversation with a min. So, we know min is code for mitalmidei Yeshua Hanotzri. So, the Even Ezra had this conversation with a Notzri. He says, "Ra'isi min echad, I saw one min, yishtachak u'atzmo Yosef, shetan al hachachamim. Yetain uzan lachacham, ba'avur she'amru ki hachachamim said, 'Zeh hu mekayem shel zevachim,' and it's mashma that according to hachachamim, the word zevach is kolel all the different korbanos. Ki yomar, he said, 'Ki lo matzisa bakol haTorah zevicha ki im shlamim.' He said that he didn't find the word zevicha reference in the Torah with the exception of the shlamim. Right? You only find it by the shlamim. And if that's the case, he said, 'How could the chachamim say zeh hu mekayem shel zevachim?' You only find it by the shlamim." Now, just to bring out what this min was taining. And really, just go through piskei haTorah, you'll see that the terms zevicha, zevach is always mentioned in reference to the korban shlamim. But exhibit A for this is right in the beginning of Parshas Vayikra. The Torah says, "Im olah korbanai, im mincha korbanai, chatas, and then it says, 'V'im zevach shlamim korbanai.'" So, right out of the gate, right? Perek gimmel pasuk aleph, when the Torah introduces the shlamim, the Torah refers to it as the zevach shlamim. But either way, so the min tained it that the chachamim got it wrong. He was mamesh mocking the chachamim, that they understood that the word zevachim means kol hakorbanos. You see clearly that it's always the shlamim. Read scripture, and you're going to know it's only referring to the shlamim. Says the Even Ezra that this min is a fool. You know why? Because with all his chachmas and Torah sheb'al peh, he forgot a pasuk in the Torah. It says in the end of Parshas Yisro, "Mizbach adama ta'aseh li, v'zavachta alav es olosai'cha, es shlamai'cha." Says meforesh, "V'zavachta alav es olosai'cha." And being that it says "V'zavachta alav es olosai'cha," so it's clear, it's clear that you can find the word zevicha even regarding a korban olah, not only regarding a korban shlamim. So, says the Tosafos Yom Tov again, that the Rambam said that the word zevachim is a shem kolel kol hakorbanos. Says the Tosafos Yom Tov, "That's only true when it comes to lashon chachamim, but when it comes to Torah sheb'al peh, when it comes to Torah sheb'al peh, over there it's only the shlamim and the olah. It's only the shlamim and the olah." And says the Tosafos Yom Tov that even though the Even Ezra himself in that shtickel told the min that you're making chizuk of the chachamim, that the chachamim treat zevachim as a shem kolel for all the korbanos, in the Torah it's only the shlamim, he said, "What do you mean? It's a pasuk in the Torah, 'V'zavachta alav es olosai'cha.' You find it by the olos as well." But even the Even Ezra was only able to find the makor, says the Tosafos Yom Tov, for the olah. He wasn't able to find it for the chatas, and he wasn't able to find it for the asham. And it's for that reason you're muchrach to say that lashon chachamim lechud and lashon hakasuv lechud, that is the Tosafos Yom Tov's comment on the Rambam. So, again, the Rambam in perek aleph halacha yud zayin in Hilchos Ma'aser Korbanos, and the Rambam in the end of his hakdamah to Pirush Hamishnayos on Seder Kodashim, right before the first Mishnah of maseches Zevachim, made the same comment, that when you find the lashon of zevachim in Shas, you should know it means all the korbanos that were brought from ba'alei chayim. The Mabit in his Kiryas Sefer, perek aleph halacha yud zayin in Hilchos Ma'aser Korbanos, made a comment. What was his comment? It's true only in lashon haMishnah, lashon chachamim. It's not true in lashon haTorah, because lashon haTorah, whenever you find the word zevachim, what it means is a shlamim. The Tosafos Yom Tov made a very similar comment. He made it in Pirush Hamishnayos. His comment was that it's true only belashon chachamim, lashon haMishnah. It's not true when it comes to lashon hakasuv, because by lashon hakasuv, it's only the shlamim and the olah. Ayin Even Ezra in the end of Parshas Yisro. Now, the truth is, the Mabit is mamesh a pal. You can't even give the credit to this Mabit. The Mabit is mamesh making the argument that the min made to the Even Ezra in the end of Parshas Yisro. So, mitzvah lehashiv demabit, because just like the min forgot that pasuk, I mean, lehavdil elef alfei avdalos, the Rebbe revolvers Palmer Toyotas Nissan Sentra, it sounds a little bit like the The Mabit is almost making the same ta'anah. So, obviously, mitzvah lehashiv, you have to be meyashev this Mabit. But the Tosafos and the Mabit are both coming to the same maskanah, that you have to say lashon hakasuv lechud and lashon chachamim lechud. But the truth is, that if you take a step back and learn that Even Ezra for a second, Even Ezra's really a little bit of a shver in Even Ezra as well, because the min was taining that the chachamim got it wrong. They treat zevachim to mean all korbanos, in the psukim it's not, it's meforesh not the way. You always find the word zevach by a shlamim. Nu, Even Ezra said he's a fool. He forgot a pasuk in the Torah. He forgot about the olah. Okay, so it's the shlamim and the olah, but it's still not the chatas, it's still not the asham. The Even Ezra's still a little bit shver because bishlam im had Even Ezra said what the Mabit's saying and what the Tosafos Yom Tov are saying, "Lashon chachamim lechud and lashon hakasuv lechud." Okay, then you don't even have to find the pasuk and partials yes, right? Then you just knock them in out. But, if you're already going into the blood with this men, and you're having a a fight over scripture, well, at the end of the day, at the end of the day, all you found it was by the shalom and the oil. You still didn't find it by the and the asham. It's a little bit still in the other shin. But, I'll tell you a orange flaw that I found in the safe of Mishnah Levi. And this is in the Zevachim, it's base. It's something that he brings from his uncle Chechik. The and the Mishnah he said such a half a go hard. He says that the and the the bait, they were all struggling a little bit. Where do you find this Indian that Zevachim should be referred to all carbonas? You find them in the Torah countless times by the shalom. And has his one matter of mocking that you find it by the as well. But, you certainly don't find it by the asham. You certainly don't find it by the asham. Said Chechik, he said, "I'm going to tell you where you find it the carbonas." Such a beautiful heart. No one ever thought of this. There were two bases. There was the oil. And there was the base of tires. The oil was also known as the and the ashes. It was also known as the and that was the big with the ramp where all the carbonas were brought. There was another base of tires. That base was also known as the asham. This was made of gold. It was also known as the because it was inside the What was brought on that The was brought on the But, it was called the Why was it called the asham? What is the word mean? What's the of the word asham? Zevach. It's the of The Torah refers to the as tires as a free Chechik. In what way is it a They brought the tires. The tires is not a carbon. Is it a zevach? So, in what way is it a zevach? Muslim It's because there was a time where there was some carbon that went on the asham. What was that? The previous. It was the only time. The of the previous used to go on that So, the reason the asham got the name What makes it a asham? There was no going on over there. There was no proper The Torah says they took from certain zevach. The which is the and they would put it on this structure. Hence, it gets known as a of which zevach did they take? One and only one carbon the So, said Chechik that this is to myself is tiny. Where do you find that these carbon Why was it called the Would you like to explain that to me? It's not going to have a good answer. It's checkmate. The name of tires is the that even a could be a zevach. Okay, so we just What about the asham? Right? We're getting somewhere. What about the asham? So, for that was saying a from the I don't think we ever mentioned this And this is in two places. It's in Nasso and we never even mentioned it in In Nasso, so the Torah goes through all the carbonas that the used to bring, right? We know this. All the all the all the all the all the all the all the all the all the all the all the Indian and we say it again and again and again and again and again we can all say it in our sleep, right? So, the whole suite of carbonas that the used to bring. The makes an observation. The says who is the The with all the different carbonas you can bring. Every last thing that you would ever bring in the They went ahead and brought. Okay, men and tires the oil the asham. So, the asham and the asham. The fact that they brought a tires and a was really a very moment of because it's not something that's ever a asham. The color carbonas not so okay. The asham and the asham because if you make a asham single carbon that asham would ever bring they would bring. Says the there's one problem. There was one carbon that wasn't brought. You know which carbon wasn't brought? The asham. There was no asham. Go through the in your head. There was no asham that was brought. So, if there was no asham that was brought, what about the asham? And for the asham and the asham is not fair. Because the asham and the asham double the same asham. The Torah The asham and the asham are literally the same thing. They're double They're same and the Torah It's one Indian. The other place the says this is by the where tells He says I am a The asham I am a The asham I am He tells him bring animals and he says that they should be asham. What does it mean they should be asham? The brings an asham. He brings He brings different what asham is. But, says I'm going to tell you what I think asham is. Asham is three animals. The asham carbonas And the reason three says the is because there's three types of animals that were brought as carbonas. Three carbonas the asham and the asham. Asham and asham and you forgot one. What about the asham? The asham because the asham is like the asham in the name of asham. The only between the asham and the asham in the name of asham and asham. Truth is, this is very because you don't I mean today's asham and asham asham By the asham you have By the asham it's right? Just some things that came up in today's So, we know the asham and the asham really are very very different. But, this is what the says. The says that as it relates to understanding the relationship between the asham and the asham you have to know the asham and the asham double the same and the Torah asham. So, Chechik that the is in the Torah it doesn't sound like zevach means all the carbonas. It means only the asham. And even was able to find a But, what about the asham? What about the asham? So, you want to know where you find that the asham is considered a zevach? The asham. What zevach was brought on it? Only the of the previous. Must be it's considered a zevach. What about the asham? For that you have the The says it's double the same and the Torah And if the word zevach passes for the asham it's possible based on this it would pass for the asham as well. And if that's the case, you don't have to say what the said. And you don't have to say what the said. And that is and lotion because you have in the lotion as well that it could be that the word zevach is not only true for asham and not only true for but it would be true for carbonas as well. Just to end with one last says that easy He found afterwards that really this from the fact that why was the asham called the asham? There was no done over there. The was brought over there. So, in what way was it called the a zevach? This the asks. It's by It's Just read the opening lines. This is I'm already said. It says the asham was the tires There was a tires that was made. This was This is a that requires to said Begin the train because there were two bases. The oil and the tires. And the tires. One of the oil was outside but and the tires was inside. Now, the of the tires. That tires the which was inside and Why was it called the asham? There was no There was no carbonas being brought over there. The oil and the carbonas being brought over there. The oil and the asham. back to it. Possible the word comes from And if that's the case, in what way is the called the asham? I will say Begin. I'm going to tell you the reason is the bottle of the the the because the was so potent. It was so powerful that when the would bring the he had the ability to be so many And so many of the was from the Begin and being that the tires the got slaughtered. The It doesn't have the ability to be silent. The And it doesn't have the ability to be the old The asham. You want to know why it's called the asham? It's true there's no There's no that's being done at the But, when the brought the he was being He was making a in the noise. Which the the bad And he's slaughtering all these terrible We know the power of the The is a school The is an Indian where if there's a right? This is the the way that the was to when he was to And the way it works is with a It works with a So, says the It's a This is a You have to be You have to be Why would the be referred to as a The Torah says not because of any that's happening but it's because of a that's happening in the under because it's being of all the school is, all the carbon that coming from the that's Alpinister, Alpinigla, Alpinigla is because of the premium and maybe that's also called this interesting question. Why would the even be referred to as we have a we're going to stop here.