Transcript
Auto-generated transcript. Not time-synced to the video.
[Music]
okay hi everybody Shalom and good to
have you and the sh is dedicated for the
following praying for victory of our
soldiers in Gaza Lebanon Syria uh for
the lasting Unity of am Israel and for
all of those whose Health has been
affected by the war Rua for Bor Ben feda
Alat for Shalom Ben
f y k Ben alzar uh the grandfather of
ysep khi friend of mine ruen Ben
y Aon Ben who is tonight toana Ben danil
and B Miriam and tonight's class is
dedicated again L nishmas Rabbi and Mrs
Philip finlin by their children ephra
and Naomi felstein again a major major
influence in in my life and finally
lives of many others and finally a
special dedication the jakovic F
siblings are sponsoring the shear in
honor of their parents Shimon and Shaina
jakovic kovic their wedding anniversary
a new great grandchild they should have
continued
in
gratitude for weekly inspiring words of
Torah I just I always read what's in
front of me okay uh finishing touches
are being made for the new Yan Community
Center as I said a few moments ago I was
Z to see it this morning it is really
really fantastic it'll be a beautiful
beautiful place a special thanks to a
few generous donors we were able to
start the
renovations uh because of that help
please consider various ways to help
complete the work as a special
dedication list is on the Ebon website
and general contributions can be made
directly for this project using the link
in the YouTube you YouTube description
box and on the website again as I say
it's a wonderful wonderful opportunity
and uh will be a major mom of uh our
basas Torah and AAS Hashem here in the
in the neighborhood and because it's
right next door to a good bagel shop you
can get something to eat before or even
I don't know how late they're over but
even after this year maybe as as well so
as say if there's no flow there's no
Torah this is K and Torah so uh as just
AEM uh we are entering Kaneka tomorrow
night will be Kaneka uh a little
strangely it corresponds with a big Goa
holiday that's going on we don't pay
that much attention to it but we're
going to focus on Kaneka and I want to
continue a little bit uh our discussion
uh we were discussing last week I'm not
going
to elaborate on that too much that um
the ER Isel for over a hundred years was
being like a football between the Tomic
Dynasty uh which was located in Egypt
North Africa and the salusa dynasty
which had Syria and turkey and thereo
was going back and forth back and forth
back and forth uh there were Wars these
are called both of them are called Greek
because both are successors to
helenistic culture of Alexander
Alexander of
Macedonia uh and uh that's why we talk
about them as Greek even though anoas
didn't come from Greece the particular
start of the Kaneka Story begins with a
predecessor of the big bad antias and
that was his father known as antias III
antias the third is actually called in
history antias the great he actually was
a very successful military person and he
succeeded in a major major war against
the toic Dynasty in Egypt and he
conquered ER Israel he rested ER Israel
and the Jewish population from Tomy now
that alone did not create any
persecution because the truth of the
matter is uh you know the toic dynasty
were helist and the salusa dynasty were
helist so so it almost made no
difference where the Jews were so
Antiochus III was like any other ruler
pushing assimilation pushing heniz but
there wasn't any particular coercion
what happens then is antias the third
dies and is succeeded by his son antios
IV antios IV is if I can say it AR
antios he is the villain of the Kaneka
story uh he is known historically he
gave himself the name antios
epifanis which kind of means antios the
Divine or the
Magnificent behind his back his own
people changed a a a letter instead of
calling him anti epis anti the Divine he
became known as antias EP Manus which
means in Greek antios the insane his own
people considered him to be crazy and he
was
mades a new way of expressing hatred
towards the Jewish people that actually
was unique he was the first king to make
direct decrees against the practice of
the
Torah now this may sound very surprising
to you because we had all sorts of bad
guys before him but it's interesting
let's
take destroyed the bikes yeah obviously
exiled the Jewish people that's are
murdered tens of thousands maybe
hundreds of thousands of Jews but this
was actually political this was egotism
this was power this was control nzar
didn't care as long as you paid your
taxes and as long as you honored him you
know you could learn Torah keep chabas
he really didn't care one way or the
other same thing with pyro pyro enslaved
us persecuted us pyro didn't care what
you were doing in the privacy of your
home the first king at least the first
non-jewish king we may have had some we
may have had some Jewish kings that
tried to deliberately extinguish Torah
for example it's interesting we see that
from the Jewish Kings but the first
non-jewish king who deliberately
targeted the practices of Judaism was
antias hon didn't do that right hamon
didn't care from not from hon was like
Hitler but antios did Target it Target
the practices of Judaism chabas and
kashus and
rodes and there were even rules that a
woman on her wedding night first had to
have relations with a Greek
official and they weren't allowed to go
to the Mikvah all sorts of different
stories of different types of
persecution now what was antiochus's
agenda so antiochus's agenda apparently
was he wanted to speed up a process of
assimilation and hellenization that was
happening anyway meaning from the time
of
Alexander L Sanu more and more Jews were
intermarrying more and more Jews were
similar ating more and more Jews were
abandoning the Torah just like we see
today and antias didn't have to
accelerate the process but he wanted to
make it quick because there were still a
few hold outs so he made all sorts of
persecutions in which people who kept
Mitzvah if they were found they would be
killed and there were many many
instances of Jews who died Al Hashem
rather than give in but I do want to
point out the very sad reality
that a majority of the Jewish
people were not keeping the Torah at
this point meaning to say whether it's
because of the acceler the assimilation
that occurred before antias I 4 or
whether would be it was because of the
gazer of
anti more and more Jews were
abandoning the
m so what you have is you have a small
group of
people and and the spiritual leader of
the Rebellion against the yanim was a
very very elderly person who died before
the Kaneka story and that is Mattis
yo and
Mattis gathered his five
sons and he said we have to fight this
we have to stand up we have to establish
the privacy of Torah in the Jewish
people and they eventually assembled an
army now let's look at at the Alan for a
moment the Alan is the
prayer that we recite on khah in Bening
and
Inon so the story of Kana
occurred in the days of M the son of
Y the Kain
God so first of well I hope you can see
right off the bat that there's a certain
ambiguity in Hebrew if the word Cohen G
is going back on Mao that Mato was the
Coen or was his father yanan the
Coen and the many mam say that there is
no record that maio was ever
coo he was a great great Sonic but he
happened not to have that
position so Bashas
gal is referring to his father Yan and
here we do have throughout k a number of
references to
yanan Coal but but again it's still very
confusing because there are several
different people that are called yanan
Coen but there is at least one y in
Coen that's a very fascinating figure
and a very tragic
figure mentioned
a who served as a Coen godd for 80
years as a righteous person so he must
have
been over 100 because you know whatever
it would be but 80 years as a
Coen and then he became a
saicy he denied tal and essentially his
cultural uh his cultural Focus was
Hellenism now there's a huge M most
opinions actually say that this y anden
was a descendant of maio not his father
but there is a minority of view that
actually says y was none other
than maio's
father now if you learn that way I hope
you can see the poignancy here why was
this aged
Mao so adamant we got to fight this we
have to uproot
this because he saw the
tragedy in his own
father his father was a sadic his father
was righteous but he got caught up in
this fever or this cancer or whatever
you want to call
it and it destroyed
him and maio saw that if even the sadim
of
clra could be
destroyed we have to be willing to risk
Our
Lives to to stand up for
Hashem stand up for the Torah so that's
the but then it goes further and
says so first of all let me point out a
very interesting thing that that people
don't don't realize there is
a that actually reads in the days of
according to
that is another person meaning Al is
actually describing two different
leaders of the revolt against yavan one
was a man called
M and the other was a man
called right the
gear indeed there are some M andaz that
actually say there was a man
called but most if you look in standard
translations there's no V so most
understand that is a
modifier of M that m is called
the so why is that so what does Kash
mean what what what does mean as a word
so there are a few different
interpretations some focus on a word
inim called
Asim are
nobility fact if you if you
remember the memory might be fading but
then tomorrow night you'll be singing it
again so Mo in the stanza
about says
uh the Greeks came against
me in the days
of so instead of
and that is a word that appears into and
it means nobility
so is a Corruption of that word so it
means Noble great that's
one other
of is that in saer
yahushua one of the cities of the levim
was called
kashon
orona so kashai refers to the ancestral
place of origin they were in modan but
but but originally they came from Kon so
that's the second interpretation the
third is offered by Josephus Josephus
actually
says was
M great grandfather and that became the
family name meaning M's father was yanan
but if you go back a few more
Generations okay now M died very very m
died before there was an active campaign
but basically his sons organized a
makeshift
Army which led a series of what you
might call Guerilla
Warfare against the Greeks now this was
quite quite amazing because here's what
you have to
remember number one the Greek army under
antias was the most powerful military
force in the world at the time Rome was
not
yet as significant as it later later
became the Jewish Army was untrained the
Jewish Army was
unarmed they did not have adequate
supplies they did not have uh all that
they needed and not only that this is
critical a majority of the Jewish people
did not support this
Revolt a majority of the Jewish people
looked at them as religious Fanatics a
majority of the Jewish people were happy
with Greek culture
in fact in some perverted way you can
even look at antias as a civil
libertarian Antiochus was not
anti-semitic antia said to the Jewish
people you can be anything you want just
get rid of your
Torah again unlike H unlike hman hon is
like Hitler Hitler didn't care from not
from you could be a Jew converted to
Christianity and you D in the
concentration camps antias is exactly
the opposite the only thing antias cared
about
was to take Jews away from Torah and if
you abandon the Torah you're
fine so here's the thing you have this
Army which is small
untrained and they don't even have the
support of their own
Nation but they persevered now from a
secular standpoint this is quite
remarkable and I understand that during
the Vietnam
war where the United States was facing
you know Guerilla Warfare from a small
rag tag collection of rice Patty
farmers and it turned out that the rice
Patty Farmers with the funny hats won
essentially United States never declared
that but but you know basically they had
to withdraw without accomplishing what
they wanted to
accomplish so West Point looked to the
book of the macbes to kind of understand
military strategies as it were now at
some point what antias did
was as he's fighting he enters the Bas
he I mean his army enters the basa
mikdash he desecrates the temple and by
desecration I mean real real
desecration houses of prostitution were
built in the basam Mikes
itself altars were erected and statues
were erected to aod Zora in the Bas of M
itself Kaz
pigs were sacrificed on the
Altar and according to the book of the
mbes and I'll talk about this what the
book of the macbes is in a moment theim
entered the
bikash on the 25th of K the day that
later became
khaka they desecrated it on the 25th of
klave and they were in possession of the
mikdash for three full years it's
fascinating that we were able to enter
the mkes on the 25th of
klave three years
later according to the book of the
mccabes that was in the year Well we
convert it to Modern 265 BC obviously
look back didn't know BC but 265
BCE right uh the Ian entered the mcdash
26 8
BCE we gained control of the mikdash 265
BCE on the 25th of KL and then the khaka
story
unfolding now let me just again a point
of definition what is the difference
between the
term and the term
maim maab
ammonian what is the difference so
putting aside the opinion that Kash was
literally another person that's one
thing but if you look at it in terms of
a term from mat's
family was the family designation of M
soash can only be used for
M his
sons and their descendants so the
monarchy that was established at the end
of the Kaneka story was the malus of
the Mak
was originally a term that was only
given to one of Mao's Sons the famous
Yehuda
hakabe and then it got extended to the
whole Army so the revolt against antias
is called the Maan
Revolt okay so makabe in this sense is
not a Health Service uh nor is it an AC
capella Choir in the University uh so
what does makab actually mean so there's
a makus what makabi
means some say that makabi is spelled
with a K A
K and uh the word maket means
hammer and it's a reference to udah
makabi who had was a tremendously
powerful Warrior others say makabi is
spelled with
a and with
a it uh is an acronym it's an
abbreviation
who is like you God this is in and it
says that the abbreviation Mak was the
banner they went into battle knowing
that
is the actually suggests another
derivation that makab with a
is
benan M the Coen son of yan now you
might ask me we I've been talking about
saer hak the book of the mbes let me
explain what the book of the mbes is the
book of the mbes is not tanak because by
the time the khaka story happened the
period of Prophecy is over so there are
no no no new books of n but it's in what
is called the
Apocrypha which is called the Jew the
Hebrew name for it is the excluded
books uh but it was written very shortly
after the events of this war we don't
know who wrote it but it is an account
and the rim consider it a reliable
account and it goes through antias
gazerro and it goes through battle by
battle by battle if you like military
history it gives you more detail than um
most people might be interested in but
it really go that's why West Point West
Point was not reading it for the
spiritual messages they were reading it
for the military strategies Etc this is
safe for Hakim so you might ask me a
question why is there a
makus if makab is with a k or makab is
with a how is it spelled in
seabim whatever it says there is what it
was the answer is we do not have the
original book of makim in Hebrew now we
don't know either it was not written in
Hebrew originally or the Hebrew was lost
we only have the book of the macbes in
Greek now there are of course Hebrew
versions of the book of the mccabes but
they are translations from the Greek
they are not an original in Greek the
word makabe you don't really know what
it means in Hebrew so as a result you
don't know and that's why we have a a
mlus it is fascinating a little
counterintuitive in a sense that if the
macabe Revolt is against
yavan why would the book of the macbes
be written in Greek but maybe that's the
point maybe that was the K ofok idea
that maybe the notion was that after we
achieve this great glorious victory for
Hashem we want our assimilated Brethren
to also come back to Hashem so we write
a book in Greek to bring them to bring
them back now in truth some some people
call the book of makabe sa forab sa for
you'll see two titles but but it's it's
it's real title is saer makim and what's
interesting is in the Apocrypha there's
four just like we have M there's Mak Mak
makim
Mak there are four books of the makab
but in truth mbes three and
four uh are not about khaka at all I
mean they're they're about philosophical
discussion so really I I don't even know
why there were called books of the
macbes but what's relevant to us is
makim Al and makim B which has a lot of
overlapping history but I want to point
out an interesting
nuda and that is if you read both mbes 1
and mbes 2 and we ask a very simple
question why is there a holiday called
Kaneka what is Kaneka
commemorating what is the reason why are
sages enacted
Aug so most people instinctively say oh
well there was this miracle that we
found a jar of
oil and it only had enough oil for one
day and it lasted for eight days so
that's why we have an 8- Day Festival
that is not what the book of makab says
the book of Mame says that when we
finally entered the BAM
mikash after 3
years and we were able to dedicate it
purify it consecrate it we instituted an
8 day dedication
ceremony and of course that's what the
word khuk means dedic
ceremony
corresponding to the 8 day dedication
ceremony of the
mishkan in the time of mosha Raben
so sa Al says the eight days of
Kana
ISAT Hab it the dedication of the temple
so I just want to add a little by the
way the moral says the moral who did not
read does not have access to the book of
babes says the same thing on his own
Mahal of PR with m to the book of the
mabes so I just want to add the
following
H it is true that the dedication of the
Mish was an 8 day
dedication but when schl built the first
B
mikdash the dedication was 14 days the
book of MIM says that so why when the
makes dedicate the B mikdash the second
temple why did they do it eight days
instead of 14 days or even maybe
longer again why was it 14 days well
that's I don't know I mean wanted wanted
it to be two weeks to have two complete
weeks of dedication including y KRA by
the way because the the dedication
concluded on andal tell us that year
they ate Kipper because they were
celebrating the dedication of the B so
here's what I want to add a little bit
there's a
medish that says an interesting idea
that when the Jewish people began
constructing the mishun after yum
Kipper they were actually finished in
the month of
KL and they could have dedicated the
mishkan in K life but Hashem wanted to
defer dedication of the mishkan until
the month of Nissan which is when it was
dedicated because that
was that was the birth of Etc so as the
MIM often say the month of kle was very
upset that it lost the chance to be the
month of
dedication so Hashem promised the month
of klave there will be a future
Dedication that you will get
in times of Kaneka so now it's very
beautiful it turns out the dedication of
kle was a makeup for KL missing the
dedication of the mishkin that's why the
number of days of that dedication is
going to be eight days rather than 14
days because it corresponds to the
Michigan now with sa for a makabe you
actually have a wonderful wonderful
answer to the most famous
question of Kaneka famous question
everybody knows this question this is
known as the question of the Bas yfe
although earlier people do ask him that
is why is Kaneka 8 days if there was
enough oil for one day and a miracle
happened and it burned for eight days so
the miracle is only seven days it's not
eight days again the number of answers
to this question literally grow every
year uh when I was in yiva I think
people said oh there are 50 answers to
this question uh a few years ago a safer
came out with 500 answers uh to this
question now I saw a safer that has
1,000 answers to this question talk
about answer inflation now to be fair
you know a lot of what people are
calling different answers are not really
different answers like they change like
they change a tiny little thing in an
answer and they make it a different
answer okay Bader um but as I say
answers abound so obviously any answer I
give you is one out of literally one out
of a thousand or more but like the book
of the mccabes it's galic the reason why
Kaneka is 8 days is not
because of the miracle of the oil it's
eight days because the dedication of the
B
mikash was eight days just like the
dedication of the mishkan so kanuka is 8
days because the kanuka was eight
days you see so it doesn't depend on the
Miracle of of the ne now makab number
two gives another reason why Kan eight
days and it says the following for three
years the Jewish people did not have
access to the B Mikes besides the war
they didn't have access to the B Mikes
that means they did not fulfill any of
the mitzvos connected to the sh carbon
pus and finally they have the
ability to go to the Bas of mikash now
the closest
Rego that they missed right the last
thing that they
missed was the holiday of
sukus now sukus is actually an 8-day
Festival essentially because you have
seven days of sukus followed the
immediately
by so they
made as a
makeup for the eight days of sukus that
they missed now this is a non makeup
because you can't make up if you if you
miss PES you can't I mean there is PES
Shen for the Corbin PES but if you miss
the holiday of PES you can't make it up
if you miss sukus you can't make it
up well P sh is for the the Corb P but
but you can't make the Y you don't have
y it's not a yum you can't make up a yum
uh you can't make up suus for sure and
yet this
exemplifies a yearning and a passion to
be connected to a Mitzvah and they made
eight days of Kan as a way of
celebrating that the book of the makes 2
actually says the Jewish people
spontaneously brought Lula and Esra
in other words imagine they weren't able
to celebrate suus like just 6 weeks
before
whatever now we can go let's bring our
Lula vanra to the B
Mikes so makab one connects the eight
days to the dedication of the mishkan
makab 2 connects the eight days to the
holiday of sukus now since Hally
there is no way to make
up
suus so this was a nonh
makeup so there is no remes in
K to such a concept you're not going to
find Kaz
connecting except one obscure
reference and like a
fossil it reminds us of the origin even
though K do not make it explicit there's
a famous M I know you've heard between B
and
B how do you celebrate the kanaka
lights according to bill which is what
we do of
course excluding the
shamish you start with one and you go
up right one second night two according
to
B you start with
eight and you go down
as is always the case or or is most of
the time the
case we follow bill now the gar chabas
says we understand basill because basill
says you go up in Holiness and you don't
go down but why would B Shi say you
start with
eight and you go
down so the gamar in one of its answers
says Ah because bami wants to connect
the Kan lights to the
pattern of the carbonos of
sukus now if you remember the pattern of
the carbonos of suus which equal the 70
nations of the world is you go down day
one3
blls so Bashi says Ah the same way the
carbonos of sukus go
down the kanaka candles go
down now the question
is but what's the
connection I mean all right suus goes
down why is so I would suggest that b is
a
remnant of makab
2 that is telling us that the eight days
of Kaneka are supposed to correspond to
sukus in some ways so it survives there
so even though kazal did not want to
acknowledge the legitimacy of a makeup
because there is no makeup for
suus but at least according to Bam which
is not the the connection to sukus got
enshrined okay it's very interesting
this is why I actually think um you know
if you know in the isas they don't
emphasize uh history at all so we learn
gor Etc but but if you understand some
of the historical background you
actually understand the kazal much
better if you understand the concrete
history here now another point I want to
point out is ma Al makab one and makab
these
two cover the same territory they
describe the same rebellion and the
dedication of the basam mikas but they
have a different
emphasis now I want to say both books
are holy books they are not secular
books both I mean I I don't mean they're
holy like tanak but both books proceed
from amuna in
Hashem they are not secular in that way
written by we don't know that it's
really Anonymous we don't know who the
author is but both books have a
religious tone that this is a mil not
for political Independence this is not a
for Statehood or
nationalism this is a war so we can keep
the Torah both books have that same
orientation but they emphasize a
different
nud maab one emphasizes the military
heroism of
theim it goes through every battle it
talks about the courage of the Warriors
it talks about their commitments to
defeat the enemy for for Spiritual
reasons right it's a song of
praise to the military strength that
Hashem had given the Jews makim too has
a different emphasis there are many
stories of
martyrdom and it talks about the people
who were murdered who died
Al Hashem for example the very famous
Story one of the most famous kanaka
stories about KH a woman named KH and
her seven
children who were
slaughtered by
antias because they refused to bow down
to
idols and the young I mean and the
youngest son the last son even antias
felt pity for the last
son and he said you don't have to
worship the idol I'm going to throw my
ring on the floor and if you pick just
pick up the ring that'll be fine and
this little kid who seems not to even
have been Bar Mitzvah we don't know
exactly says do not think that you are
King there is no King but
Hashem and there will be a time that you
yourself will be judged before God and I
will not betray
my
Creator and that child was killed as
well and the Book of the mccabes goes
into gruesome detail this was not simply
a matter of execution which would have
been bad enough this was torture this
was
amputation this was burning flesh it was
horrific it
was and at the end it actually mentions
KH fell off a roof and there's a whole
question what that means did she go
crazy did she commit SU decide what
exactly happened did she faint out of
grief we don't know but those stories
are and many other stories are in Mac
bees too now which means the books go
over the same
territory but they have a different
emphasis and I want to draw an
interesting
connection to
Yum in Israeli
culture we observe here in erus and and
actually know really throughout the
Jewish world uh a time in Nissan that's
called Holocaust Memorial Day y
has now you'd figure a holocaust
commemoration day should not be
controversial one would assume that all
Jews would be in favor of it but in
truth if you live in Israel you know
this there's no such thing as anything
in Israel that's not a matter of
controversy and Y hasah particularly in
the early years of the state
was very very very
controversial one reason why it was
controversial is AIC reason it's in the
month of Nissan and you're not supposed
to do have sad events in the month of
Nissan see you can't win right
Y is not good because you're not
supposed to have happy occasions
during and is not good because you're
not supposed to have sad occasions in
the month of Nissan so maybe switch your
to Y and then you know okay maybe that
would work okay but be it as it may that
was a technical reason why Yash was a
problem there was another reason why was
that date in Nissan
chosen for y
shwa it is the an it is the
anniversary of the
fall of the war
Soto that was the date that was designed
to commemorate the deaths of 6 million
Jews
okay well what's the problem with that
here is the problem and again this
memory kind of has faded because we
don't have that many survivors of the
Holocaust anymore but in the early years
of the
state there were many DieHard
zionists who were actually
ashamed of what they perceived as the
paity of
Jews who were LED like sheep to the
slaughter why didn't they fight why
didn't they uprise why didn't they get
weapons and they said oh the state of
Israel we're going to create a new Jew
we're not going to have the frightened
Gess Jew who is passive and ineffectual
we're going to have an army we're going
to be tough we're going to be the big
guys no one's going to push us around
and they actually were to some degree
I'm not saying everybody got God forbid
but there were some who were actually
embarrassed about the wh
or the nerdiness whatever word you want
to use of those gulish
Jews so when they wanted to commemorate
the
Holocaust they wanted to choose the one
event and there weren't that many events
the one event where Jews aggressively
Rose against their
oppressors which was the war
sageta now without disparaging for one
second the heroism of the war ghetto
certainly but there were survivors of
the
Holocaust who considered this to be
deeply deeply painful as if to say their
experience didn't
count so I want to suggest maybe that
this tension between military
courage and spiritual
martydom which do you glorify the truth
is you should glorify both but which are
you
is actually the tension between sa makim
1 and makim 2 makim 1 emphasizes the kak
of the Jews in fighting against their
enemies makim to
symbolizes the nobility of
spiritual resistance and dying Al
kesem and as as a result therefore it's
fascinating that these two books tell
the same story from a different
perspective and that actually reflects
tensions that exist in society to this
very day now the short answer is both
are worthy of admiration this shouldn't
be an either or but still some people
are drawn to one more than more than the
other
now the big question is this and this is
a huge
question both mbes 1 and macbes 2 were
written shortly after the Kaneka Story
by Anonymous author
mcab 1 is earlier mcab 2 is later but
they were certainly written
within within a 100 Years of the Kaneka
story neither one even
mentions a jar of oil being
found that lasted 8
days they mentioned dedication of the
temple for sure they mentioned purifying
the temple they mentioned lighting the
manora for sure there's no mention of
the
P so where is the first
time that there is
mention of
the in a later well yeah that's yeah but
that is L that's mentioned later than
later than later but I'm saying the
first time the story of the p is
mentioned in a rinic source is in a
safer called millas
Tinus now millas Tinus is a little it's
a misleading title millas Tinus
literally means the scroll of fasting
but actually it's a list it's a calendar
of days that you're not allowed to fast
because they're festive days and most of
those days we don't observe today but
Kaneka is on that list and millas Tinus
in The Narrative of
khaka mentions the
miracle of the
P now when was millas Tinus written
millus Tinus was written after shortly
after the
destruction I'm I'm sorry not it was
written shortly before the before the
destruction of the second
mikash now the second mikdash was let's
say destroyed in the year
70 so again let me remind you the
miracle of Kaneka
occurred in what two
BCE
265 millas Tinus is at least
250 years after
that so the first mention of
the is more than 250
years after the khaka
story so what are the implications of
that so if you're secular if you're
academic if you're not
religious you will see people say oh
that means the p is a Bubba Misa didn't
happen isn't
true people will say that you'll come
across that
writing from our
perspective as people who believe in
Kaz we say of course that's not right of
course there was a
p of course there there was a miracle of
course it
happened but there is must be a reason
why it was not mentioned and it was not
the
source of the Kaneka holiday and then
the question is why is that meaning if
you're not going to accept the Bubba
Misa story which we cannot accept then
you you are left with the question why
was it so
deemphasized so there are a few
possibilities that are very interesting
one is
that it could be that the Kaneka Miracle
of the
candles was not necessarily well known
it was a tradition that was
preserved only by a small number of
people because remember where is the
manura
located the manora is located in the
temple building the
he who goes into the
he only kohanim going to you couldn't go
in so the average
Jew didn't even see the manura
lighting couldn't see the manura
lighting and if by chance he sees the
manura lighting he doesn't he's not
aware that oh it's been going for eight
days or whatever it is because the manur
is supposed to be lit every day anyway
so you know it was
lit so one possibility simply
is
that it was not a miracle that was
yua so to speak that's one idea the
other idea is expressed by the moral the
moral
says that we don't make
holidays just because Hashem does
Miracles we make holidays only when
there's a Yeshua for CLA Israel so we
can make a yum because of the B mikash
being rededicated we can make a yum
because of our victory over the yanim
and being able to keep Torah you don't
make a miracle just because the oil
burnt 8 days it's a miracle it's a sign
of love but that did not save us so we
don't make a
y well so it depends what the is the is
left after the oil the is the war
against
y now maral suggests the following makab
one that although the Y of KH is because
of the victory over Yan and the
dedication of the temple why do we
celebrate it by commemorating the
oil so he says like this he says Hashem
gave us the miracle of the oil because
to show us that our military Victory
does not come from us the Torah warns us
over and over
again that when we are successful in
M we are prone to the hazard of
Ki so what Hashem does is after we
achieve this tremendous
success and there's a danger of uis and
arrogance Hashem does a supernatural
Miracle to convey to us the
idea that it's not you that achieved the
victory it's what I gave you in other
words listen one day of
oil
inadequate but it burns for 8 days so
you're inadequate too meaning don't
think you have the kak right West Point
got it wrong West Point reads the book
of
macbes to show how great the makabe Army
was
militarily moral says that's exactly the
point in the other
direction it's only through the light of
Hashem so according to
this we do celebrate we do commemorate
the
P by lighting the naos but the lighting
of the naos is
designed to give us our true
perspective on the
war that the of
the is from hasem and that's why I
should also add in the alanan
prayer it's a famous question when the
alanan prayer tells you about kanaka it
does not
mention the oil that burned for8 days it
only mentions that God gave us victory
in order to keep the Torah the many were
defeated by the few the impure were
defeated right and people ask the
question it's a f another famous this is
probably the second after the B's
question this is the second most famous
question in khah why does Allah not
mention
the and by the way some people will give
you an answer but it's not a good answer
well yeah it does mention it because it
says they lit the
manora come on it's not talking about
the miracle of lighting the because it
just says when they dedicated the temple
they lit the manora there's no remes in
those words to anything
Supernatural the answer is p because Al
says khah is about rededicating the
temple and reestablishing the Torah it
is not about the miracle of the
P but as maral says the miracle of the
pem and makes us
realize that the military victories came
from Hashem so we need the miracle of
the
naos to approach
the in the proper perspective and that's
why the alanam doesn't mention it
because it's really augmenting the
primary idea that Hashem gave us this
Victory but now there's a final point I
want to make that's I actually you think
is an extremely powerful
point
so the yanim desecrated the b mikdash in
the year 268
BCE 25th of Kiss Life 3 years later 265
BCE we reenter the temple and although
the book of makab don't mention it but
that's when we found the P that burned
for eight
days and we had the kanuka of eight
days now now we also know that
eventually the Jewish people established
a monarchy ammonian
monarchy and of so we tend to think that
all of that happened the same time
rededication of the
mikdash getting into dependence in AR
Israel establishing a monarchy it all
happened the same
time in reality if you look in the book
of
mbes the Kaneka story did not happen at
the end of the war the War
continued for more than 25
years meaning all we gained on
Kaneka was the basa
Mikes we were still in a state of
War there was still
persecution aricel was not liberated
entirely for 25 years and Shimon the
last surviving son of Mato was not
proclaimed melik
till
240 240 BC that's 25 years
later meaning Kaneka was not the
culmination of a
mil Kana occurred three years into a war
that would last another 25 years this is
what the book of the mcabe
says now you might
ask okay why is that important is there
any importance in moving the kanaka
miracle to the beginning of the
war instead of understanding it to be
the culmination of a
victory there actually
is and that is the
following if the miracle of the sheman
would have been at the end of the
process meaning we beat the we
established our we have the Primacy of
Torah we have the B MD and look God even
showed us this miracle of the
oil that would have been very nice that
would have been a cherry on top of the
Sunday that would have been frosting on
the cake that would have been a Divine
kiss in addition to everything else and
that's what it would have
been but when it's in the middle of the
war towards the beginning of the war 3
years into the war that's going to last
another 25
years the message is very different
imagine if you're a
makabe and every morning you wake up or
maybe you don't sleep at
night and you're going to spend the day
fighting this war against the most
powerful army in the
world it outnumbers you and you don't
have the support of your own
people well at some point you might come
to the conclusion
it's
impossible why should I keep on fighting
what am I struggling for it's so
hopeless it's so
useless we get an inch of land today and
we lose it
tomorrow if we have to keep the Torah
let's just go to the mountains let's go
to the caves let's just hide out and
keep whatever we can
keep and we don't even have the support
of our own people army Israel looks down
at US Army Israel doesn't value what
we're
doing so if you're a
makabe the big thing that you face is
hopelessness
despair a
belief that the powers of evil are so
deep are so
encompassing the darkness is so
great what is the
use of doing the little thing that I can
do
which just won't accomplish
anything so what does Hashem show them
in the beginning of the struggle you
know three years into the struggle he
says here is a little bit of
light it's only one day of
light meaning it's going to burn one day
and then it's going to go
out but what happens you light the light
that you're able to
light and then has you do as much as
you're able to
do and then Hashem blesses your
efforts
beyond what you thought is
possible now think of the message that's
giving the
macbes don't give up don't
despair don't say that you're so
ineffectual you're so weak you're so
insignificant that what's the point look
at the light of the one
day that Hashem can make it burn for
eight days but if you wouldn't have done
what you could if you wouldn't have lit
the one day nothing would have happened
so positioning it in the middle of the
war is enormously
powerful it's Hashem giving him the
message giving them the message of
hope the message of
Courage the message of not giving up you
look at your life and you say what's the
point now this is a
message that is enormously important for
all of
us because there are many types of
darkness in the
world there is the darkness of violence
and hatred there's the darkness of
depression and despair there's the
darkness of
assimilation and
ignorance and our job as jiden is is to
try to bring a little
light in that
Darkness but we often
feel the darkness is so
great the darkness is so
deep what little thing could I add to
this I light a little candle it'll go
out real soon my influence is not going
to
spread how can I fight this it's too
much khaka says
light the light that you
can and then Hashem will bless it beyond
what you thought is
possible so here too history is not just
history you know the issue did the
Kaneka Miracle happen at the middle of
the war or beginning of the war did it
happen at the end of the war the rambam
mm happened at the end of the war book
of mabes implies it happened the
beginning of the war no 3 years into the
war so a person thinks it's just a
matter matter of of
history but no I think there's an
enormously powerful
message in the middle of the battle
Hashem is telling you don't give up and
all of us even if we're
not we're fighting the Battle of
life life in many ways is a
battle and we got to fight it and we get
discouraged and we feel helpless and we
feel hopeless
and kanaka says light the light that you
can and then I will bless it beyond what
you thought is possible that is the
central message of what khaka is about
now the notion of kanaka as being a
dedication of the temple the tell us it
also applies to dedicating the Temple of
our
souls because each one of us are
supposed to be a place where God sh
dwells so the is not just the dedication
of
the the is
being our heart and our soul to be a
Dwelling Place of the
so we hope once again that the darkness
of theim that that are still facing this
darkness and the Darkness of our that
are struggling should be replaced with
the great great light of Kaneka and the
great light of kanaka should also
illuminate the darkness that all of us
face in our own struggles on whatever
level it is so
[Music]
there
some here