From the Atom to the Universe - What Scientists Don’t Tell Us

want a class silent it's not like yes everybody screams his own thing in class we the professor speaks the others listen so that's how Okay so anyway uh this is I want to say a few things before we start first of all this is a presentation that is based on a tour I did recently in France I presented this something like 10 times to different places in France in in the Paris regions and and in Belgium and it went well uh the goal of it is twofold one to kind of give some more boost for we started with the we talk about creation we talk about some some of the creations of a premise I'm not a rabbi I'm a scientist and therefore what I'm going to say is from a scientific point of view of course I'm but I'm trying as much as possible to just talk about on the scientific side a second premise I want to say is that I try to make to say what I say that is understandable for 99% of the people starting age 10 or 12 some once in a while just to make pleasure to some people who are be more advanced in science I may say a few things that are more advanced if you don't understand there's no big deal and we move on okay so what what one understands understands okay and so byom line here one thing is one skill I don't have for sure is artistic talent and this is my best work you if you see this this is an eye and it's an eye that looks at science and when he looks at science it implies the understanding that the read a Creator this is my best work okay so okay let's start there's a quote I want to show you from a very amazing Rabbi that helped in even if I met you only once many many years later it's it's a Raab he was the chief Rabbi of France for 21 years for those who know him and he says something beautiful in French but I promise to say this in English so in English it's this it says nature nature is the modest veil of protection that Hashem extends over men so as not to force him to believe in God so you understand so God puts a veil of protection which is called nature which is something that is made in a way that is not forcing us to believe in him okay whatever this sentence tells to you right now it's one thing when we'll get to the end I'll pass this sentence again and you probably have a completely different meaning to all of you and I want to start with another great Rabbi who for me is the greatest scientist of all times is RAB Vidor Miller okay RAB Vidor Miller for those who know him uh he was a a Baki when he passed away there was a hpet someone said I didn't agree with everything that ra Miller said he was very in what he said but how can I argue with someone who finished s over a 100 times and he was an expert in making us see on science on scientific things the hand of he wrote beautiful books that I really s suggest you rejoice of Youth or Universe testifies which is just a condensed version of the scientific part of Rejoice of Youth and a story that I heard was someone came to him once and he said Rob I have I have a scientific question and R Miller said okay I need to go to the office and and find the answer so he went he came back they started to continue talking and then the guy said that I have another scientific question well he said I need to go to the office a second time and then he comes back and continue talk says and and it came another third question scientific question at this Point ra Miller said I'm sorry I cannot go to the bathroom a third time in AR row so this is where he had all his science books and and and what he had what was amazing of him was that he could see really what scientist scientists are very good that's you know they can give you equations differential very very but you know but it's the detail but to see the forest this was his skill among the many gems he said one of them was the following he says the truth is everywhere but few men are able to see it and it's a very profound statement and what going to try to see a few things maybe see a few examples together see we can see a little bit of the truth and in fact his recipe for acquiring true wisdom in fact in one tape he said he said that he looked at a flower for a long time and I don't remember honestly if it was 20 minutes or 2 hours or whatever it is but um when he looked at this flower he said I reached the highest level closest to rues he said when when he um when this and his actually was the following he said look at something very carefully look it carefully and then think about it meditate understand it he looked at the flower you can understand it look why the color like this why it's tou like this why this it grows this way why it's Etc and then look more closely and then think a little more and repeat the cycle many times when you do this with anything in nature you'll become in awe of a it's automatic okay so what I want to do now is to talk a little bit about what we call Orders of magnitude I want so number of zeros for example uh Elon Musk has a bank account with something like 10 zeros after a number right so let's say put a one and he has something like uh $10 billion or something my bank account has many less zeros than his okay so let's try to understand what order of magn for example when we say order of magnitude if I say 1,000 or 5,000 or 3,500 is the same thing it's basically three zeros okay so the Earth for example our planet is something like 13 million m in diameters 13,000 kilm right that's the diameter of the earth when we look at the person the order of magnitude is basically uh a meter so 10 to the^ of zero this is 10 to the power of seven there are seven zeros in meters then there is no zeros after and then there are things that are very small that are like for example an ant is order of magnitude the millimeter which means 10us 3 0.1 three zeros and then a number okay so this is what we call Orders of magnitude and here just for from the ant to the Earth if I take an ant and I multiply it Dimension by 10 ^ of 7 right sorry by 10 ^ of 10 I have the diameter of the earth right is okay so this is we have 10 orders of magnitude between The Ant and the Earth let's see if there is more in the creation of a so there is an old video it's a very old video but I found it very very nice and I want to pass it to you he talks about powers of 10 he's going to show you basically people doing picnic and then he's going to go every 10 second 10 times bigger 10 times bigger 10 times bigger and let's see where we get [Music] okay hold on a second I need to put [Music] okay the picnic near the Lakeside in Chicago is the start of a lazy afternoon early 1 October we begin with a scene 1 M wide which we view from just 1 M away now every 10 seconds we will look from 10 times farther away and our field of view will be 10 times wider this square is 10 m wide and in 10 seconds the next Square will be 10 times as wide our picture will Center on the picnickers even after they've been lost to sight 100 m wide the distance a man can run in 10 seconds cars crowd the highway power boats lie up their docks the colorful bleachers are solders fielded this square is a kilm wide 1,000 M the distance a racing car can travel in 10 seconds we see the great City on the Lake Shore 10 to 4 M 10 km the distance of SuperSonic airplane can travel in 10 seconds we see first the rounded end of Lake Michigan then the whole Great Lake 10 to the 5th M the distance and orbiting satellite covers in 10 seconds long parades of clouds the day's weather in the middle west 10 to the 6th a 1 was 6 her a million meters soon the Earth will show as a solid sphere we are able to see the whole earth now just over a minute along the journey the Earth diminishes into the distance but those backgrounds so much farther away but they do not yet appear to move a line extends at the true speed of light in 1 second it half crosses the Tilted orbit of the moon now we Mark a small part of the path in which the Earth moves about the sun now the orbital Paths of the neighbor plets Venus and Mars then Mercury entering our field of view is the glowing center of our solar system the sun followed by the massive outer plants swinging wide in their big orbits that OD orbit belongs to Pluto a fringe of a myriad comets too faint to see completes the solar system 10 to the 14th as the solar system shrinks to one bright point in the distance our sun is plainly now only one Among the Stars looking back from here we note for Southern Constellations still much as they appear From The Far Side of the Earth this squares 10 to the 16th m one light year not yet out to the next star our last 10 second step took us 10 light years further the next will be 100 our perspective changes so much in each step now that even the background Stars will appear to converge at last we pass the bright star octus and some stars of the Dipper normal but quite unfamiliar stars and clouds of gas surround us as we Traverse the Milky Way galaxy Giant Steps carry us into the outskirts of the Galaxy and as we pull away we begin to see the great flat spiral facing us the time and path we chose to leave Chicago has brought us out of the Galaxy along a course nearly perpendicular to its dis the two little satellite galaxies of our own are the clouds of mellin 10 to the 202nd power a million light years groups of galaxies bring a new level of structure to the scene glowing points are no longer single stars but whole galaxies of stars seen as one we passed the big Virgo cluster of galaxies among many others 100 million light years out as we approach the limit of our vision we pause to start back home 10 to the 24 and in fact we went even this is a 1977 video it's quite old so it shows you well we are kind of a meter and this is something like 100 million light years 100 million meaning light that goes at 300,000 kilom per second would take 100 million years to do the distance of this uh width of the universe so and the when she pleaded with for a child she used said listen AEM you created so many things you created such a humongous universe and you cannot give me a son you know this is a but let's look more closely at our let's go back a little bit on our our solar system we are something like 150 million kilometers from the Sun and what is fascinating is that if you look at all the planets we all we are the only one that first of all has a temperature that is suitable for life well you get too close it's to hot H and when you go to Mars and Company it becomes too cold so this looks uh like uh too much even for the ones who want to uh have some tan sun tan it's too much for 160° and when you go to Mars it's minus 58 which makes Siberia look like a summer camp uh and then but one thing that is fascinating is that not only we're at the right distance we have also the right atmosphere so first of all the atmosphere that we know has 21% oxygen right why not more when someone Len who is sick goes to the hospital they give more oxygen right why we don't have more who made that is unbelievable and very people know few people know is oxygen is a it's a gas that makes other things flam more flammable and the limit the flammability limit is 23.5% meaning when you get to 23.5% things would would get flammable very easy and that's why in hospitals there are unfortunately very very um more it's easier to get fires in there so Hashem gave us the maximum that he safe uh and the other plants by the way either don't have an atmosphere or have an atmosphere with like something like 95% or plus of carbon dioxide which is basically if you stay under the the a car and breathe the exhaust that would be what you would feel how you are you would be in Venus or Mars so it's not really very condusive for life on top of that this atmosphere look at this you see this little thing it's like uh for an apple you have the peel this tiny peel is the one that gives us life because it does many things not only it has the oxygen in there that we can breathe it also protects us from uh UVS UltraViolets and other harmful radiations and Al Another things I know like aor Miller says this in his tapes is you notice that the moon has a bunch of craters right why because there are a bunch of asteroids and other particles that fly in space and that hit collide with the with the moon and make a crater why we don't have the craters because the asteroids and Company they enter our Earth but they get burned by ition into the atmosphere by the way it's a very re-entering Earth is one of big problems for example the shadow they had to engineer the the shell in a very special material to sustain the heat enormous heat that from friction in the re-entry into the atmosphere so we see exactly we are the only planet that has exactly the right conditions the atmosphere the temperature and everything else and we can go on there's something called fine-tuning I don't know if you heard about this term fine tuning of the universe if you look at all the constants of physics and chemistries all the phenomena all the synchronizations ETC all the Cycles they're all exactly designed for life with very very tiny tolerances we'll see we'll see a few today okay and in fact we say who has done this for us I read something very nice but it's in a book from a rabbi that we wouldn't call Orthodox so I'm not going to site the rabbi who said that he said something very nice he said we have to have two pieces of paper one that we write we put it on the right pocket and then another one and we put on the left pocket if we feel very very GIC and so on we take the one we calm down and if we are very depressed we don't feel good we take and it kind of boosts our AR mood so it's interesting okay I hope the rabbi will M on this perfect okay okay so this is our Earth and well it's a big earth right very big Earth but when we look in comparison to other planets well the Earth is here well not some big Earth and when you compare it to the Sun well this is the earth huh this is the sun this is the Earth and so it makes you think where are we who are we so I'm sorry I don't want to depress you it will get a little more depressing even more but then we're going to try to get up okay so it's really when we think about this Hashem has done all this for for us and who are we right it's going to get worse okay let's uh this was my favorite toys Lego Lego let's talk about Lego Lego when you think about this how is Lego working you have you have a few dozen types of parts right you have the long one the short ones the four the two Etc right and how many pieces you have usually for doing something you need a few hundred or sometimes a thousand if you have a lot of money to buy the big big Legos right the train or the car or things like this and then you can do houses trains car you know I think everybody played with Lego we all enjoy this this is the Lego that we have well AOS who also has a Lego and I know I please I don't want any heart attack in the room I know when we talk about periodic table of the elements chemistry people start having palpitations and spasms and epilepsy crisis and no it's not that terrible we're going to just touch about it but at is just enough for for understanding it and basically when you think about it it's like the Lego you have a few dozen types of elements really even if you have a 100 here the ones that are really useful something like three doz or so uh and then how many ah here billions and billions uh of of of of of elements in in any physical object not coins as means translation anyway so why why do you remember there was an Italian scientist that said how many we have for example in let's say in a centim cube if I ask you how many atoms there are in an egg we're going to talk about an egg today how many order of magnitudes wow there billion anybody heard about a guy called avagadro am avagadro avagadro said okay very good at least one very good thank you thank you very much so order of magnitude 10 to the 23 10 to the 24 20 10 to the 24 means uh a million of million of million of million of atoms in an egg for example right this is a big number so much more than Legos and the final object is every everything we can even do Legos with with the atoms right everything is made of atoms we are made of atoms we're going to talk about that and how does it work well every atom contains okay so now let's let's be clear an atom has three things there is in the nucleus in the center you have neutrons and protons neutrons don't have a charge protons are positive and they're all concentrated in a very tiny uh Center and then very far away you have tiny things that are negative as called electrons just to give you an idea if the nucleus was a ball here a balloon a soccer ball the electrons would be somewhere in somewhere in big right so there is a lot of emptiness in the atom you have a a centered nucleus and you have electrons very far away but everything is neutral meaning you have the same number of positive protons and negative electrons R Fran watman said something beautiful in one ofure he said said we always say is and we always think okay he takes this man and this woman and he makes a and it's a wedding right he said no that's not what what it means it means for every proton he takes an electron and he pairs them up because if we had a bunch of electrons in one hand it would make such an electromagnetic disturbance that the the world would topple over so but hasem made that there is always an electron in a proton that are paired together okay and in fact how you build this this table you basically you take for example hydrogen you have one proton and one electron and then the next one is helium you have two protons and two electrons and then lithium three protons three electrons okay very simple so neutrons and protons in the center very far away the electrons that's the Lego of aadu and each one is special and I want to show you some examples of how much more special the Lego of is compared to our Lego okay let's see some example so before we do this I want you to understand how small is small so we're going to take the same video and now what he does is going to go on reverse it's going to go onto the small so let's have a look how small is small and then we're going to talk about the atom one we are back at our starting point we slow up at 1 M 10 to the Zer [Music] power now we reduce the distance to our final destination by 90% every 10 seconds each step much smaller than the one before at 10- 2 1/1 100 of a meter 1 cm we approach the surface of the hand in a few seconds we'll be entering the skin Crossing layer after layer from the outermost dead cells into a tiny blood vessel within skin layers vanish and turn an outer layer of cells FY collagen the capillary containing red blood cells in a roughly lymphocyte we enter the white cell among its vital organel the porous wall of the cell nucleus appears the nucleus within holds the heredity of the man in the coiled coils of DNA as we close in we come to the double helix itself a molecule like a long Twisted ladder whose rungs of paired bases spell out twice in an alphabet of four letters the words of the powerful genetic message at the atomic scale the interplay of form and motion becomes more visible we focus on one commonplace group of three hydrogen atoms bonded by electrical forces to a carbon atom four electrons make up the outer shell of the carbon itself they appear in Quantum motion as a swarm of shimmering points at 10us 10 m one angstrom we find ourselves right among those outer electrons now we come upon the two inner electrons held in a tighter swarm as we draw toward the atoms attracting Center we enter upon a vast Inner Space at last the carbon nucleus so massive and so small this carbon nucleus is made up of six protons and six neutrons we are in the domain of universal modules there are protons and neutrons in every nucleus electrons in every atom atoms is bonded into every molecule out to the farthest Galaxy as a single proton fills our seed reach the edge of present understanding are these some quirks and intense interaction our journey has taken us through 40 powers of 10 if now the field is one unit then when we saw many clusters of galaxies together it was 10 4th or 1 and 40 zos Hashem takes care of everything from the tiny tiny to the big wig right he says from the horns of the to the lights by the way I want to show we always say is right like splitting of the hair like the thickness of the air I think it's tremendous when you think about this because the hair is something like 50 microns which is 50,000 nanometers which is basically something like half a million atoms in size so he could have been much more precise and go go much more deeper okay but that that's that's just a a scientific comment okay so bottom line we span something like 40 orders of magnitude of or even more when we go from the atom to the galaxies and the and the whole universe 40 orders of man I don't know if you realize what it means from something that is one to something multipli by a number with 40 zeros after that that's tremendous the the power of to go from the tiny tiny and they all work together because the whole thing depends on on the single atom right so and if you look at our body the human body has something like 10 or of magnitude inside because you can go from the atoms they are 10 to the minus 10 or the angstrom and you go to the DNA you go to the cells and you go to the organs and you go to the systems and you go to the human and basically you also have in into as we have just around in Ash we have over 10 orders of magnitudes it's pretty impressive and I want to show you how much more special those Legos of are compared to our Legos because Legos when I take a blue and a red and I put them together I have a blue and a red right but here there's something very funny that is going on I want to show you a few examples so first of I com I can combine atoms and have very surprising products example now I'm going to show you here sodium sodium is a soft metal that uh Burns and explodes in water look at this okay that's for sodium right you don't want to you don't want mess up with sodium right another example is chlorine chlorine is a gas that is extremely toxic and it was developed by sadly a Jewish scientist frit saber as and it was the first chemical warfare during the first world war and they used it the Germans used it against their enemies and it's a terrible gas it makes terrible uh damage to the person until the person dies and this was an explosion in Jordan so maybe we shouldn't be so so sad about this some 14 people died and who knows how many more whatever were injured but uh the point is this is a a terrible gas just a parenthesis which is very sad and this is we'll see unfortunately in many Jewish scientists are not really but whatever I don't want I don't want to say anything uh FR saber is the one who invented Z I don't know if you realize uh we know what zon B was what's just the modification of zon that he invented a Jewish guy did it so it's so anyway so you have those two things that are terrible chlorine and sodium and if you say Lego I'm not playing with those Legos I don't want it but you know if you put them together sodium and chlorine you know what you get Sal table that you use every Shabbat on your right so it's amazing you take two things that are terrible you put them together you have something amazing okay and someone asked me a question ask but when you put the salt in the water it separates the chlorine and the sodium right yeah but then they are solvated by the water molecule around and the one said hold on second so you have the sodium with the water sodium water which explodes magically doesn't explode when you dissolve it like this so it's interesting you can go you can go deep let's say another example this molecule anybody knows what it is okay I don't expect anybody to know there was a film but it's a French film in in English it's called the the salary of the fear or the wage of the fear uh and it was a film where they had to transport nitroglycerin nitroglycerin is a kind of a liquid solid jelly kind of thing that if he drops he has a mechanical impact it explodes with really really nasty consequences this film was basically transporting nitrog glyceline to explode a a a well of petrol that was uh getting fired and so on and it was and it was a terrible film anyway very tragic every tragic tragic film and basically the thing that is fascinating is that the elements that do nitroglycerin are hydrogen carbon nitrogen and oxygen the same that we have in the DNA right so very nice Lego pieces but you put them in a certain way you get something terrible right uh carbon and hydrogen basically is the basis of Life oxygen nitrogen you have in our atmosphere so very very common nice elements you put them together in a certain way you get something terrible let's see more how atoms are arranged for example carbon you know Carbon you can have this thing you do your barbecue it's black it's soft it's very cheap and it's an electrical conductor and then there is another variant made of the same atom which is this one that for some unknown reason to me it's only among men here women likes a lot like a lot this kind of stuff right it's transparent it's very hard very very expensive and electrical electrical insulator and what is the difference between the two it's all carbon atoms this one and this one well the difference is that these ones the atoms are in a certain way and on the diamond they're arranged in a different way by the way I didn't know how to if to say or not but just to to relax the atmosphere because we went down a lot on the on the on the when we understand now that we are nothing in the universe just to to say a joke like this there is a story of of a guy and and the husband and wife and they're in an American Mall you know there's huge malls that have hundreds of stores and so on and at some point they lose each other and they can't find each other so the wife calls the husband says H dear where are you he said uh darling do you remember the the jewelry store that had this diamond ring that you like very much and I promised you that one of these days when I have the money I'm going to buy for you do you remember that and the wife said yes daring yes and yeah okay and so the husband says yes I'm in the sports store across from it okay anyway so that's what that okay so and and our DNA is made again of the those thing things there's maybe some phosphat on it by the way the DNA even Bill Gates uh said it's it's like a computer program but much much more complicated than any computer program we've ever done we're going to talk about that later so let's go back to our atom our atom has a nucleus that has protons and neutrons protons are positive neutrons are neutral and this thing is kind of Dimension 10 Theus 15 M fomer very far away 10,000 times away meaning if I have a balloon here that is the nucleus my electrons are somewhere in big or further right so and and those electrons are tiny and they're charged negatively so questions so first of all as many protons as electrons okay the D the diameter of the of the atom is 10 Theus 10 we call it anstrom which is a 10th of a nanometer and but the nucleus is 10us 15 so 10,000 times smaller than the atom itself so there is a bunch of emptiness now I want to ask you a couple of questions you all remember in school that positive and negative attract and positive and positive or negative and negative repulse right you remember that it's okay so I just told you that I have a nucleus that is very tight with a bunch of protons and and neutrons that are closed together how is it possible proton and proton don't like to be together they want to just go away how come well there is something called nuclear force strong and and weak nuclear force which is a force that acts only at very very very very short distance there and what is amazing scientists have studied if this force was 1% stronger or 2% weaker we wouldn't have atoms we wouldn't have life we wouldn't have anything because the nuclear would either implode or disintegrate another question I want to ask you we have electrons that are negative and the nucleus is a bunch of protons so it's positive right n positive and negative what do you remember from school they attract each other so The Logical consequence would be that the electron should go and smash on the nucleus and it would be game over for everything but it doesn't why it doesn't well there is something called bore postulate Neils bore was a Jewish scientist of the quantum mechanics Revolution and and bore said it's a post you know what postulate means it's like this shut up that's what it means po we don't know but it's like this so bottom line the electrons don't smash on the nucleus and that's it don't ask questions and I want to tell you more sometimes sometime so there is a force electromagnetic force between the two right inverse inversely proportional to the square of the distance so that Force if that force was 4% weaker we wouldn't have atoms because the electron would just go away and if it was tiny bit stronger I don't remember how much so bottom line hasem has made things with tolerances of 1% 2% 4% during realize that all things are there in such a precise way that it's absolutely unbelievable unbelievable very tiny percentage okay but the point I want to make is this the atom is almost completely empty 99.99% and more is empty space so let's make a what we call a gunin experiment an experiment where we say okay if I take for example I take my earth I take my Earth we said it's 13 million met and if I made some assumptions of which atoms it is made of and I said let's put the electron on the nucleus let's eliminate all the empty space how big would the Earth be do you know how much it would be not exactly it will be something like half of the tower According to some assumptions maybe 10 is B so bottom line this is unbelievable it would be but still with the same mass of the Earth so this 10 to the 24 20 24 kilog by the way gustavel has a an OD l so we're we are nothing not only we're nothing of nothing we're even empty so us if you said let's take the empty space between electrons and and the nucleus in in in in in our body would not be a speck of dirt sorry I don't want to depress okay we're going to we're going to try to to but before okay so anyway I told you this thing and now we have to meditate about this concept but before I want to tell you one thing youel he went he was an Alum of a a very prestigious university called the colal parie and when you look at the Wikipedia side and you see the famous alumni you have something like than 50 of course he's there because one of the first and then if you look lower you see also my name in there okay and uh and and in fact I went also to the poly Technic in Milan and if you do the same thing and you go to Wikipedia you see there there are two names one of them is julon Nat was Noble Prize in chemistry invented Plastics and then there is my name also there so but what do you learn from why did I present this thing I want to teach you do two lessons first of all professors sometimes don't understand what they're talking about I just told you were nothing a speck of dirt and I'm here kind of Gava dick on my things the second thing is if you're looking for someone humble don't look for a professor okay RAB Gish knew already but that's another thing okay so let's go back to our atoms okay so we have atoms we can do amino acids DNA chromosom cells organ living being Maybe we can build you know we can build a human being give me all the Legos I put all the Legos exactly and I do them right but let's understand what is life life is all the phenomen that we say growth metabolism reproduction that all organisms animals and plants present from birth to death well for example Lego is not alive because Lego doesn't grow uh does doesn't consume any energy and I the Legos I had when I was a kid they're still there they haven't multiplied there's no reproduction there okay so those are the key things that define life and what is death the definition of death is the absence or sensation of this phenomena ending of this phenomena so the difference between life and death is when you have life you have growth metabolism production and death you don't have but let's think about it for a second someone dies okay a few minutes before an hour before he was made of certain atoms right and then the person dies and it's exactly the same atoms why one is alive and one is dead it's exactly the same thing the living and the dead have the same atoms in the same place I just told you how important how things are distinguished by which atoms they have where they are how they're connected so they're all atoms the atoms are exactly the same between the live and the dead so how come the dead is dead and the life is life so from there we need to understand we know that something is missing okay in science we don't know how to define this we know the answer what is the answer is there is more than it's not only organic materials contain carbon right oh it's an organic material yeah also whiskey is organic material but it doesn't reproduce it doesn't have metabolism right for some people maybe it does but anyway so but we have a Nish that's where we bring this Lego to life we don't understand exactly how it works right there are even some scientists that you may have read about this they wanted to measure the weight of the Nish so they have a person about to die on a scale and I think it's total nonsense I'll tell you why it's total nonsense I have in my lab a scale that has for Z meaning you have 0.00000000 1 G and this scale is so sensitive any Speck of dir and of of of of of dirt and the scale is to to throw in the garbage so to put a person kind of alive dead on a scale that has this kind of measurements it's total nonsense in my opinion okay anyway so what what distinguishes the life from the dead is the Nish because otherwise from an atomic perspective from a scientific perspective they are exactly the same okay at a certain point would be some putrefaction phenomena things this but I'm talking let's say plus minus 2 hours uh of of a person that's that's one thing and the tells us that even inanimate objects and plants have a soul the the University of T Aviv did a study on Plants they measured plants reaction in the ultrasound and they were able to see that plants react emit signals in the ultrasound regime of different if they were about to be cut or to be kind of put some water on it so clearly there was this and in fact this seems to be consistent with our learnings we said for example and this is from he says during second hour a Golem was crafted and during the fourth hour the Nish was breathed him into into it by you know there this joke there's a atheist scientist that goes to Hashem and he sayem we don't need you anymore we know how to do man oh God said W you can so show me please so the the scientist bends down to take some dirt and God says you use your own dirt okay so so we are so we are also dust and we know that and we know that at the end of the day the dust return to the dust but bottom line we are the sh and at the end of the day the physical part is really the speck of dust when you think about the atom and The Emptiness that's that make that should make people think about this let's see one example here I want to show you two examples that I like very much and I've shown that something like four years ago but I think I understand from after four years we can represent the same thing so I want to show you an example about the egg the egg is a closed system with inside two liquids the yellow and and and and the white right and you put them for 21 days under a hand or in an oven at a certain temperature and then you have a cheick coming out right so let's have a look about this process and then let's talk about it days and this is the day in here at the very beginning at the embryo it starts the first thing is the heart so it tells you here what's going on [Music] oh la he [Music] pretty cool right so let's think about this for a second so you have this close system with those two liquids and then you have a cheek that comes out let's think about it first as a chemist as a chemist you say hold on there are atoms that are on the two liquids how many atoms we said 10 to the 24 order of magnitude right so a bunch a bunch of atoms and they are the same atoms that will form the cheek and also the food that the cheek will that will eat during the uh the whole incubation period right at the end of the day when you finish there's almost nothing remaining so everything is calculated exactly you buy your Lego and you have your Lego exactly with the right pieces do your train you know I often challenge people I say you know what is this is the same as I said to you anybody wants to take the challenge I give you a Lego of 300 pieces in a big transparent box all the pieces are there and I want you to do the Lego who can who wants to take the challenge for a million dollarars so he's not professor's Li a million dollars a professor it's a joke right anyway so the and but I said one condition you cannot open the box you can only shake the Box shake the Box until you have the train station done why Shake because heat the the the hand what it does it sits on the egg it just Heats you can do the same thing by putting the egg on an oven at a very specific temperature right so the heat is what helps to do those um uh chemical reactions so it's just molecular agitation in there and that helps make the so the heat is it's only heat that it does and it does this but everything is exactly calculated for so the two yellows have exactly there's right types of atoms carbon oxygen nitrogen etc etc that will be used exactly the right pieces that will be used for the cheick at the end when you look at this from a material scientist perspective it's a different thing you can say hold on a second I have two liquids in there and then I at the end I have some things that are hard like a beak I have some belly Parts like the eye I have some hard claws I have uh feathers that are kind of soft I have a bunch of materials that come out from two liquids in a closed system with no connection to the outside how is it possible so the question is so how do they form all the parts where's the Intelligence on this and I want to spend one more one word also on the shell the shell is amazing the shell has to withstand the the the the weight of the hand during the incubation right so it needs to be hard but at the same time needs to be not too hard because otherwise the big cannot come out you know what's going on during the 21 days the thickness gets reduced pum the thickness of the shell is a certain thickness and over time becomes thinner and thinner and thinner so at the end the cheek can peek on it and get out easy otherwise you wouldn't be able to ask so it's amazing this is a scientific paper on this is fascinating on on this on this story and on top of that I just told you before you see sometimes Professor can cheat you like crazy you don't even realize how they cheat you I just said it's a it's a close system without connection to the outside that was a lie because it's a nanoporous shell it can let air and moisture in but not the rest so when you realize carefully the shell it's not a close close system it allows some things in well and uh and also another thing the the shell is so complicated that it takes 21 hours inside the hand to be formed and but the yellow and the white for take only 3 hours every 24 hours a hand gives an egg so and by the way the the the the the shell mechanics the the shape has been used by construction Engineers to do shells and things like this because it it's a it's a shape that is AB absolutely great to distribute the weights amazing that we see in this and and if you go to the human being you know we work a little difference when the baby's inside there's something called the placenta I know that you know everybody who had a baby has this brown thing that comes out after the baby's there and it's in the box and then we think a piece of meat right this placenta is magical it's amazing the placenta is doing all the functions that the baby cannot do inside because the baby cannot breathe it doesn't have liver function it doesn't have the circulation is done by the placenta the placenta is doing a bunch a bunch of things and what is even more fascinating is that the baby when is inside the placenta is taking over and a lot there are a few things like for example uh three valves that are either closed or open during the the the time inside and then when the baby comes out they switch for example there's a hole in between the two chambers of the heart that if we had this we would go to the hospital on the spot with big problems but as soon as the baby comes out this this closes Etc and the the liver is bypassed the lungs are bypassed and there is this opening on the heart and those three things as the baby come out there sort you remember I don't know if they still do today you tell me when babies when babies come out they used to give a smack on the baby they don't do anymore but I heard this beautiful story of Jonathan Yeti and he said when babies come out they give a slap to make to make them cry so that they start breathing and they activate those those things like so it's it's for the baby I don't today to don't do anymore no okay fine anyway so we're really we cannot smack smack you can SM not smack babies anymore I apologize I know it's not it's not permitted anymore okay anyway in the old times they used to do it and uh and the baby imagine being the baby you are inside it's cozy it's warm and you see from one end to the end of the world you're learning with and then suddenly earthquake you go through his a small tunnel and it's hurting and then there's this big huge guy with a white gown that takes you in his huge hands and then you go you look and you need Papa and Mommy and Papa and they like this and then this guy takes his big hand and a a big thing on the back and you cry and it hurts and say it's not fair I haven't done anything wrong no a nothing no nothing I haven't done anything and he smacks me this no Z Fair he looks at father and he says father is going to take his right Fist and g to p it in his in in his face and then he says the father to do thank you very much this say what kind of a world is this this is crazy he said what we learn from this we learn three lessons lesson number one that hurtful things happen in life lesson number two that even the things that hurt are for our own good and the lesson number three is that eventually sometimes earlier if we're smart sometimes later if we're not we find out it was for our own good for example this kid at age 12 goes to a science class and they say you know we smack the baby to activate the breathing so that they can close those three those three Val says Oh I thought this doctor was a Russia what sad he saved my life o okay let's talk about another example we can talk right and the voice of male and female was almost the same frequenty range of course ladies is a little more um higher higher pitch and the K writes something fantastic in here he says basically he says hasem saw that being death mute would not be nice so he created a machine that speaks for a person and another machine that listens to those sounds and what is fascinating is that the mouth and the ears are tuned to the same frequency range and in fact uh it's not pasut because there are animals that here on very different frequency range so the humans are in in the in this kind of fre 20 to 20,000 htz is is the hearing ideal hearing okay uh but for example bats or dogs they hear ultrasound and then and then uh um Elephants or or are there the ones that do the the holes in the ground whatever they they hear infrasound there's a an amazing story amazing story I don't remember if it was in the 50s or 60s there was a dog food company that when they did the advertisement for the dog food all the dogs always came to the TV with their tongue out and the and and the owners saw the dog and they said they love they love that food I have to buy them the food because they love this food what was the story in the in the sound they were adding some ultrasound pictures that humans cannot hear but the dogs were hearing so when they were putting the advertisement all the dogs were running to the TV because they heard the pitch that the human was not hearing this is uh amazing yeah and so I want to talk about you know everybody says the eye is amazing that and that's true the eye is absolutely unbelievable but I'm not going to talk about the ey I want to talk about the year because people don't think about the magic of the year so two things to understand the hearing okay so a sound has a um a certain amplitude so for example I can speak at low voice or I can speak at loud voice it's exactly the same message but the volume goes up right or there are sounds that are low in frequency the the boom bo right the uh you know what I'm and then there are the high high frequency so low frequency high frequency and there is amplitude those are the two things for sound another thing I want to show you because I'm going to show you a video that this is the ear and there are a few bones here that they're the smallest bones in the human body uh so this is I think is a dime and these are the three bones real scale the whole thing for hearing is this and in fact it's really only this part here the cocka we're going to talk about later about this part so I want to show you a video I've seen a million times but it's so amazing every time I have Goosebumps When I See This I want to I want to show you the video [Music] the sense of hearing is accomplished by a process known as auditory transduction the ear converts sound waves in the air into electrical impulses which can be interpreted by the brain as sound enters the ear it passes through the external auditory canal where it meets the tanic membrane the tanic membrane then vibrates in response to the [Music] sound sounds of a lower pitch or frequency produce a slower rate of vibration and sounds of lower volume or amplitude produce a less dramatic vibration higher frequency sounds produce faster vibrations the tanic membrane is cone-shaped and articulates with a chain of three bones called the auditory oses they consist of the malas the incus and the stapes the movements of the tanic membrane vibrate the ticles passing on the information with frequency and amplitude the three bones pivot together on an axis shown here in [Music] red the pivotal axis is due to a series of ligaments which hold the bones in place within the middle ear cavity the anterior Malo ligament this whole thing iser only a couple of MIM in particular importance for the pivotal axis two structures which normally obscure this view of the middle ear have been removed they are the cord Tony nerve and the tendon of the tensor tempany muscle through the oses the vibrations of the tanic membrane are transferred to the foot plate of the stabies [Music] the stapes moves with a piston like action which sends vibrations into a structure called the Bony Labyrinth this thing is a centimeter or so this whole thing the Labyrinth is filled with a fluid called paraly if it were a completely closed and inflexible system the movement of the stapes would be unable to displace the paraly and therefore unable to send vibrations into the Bony structure due to the flexibility of a membrane called the round window the stapy movement can displace the paralin allowing vibrations to enter the Labyrinth I want to make one observation here this whole ccka is all bone solid thing right so and you have two points so you have this liquid inside that we have for hopefully 12 years right inside is something closed and you have this with a seal that hopefully nothing comes out right and then you have this thing which is rubberish that allows its expansion I don't know if you realize how complicated it would be engineering wise to just do something of this kind and of course just to make it as a joke you cannot say you know for millions of years men didn't have a round window so they couldn't hear anything and then after 100 millions of years then the round window started right okay we can make a joke out of it but the point is it's it's amazing that you have some soft stuff inside connected to a whole very hard structure the corridor leading to the round window is found within the spiral portion of the Bony Labyrinth known as the ca vibrations produced by the stapes are drawn into the spiral system and return to meet the BR window the portion of the spinal passage in which vibrations Ascend to the apex of the ca is called the Scala vestibuli the descending portion of the passage is called the Scala Tony a third structure called the clear duct is situated between the scale of vestibuli and the scale of tempany the clear duct is is filled with a fluid called endolymph and when viewed in cross-section the membranes separating the two fluid fil systems are visible this is less than minimeter okay they are riser's membrane and the basilar membrane the membranes are flexible and move in response to the vibrations traveling up the scale of the stiu another flexible thing inside the solid thing the movements of the membranes then send vibrations back down to the scal of Tony a specialized structure called the organ of CTI is situated on the basilar membrane as the basilar membrane vibrates the organ of CTE is stimulated which sends nerve impulses to the brain via the coar nerve microns now the actual nerve impulses are generated by specialized cells within the organ of Cy called hair cells the hair cells are closely covered by a structure called the T oral membrane as the basil membrane vibrates the tiny clusters of hairs are bent against the tectorial membrane triggering the hair cells to fire the entire basilar membrane does not vibrate simultaneously instead specific areas along the basilar membrane move variably in response to different frequencies of sound lower frequencies vibrate the basilar membrane closer to the apex of the CIA whereas higher frequencies produce vibrations closer to the base this Arrangement is known as tonotopic [Music] organization together this sequence of events is responsible for our acoustic perception of the world around us isn't that amazing this and you have all this in this tiny thing so this is the cocka you remember the high frequencies at the beginning the low frequencies at the end inside you have those little kind of cells this is in fact I saw a picture of someone who did the pneumatic Hammer you know they are on a certain frequency range and very high amplitude he was losing he lost all the hearing in a certain region which is a certain frequency so I'm going to say something now for the electrical engineers or mathematicians what the ear does and the brain is amazing it's a Fier transform and an inverse F transform meaning it takes a signal in time it separates into frequencies and then the brain reconstitutes all the frequencies to reform the sign inside there's a double transformation that goes on between what we hear and how we interpret the sound it's pretty amazing uh and in fact one thing that is interesting is that the ear has also this other thing on the back that people didn't know for a long time and in fact they found out one thing in Hebrew we say oim is the hearing and mosim is the balance the equilibrium right and it's only 1,8 in 1824 that the French scientists figured out that this thing at the back that they didn't have an idea what it was was responsible for the balance and in fact hasem that they were not you know they say vestigal organs so they didn't take it out from us before because they thought maybe it's useless well anyway we didn't do they didn't do this but so I'm in the same organ you have the equilibrium and you have the hearing and I think it's absolutely amazing and if you you can go deeper I presented in France there was there were students that were doing uh um doctors in in in uh Hearing in the the ear and so on and basically I asked them how how how is how is uh how are the sounds processed and recorded you know sometimes we hear a music it reminds us some memories of because we heard that same music at the same time it's it's something that it's we don't understand yet it's unbelievable so we look at all this and we can only say we saw just two small examples the egg and the ear but it's absolutely amazing Hashem is doing something unbelievable and so I could find the presentation here and then we go ped up but then we go out and and in fact no sorry before that now I want to pass you back this sentence of R what is nature is the modest veil of protection that God spreads over man so as not to force him to believe in God God think about this before you came here I don't know if how much you knew about the year or how much you thought about the egg but now you see that is Bey beyond Behind things that we never even thought about you know we take it it's just standard you know I'm hearing it's normal I never thought about what's going on every time you hear or you or or or well so that's that's one thing so we can end it here the problem is we go outside and what do we see we see things like this evolution is been proven Beyond doubt and we have all those proven sequences of fossils that are there and of course we have the famous icon of evolution that we see that you know we came from the ape and then we arve there and then you look at other things and you say Evolution as occurred and continues to occur there a very affirmative statements and scientists continue to argue about Artic explanations or mechanisms at work in specific instance of evolution but the fact that Evolution has occurred and is still occurring is Undisputed so you look at this I want to ask as questions only at the end okay thank you so uh it's and so hold one second so he talked about the beauty of the year and the thing what kind of thing so I want to see with you from a scientific perspective again I'm not a rabbi I'm a scientist I want to see is evolution truly a fact or a theory and let's try to understand what those terms mean okay so first of all scientific method L sping I mean Noel prize of chemistry said science is the search for truth and in fact ideally it is the search for truth some may have distorted this but that's the point so you ask a question you make a hypothesis and then you check the hypothesis and you see if the data confirm or not the hypothesis for example I would make a hypothesis that if I open my hand this thing is going to start to fly well it's a good hypothesis but the problem is as I open my hand this thing goes down it crashes and my hypothesis is Nan void right finished so when the hypothesis is not valid you have to review the hypothesis Richard fan was a noble price of physics he said there's no theory that is always valid a theory is only valid until someone proves it's not valid so everything we have is only valid until we prove not valid but if you prove it not valid it's not a theory anymore you have to change it so in fact you have this feedback loop this red feedback loop so if the conclusion is it's not supported by the facts you have to review your hypothesis very important point so is science always true we sometimes scientist but let's look it carefully if you look at a Wikipedia list of scientific misconduct incidents you have something like 10 pages of people who cheated and those are the ones that we caught how many we didn't get when I started my PhD at MIT I remember one who a guy who was finishing his PhD told me listen don't believe even half of the papers because they they say nonsense so I didn't want to believe him but I don't know if he was right or not but I'll give you one example for all this guy a German guy who was working at Bell Labs Bell Labs is an amazing lab they invented the transistor they discovered the Big Bang amazing lab and he was working on transistor on on single molecule amazing field of research and he started publishing and published amazing papers science nature nature science nature science science nature amazing papers one after the other so when you have a new research like this and you have such amazing results other groups are trying to piggyback on This research and and expand it so some students decided to take as a PhD to work on this topic and so they started and they couldn't replicate the result and it was not working was not working was not working a bunch of students failed their PHD because they were not able to do the results some professors got upset and they started investigating what they found out that let's say paper number 57 had the same level of noise as paper number 13 noise is a signal that is random that cannot be replicated even in the same experiment so that means he cheated on the and they caught him so basically they had to retract can you imagine 32 articles retracted a a bua as a busha retracting 32 scientific articles from Top magazines and uh and that was one another example Watson and Creek famous they discovered the DNA they got the Nobel Prize so happy well the the people who study the history of science know that they stole the microscopy result from Rosaline Franklin and she didn't get anything she just died no Nobel Prize no nothing so we need to you know Donald Trump would call it fake science and we need to be careful about that okay an example where for example we have to review hypothesis Newtonian mechanics you know the one that you learn at school sum of force equal ma or equal zero for Statics and basically with this you build cars airplanes and everything we have today is made with this it's fantastic Theory beautiful Newton by the way interestingly he had writings in Hebrew and other things this is fascinating story but the question is if we go very fast or if we go very small is it still valid and we know it's not because classical mechanics if we go too small on the at the level of the atom or electrons we get into Quantum which is a completely different thing by the way it's a theory that is proven so so far not disproven but doesn't make any sense but it works and then if we go too fast relativistic meals if and then if we go too fast and too small it's even more complicated so bottom line if we are much bigger than a nanometer and we are much smaller than 300,000 km/s we are fine with Newtonian mechanics but if we approach those limits it's not valid anymore okay so that means sometimes you have some valid theories but they have a certain field where they can operate and not outside that field so here we go to Mr Darwin so there is the story of the finches by the way is a story of micro Revolution that he ex extrapolated we're going to talk about those terms in a second and it's even a legend it's not even that so bottom line if you go to Wikipedia you find his picture is like this this is this is his picture and in fact there is a is a is a nice nice story there is a little Johnny Little Johnny Goes to Daddy and uh Daddy Daddy how was Man created a little Johnny everybody knows you know there was a pond and from the pond there was a fish the fish became a lizard he became a donkey he became a monkey and then we became from the we came from the monkey oh thank you Daddy thank you Daddy and the kid goes to the mother mommy mommy how how Man was created Johnny everybody knows God created that Adam and Eve and then they had children and children and Children Here we are but but mommy daddy told me that we come from the monkey Johnny Daddy was talking about his family I'm talking about mine okay so let's see what's what's the problem with Evolution what's the problem what's Darwin hypothesis I'm not calling it a theory and I will you'll understand later why I don't it's a hypothesis it's called descent with modification right in Hebrew descent with modification from a common ancestor a process in which species change and give rise to new species over many generations through natural natural selection which means survival of the fittest and given enough time millions and millions of years this process generates new species organs and body plants these variations and selections are unguided that means there's no God there's no nothing it's just happened by themselves randomly so the results of evolution are left to to chance and according to Darwinism the fittest individual survive at the expense of the weakest and by the way 80 years ago he read this book when he was in cell okay so and consequence of all this is that everything thing happens randomly in many stages over millions of years without the need of a Creator so if you read this you cannot be myam because it's it's a sta in itself so I wanted to understand scientifically what's true and what's not true because some some things of Evolutions are true we're going to try to understand what they are and so according to this the consequence the tragic consequence and this we see on our generation a tragic consequence of it that many many is just an accident or rather a series of innumerable accidents and therefore no more important than a ground worm and and that's because they're they're just made of atoms and they have 90% plus DNA the same thing so there's no difference between us and the worm and so basically the the of human being is is gone with this so everything we saw before the Precision the ear the thing goes all down to the garbage right all the all the appreciation we can have so we need to understand this and we need we we need we need to answer the in fact the said that said who is the apikoros Theos is ourselves sometimes we have doubts we see things that are terrible that happen you know we saw some terrible things this last year and sometimes we have questions we don't understand so we need to know how to answer to ourselves so let's have a look and it's such a a topic that causes serious fights this guy is a professor of physics at B State University and a very average I don't know it's not one of the top universities in the US and bottom line he was teaching a course where he was making the students think about how come all the constants of physics and chemistry are all welld designed and etc etc etc which means and he had even a his students that were drinking his words and And discussing with him and stimulating their thinking about wow it's amazing the world is an amazing place and in fact there was a professor gave him a such a hard time Professor who was some 400 km away from him he gave it such a hard time they almost fire him and they ask him to cancel his course so he wrote this book cancelled science what some aists don't want you to see and when when he says aist who is it who Jerry coin a Jewish guy a biologist that when he heard that there was a course successful that was not into into the evolution thing he gave him Sat he was almost fire this Eric heading okay and another example there was that was in 2004 there was a lawsuit of 11 parents because a school used to present both Evolution and intelligent design so they made a whole fast they brought experts and so on and then they had to write you know uh rules of how to teach and bottom line the the the holding the of the of the corrupt judge in there was teaching intelligent design in public school biology classes violates The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of because intelligent design is not science and cannot uncouple itself from its creationist and thus religious antant that you mention God in the science class in fact interestingly enough if you look at History of Science the first scientists were all religious they were all priests right science and and religion was very much together it's only Darwin and there itself one thing I want to say I heard from Ravi Something Beautiful why Dar Darwin came on the scene why hasem came sent Darwin on the scene he said something beautiful you know he came on the scene when science started to explode today we have electronic microscopes we understand science at the level that was that is unprecedented and we see M when you look at it you see the hand of a magnified much more than people could have done in the 1800s and he says if we had we didn't have a Darwin we wouldn't have be anymore because it would be so evident that there is a Creator when you look at science we needed the Darwin to bring something else so that people can make a mistake unbelievable this is avor Miller okay and it's such a Hot Topic there's sorts of cheating uh for example peel down man they found a someone brought a skull of a human with a jaw of a monkey and the whole thing was very unbelievable PE down after 40 years they figured out it was a fake the guy put them together he put them in some acids and made some heat treatments to Lo them and he kind of um C some of the teeth and things like this to make it uh legit and bottom line it was a fraud another one is the peppered moth peppered moth was this moth you know sometimes you have those kind of flies we had a lot of the suad this here I don't know why those those Mo moth that that are in there and during in England when there was the Industrial Revolution it was every dark and and polluted and so on they became black so they said there evolution in action and they have this famous picture of the moth on the tree the black moth on the tree a a scientist who studied moth for 40 years said they' never go go on trees they go only on branches they go on trunks they go on branches a bottom line it was a fake and it's and those things are still in biology books that's the wor thing hickel's embryos hickel designed embryos in a way to show Evolution but he didn't design them properly and they figured out it's a fraud but what is fascinating is that these things we know are fakes and they're still in in in biology books which by the way most of them are written by Jewish scientists kenet Miller and other things like this okay and if you look at if you start talking about intelligent design you may get in trouble there is this guy Richard Dr Richard Sternberg was a scientist at nhnh and he was the editor of proceedings of biological Society of Washington and he allowed an article by Steven Myers on intelligent design and they made his life so impossible he had to resign within six months so his career was was finished and in fact you may Wonder in the scientific World why professors don't don't protest about this in fact there is a group of professors but there are small amount why because they're afraid they're afraid because it it really it's something against the establishment I want to show you one example that is unbelievable so usually only full professors take a risk to disagree I was promoted full Professor not too long ago and now I can talk about this I didn't dare to do it for a long time um so the the story is there's this professor Michael Bei he is proponent of intelligent designing he wrote beautiful books very scientist and he works at Le University not one of the top universities but look at this on his website he has a disclaimer this basically says um This research that we doing is the one of my lab my department is not agreeing with me and the university does not agree with me imagine you work in a company it says my boss doesn't like what I'm doing and my company doesn't like what I'm doing but I'm here nobody can fire me this is what it works right this is this is what's going on okay ra MOS aik zal uh he wrote a fantastic fantastic fantastic book and in fact I was to attend his latest last I think it was the last time he made this seminar on uh on this and he gave me on on on on on the book of it and I learned so much from him and I want to show you something from his book that is so amazing when you think about this let's have a look he says there are two critical points of confusion Point number one contrary to proper belief nobody disagrees about the existence of very high levels of design fun complexity and specified information in the living world will present evidence of this and point number two so everybody agrees that everybody agrees the ear is super complicated right nobody says Ah it's p no no everybody agrees that second contrary to proper belief nobody disagrees with the argument from design including every atheist and skeptic in the world it means he said the suit proved the ex existence of the Sailor a poem the existence of a poet and the watch the existence of a watchmaker and the suits poems and watches don't make themselves and in fact there is no one who disagrees with the fundamental laws of physics and mathematical probability that are behind the truth of these propositions so the question is where do they disagree if they don't disagree on the complexity and don't disagree that things don't make by themselves where do they disagree well he says this he says the point of Divergence is that the atheist or non-believer argues that the argument from design cannot be applied to the world of living systems that it does not apply to the design observed in theing organisms so for some reason design applies everywhere except in there so let's have a look one thing I want to clarify and this is one of the most important slides on this topic uh people say Evolution and with Evolution they explain everything they explained the Big Bang origin of life and no no hold on a second there are different things and I want to clarify the terms one is called origin of life you may have heard about the experience of URI Miller he took some gases and exploded them and he found one Amo acid and he said you see from there you can have a mixture and you can get life from it so basically it's like saying I make an explosion in a junkyard and I find One Nail I say you see I can make an airplane from this right okay that was the that was the thing that's called origin of Life the second is called macro Evolution the one that we see you know the fish becomes a lizard and becomes a monkey and becomes a man and then there is something called micro Evolution like for example you know different space of cine or or other things we're going to talk about this so I want to start with the micro evolution the micro evolution is the one that is true to some extent and in fact organisms can adapt and can in a limited way evolve example antibiotics with antibiotics you see examples of of microevolution I want to show you one example of microevolution that I found very interesting I don't know if you know this guy this is a very nice guy but uh but we cannot say he is a very fit guy okay so let's send him to ghost to do two years of bodybuilding and after two years of bodybuilding we find out that he became like this okay so are we saying that he evolved well that's micro Evolution you know I can practice piano for five years and I become a concert uh pianist and I have Micro evolved no new organs no new nothing it's just micro Evolution I stay in the sun too long and I have a dark skin and my kids will have dark skin micro evolution in fact let's see let's see one thing but because even in micro micro Evolution we need to be think careful about mistakes in thinking let's take one example DDT and mosquitoes when they came up with DDT and insecticide it killed all the mosquitoes and then suddenly they reappeared and they put the DDT again and it was a little less effective and then they came back again and it was even less effective oh you see they they evolved so now let's have let's think about the possible options one option is it adaptation genetic mutation that's one option right we can say one option is that but think about this couldn't it be just the elimination of of the weak so on mosquitoes you have strong mosquitoes and weak mosquitoes right when you put the DDT you are killing all the weak mosquitoes and the the strong the few strong remain with with a few strong we have strong kids right and so the next generation will be stronger then you do it again you again eliminate the weak so you get so at the end you end up with so there was a short guy with mustach 8 years ago who wanted everybody to Tall Blond blue eyes right you remember this guy well let's assume he had his way and then you look at the f record then you see there were a bunch of tall guys fat guys nice guy and then after that all blonde blue eyes oh Evolution no Evolution it just killed everybody else right so that that's that's one interpretation so we need to be careful about this and the third is what is called EP epigenetics is an interesting uh new science that basically says that in the DNA you have parts that can activate or not activate themselves and can be even transmitted through reproduction so it's something that is already programmed in us who made us with already the programs ready in case something needs to be done unbelievable so and in fact it's supported even by G if you look at the gar you remember the story of H the guy who wanted to make him angry on Shabbat and H where's H where's I have questions I have questions one of the questions was why are the tudan eyes stretched and he answered because they live among the Sands so when you live among the Sands you have wind you don't want the sand in your eyes so you you squint your eyes so they squint squint squint the eyes and ended up being a population of squinted eyes that's micro Evolution no new organ no new body part no nothing and then he said why the feet of the Africans are wide because they live in the middle of the marshes so what does it mean so it's good to have large feet to to swim right so that's what that's not a problem so these are examples of micro Evolution we don't have any problem with that micro Evolution now remember I said to you a hypothesis can become a the can become a theory if you don't have any St against it anything against it right so is micro micro evolution true well let's have a look so first of all we need the missing links we need the we we never found despite 150 years of digging millions and millions of fossils we never found a single series that makes any sense not a single one not a single series that makes any sense um and even the ones that they say make sense really they don't make sense when you look scientifically very very carefully about it second something called their irreducible irreducible complexity the guy I showed you before Michael beeh is the one who came up with this irreducible complexity is a concept where basically an a system cannot work without all its parts and any of its parts doesn't doesn't doesn't make any use on its own for example we have a cardiovascular system and we have a respiratory system and the two work together we breathe we oxygenate the Sun the blood and the blood circulates Etc can you imagine for for millions of years we didn't have a respiratory system only cardiovascular system system and after 100 million years we had also the respiratory doesn't make any sense doesn't make any sense there are things for example coagulation of the blood is something like a dozen of enzimatic processes on Cascade one after the other and you need all of them to happen and if one of them is missing a guy who has a scratch will die by by losing all his blood because you need all of them to be there so that's called irreducible complexity That's goes completely against Evolution cuz there's no Evolution it's something that should have been there from day one third inversion of geological layer layers you need to find GE from a geological perspective the evolution should show that there is complex species on the surface and then the more you dig down the more simple the species are because they were simple and then they evolved into complex and we find everything upside down sometimes the complex down and even there's another one called camine explosion is it's a layer of very short geological time in geological timings and they there you have hundreds of complex and simple organisms that appear at the same time exactly against the by the way when they discover this they hid this for 40 years and after that they rediscovered then because it's a big promise for evolutionist this thing this is a proof total against Evolution complexity of DNA when when Darwin came up with this idea which by the way he was kind of honest in the sense he said it's hypothesis we need to prove this and this and we never proved it but we made it true anyway way uh the the complexity DNA is like 100 million pages of the rich encyclopedia in terms of instructions and when they said you know we need 5.4 billion years for the evolution and things like this they thought that the cell was a protoplasm there was nothing special in that now the DNA is breaking everything because and We Know by the way the DNA is like a computer program and computer program there are laws very well defined on a computer program when you do a modification random the chance of improving with program is zero right and when you apply this you need that you have a problem another thing probability of growing even a single organ is practically zero so one thing that really makes me upset is that uh in the field of medicine when they publish for example a a a a new drug is it effective or not they have some very very strict statistical standards to to to prove that it's effective or it was not a placebo or it was not this Etc but when it comes to evolution I have a thing that I can say yeah it has a chance in 10 to the power of 200 to happen and then it's fine the paper will be published hold on a second it's like saying if I tell you that I for a year I'm going to buy one lottery ticket of all the lotteries that go on on the world I'm going to win them all with one ticket of all you're saying impossible right but this is much less probability than what they're publishing out there so how come this is this is accepted and if I tell you this it's not so this is something then and people usually you know people are not going to go and look at the scientific papers to understand this but when you go when you do you will figure out that there is this going on all these problems L have led to several modifications of the initial hypothesis now the point Evol the punct punctuated evolution of Steven J gold and then then then they call it Neo Darwinism and they don't even know we don't even know exactly where they are in terms of modification of the initial hypothesis because every time there's a problem with that vestigal organs vestigal organs appendix we take out the appendix right they figured out right now the appendix is a is is a is a fights infections and also it's a it's a good place for some very beneficial bacterias to be there and they found out that people that had the appendix taken out they suffer from some diarrhea thing and other thing like this that otherwise they wouldn't have and and there was a scientist one came and he presented this picture you see the tail baby with a tail and they made a whole thing and he argued and so on didn't know that the the the image was photoshopped so then after that he apologized for the image photosho but he continued keeping his point that the the cocky is is a is a vestigal organ and so on when I was little you know I had some problem with the with the throat and then I found myself in the hospital taking the tonsils out and give some ice cream after that I remember I had a very nice um thing with the stickers of dinosaurs things right uh and uh and this is what they were doing today we don't do it anymore we realize that that that the tonsils have a certain function right junk DNA they there are some parts of DNA that they don't understand so they say have they have no function this is one thing we need to be careful this when I don't know something I should say I don't know something I should not say it's useless if I don't know what it is for I don't know what it is for but maybe one day we'll figure out what it's for so many times theyve said this is junk DNA and they figured out they thought the junk DNA was a certain percentage this percentage has been shrinking and shrinking and shrinking shrinking over time uh and then another thing when you talk about this according to Darwin uh there are things that are accidents like for example wings wings is an accident how can they grow wings so it's already a freaky accident that there that for example one species grow wings but when you grow across different species that's even more weird for example insects and mammals M bats are mammals insects and birds the three have wings so you had the same accident happening across three species and then there are so many circular reasoning cherry picking of data for example they have a bunch of data you know there's a joke they say in science they say typical results you know what typical results means I did the experiments 200 times it worked three times I I take one of those three and I say typical results right it's it's this is called cherry picking circular reasonings so for example homology homology means when you look for example at the hand or the leg of an animal or the wing they have kind of similar type of of Bones even though arranged start so they say homology can be defined in terms of common ancestry because we had common ancestry therefore we have homology and then just on the same sentence they say an homology is used as an Evidence of common ancestry so this is circular reasoning so you see ancestry is because we have ancestry we have homology and homology is the proof of in the same sentence of the same G Biology book and then what I call the H intra hypothesis contradictions so for those who learn gar uh for example we say that evolution is a very slow process over millions of years and we save survival of the pest but when you think about this it doesn't make any sense imagine a fish and he grows one leg and this do you think a fish with a leg is the fittest miscan a fish with a leg is a skin and then he has to wait another 100 million years for another leg and then another what is this nonsense ra D Miller says it's like you have cats and they don't have the there's no there's pus coming out for for the little cats no no milk and then for hundred millions of years they are sucking pus and then eventually know Evolution makes it it becomes what is this nonsense you have a between a very slow proces and and by the way in chemistry many times a slow process doesn't help uh in in here so too many contradictions for calling it The Theory that's why micro Evolution so far is disproven origin of life is even worse is and life one thing it is by the way when they say Evolution shows origin of life this is this is where it's it gets really out of hand because list this is an this is quotes from evolutionists Life must have preceded Evolution we know much more about Evolution than about the origin of life that means that Evolution cannot explain origin of Life Evolution starts after origin of life so you cannot say Evolution explains orig so this is the misnomer so when they say this it's total nonsense they think people are stupid and people unfortunately don't pay much attention to this and this we need to be attention and listen to this this is another evolutionist a succession of extremely improbable passages is essential for the origin of life this makes the final result almost like a miracle cannot say it's a miracle it's almost he's not the first Francis Crick by the way I told you that he stole the microscopy from Rosaline Franklin so listen to this sentence an honest man so an honest man an honest man AR with the knowledge available to us can only say that in a certain sense the origin of Life appears at this moment to be almost a miracle right again he's almost a miracle um by the way he came out at the end of his life he came up with a with a paper on panspermia meaning that they are extraterrestrial beings then that brought life on Earth and they always almost did not accept the paper but can can you refuse a paper of a nobble prize like Francis Crick so they accepted the paper to to show you how but not everybody's agreeing there's a professor Jim tour at R University very strong chemist I know him personally and he criticized those public scientists that and he says it is clear chemists and biologists are ignorant and he's challenging them big times so there's a but the problem is to understand him I I don't understand all the chemistry is doing it's very very very Advanced chemistry and he's basically destroying them okay so bottom line origin of life is nonsense but let's see a little more Professor Harold morit of yel has calculated the probabilities that a bacterium which is the simplest living organism can assemble in itself it's one in 10 to the power of 100 billion one in 10 okay now I want you to understand in the entire universe we are estimating that there are 10 to the power 10 to the power of 82 atoms right and I want to what is one to the 10 or power 100 Millions I want to show it to you a real life demonstration I'm going to have now a program I did a program it will write for you 100 zeros per second are you ready ready 3 2 1 go 0. 0 here we go 100 Z seconds we're going to go to 100 billion right well I stopped it why I stopped it so I cannot I there's no room for writing them all for first of all I wrote only 600 zeros only 600 not 100 billion why I didn't write 100 billion cuz otherwise rer would be very upset because it would take something like 32 years to write 100 billion zeros at 100 zeros per second okay so you understand the logic you understand how and this is for a bacterium right not for for a human being this is for the simplest form of life and and and universities Keep On hiring people for just proving that origin of life can be done without the Creator so anyway this was uh this was what I presented I there is a website where I have done a lot of uh videos on different site of science things of science it just has a little problem is you need to learn French before it's called Torah box and uh but that I have a couple of videos that are in English and if someone is interested in being video editor or helping to kind of redo this series in English please talk to me of course after you have given all the money to first after that if you have extra money after M Lo then then we can talk uh and and very important people are watching my videos I want to show you even people went to learn French to just see my video look oh the thing doesn't work okay so anyway he's uh he's watching my videos um who is he who is he b b this B that's BB you know yeah he learned French for this so we as a professor I had to say something fake at the end so we know it's a mad it's a mad world there's crazy things going on but when we see that there is plan on purpose like ra D Miller says there is plan and purpose in everything s that in every aspect of recreation we understand that it's a wonderful world so thank you Hashem toat to everybody and now would say and and and questions on any subject but I put a provisor with not no guarantee that I can answer and if you are interested there's this email which is Magic because it works in French and in English science 613 Miracles gmail.com or gmail.com okay ah yeah