A Covenant That Has Transcended the Millennia - Rabbi Steven Weil

torah there's going to be programming and you'll see that in in terms of after we finish minha there'll be a program on rabbi who was with the liberating troops of buchenwald and trying to bring back to life the survivors of buchenwald and later in the day is a film and the life of menachem began particularly his whole career was driven by the fact of what happened to his family he was one of those rare unique individuals that decided to go east into the soviet land and just to keep in mind you have to understand if you're a jew in world war ii your whole perspective is world war one the soviet soldiers were barbarians they were monsters they were animals the german soldiers were dignified were respectable and most jews stayed in poland most jews stayed in white russia stayed in lithuania bagan went east and he survived but he was haunted as all survivors were by the fact that he was unable to help his family to enable his family to survive and that drove him it drove him as a jewish leader it drove him as a jewish role model and he impacted all of us so the film on his life will be taking place here at qatar torah later today i want to thank as well as howard and rabbi baum who really are our role models to all of us i want to thank the sponsors for today from the shul diane and dr michael feintuck and their family who are commemorating the york side of michael's grandfather david labe and schmuel zelig david budman and we want to thank our friends rochelle and phil goldschmidt phil as you know is the leader of the pro-israel community here at and in teaneck and together with rochelle they're commemorating the york side of phil's mother lana bass yehuda hakoen elizabeth goldschmidt zejrona livraja we also want to thank our good friends richard and deborah parkhoff each and every year they sponsor this program is tens of thousands of of jews on five continents each and every year learn study together the kinos whether i wine rip this year in israel was rabbi roll and together with us at katatora here in america we're studying and learning and growing and hopefully the experience of reliving and re-experiencing the tragedies through that cathartic experience tish above will be a day of growth it will be a catalyst for chuva and ultimately will come to an end the suffering the sorrow that this nation has suffered over the last two millennia you know the way that we experience pesach seder night it starts out about being a history lesson about avocenu about what our progenitors went through in mitzrayim but there's a transition in the market where it's no longer about avoceno but because of a door in each and every generation the rambam says to demonstrate we say lyros to relive to re-experience and that's what we do we relive and we re-experience seder night as as if we were leaving egypt as if the liberation was happening to each and every one of us that's what happens today today right now we're not talking about history we're reliving the tragedies we're at the funerals khazal have this phrase meso mutto the fun of the dead is lying before us is that okay the dead is lying before us what's happening is we're reliving whether it's the hurb of the six million whether it's what happened in 1648 to 1653 in the ukraine and poland in parts of greater poland whether it's what happened in yerushalayim in 70 in the aftermath the genocide of the aftermath of the barakah revolt in the 130s or whether it's what happened in the khurban rishon and that's what we'll be doing throughout the day we're going to start with the two kinos that we say from the shoah from the hurban the reason why we're starting there is many years we never get there we run out of time and it would be inappropriate and wrong on this day of tragedy of reliving and re-experiencing the pain if we don't at least we experience the greatest tragedy that happened in all of jewish history so i have the rabbi salvation kingdoes it's page 620 621 those who have the art scroll it's the kin of rav schwab it's at the end after elizi own the kinder that rosh rob wrote if someone can call out the page when you get there what page 386 in the art school hazokharmaskirov from the time that we were chosen to be a unique distinct nation from the time we were chosen to be the almighty's partners in the transformation in the transformation of the destiny of humanity nothing has happened like to our people like this yi scored deron that which happened in the last generation that literally the deluge of blood over those who sacrifice their lives the depths of the tears if you please god never ever forget that see that before you bart israel the best of the tribes of israel eidos the communities are immunos the cities the towns the stentos any of you have been have any of you been to yad vashem to the valley of the communities what do you have there it's a maze it's a maze in which the goal is to get lost you have for instance western galicia so inscribed in the limestone you'll have the large cities like croco and tarnov and then you'll have smaller towns then you'll have little stettles you'll have that with germany you have that with lithuania sorry you'll have that with latvia eastern galicia poland proper where the large cities like lublin or lodge or warsaw and then smaller towns sasnovits chenstekhovya and then villages and what happens you get lost now what's the experience supposed to accomplish you realize thousands of jewish communities in some of those communities there wasn't one survivor who survived see you and i we have a very difficult time relating to 6 million it's a number that is so uncomprehensible but if you know of a town or you know of a village or this city or this community you take for instance tarnov taranov was central galicia there were probably about 65 000 residents of tarnov and some of where between 40 and 45 000 of the 60 actually was 66 000 the two-thirds were jews our friend jerry weinreich is sitting here someone that he grew up with a survivor in memphis by the name of mr diamond mr diamond she was good friends with with jerry's parents he shared with me there were gareth hasidim alexander hasidim there were mizrahim there were litvish when i say lit fish i mean polish literatures yeshivish there were every type of jew you could imagine every type of shule you could imagine every type of steel you could have imagined and the tunes that they sang shalom aleichem to are the tunes that they sang doti to tarnov was it encapsulated to a great degree european germany less than 400 less than less than one percent of tarnov jewry survived it's all gone that city that was so rich and filled with every dimension and aspect of jewish learning of jewish intellectual life of jewish cultural life gone you multiply that by a thousand that's what schwab is talking about here that's what reshape is saying a dosa quehilos mosados that that my tear ducts would just be a niagara falls it would just pour down te radhna inayama el ashto's i'll i'll fail off him the thousands upon thousands goofing this roughing we don't even have a grave to go to to say a calamalera to say a kaddish to know their name because they were all burnt there's nothing left the masters of the torah many of you have been to kavanaugh kavanaugh which was the capital of lithuania because vilna at that time was under polish control and in independent lithuania yet kavanaugh is a capital you do two incredible yeshivas there it was a suburb of kavanaugh by the name of slobodka sobatka was fascinating it was a very jewish suburb there wasn't one church in all of slovakia and what were the two yeshivas the kinesis base israel named after israel solanter the altar of slovakia the survivors of that yeshiva built torah in america revyakov kamanetsky rivera and cutler rav hutner reviews berlin ruderman nary israel the majority of torah that was created in america came from the survivors of that yeshiva those who had left early enough who had been able to get out there was another yeshiva kinesis base yitzhak named after the great rabbi yitzhak khan inspector yeshiva university wheats rabbi yitzoka khan inspector theological seminary the basitzhak inspector was a rev of kavanaugh and they named the yeshiva after him and the great barack obama the great student from khaim salah he was the rashashiva of that yeshiva so you had these two great institutions that would have shaped all of european jewry wiped out because the communists took over in june 22nd i apologize what i said is wrong september 1st 1939 there was a pack between stalin and hitler it's known as the molotov von ribentrop pact von ribentrop was the foreign minister of the ss i'm sorry of the nazi regime he actually was one of the defendants at nuremberg and you had molotov representing joseph stalin that's as in the molotov cocktail and what they did was because hitler knew he couldn't have a war on two fronts he's going to have a war from the french and the british he can't survive with the war against the russians so they made a deal russia to get out of world war one had given up territory that was part of czarist russia lithuania latvia estonia what we call the baltic nations white russia jacob where your family is from from belarus all of that the russians took and they took the ukraine and what hitler did was they took easter they took almost all of poland the very easternmost part of poland went to stalin and went to the to the communist russia so that russia now became the great bear once again now that it regained the three baltic nations white russia ukraine and hitler just expanded his empire by conquering almost all of poland okay so during that time now that the communists control the baltics and white russia one of the things they did was they prevented jewish education they shut down all the yeshivas and many of these russia yeshiva and many of the talmidim they literally were on the run they went to places where it wasn't their building where they would be a target so for instance baranovich boronovich which is in white russia was one of the greatest high schools there ever wore the greatest messiftas who is the rosh yeshiva rabbi khan and wasserman he flees with his students to kavanagh and they're operating in functioning and learning in kavanaugh in 1941 june 22nd 1941 after hitler breaks the pack with stalin they go into the baltic nations they go into white russia they go into lithuania they go into latvia they conquer these areas there's a group in lithuania radically radically anti-semitic it's known as the lithuanian free army the lfa today they make these men to heroes there are statues named after them there are streets named after them city halls named after them they go town by town and in the summer of 1941 they literally eradicate all of lithuanian jewry those of you who've been to the holocaust memorial in washington know there's a permanent permanent exhibit that was created by dr yaffa eliach dr yaffa eliach is from a town called ashish asia shook had a jewish community for 800 years a community in lithuania and in two days was annihilated all that was left of lithuanian jewry were three ghettos the vilna ghetto the kovner ghetto and the chavo ghetto the chavos was those were three big communities many of you know the name rabbi dr david katz an incredible historian he's he has a ravi he's a ravi as a shul in baltimore many of you listen to his podcast he's a professor at john hopkins so his father was it was a talmud from chavo of the vilna ghetto of the shovel ghetto of the kaufman you know maybe ten percent of those ju not even maybe eight percent of them survived the ghetto what are the chances of you surviving from 1941 to 1944 when the russians liberated lithuania maybe ten maybe seven eight percent so we have very few survivors at the beginning of the covenant ghetto they were looking for rabbis they were looking for figures and the greatest of them all rebecca wasserman they took him out him and his students and they took them to an area called the seventh fort and they shot him they murdered him and this was true of most of the tamir when the germans would come out into a town in poland remember the the notion of of the execution of polish jewry didn't start till march of 1942. between 1939 when the germans entered poland in march of 42 22 000 polish jews had been killed now that's an exorbitant amount in our mind but relative to 6 million that's nothing but you know of those twenty two thousand who was killed they took the rabbunim they would take the rabbi of the town they would take the rabbi and murder him give you a simple example at that time in history there was no such thing as a television or an iphone how did anybody see the news 1939 how did anybody see the news so if you were in america you went to the movie theater and between the two films it was always a double feature there would be something called movie tone news the way anyone would see the news is they went to the movie theater to watch the news that's how you saw it in germany under joseph goebbels the minister of propaganda and his partner dr yulia streicher they had a whole department of the nazi party they took german filmmakers who were nazis and they conveyed the news that's how you would see those pseudo-scientific experiments the jews and gypsies are not really human beings these are animals just by the way the speaker went off and the shul speaker went off it's good okay they're animals they would compare them to rats they would show the hooked nose of a jew to the hook nose of a rat they would show the spine of an aryan and compare that to the spine of a jew which was a in german a bugle like a hunchback jews have fat guts hook knows they're not human beings they're these quasi-human being that's a cancer why is it a cancer because when they breed amongst us that was remember the last piece of legislation in germany with the nuremberg laws of 1934 which prohibited someone from marrying a michelin someone who who had jewish blood in them because it's a cancer that metastasizes throughout the german people so you had these movies in early in i'm sorry in late 39 after the german invasion okay after the german invasion in late they go to lublin we're going to talk about him in a few minutes odelia odilio globochnik he was a monster this man was a a monster not a human being he oversaw the lublin district so they went to the yeshiva lublin many of you know what is the yeshiva khachme lublin it was the greatest torah institution in all of poland the church the the famous of mayor shapiro he spent his life fundraising to give them a yeshiva that would have a dormitory that would feed the young men so they wouldn't have to scrounge around finding families to feed them you know this family will feed you on tuesday and this one on wednesday no there was a dormitory with a kitchen jews from all over europe dedicated their libraries their safari it was one of the greatest torah libraries in the history of the jewish people what did the germans do they shut down the yeshiva the russia shiva we call them the eritsvi aryatzvi frommer was an incredible talmud we study his works till this day they murdered him most of the talmudim were murdered they took out the library and they created a bonfire in the courtyard of the yeshiva and they had the film crews they had the film crews and the germans in germany and in austria were watching this on the news they would see the footage of this the destruction of the yeshiva lublin and why were they proud of this because this is the institution that's going to produce the leadership of world jewry this is the institution that's going to produce the rabbanim the rabbis the educators who are going to take the jews to the future to the next generation we have to stop that we have to prevent this cancer from metastasizing and how do we shut it down we destroy the educational institution imagine today someone shutting down lakewood or shutting down the mirror or shutting down the yeshiva university or shutting down near israel that's what it would in in taking all this foreign and killing the students and killing the russia yeshiva this was their glory and that's what rabb schwab is referring to al-sarai torah mahazik masar those who are mekhazek the mesorah the tradition what we call the young gohan what we you and i would call the young students in the yeshiva who are going to be the future of the jewish world al hosheim midrashos mori memorials the ones who are going to produce the teachers do you understand in poland alone there were fifty thousand girls attending basiaco school schools all across poland fifty thousand students in the base yakov movement it was probably the greatest educational movement that we have had until modern day but it's one thing today where you have government's funding education the which she started in krakow it spread she just passed away this year in her in her mid 90s fella chappelle many of you are familiar with the chappelle family from darkheinoam and midri rachael yeshiva from from the holocaust museum from yad vashem fella grew up in a town is jews in yiddish we called ausbitzin in polish ashvention in german auschwitz it's a very significant jewish town a very high jewish percentage of of residents there in in western galicia and when the austro-hungarian empire controlled galicia they would go to school public school learn in german and then after public school the girls would go to the basey on cove and the boys would go to the hyder and then after world war one when poland conquered when when there was a reconstitution of poland which didn't exist from the 1770s till till after world war one they went to public school and learned in polish and then the girls after public school would go to the base yankov and the boys would go to the heider so you had towns and villages and cities like this all across poland and they're gone it's all gone wiped out what do i mean wiped out let me just use numbers professor sal friedlander he says you had in the early 30s and mid-30s you had three and a half million jews in poland it was the largest concentration of jews on earth because of where things were going in europe when the war started in september 1st 1939 when hitler attacked poland there were 3.3 million jews and 39. around we don't have exact numbers but these are very fair assumptions around three hundred thousand fled to the soviet areas fled east of those three hundred thousand close to half survived most most of them just died of starvation in places like siberia but half survive the war what about the three million poland polish jews that remained in poland at most he says at most five thousand survived he thinks it was closer to we don't have exact numbers he thinks around twenty five twenty seven thousand but he says that most one percent of polish jewry survived whole towns were annihilated do you understand one percent survived this was the heart of judaism this was the heart of ashkenazic jewry gone decimated tinocos base rabanyakirim the precious children school children one and a half million of the six million were children if you've ever read the biography of rudolph hirsch he was the commandant of auschwitz he was tried and he was executed in a polish court i think in 47 something like that now after his trial while he was waiting for his execution they were trying to appeal it he wrote a biography now that biography you understand in autobiography i apologize an autobiography you understand it's biased because it's the world according to him but there's there's a couple of descriptions that he gives that are extremely powerful one of them when s.s oberstampur adolph when he comes to auschwitz and hearst describes to him they would take literally groups of hundreds of children and these little children are crying and pleading for their life and their the germans with the butts of their rifles are cramming them into a gas chamber okay and there was a term i apologize i can't pronounce it properly in german but there's a term that's called like where you're shaking at the knees he says eve he turned to aichmann and he says even we the ss the most loyal of nazis who are overseeing this great enterprise of auschwitz burka now we get that state where we shake at the knees hearing the cries of the children and ahman says to him nonsense don't even think that way he said what do you want that you should have compassion on the children he says it would undermine everything we're doing what do you think will happen you let them live and they'll grow up they'll take vengeance on us the whole purpose is to annihilate this people to to snuff out its future the greatest most holy component of this mission is the eradication of the children and hearse writes this in his autobiography as he's waiting to be executed one and a half million children that's what schwab is referring to when he talks about tinocochobase rapa albanos saving the sabbaths the elderly there was no respect for the jewish elderly al zaram the top she aldu gamla rabbos revolts they were beloved in their life and in their death they shall not be divided as damam derose please god seek out the blood kisa as rosh when you count the number shall call nidaf all those who were killed be made chevroshes during that time shisha al-fayed of him six thousand times ten thousand shilishi alavar third of the jewish world vivrak zam sower mikarme these were the finest of your orchards gol hadam please the one who redeems all blood sarah please remember their pain their sour their affliction and never ever eradicate that never ever erase that from the book that you have written remember each and every cry and moan virus as you lularetzak as they were brought to their murder you already di mayhem the rivers of their blood the demos beneath the rivers and streams of the tears that they shed losing may that never ever be forgotten any shriek any groan in the heed sarika any cry mishtude from the barking of the dog zuchorus binodhats roar please remember and count each and every cry in each and every tier put them in your vessel in your container at ace nikom el bona luvem until the time will come for the the justice and the vengeance of what happened to them the camps of the barbarians cave negoyam the kind of pain and affliction gumos the humiliation they were spit on pizze hakos the beatings of you know it talks about starvation vitsimone you know what that is take my thousand my thousand was in in austria as you know you know what the average life expectancy was in mott housing six weeks they had this incredible deep quarry and they quarried stone there and as the jews would would go up those steps if you weren't carrying the boulders from the quarry up the steps fast enough the nazis pushed you off the quarry and you fell to your death most people they just they the caloric intake was maybe four or 500 at most calories a day in some cases it was 300 calories a day and they just worked them to their death the average life expectancy of a slave laborer jewish slave laborer in my thousand was six weeks in auschwitz birkenau it was ten weeks unless you were working in a bunk like canada where you could get food from the suitcases as you were going through the packages unless you were working in a place like canada in auschwitz especially think about in in the winter in poland in these work camps 10 weeks was the life expectancy and that's why they fed you three 400 calories they worked you to death rivone simone shigon it drove people crazy tsavon the call now khalid the ashes coming out of the chimney till they till him at samos i want to read something to you this is a an obituary written by a friend a mentor of mine his name is dr michael birnbaum michael birnbaum is one of the preeminent holocaust historians today he's an incredible mensch of a human being a wonderful jew he's the one that created survivors of the shoah for steven spielberg he's the one who created the the holocaust memorial museum in washington many of you have been to belgians he was the creator of of the memorial and belgians and michael last year the very last survivor of the sunder command now understand the sunder command the special forces that was the euphemism that the germans used for this these were the eyewitnesses these were the jews who escorted their fellow jews helped them undress put them brought them into the gas chambers took out the dead bodies were involved in the incineration in the cremation of the dead bodies they're the ultimate eyewitnesses and you know every three months in auschwitz they were replaced there are very few survivors only 1.5 percent of all members of the sunder command survived and that's by each one is a unique miracle the very last member of the sunder command this past year in 2020 he he was nifter darius gabay was a young jew from salonika he was a kid from salonica was deported to auschwitz in some of the in auschwitz some of the members of the sunder command a very large percentage of them were greek jews you know why because a greek jew didn't understand german didn't understand yiddish or hungarian any of those languages so they couldn't really speak they didn't they wanted that that they couldn't speak with the people therefore they couldn't tell stories and the other thing is they can't speak with other members other uh inmates and auschwitz whether they're jewish or gentile inmates because who's going to understand greek the famous bombing and destruction of the second of the gas chambers and crematorium auschwitz gas chamber and crematoria ii that was done by greek jews they knew they weren't going to survive but they wanted to destroy the the gas chamber so that it wouldn't kill others so darius gabay was the last survivor he died at 97 years old last year and i want to read just just one one piece of background you know when we suffered in spain before 1492. in 1391 in spain there were these terrible terrible pogroms led by a rabidly anti-semitic dominican friar the dominican friars were the ones who really controlled everything his name was vincent ferreira they started in march in in sevilla in seville sevilla southern spain and they worked their way up north in these pogroms throughout from 1391 it devastated spanish jewry you know 1492 was the funeral of spanish jewry the death of spanish jewelry was 1391 was 100 years earlier so i had the honor of being with nathan we were in barcelona there were no jews in barcelona the last hundred years of spanish jewry after 1391 it was over anyone who wasn't killed or forcibly converted they fled where did most of the catalonian jews when i say barcelona when i say girona that whole northeastern spain the dialect is different i'll give you an example how do you pronounce the city girona you say girona hellona depends if you're a spanish or you're a catalonian i'll use an analogy like you have in canada in quebec you know they always want to succeed they're always voting to secede till this day the catalonians they look down they view the spaniards as lazy they view them as second class the catalonians you know they're the ristiga you know they're they're they're much more educated much more sophisticated so they're always trying to secede from spain but you should know bar the great jewish community barcelona didn't exist after 1391. where did most of those catalonian jews catalonian jews go they found respite in the ottoman empire in the ottoman empire at that time it wasn't called the ottoman empire but at that time greece was under turkish or ottoman control and they settled in a port city by the we call you know they used to refer to it as thessaloniki thessaloniki or what what today in english we call salonica it was an incredible city the jews controlled the ports meaning the the import export merchants those were jews the stevedores the guys who worked on the docks those were jews you talk about vertical integration the ports were closed on champis it was one of the world's largest port city and it was the tombs the zombie road the zemiros that you're saying friday night those were the old catalonian tunes the new such of the tfila it was catalonian it was how the jews were david in barcelona and girona and it was a rich rich community it was a really special jewish community you had gedolim there you had a richness to the jewish life things turned when greece seceded and it was no longer there was a breakdown after world war one of even before world war one of the ottoman empire and now you have a reconstitution of greece so what happened was the greeks were very anti-semitic extremely anti-semitic and life became very very difficult and some of these people actually traveled to palestine and settled in israel most of them stayed and in the year 1943 when the germans come and to greece and you talk about the evil of the germans you had these small little islands curfew and roads all these small little islands it's not worth their time they spent huge amounts of money manpower going on to these small greek islands to find every little jew who's living in curfew every little jews living in rhodes or every little jews living on this island you know how many hundreds of greek islands there are santorini and this one and that one and they're gathering up all of these jews and shipping them to auschwitz that's the backdrop of this of his story dario gabai 97 the last of the sunder commando and this was published in the los angeles times who are the sunder commando those prisoners who were forced to work in the vicinity of the gaz chambers born in salonika on september 2nd 1922 gabai was the son of an italian father victor or ghayam and a greek mother rosa baracha gabai his mother was traditional deeply immersed in the intense svardic culture of the city salonika whose ports were closed on the shabbos until world war one was called the yerushalayim of the balkans a community of some sixty five thousand jews with over forty different shul synagogues a jewish hospital and even a jewish fire brigade as a boy he played the clarinet and began a lifelong passion for athletics shortly after the nazis invaded in april 1941 the jewish community was ghettoized and most jews were deported to auschwitz in march of 43. daario he was deported a year later in march of 44 along with his parents his brothers jacob and shmuel his younger sister had died in infancy along with him for the 11 days journey from greece to auschwitz can you imagine that how much do you think they fed these jews these greek jews in 11 days you know you understand why they went to auschwitz once you got onto mainstream european territory once you get into the land mainstream europe you could reach out for auschwitz from anywhere that's why they spent all this time in norway gathering i don't i don't think there were maybe 7 000 jews in all of norway they gathered them up and once they got them on you could by rail you could reach auschwitz from anywhere in europe okay that's why auschwitz was not the death of polish jewry that we'll talk about that was operation reinhardt that was sobibor that was belgians and that was treblinka auschwitz was for the rest of european jewelry because of its access to rail and you know they referred to aikman esses obama adafi is is the desk murderer because his brilliance was he literally utilized the whole rail system of the european continent to annihilate the jews i mean by doing that he ended up killing his own german soldiers because they couldn't get provisions to the german soldiers who were getting beaten by the russians you know and on the russian front because the most important war was the annihilation of the jews and you know i think many of you may know this originally the rail it went to the sound of auschwitz and then they marched the jews from auschwitz like many of you do on the march of the living mitza they march from the town of auschwitz to to the the chamber the gas chambers in beer canal in in 44 they realize they're losing the war and the russians are gaining territory and the russians are closing in at any moment so what did they do they built tracks from the town all the way up to the gas chambers and that's the tracks that many of you have experienced that was not there originally that was only built in 44. and then they built two more gas chambers in crematoria gas chamber four and gas chamber five with crematoria and it the the the the construction the engineering of those was much more sophisticated than two and three could kill many more people and it could eradicate many more bodies at a faster rate you'll see why in a minute as we read so he was shipped in 44. by then auschwitz had been in existence for almost four years in birkenau birkenau's killing center had been operational for more than a year yet daario did not know the name auschwitz upon arrival he faced selection the old the very young women with children and those who were weak were sent to their death and only the strong survived his mother his father his brother schmoyle were sent to the crematory of beer canal daario was young seemingly strong for daario that began his lifelong obsession with physical fitness he had seen the week die day after day week after week after a short time dario and his brother jacob along with their cousins were chosen to be members of the sunder commando chosen in part because greek jews were raised in ladino not in yiddish few spoke yiddish polish or hungarian soon to become the largest population of beer canal as during some six weeks later the hungarian transports began four hundred thirty seven thousand four hundred jews on 147 trains between may 15 and july 8 1944 an average of hundred fifty jews per train some three trains each and every day eight of ten of those four hundred thirty seven thousand four hundred two jews were taken directly to the gas chambers which were then operating at full capacity even beyond capacity as on some days the jews were burned in open pits dario had his baptism by fire the sunder commando were intimate with the act of killing they observed the murderers directly closely and over a long period of time they were in the presence of the condemned in their last moments when they entered the undressing room when they lined up to go into the gas chambers and moments after they were gassed when their bodies were removed from the chambers and they were processed gold teeth were pulled inner cavities were searched for hidden valuables for wedding and other rings they were removed from fingers the hair was shorn and bundled they were the remains of the victims as those victims were burned either in open pits or in the ovens of the crematoria daario was not without guilt over his work dario said how can you have a peace of mind it is very very tough inside of us there is somebody else sunder commando were slated to be murdered after some two or three months as they have seen too much they knew too much yet because of the intensity of the killing during the summer of 44 dario and his fellow sunder commando were kept alive the chaos of the last period at auschwitz allowed him jacob and his cousin and maurice venicio to escape all but certain death dario was on the death march what the germans euphemistically called forced evacuations from auschwitz in walking in the dead of winter with temperatures well below zero and then boarding a train that was to take him to matthausen he developed an unusual strategy for getting through the endless march when if you stumbled if you rested or you paused you were shot he said quote unquote i closed my eyes and said how beautiful is athens in the spring he kept repeating it again and again how beautiful is athens in the spring soon he said i was sweating he was liberated from eben say a sub-cap of ma thousand by american soldiers on may 6 1945 two days before the end of the war he weighed less than 100 pounds only one and a half percent of the sunder commando survived few of those deported from salonika survived so he was truly in the words of ushayah navi in ud mutsam a bran plucked from the fire that's taken from his eulogy dario was featured in james moles academy award film the last days together with his cousins his return to auschwitz was featured in a film called auschwitz the last witness and in a 2010 documentary finding nico which reunited him with a roommate he married dana mitzman gabay in 1953 and their daughter rhoda was born in 1957. goodbye is survived by his daughter daario bore witness time and again he could not forget yet he fought those memories it's like a virus he said it lies dormant and then it comes back he last returned to auschwitz in 2015 on the 70th anniversary of its liberation and he walked to the crematoria with warren reingold he's saying in italian mama as a tribute to those he had lost as asunder commando he was with the remains of those who were murdered as the bones that had not been burned were crushed the ashes were accumulated and then brought to the vistula river where they were deposited in the river to flow downstream and be scattered among those ashes were dario's immediate and extended family those he knew those he loved so even in these difficult times he died during covet so professor birnbaum says we were had the privilege of burying daario and giving him a kevin israel something his loved ones had never had his body was washed and placed in shrouds we said that cal mali rachel and the kaddish recited he was at peace at last i want to read to you one other testimony between the months of march 1942 and september 1943 polish jewry was annihilated the only ones who survived polish jewry were children that were raised in a christian family and unfortunately most of those children we never ever got back most of those children ended up being raised as catholics and the only ones who survived were the jews in in the lodge ghetto the lodge ghetto under mordechai ramakovsky wanted to to save those who were healthy and strong he had hundreds of factories many of them were textile factories because lodge was an incredible textile center it was a textile center for all of europe but these jews were producing uniforms for the germans they were producing armaments they're producing all kinds of goods and materials for the germans and that's why they were kept all the way till august of 1944 because they had a value to the war effort for the germans as the germans realizes the russians are closing in the russians are liberating polish territory by by the day they ship the last remaining members of the lodge ghetto jerry weinreich's mother and father were amongst those they were taken and deported to auschwitz jerry's parents survived most didn't but my point is no one do we have as survivors of belgians or sobibor what do i mean belgians which annihilated galician jewry western galicia which is the area around krakow the the all these small communities that were influenced by the noah meli melech of lugensk his talmidam the rap you know the naftali ruptutzer all these towns and villages eastern galicia where you had in german they called it lemberg the vienna of the east lev today it's in the ukraine it's called lev but at that time was poland all of galicia tarnov and krakow and lavab annihilated in belgians only two jews survived belgians of a quarter of a million there are only two survivors a man by the name of hayam hirschmann in 1946 as he's on his way to a polish court to testify he was murdered one of only two survivors of belgium he was murdered the survivor rudolph redder rudolph redder was a chemist he had a soap factory in lava he he was brought by some of the ss because they were buying supplies and while the ss men were talking to these pretty polish girls he he ran away and he escaped he's the only jew that survived most of what we know of belgians which wiped out which annihilated galician jewry most of what we know comes from germans from nazis who were there the most important testimony other than rhetor that we have i want to read to you it's from a man by the name of kurt gerstein kurt gerstein was a chemist in germany and the nazis took him to try to improve on treblinka in sobibor and in belgians to try to improve upon that they wanted him to expedite to make it more functional as a killing factory so you and i think of auschwitz where zyklon b was used zyklon b killed almost everyone they choked to death within 15 minutes but in treblinka and sobibor and in in belgians they had these big diesel trucks they had big diesel engines and they pumped the diesel fumes the fumes carbon monoxide fumes from the diesel engines into the into the gas chambers it was a much worse death you're talking 30 35 minutes till people literally gasping for air can you imagine choking to death for 35 minutes and they brought gerstein there now gerstein was so horrified by this he wrote down what he saw and he sent it to the to the vatican's emissaries in in parts of europe one of the studies that we're looking to see now that the vatican has been opened up and that they're going into the files of pope pius xii historians his and we have documentation i'm going to read you his documentation that was sent to them what was it given to the pope did pope pius know what was happening in what it's clear that that the church officials had this information that we know questions what did they do with this after the war because you know he was conscripted into the ss as a chemist he was in incarceration he was murdered by other nazis who were in jail with him before he testified he was going to testify and they murdered him but we have his what he wrote and what he sent to the world after experiencing this and i want this is the last piece that i'm going to be reading probably for the next four hours but i'd rather than me say it i'd rather you hear it in his words i made a thorough inspection of all these camps referring to the three death camps treblinka sobibor and belgium belgians accompanied by christian worth christian worth was the commandant to oversaw belgians then treblinka the head of all these death factories earlier worth had been put in charge by hitler and by himmler of the murder of the mental cases at hadamard and grafennek in various other places odilee globlachnik he's the monster who was the head of the lublin district he said the following you will have to disinfect large quantities of clothing 10 or 20 times the quantity resulting from the collection of clothing and textile articles which is only being done to obscure the source of the clothing taken away from jews your other duty will be to improve the service of our gas chambers which function on diesel engine exhaust what is wanted is a much more toxic gas that works faster such as prusik acid prusic acid is the main component in cyclone b the furor and himbler they were here on august 15th that is the day before yesterday and they instructed me to act as personal escort to those who have reason to view these establishments professor fanenster steele then asked but what did the fuhrer say so glebochnik replied the fuhrer has ordered all actions speeded up dr herbert lindner who's in charge of the euthanasia program for the ministry of the interior he was with us yesterday and he asked me but would it not be wiser to cremate the corpses rather than burying them another generation may perhaps judge these things differently i replied this is this globochnik speaking gentlemen if there should ever be after us a generation so cowardly and so soft that they could not understand our work which is so good and so necessary then gentlemen the entire national socialist movement would have been in vain on the contrary we ought to bury bronze tablets stating that it was we who had the courage to carry out this gigantic task the fuhrer then said yes my good globochnik you are right nevertheless dr lindner's opinion subsequently prevailed meaning globochnik wanted to keep the dead there he wanted to keep a remnant to show all of the millions of jews that they had murdered but in the end whose position won out it was this dr lindner and even the corpses that had already been buried were burned by means of gasoline or oil on grading erected on rails that's how they you know what they did himmler had the ss and the last slave laborers in places like sobibor and treblinka they took out they exhumed these corpses that had been buried and they put them on these huge rails and they burned them the reason that there was a revolt in sobibor or there was a revolt in treblinka is because the sunder commando the last jews knew that once they finished eradicating incinerating the bodies of their loved ones their relatives their fellow jews they would be the last ones killed and that's what led to the revolt in treblinka and in sobibor so two days later we left for belgium's a small special station with two platforms it was set up against a yellow sand hill immediately immediately to the north of the lublin levov railway to the south near the road were some service buildings and a notice saying vaffin s s belgette's office globochnik presented me to the ss hobstamfiore obermeyer who showed great reserve when taking me over to the installations we saw no dead that day but a pestilential odor blanketed the whole region alongside the station was a large hut marked cloak room with a wicket inside marked valuables further on a hall designated hairdresser containing about a hundred chairs then came a passage about 150 yards long open to the wind and flanked on both sides with barbed wire and notices saying to the baths into the inhalation rooms in front of us was a building of the bathhouse type left and right large pots of geraniums and other flowers on a roof a carp copper mug and david the building was labeled heckenholt foundation that afternoon i saw nothing else however the next morning shortly after 7 a.m i was told the first train will arrive in 10 minutes a few minutes later a train did in fact arrive from lemberg or today we call the the ukrainians called levive in polish is called level with 45 wagons you understand one train had 45 cars holding more than 6 000 people in total of these 1450 were already dead on arrival you understand how they packed the jews into cattle cars 40 100 1450 were dead on arrival behind the small barbed wire windows children young ones frightened to death women and men as the train drew in 200 ukrainians detailed for the task they tore open the doors and laying about them with leather whips they drove the jews out of the cars instructions boomed from a loudspeaker ordering them to remove all clothing all artificial limbs and all glasses using small pieces of spring string handed out by a little jewish boy they were to tie their shoes together all valuables and money were to be handed in at the valuables counter but no voucher or receipt was given women and young girls were to have their hair cut off in the hairdresser's unit the ss unterfure told me that's to make something special for the u-boat submarine crews then the march began on either side of them left and right barbed wire behind there were two dozen ukrainians guns in hand they drew nearer to where worth and i were standing in front of the death chambers men women young girls young boys children babies crippled all stark naked filed in at the corner stood a burly ss man with a loud priest-like voice nothing terrible is going to happen to you he told the poor wretches all you have to do is breathe in deeply that strengthens the lungs inhaling is a means of preventing infectious diseases it's a good method of disinfection they asked what was going to happen to them he told them the men will have work to work building roads and houses but the women they're not obliged to do so they'll do housework or the help in the kitchen for some of these poor creatures this was a last small ray of hope enough to carry them unresisting as far as the chambers of death however most of the jews knew the truth the odor in the air told them what their fate was to be they walked up a fall a small flight of steps and into the death chambers most of them without a word they thrust forward by those behind them one jewess of about 40 her eyes flaming like torches cursed her murderers urged on by some whiplashes from captain worth in person she disappeared into the gas chamber many were praying while others asked who will give us water to wash the dead i prayed with them i pressed myself into a corner and i cried out to my god into their god how glad i should have been to go into the gas chamber with them how gladly i should have died the same death as theirs then an ss officer in uniform would have been found in the gas chambers people would have believed it was an accident and the story would have been buried and forgotten but i could not do this yet i felt i must not succumb to the temptation to die with the jews i now knew a great deal about these murders worth had told me there are not ten people alive who have seen or will see as much as you when the whole thing was over all the foreign auxiliaries they would meaning the ukrainian guards would be executed i was one of the handful of people who had seen every corner of the establishment and certainly the only one to have visited as an enemy of this gang of murderers inside the gas chambers ss men were crushing the people together fill them up well worth had ordered seven to eight hundred for every 270 square feet now the doors were closed meanwhile the rest of the people from the train stood waiting naked naked even in winter somebody said to me but they may catch their death look that's what they're here for was the reply at that moment i understood the reason for the inscription heckenholt heckenholt was the driver of the diesel truck whose exhaust gases were to be used to kill these jews ss sergeant heckenholt was making great efforts to get the engine running but it refused to start captain wirth came up he was obviously frightened because i was watching a disaster yes i saw it all and i waited for 50 minutes then 70 minutes ticked away on my stopwatch but the diesel would not work inside the gas chambers people waited waited in vain they would be heard weeping as they do in the synagogue said professor fanishthiel his eyes glued to a window in the wooden door furious at the delay the commandant captain worth he lashed out with his whip at the ukrainian assisting heckenholt it was two hours and 49 minutes all recorded by stopwitch before the diesel engine finally started right up to that moment the people had been shut up alive in those four crowded gas chambers four times 750 pearsons in four times fifteen hundred ninety cubic feet of space another twenty five minutes dragged by many of those inside were already dead they could be seen through the small window when an electric electric lamp and sign went on for a few moments and lit up the chamber after 28 minutes few were left alive finally at the end of 32 minutes all were dead some jewish workers on the far side opened the doors in return for this terrible service they were fed inside the people were still standing erect like pillars of basalt since there had not been an inch of space for them to fall or even lean families could still be seen holding hands even in death it was a tough job to separate them as the chambers were emptied to make way for the next batch the bodies were tossed out blue wet with sweat and urine the legs soiled with feces and menstrual blood a couple of dozen workers checked the mouths of the dead which they tore open with iron hooks gold to the left other objects to the right other workers inspected the anus and the genital organs in search of money of diamonds of gold etc the dentist moved around hammering out gold teeth bridges and crowns in the midst of them stood captain the commandant worth christian worth in his element showing me a large can full of teeth he said see for yourself just look at the amount of gold there is and we collected this much only yesterday and the day before you can't imagine what we find every day dollars diamonds gold you'll see he took me to a jeweler who was responsible for all these valuables they then pointed me to a man who had been one of the heads of the khaf house devestance a large berlin department store and another little man these two were in charge of the jewish works gods work squads meaning what we call the sunda commando the little man was being made to play the violin he was a captain in the imperial austrian army during world war one worth told me he holds the knights cross of the german iron cross then the bodies were flung into large trenches each trench about a hundred yards by 20 by 12 which had been dug close to the gas chambers after a few days the bodies would swell raising the top of the mound as much as six to ten feet as a result of the gas formed inside the corpses a few days later once the swelling had subsided the bodies would shake down again subsequently i was told the bodies were piled onto train rails and burned to a cinder with diesel oil the sim piles and piles of stones in sinews the khadre arral call sha'agos mikhail the cry the shrieks from the national as they were choking to death in the gas chambers by the way you see her here rav schwab was told something that never emerged the plan was to take the fat and use it to make soap you know soap historically was made from animal fat they'll use the fat of the jews you know why that never happened they didn't turn us into soap think about where the jews were coming from ghettos you you look at they they were nothing when they got to auschwitz they were nothing when they got to to to belgians or to blinker there was no fat left on them so you you you don't make soap out of human flesh you make it out of human fat and there is no soap to make it out of crete suppose the snap of the fingers show russia prose by the ss guards liameen sheba perak to the right would be slave labored salmans the small to the the death to the to the left how they shot the freyja they shot us into pits by the way many of you you should read the book holocaust by bullets and i forgot the name of the second book the second book is actually if you had to read one you should read he's a french catholic priest his name is father patrick dubois he spent 18 years of his life with primarily christians funded by jews but primarily was christians that's why they were allowed to do it going town by town village by village in the ukraine in lithuania and in white russia finding the mass graves of the 1941 the jews that were killed now you understand we assumed it was 1.25 1.3 million jews who were murdered by the ss by the onsite einsatzgruppen einstein's group in a b c and d but his 18 years father patrick dubois thinks it's closer to 1.8 million jews that were killed none of those jews were gassed to death this is all before von say van si happens january 20th 1942. this is all litvisha jewry in ukrainian jewry you think about rosh hashanah 1941 400 jews were taken out to yar a ravine outside of kiev that was the annihilation of kiev jewry and this was town by town village by village the name of the book is called in broad daylight that's the book you should read by father patrick dubra in broad daylight and that's what rav schwab here is referring to the aru yariros al hofer herbalist they they shot them one bullet at a time they violated our sisters i watched it hasn't been published yet i watched it there's a film done by a very fine israeli producer and it's a film that many of those who were interviewed for this film would rather wait till they're dead till the film is produced it's jewish men and women who were sexually violated by germans by poles by ukrainians and the impact it had on them the rest of their lives a documentary you watch that film and there's just it takes all of your heart and soul because like many survivors what they saw what they went through how they were tortured and then to have to live with that the rest of their lives think about how many people were castrated think about how many women who were the objects of mengele and the nazi doctors experimentation were infertile the rest of their life could never ever have children kosostar alan midi rofi maghzarim the poison that they drank from the german doctors you know that haunts us we said less than one percent of polish jewry survived but of those that survived many of them never even knew they were jews they were raised their whole life as as catholics the holy flock of god who can count the number of those that were killed the fire that devoured them should never ever be extinguished we should never forget that these are the ones that sanctified your name because my israel with the sound of shema israel nefesh lakel they gave over their life to god shahu yasvein only god will bring them you're all familiar with that famous i think it's a muchness of of that they on on the railways in the cattle cars on the way to the to their extermination they saying it and then one of them you know wrote down the notes and threw it out until this thing that's [Music] that is that tune that was written in the cattle cars the nation is an orphan believe variml there are no graves that we can go to say at cal mali to say kaddish fellow might save us there are no head tombstones eiffel leaf coast nowhere to cry ye all that's left is their blood that was spilled and it should never stop boiling fahrey f raya kedasam all we have are the very few scarce ashes that remain in belgians and treblinka in sobibor in rhombulus outside of rigalatvia in panari outside of vilna in babiyar outside of kiev miyamalet israel who could ever articulate the pain of the jewish the living god please comfort and console us have compassion on us we yearn for you create a new light for us i'm going to ask everyone at this point to turn to the 34th kinah you know throughout tish above the rav used to say it's the one day of the year that we question god a jew a human being with a finite intellect he as ushaya says the the wisdom the knowledge the thoughts of god are not the thoughts of a human being and who are we with a limited frail intellect to understand god's system moshe rabbanu that's the famous gemaran menachols when he saw what happened to rebbi akiva he said zhu torah of azusa this is someone who's integrated and become a master of the torah and this is its reward come on he couldn't understand moshe bainu couldn't understand that the most intellectually perfected human being that ever lived the man who had the greatest knowledge of god and of god's ways of the rebona sholum's ways he could not understand the system god's system of justice all the more so we in our response the rest of the year the rev used to say when we're confronted by something that perplexes us when we're confronted by something that that pains us that we just don't understand it's aaron's response to the death of his two young sons he was silent one day a year the rug said we have the right to question god and that's today it's tish above who gave us the mater who gave us the license to question god almighty the ramban quotes [Music] many had the the minha they would say at night as we did last night and they would read why read echa because you need a martyr you need a license to even have the to to stand and question god and his system and his justice and that gave us the license on tisha above our minute is that we say at night and a sofa fame kivi read this morning the torah because here miyagu in the torah questions god and that's what gives us the license it's done it's divine premonition that had the right the ability to say such a thing and that gives us the license but what happens is throughout the day when we question god we come back as your miyahu himself did in the third paragraph last night rosa tovos don't come from god we're the ones who generate it we have free will the rebound of shalom gave us free will and when we act in a corrupted way in a perverse way there are consequences in that notion of after we question we come back and we acknowledge our flaws we acknowledge the corruption of our people you see that theme throughout tish above and one of the areas you see that is the author of this kin is the 34th kenner the story is this now let me just give a little bit of background you and i when we hear the word zachariah zechariah the prophet we think of the navy of the bioshame when the persians gave us license to rebuild yerushalayim so there was two great leaders ezra who was the leader the religious leader and nehemiah who was a governmental official in the persian empire they came back and they led the people but to build the base amiktas you need nivua you need the specific what do we call the measurements the medot as to what where to put the mizbayach where to put the azara where's the ezra's nashim who provided that on behalf of the ribonucholum three men zechariah and malachi malachi malachi malachi the gemara is not sure who that is because the phrase malachi means my agent my messenger it's a euphem it's it's referring to someone so most of ghazal believed that malachi was ezra there are those that want to say malachi was actually mordechai the third opinion that his name was malachi so there was malachi and the one who we have the the largest body of new is zakaria why because zakaria not only shares with us the experience of the bay ishaini but he has navuot that if the people of the baha'i shame you live up to it could be fulfilled by them if not will be fulfilled in the baha'is that's not who we're speaking about this kinah is not about zakaria the famous zechariah that we know who is this kinna about another zakarya navi but from the bias rishong now go back for a second to the haftara that we read on parsha shkalim okay it's the story of a very challenging time the daughter of jezebel of izebel and ahav her name was atalia italia marries the melech yehuda the logic was that way there could be some form of peace between the ten northern tribes the israel and the two southern tribes yehuda she is a shrew just like her mother and when her husband dies she runs the government of the two southern tribes of yehuda and one by one she has assassinated all the davidic descendants she tries to annihilate the whole line of the meshiach the whole davidic and solomonic line there's one little kid yahuwash the kohanim under the guidance of the righteous calling guddell yahoo yada they actually hide this little kid and they prevent him from being killed by italia eventually the jews revolt and they overthrow a taliah you know what she did and that's that's the whole background to parshar shkalin the hafter of parsharshkovan she knew if she would destroy the base of mikdash they'd kill her it would create a revolt so she did something called passive aggressive it was an old building it was built by hamelech she just let her fall into disrepair if you don't fix a house think about our homes here you just go two years without fixing your house and see what happens to it think about a structure that's that old it needs constant repair the term is bedeca bias so she through being passive aggressive let it fall in disrepair when they overthrew her and they executed her they had a whole fundraising campaign to re-establish the road so that people could make aliyah regal come to yerushalayim at least three times a year they had a whole campaign to rebuild the base of mikdash and that's the story of the haftarah of parshashkoman yahowash as it says and say for malachi as long as he had this regent the kohingol yahoya kohingodel as long as he had yahuwah guiding him and steering him he did the right thing when yahuyata dies yahuyata's son is zechariah that's this zechariah he becomes the next kalingado he is such a righteous pious tadik that not only is he not only as a koingoto he attains that level of intellectual perfection that we call navuwa and he becomes a navi and the government unfortunately is corrupt and the leadership is corrupt and many of the people are corrupt and zaccharia is pleading with the people to change their ways to do teshuva to to make sure that the court systems are honest that that an employee or an employer who feels they've been cheated has their day in court to eradicate the avodah zara which was always a challenge to remove the private altars the bummos many many corruptions that were taking place both financial on an ethical and moral level and on a theological level in terms of voters so what happened people didn't like it and they tried to stifle him and they tried to stifle him again and again and it and he had an obligation hashem was giving him nivua so they put an end to them you know what happens when you don't like the message you kill the messenger right that's what they did they murdered listen to this they murdered the cohen guddal who was their navi on yom kippur that fell out in shabbos in the basamiktas you hear that phrase you know someone who hits for the cycle this is a sin that hit for the cycle they murdered the kohen goddale anyone kippur that fell out on shabbos in the base of mikdash who wasn't just any kohingol he was a navi he was the goddess they murdered him in the gemaran para in the gemara in parakanizaki in the fifth paragraph of kitten and the madrish madrid talk about this and it describes this you could take this euphemistically or you could take this literally either way you could explain it it says the spot that he was murdered they couldn't clean up the bloodstains the blood kept boiling and that's what you'll hear you'll see here and yoda levy's description the blood kept boiling so again does it mean they couldn't clean off the spot or literally the blood kept boiling as if to say there has not been justice done see it's not just the people committed this murder something like that happens amongst the jewish people there has to be a catharsis there has to be a shock and awe and a sense of introspection and society has to change you just can't have olam kim in hugo no egg you know let's just keep going on okay you know okay this happened okay well who's playing tonight in the doubleheader you know and who's playing in who's given a concert here and what's happening no there should be a trauma trauma but there was no trauma no one was traumatized okay yeah maybe we got a little carried away maybe he shouldn't have been so tough on the people hashem is erechapayam the almighty has patience but hashem doesn't forget and he's hashem he's a god of mishpot that's the backdrop for this kinah we're it's on page 540 and 41 in the rabbi kenos what's it in the art scroll the 34th canada what page 320. how this our sins you know he's embodying the jewish people my sins have become doubled with the murder of the prophet in in the courtyard of the mikdash the earth would not cover up that blood of monae until the army of our oppressors came there was a pela what was that that the blood would not could not be erased it couldn't be wiped off the yerev bivas yehuda tanya quoting the second parak of echa and increase amongst the daughter of yoda meaning increased amongst the jewish people was moaning pain and suffering this blood it was like a tempest who is rav the chief butcher who is that that of course is nouveau zara done himself does not come from bavel from the euphrates river to jerusalem to conquer it it's his it's his chief general that he sends navuzaradan who defeats the jews oh boy he comes to the mikdash of god um he sees the blood boiling what's the story to the kohanim who are oh this must be an animal that was freshly slaughtered you know the blood is hot when it comes out of it he looked at them he says i think you're telling me a story i don't believe that story he says come on it's not gold blood you you told me no there you we just slaughtered a goat that's goat blood this is not goat blood uh this is not bovine blood this is not the blood of a of a bob calf or a heifer calf this is not lamb blood or sheep blood come on tell me the truth what is it whose blood is this where did this blood come from this is your sin and this is the fruit of your sin through all of this the blood did not subside it boiled over like a like a storm at sea a raging storm this is the blood of the man of god who was executed who was murdered by his own people on yom kippur in the basement for no good reason you know what so we're gonna his blood we will seek out there's gonna be justice after all of these many many decades there's gonna be justice for zacharia's blood is gather for me all the kohanim come on i want him here who does he start killing the kohanim the kohanim as you know there are educators they're the very people who are mentors you kill off the the rebellion like we talked about in schwab skinner you kill off the mechanic the educators the rebellion you just undermined the whole system of the mesorah dikkar yeshi shimla males he killed adults by the hundreds you see this who do you kill more of everyone it's like it's the same thing that adam aikman was saying to rudolph hearst you kill the young ones you know why because that's how you prevent the future of the jewish people you murder the young see he was seditious he made the parents watch as he murdered the children in front of the eyes of the parents the ancestor there was no silence for the blood of the prophet it was a wanderer a sign the tsar no chemist there was the city was perplexed the the sound of the shrieking of the cries and the suffering of all those being killed with all of this now how do you read this line who his anger did not reside is it referring to kurdish barachu because the blood kept boiling that's how some mephorshim read this others referring it's referring to nouveau zaradan it's referring to the anger of the of general nivo zaragon in his outstretch because you and i know nivo zaradan can't do anything unless it's willed by akaris baracho unless hashem allows it to happen and the point here is you could read this either way this line josef la rognasium and mothers who were nursing their children they started murdering the the little babies or mitzrayim the blood spilled like the like the raging river like the nile river it was it wasn't just a little bit of blood it was rivers of blood until the buzaridon turns heavenward i haven't killed enough god justice hasn't been done we haven't made up for the killing of zechariah do you want me to totally eradicate and annihilate all remaining jews the oz at that point shakat damnaki then the innocent blood the spilled blood of the of the prophet zechariah were silenced and at that point the sword stopped now there's this extra paragraph there are two gersos we have of this kinah one has this paragraph the other doesn't we're get we're going to read it to you hashem have we sinned see this is we acknowledge our corruption we cry out to you from the depths of the grave from the depths of hell we me the food of our sins how have we been satiated with it paraphrasing is comforted we have no comfort no sense of of of being [Music] how do i translate it there's no compassion that we feel we are still afflicted and we are in the midst as if we're being in a tempest and her eyes meaning our eyes to you we turn we lift up sophia and we yearn for your salvation we yearn for your help and your aid if we could go to the third to the 11th cana in the rabbit cellar chick in the masorus harav it's page 288 and 289. what is that in the art scroll 182. just a brief introduction you know 1993 i think it was that steven spielberg won the oscar for schindler's list it was in 1992 there was a study done in america they asked americans how many americans believe that 6 million jews were killed in the holocaust i think the number was something like something like 64 percent believe that actually six million jews were killed in the holocaust now you understand what steven spielberg did was incredible it was actually the third screenwrite it was a third script you know he he liked the idea of doing this movie because he thought it had an angle you know and but he wanted the right screen right for it so after the third script he says that will do it and he produced the film but it was it was a hollywood production i mean it was filmed in poland it was filmed in krakow but it was a hollywood production that's the same question two years later i know jason do you remember rabbi meyer had everyone all to tell me them from fresh taken to the movie theater to see schindler's list remember that so two years later they asked the same question and 90 i think four percent of americans believe that six million people died in the holocaust how do you go from 64 to 94 i'll tell you why because people can relate to the story of one man the the person that ben kingsley played was actually a composite character i don't know if any of you know alan pines lives in livingston allen is is the son-in-law of murray pantier and the panters and as you know relia feldman from our shul the levinsteins her parents were were survivors of schindler and um ben kingsley was a composite of two jews but it was a story of one man stern who to a certain degree was a fictitious figure because he was a composite of two individual men people can do that you think about the holocaust okay what do people how do people relate to the holocaust the diary of ana frank ana frank and frank is not a significant part of the holocaust in no way shape or form it's a tragedy it's a terrible tragedy but what happens people can associate and people can relate to the story of one young adolescent girl in that is you have to understand that you and i can't comprehend six million we can't comprehend the members of those who've died throughout the tragedies these statistics are numbers that we can't internalize them into our heart into our conscience into our psyche and that's why the method of the career many of the kinos is to take the story of one individual or two individuals that you and i can feel that you and i can relate to and that is what is done here with yoshiao hamelech the famous the righteous one of the greatest but one of the greatest bali chuva we ever had in our history yoshi two times a year we study yoshiahu the second day of pesach because he's the haftarah afterwards about him from safer malachi and today the khalir's 11th kinna when the rav would introduce his kin at different times he introduced there was a madrish in icha the revolt against hadrian what we call the barakah revolt it was supported by the command we'll talk about it and rabia kiva went places he traveled to north africa to jewish communities to raise money for the revolt there was a place in north africa gonzaga and he spoke about you know devastation of generations and it just didn't move the people then he decided to speak about eof one man and what happened what it was like as a father to lose his children and have to bury his own children what happened to him his estate to lose everything he spent his life building up how he was suffering the bodily afflictions the pain how people didn't respect him and they turned on him and he said you know his friends leave faz and and bildad and tsokar and it moved people to tears and it moved the people to you and i would say to write a check to hand over the american express to to be generous why because people can feel and touch and empathize with one individual and that is the story of what ruby kiva did in gonzaga and that again is the story of what stephen spielberg did of the of the popularity of the diary of anne frank and that as well as the story here of yoshiawa now keep in mind one piece of background keep in mind and that is that he is coming after 55 years of his grandfather menasha a terribly corrupt reign a terribly evil reign even though menasha himself does chuva later in life he doesn't have the control over his people to undo much of the bad that he did you know it's like some of these politicians they say the the most stupid and corrupt things about the police you know and then when their cities turn into to anarchy and their cities are destroyed and devoured by these animals and these pigs who just rob hurt maine people you know then they try to walk back some of the things they said well it's a little too late you've created an environment where people hate the police where they don't respect the police and innocents are killed you know and you think you're doing this you know to defend the blacks in your city more blacks get killed than anybody else by these animals and these criminals so it's a little too late you know we had a similar thing with menasha who was a failed politician and a failed leader all the corruption that he created even as he's getting later in life and getting closer to meeting his maker he himself starts to change but he can't change the corruption he's created in the society around him with his terrible policies after menasha amon becomes the king for seven years so it's 62 years of terrible terrible leadership you know it's like a bad administration you have a terrible administration for eight years it's going to take 15 years to undo all the bad things that an administration may have done i'm talking about whether it's a mayor whether it's a governor whether it could be an executive on a national level it takes a lot to undo all of that which was done and that was probably the biggest mistake of yoshiaho because people's mentality doesn't change let me use an analogy think about the iranian jews who came to america as jews and as a jewish community the persians have done pretty well think about the jews who came from the former soviet union you know 70 years of communism where it's been ingrained for 70 years that anyone who believes that there's a creator of the universe those are the stupidest fairy tales that any could believe and they undermine and they attack and they knock anything that's associated with religion and they set it up in simplistic categories like it's a straw man argument you can't undo that's how people look at the world and that's how people don't understand that there's a there's there's a primal creator that drove science that what they referred to as the big bang was was was created that initial energy was comes from the bria the creation of a kurdish particle and it's through that big bang is the etsyra is the emergence in the formulation of the universe when you when there's no god almighty in the equation when you look at the development of the species that the ultimate the most perfected species is homo sapien that's the species created by cela melo kim that can perceive that it's the only species that has an abstract knowledge when they can't see that there's a there's a system to god's creation all they see is chemistry biology and physics without a context it's very hard for them to become sincere jews it's very hard for them to become engaged jews in the failures that we've had integrating jews from the former soviet union relative to other jews who have come to america like the example being the iranian immigrants in one area we've done very very well in the other area we failed miserably i'm not talking about the exceptions i'm talking about the large numbers those who came under brezhnev those who came after brezhnev already at the time of gorbachev religion was tolerated to a certain degree in russia and there was a certain religious revival happening but i'm talking about the jews who came in the 60s the 70s the 80s we did very poorly with them so what happened it's analogous to the world that yoshiahu inherited he inherited 62 years of corrupt government of rampant of odazara of rampant dishonesty and corruption in terms of ethical and moral corruption that's the backdrop your meow himself says the kingdom over king yoshio now just understand one thing the fourth paragraph the fourth chapter of echa echa um is the eulogy that year miyahu gave upon the death the murder execution of yoshiahu but let's read the story he was a young man a very mature young man he started to seek out god at the age of eight benef what happened it was the people the descendants of kham meaning the egyptians who encamped from the word against him and all of his good deeds didn't come to his benefit amongst all the leaders the kings of the jewish people who what does it mean combo league dork who had stood up to to fence into meaning to create a fence for the jewish people to protect the jewish people no one was as great as yoshiahu from the time of avigdor who's a vigdor moshe you and i know his name is not moshe his mother and father did not name him who named him moshe that's right the the righteous gentile uh princess she named him moshe from the word meena mai mishisuhu is the arabs say musa in arabic musa or moshe you know i i've drawn him out of the water so we being the one who gave us his guidance is rebel sholam we the jews have eternal gratitude to this righteous princess to his stepmother and we don't call him by his name we call him by the name that she named him moshe but his name was avigdor what does that mean that amongst all the great jewish leaders lokam kamahou mimosa vigdor what exactly does that mean the idea is this you know david hamelech is coming after sha'al is coming after david so imagine that you inherit a nation that gets a score of 85 and you take them from 85 to 90. okay it's very nice but going from 85 to 90 is taking them five points up the ladder what happens if you're moshe rabeno avigdor and you inherit a group of pagan illiterate slaves the only ones who are ethical monotheists are shade that lady and a few exceptions so if you take them from one to 20 you've done a lot more than someone who took them from 85 to 90. you understand or if you take them from 1 to 30 that's an incredible jump that's exactly what yoshiyahu did when he shut down all the private altars when he took down all of the statues when he removed the wicked the corrupt kohanim when he started changing over who would sit on the courts and who would be the day on him he transformed he totally transformed the nation now was this on the same madriga as it was in the time of david and no we're not saying that it says anyone who tried to transform to build to to increase to improve in terms of chuva that's what we're talking about a shirt communicator no one was that no one had accomplished what he accomplished from the time of avigdor from the time of moshe rabano so what does it say the dalit davak those who just walked in were in the 11th cana what stuck to him the cynics all the mockers all the people who you know what couldn't stand that he's got his from police coming to our house searching for idols and gechkas who couldn't stand the fact that he took down the idol that we worshipped or that he removed these judges who you know we could pay these guys off and they would give us a good decision on the court decision they hated them they mocked them they attacked them davao avonlea door delis camo what did they have a mat let me just see if i can show this imagine you have two doors that open right it's not one door it's two doors so they'd open the door to police they'd come and they would be looking around the idol you could only see if the two doors were closed because it would be half on one door half on the other you couldn't make out the idol on half a door that was what they did that was the kind of shtick they did to keep their their voter are going in hide it so to speak from his it was the the machinations that they did to hide it from the religious police that would come in to try to remove this right those who eat the the the vegetation the food from the nile meaning egyptians kismohatov his gorgeous complexion they darkened hashem did not come in and protect him we'll see what happened in a second think about impartial a the description of the covenant that the new generation is going to make not the generation of moshe rabeno but the generation that crosses the jordan river comes into the holy land comes into israel and is there with what is is there under yeshua's leadership the first thing they're going to do is they're going to travel into the heart of the country the center of the land to the area of shechem now as though all of you have been to shrem know there's two big mountains that envelop shrimp hargarizm and hareva and a covenant is going to be made where it's so to speak it's it's the mount sinai it's the har sinai of the new generation they're making their own covenant with hashem and there's eleven specifics and then a twelfth baruch is the person that does this in auror and cursed is the person that does that what's the last one i believe the language is it doesn't say lo ye cursed is the person that does not fulfill that's not what it says it says yakim it's the he feel causes others to fulfill who's responsible for the observance of the nation who's responsible for so to speak the shmeeras mitzvos of the nation of the people it's the executive we know from david hamel the role of the executive is he's responsible to make sure that there's enough tax dollars to have educators in every town village and city he's responsible that there's a network of courts of what they did to make sure that people conduct themselves properly and that they can adjudicate if someone doesn't conduct themselves properly so they said young man young man young yoshiyahu this is you do you know that your grandfather is not just menasha but you had other grandparents you had the righteous hezekiah and he came after a period of corruption after achaz there was a hamelach and you should read his works shirashirim and koheles and mishla you had david you come from you come from yehudah these are your ancestors this is the mantle that you bear this is the opportunity that the rebono shalom is giving you and this is the responsibility that you are is placed upon your shoulders and not only does he become about teshuva he starts an incredible chuva movement not only is it alluded to here in this kinda but that's the story of the haftarah that we read on the second day of pesach so it continues what happened you have to just a little understand a little bit of politics there are always two great empires the great southern empire known as mitzrayim now mitzrayim is not just the modern country of egypt the north african country mitzrayim is the northern third of the the african continent it's the whole nile river basin it's a huge power it embodies today's sudan today's libya algeria it goes way south of today's egypt and in the north there's always a great empire first it was aram the mesopotamian empire of syria then it was usher what's ashore that embodied today syria large swaths of today's turkey all of western iraq a massive massive empire and then there was bothell babylonia correct and bavel as you know conquered all of mesopotamia so there's a bait a fight between the great northern empire and the great southern empire that's about to take place who is in the middle who is smack in the middle of these two great empires poor little israel to quote the latin phrase the via maris if you want to get from africa to asia and europe or if you want to get from asia and europe to africa you have to take the via marist you have to come through israel now if you're an individual or you're a small caravan and it's the winter you could take the what we call because that's known as you know the derekhamelec if you're an individual there's a small little caravan you can take what's known as today highway 60 which is the path that avraham avinu took it's a path that yaakov avina took but if you're a military if you're a whole army you can't use either of those there's only one way the via maris you have to come from egypt up the gaza strip through ashkelon tel aviv until you get to the megiddo junction and then you make a right at the megiddo junction and you travel through the amec until you get through israel into mesopotamia that's the only way you can go it's the only flat area that you can traverse the via mars any of you guys been to the archaeological site anyone here been to the archaeological site in megiddo it's worth going to yeah it's v has been so what was there initially built stanchions you'll go there you're going to say at the beginning you're going to be disappointed you're going to see thousands and thousands of horse stanchions so what whatever if i want to go to a horse farm i can go to kentucky i don't have to go to israel to megiddo what do you mean thousands of horse stanchions keep in mind their horse ayla varekha their horse was our tank their horse was our humvee and expanded those horse engines that originally built and that's what we have it goes back all the way to the time of achav why are they at megiddo because again if you're going to have an invading army either coming from the north or coming from the south the junction is always going to be megiddo and i know we're sunday morning tish above in qatar torah but if we were sunday morning at a church down the road or at one of these evangelical or baptist churches what will they talk about armageddon where does the word armageddon come from armageddon is from megiddo the famous eschatological battles right is the preacher's way gogen may or gog and magog or we say gogu magog but right why is it megiddo because that's where that's the that's the juncture well that's where yoshiyahu is waiting for the egyptian army of paro neho the leader of the egyptian army that pharaoh his name was paul neho and he says to yoshiahu hey i'm coming through your land buddy i got nothing against you it's not personal i'm on my way to to mesopotamia to fight usher well yoshiyahu makes the following calculation if i don't stand up to pharaoh naho to paro nico that's another way of saying that i'm supporting him you know the phrase shtika kehoda it's a way of that i'm supporting him in his battle and i don't think he's going to defeat the mesopotamians and i think it's going to put israel in a terrible light number one just by the way those who are listening at home that right now we're just getting a bit of a rainstorm so if you hear noise in the background it's the rain on the roof what else do you have the famous tokika from parshas becca kosai what does the say describes that if the jewish people lead a perfected life and they conduct themselves properly there's going to be shalom but then it says the sword shall not traverse your land if you're going to have peace in shalom why do you have to tell me that the sword is not going to traverse my land that's sort of repetitious and the torah doesn't is not repetitious for no reason so rashi jumps in it says shall shalom not only will you have peace but not only that you will not even have foreign nations traversing your army to get to other places i mean imagine this i'm just looking around is there anybody here from detroit no so imagine that the the canadian military you got the sounds of these caterpillar diesel engines on the tanks of the canadian military coming through the windsor tunnel taking route 75 on its way down south as the canadians are going towards mexico to defeat the mexicans if you're living in the city of detroit or you're living in cincinnati or you're living in louisville as they're going down route 75 you're not going to feel very comfortable seeing thousands and thousands of armed soldiers coming through your city and the sounds of those diesel tanks you know that they shake the ground it vibrates you know when they traverse your land well that's he said we're now on the madriga we've not only eradicated a vote azara we've eradicated the bamos the the private altars we've changed the court systems that we shouldn't have the egyptians traversing our land that's the backdrop let's keep reading yadayama arizona what happened the jewish soldiers were slaughtered at megiddo at the place of armageddon at the megiddo junction as the egyptian army was traveling to aram haram into mesopotamia le mans because of the mistake that yoshiahu made he says losavo or kharev call the area that they they traversed the area that they travel through is the area of ephraim it shouldn't have to happen who begged him jeremiah said don't do this don't start up with paro nico you're doing great things now remember one thing your miyahu is younger at this point yoshio is not an old man yoshiyao is an established king but this is the beginning of year meow's prophecy and like yoshio is saying you know you know who are you to come and be my secretary of state is your name mike pompeo is your name henry kissinger don't tell me you know i respect you as a rabbi no one respects rabbis more than i do but a secretary of state is niched you're not the foreign advisor and he doesn't listen to him and he says you're making a mistake we cannot be passive because if we remain passive that's going to be translated as support for the egyptian regime in the egyptian military so he didn't lose mejado stirous missus the sin of what we talked about you know they kept the they kept up the voters are between between the two opening doors it was behind the doorpost that no one could see it who's the vision of the man from anatot you're me your meow is from anatot today i think we would call that french hill you know it's the northern suburbs of yerushalayim tragically he persisted on continuing the battle and in the end we ended up being mosque with him because it cost him his life and hundreds of jewish soldiers their lives when the battle happened below alsa los air there was no it didn't help him it wasn't to his avail the yo-ru hyorim the melechyoshio and the archers they shot arrows into the body of yoshiawa melech as his eyes were closing you know before he died hates her what the egyptians did was they made a mockery of him they made a point of it nobody messes with paro nacho and they set him up like a bull's-eye as a matara as a target practice and boom boom boom those those archers started pumping their arrows into his body the man's going to die already no they're going to make a mockery of him they trapped them and they set him up as a is a bullseye for the archers three hundred different arrows pierce's body kalim satsutsu ezon mozzafiho think about when you're parched you haven't had anything to drink what happens you can't your your vocal cords can't even get out the sound you talk it's like this right you talk like this it's just it's just air sound so he was dying and all that could come out was the air what did they hear what were the last things on his lips his eyes are closed already he's moving his lips the last words on his breath as he's dying hashem is truly righteous i have rebelled against hashem meaning what he didn't listen to your meow navi as rabbi gottlieb said he didn't listen to your mean al-anovi year meow wasn't trying to be a political adviser he was saying this on behalf of the ribbon of shaola in in to rebel against that's what he says i rebelled against the words of the navy and it cost me my life it cost it cost our nation hundreds of lives of young men cece know nope of course is is egypt it's a city in in egypt it's memphis rejoice [Music] that's what your meowth is this beautiful you know shining young man he's come to an end ams what happened the very jeremiah you're miaowhanavi he is the maaspeed he's the one that gives the eulogy at the funeral of yoshi what what by the way what is today this summer we're the summer right before the shemitah year yoshio was killed in the summer of the shemitah year what happens it only happens once every seven years what happens on sukkot on sukkah after the shemitah year what happens exactly nathan linda bom hockel and you know normally you'll get a huge crowd of jews coming for passage for elias arrego because everyone has to partake of corbin you don't get as many people coming back seven weeks later for shavuos you'd love it it would be nice but you usually don't get as many people coming back for shavuos because it's you know it's a long trip home and a long trip back circus is in between sukkas you get more than you would for shabu is less than for pesa i'm not telling what should be what should be is we should co everybody should come alias and regal three times a year about what happened but one sukas per cycle they all came it was like pesach it was like everybody was there and that was of course the sukkah following the shemitah year the sukkah why because the special mitzvah what's hakko the torah says little kids who it's past their bedtime right it's it's 7 30 8 o'clock at night it's you you're making abdullah they're already putting out we keep them up we bring them because this indelible image where the melech reenacts mahmud harsina like we described at hargreaves har eval they would reenact mohammed arsenal for that generation every generation reenacts mahmud harsinai when do they do that every seven years after the shmita year and these kids i i think i've shared this in the past you know i grew up on a little farm you know a good sized farm but it was a little town we had maybe 700 people in the town and the most people i ever saw in my life was july 4th parade i think was the most beer i ever saw consumed in my life also but it was a july fourth parade everybody came from two towns around in the fire trucks and you know the the girl scout cookies whether i mean the girl scouts and the cub scouts and that you know and everybody you know very a lot of people and then my great uncle and great aunt lived in west hempstead they were one of the founders of the young israel west hempstead so they took us we came there and they took us into the city to rockefeller center they were going to light the laboratories have the menorah you know what i mean they had that time it was abe beam he was the mayor of new york to light the lobovich menorah in where in the backdrop you know in front of the christmas tree in rockefeller center and i never my brother and i we were little kids i mean i maybe i was seven and he was five we never knew there were this many people alive on the globe i mean we never could imagine there were this many people and we were getting whiplash just looking up at these massive building you couldn't see the end of the building we'd never seen anything like this you know the biggest building we saw was our farm was the haystack and top end of our barn in a silo what's a silo silo in those days a big silo a huge massive silo was 80 feet in those days and we're just looking at this so these little kids they're coming from the negev desert they're coming from their diaspora they're coming from a little town in the galilee they're coming from a fishing village on the kineret and they see all of these people and they're all learning torah and they're all listening to the the projection of the voice you know he's up on a platform and you you know this the mids of hakkel they would build they would mount a platform and he would speak and project from there they'll never ever forget this the rest of their lives it leaves an indelible impression so that was going to be three months you know three months from now we're all going to be coming to yerushalayim and we've we've got a whole chuva movement the roads have been repaired and we can all come and travel and and we're going to listen to the torah and reenact mohammed harsinai and who's going to play that role yoshio the righteous king yeah no because he was killed because he's dead because he was executed by the archers of the egyptians and instead we all come to his funeral the anashim nash and vitov all come to the funeral and who says the hespaid you're navi tragically he had to drink the the poison cup from megiddo it was a time when we would have all come together to live in toronto from him during hakkel but instead we did this what's up the eulogy we read it last night here eli king just read it here at ketchup torah it's 22 lines each line is from a letter of the olive base allah based hey what's the idea what what year me yahoo was saying what your meow was saying is that there is no way we can appreciate or encompass the loss i could use every letter of the alphabet from aleph to tough and the devastation of losing yoshiyahu i could never ever encompass it so i'll use every letter and it's it's it's i'll give you an analogy what is ashrae we acknowledge god we praise god with everything that makes us human with every letter of the alphabet but we can't we acknowledge that we can't we use everything in our ability every dimension every aspect from all of the tough and we still can't acknowledge here the same idea you can't appreciate and acknowledge the devastation and destruction of the loss of him but because the very cynics you're all familiar with the phrase kidoshi memoir you know the three partials right after someone dies that's when they appreciate them you know after you're dead they say you're cut while you're alive they rip your kishkas out right but after you're dead that's when they finally appreciate you well after he was dead all the cynics the late son ahadur that we read about that's when they finally acknowledged who he was what he is it was too late but because of that shuva because of that here herchuva for 22 years it delayed the foreign in the aftermath of yoshiahu he was young no one was there was no secession planned at that point who replaced him he had a son by the name of jehoiakim a disaster yeho yakin was just a wicked wicked man in the end the babylonians got rid of him what was the story yahuyakim couldn't handle your miyahu he couldn't handle the fact that there's a prophet challenging him he knows that he can't kill jeremiah that's what he'd like to do so what does he do he incarcerates him he puts your meow on the hamathara we actually think we know where the place is it's in the the muslim corridor of yerushalayim it was an underground dungeon you know damp terrible conditions most people if you stayed there too long you just died from the conditions so yumiya through his talmud his student barak ben neriya what is the naval that he sends the first the second and the fourth chapters of aha the first the second and fourth chapters of were actually written before the khurba and as they're giving this to ho yeah came to read he sticks it he burns it he doesn't want to continue reading it he burns it so the echa that we have chapters one two and four were rewritten after the chord one and then chapter three and chapter five was added to it just to give you you don't have to be a freudian to appreciate this tattooed onto his male genitalia he tattooed yud kevke the ineffable name of god so we went from yoshiyahu hamelech to yahoyaki you talk about a disaster with the loss of yoshi yahoo it basically is a matter of time until you have a corbin one of the great tragedies was his loss osos turn if you don't mind to the kina yud gimmel the 13th kenneth which in the um the masora sarah of the rebel salvation is 314 315 and in the art scroll what page is it 192. we mentioned that there's the ability according to the rub not everyone agrees with this by the way i want to make this very clear that not everyone agrees with this but according to the rev it's the one day a year a jew can question god echo is meant to be translated as why why did you do this now the paschal is it's a rhetorical question how could it be how could it be that this city that was teeming with millions of jews for eliasa regal this city that is so alive is now just sitting here desolate it's a rhetorical question so rabbi israel chait is the russian shiva of yeshiva benetora the talmud and fascinating fascinating rush of shiva he's a talmud of iron cutler and then the last for probably about a 15-year period in his life he was a talmud of moshe feinstein so on friday with the dibras moshe or the shurim that we call dibas moshe but tuesday wednesday thursday he and his brother rabbi khaimozachet and a number of other tamidim they would travel to yutsuko khan and they would attend rebel salvation they were talmidim of the rav and rav moshe at the same time the rav on tuesday wednesday thursday the shiorim at yeshiva and in the mtj at mississippi to ferris you should line with the dibras moshe sharon on friday so he says he learns the way that most richonne learned it's a rhetorical question you never ever have a right to question god we can question each other because we're we're not perfect we're flesh and blood but even on tish above we don't have a license to question god so echa can be why it's the rav of a chait how could it be it's a rhetorical question and here the khalir says we're reading it as a co we're breaking up the word where is the co now what is the word call me i know in the king james bible it gets translated as like thus saith the lord you know yeah it's not thus co is a term that's associated with the destiny of the jewish people whenever you have the word co it's a term associated with jewish destiny now it has many manifestations what do i mean by that see because in hebrew translate from me the word here into hebrew h-e-r-e what would you say paul right here what is there t-h-e-r-e shun so very often you'll see instead of saying paul or say something saying sham there'll be this term ko ko means it's a term of jewish destiny so what the clear here does is brilliant he takes all of the cones that that hashem communicated either himself directly or through a navi he says where is that call where is the protest where is the hand of god protecting us nurturing us it's it's crying out to god and saying where is that ko let's let's see the contrast in the use that the khalil uses is one of the saddest of the psalms of the tehillim it's capital i indolid that talks about what our enemies do to us where is the code that you said to avraham avinu the brisbane of sarim when he said yes that you said there would be an eternal jewish people and we would be like the stars of the heaven where is that covenant that you would protect us throughout the long vicissitudes of jewish history the hainata in contrast why is it god that it seems you've like abandoned us forever where is the cow that you said to avraham and yitzhak when yitzhak like a lamb being brought as a carbon ola came to appease you what did they say you know the famous story they're traveling hashem does not tell him where he just says i want you to travel to the place that i will show you and as they're going north from chevron taking highway 60 of that that that traversing that and they see a beautiful summer day it's been a beautiful summer day all the time but there's one mountain the matter says anan allah that's enveloped by a cloud like the ananea covered and he says there's a there's a contingency there's avraham yitzhak ishmael and eliezer he turned to ishmael he says do you see what i see he says what do you see something strange no eliezer no turns to the inside do you see anything he says yeah there's one mountain there that's enveloped by a cloud there's no clouds in the sky and yet this one mountain is enveloped by a cloud that's when avraham says it turns to his more you stay here with the hammer with the donkey the ad ko i and the is joe pesci would say the ute right i and the youth i i and my son we are going to go it doesn't say ad sham until there i'd go because that is the place see a gentile has an obligation to have a relationship with god a gentile is an obligation to be an ethical monotheist shepherd says a gentile's not obligated to give up their life the midst of the israel that mishnah from mitzvah i'm serving amor that's not in the sh eliezer and ishmael were great people they were righteous people but that nail that mesira's nephesh that only is your talk so we we have sacrificed for you god we sacrifice for your values we must where's the when we're being afflicted where's the sacrifice to protect us you like you remember john bellucci with the samurai he would chop everything right like like like a a a rimon you know chop the pomegranate you know capella you could translate as your flock or your friends your beloveds the jewish people have the friendship of the king and there's we're defined as yadidyn his friends is reim of the ribbon and what's happened we talked about the raging fire that is just ripping apart the the sheep of your flock where's the next co by yaakov you understand what love and did to him he tricked him after working for seven years rahul was not given to him he had to work another seven years 14 years and finally he says when am i going to take care of my own so what does he do he says stay with me i'll pay you and in those last six years years 15 to 20 working for lovin lovin changed the conditions changed the rules changed the contract 100 different times in six year period and every time that he tried to manipulate him god through was there so that yaakov would succeed financially the providence was there enabling us to succeed now what happens what happened you have the prince of egypt i'm borrowing a term from stephen spielberg he's being raised in the royal palace but he knows that there's something different about him that he's a jew and it says that he has his desire to look after his people so what does he do he leaves the wealth of the palace and he goes into the slums where the slaves live and there is an egyptian government official who has a fantasy more than a fantasy he wants to engage this beautiful jewish woman so what does he do he sends her husband out at night on some work duty it's at night there's no electric lights they're poor people they can't afford even oil lamps he comes in the egyptian she thinks it's her husband and he starts to violate her her not knowing that it's not her husband the husband comes back and walks in on this the egyptian realizes he can't let word get out that he did something like this because it's beneath the dignity of an egyptian to do this to a jewish slave so what does he do he starts beating the egyptian the jew to death the jewish slave laborers he starts beating him to death and after he's going to finish killing the jew he'll turn on the jew's wife who he was about to violate and he'll kill her so there won't be any witnesses who sees all this the prince of egypt moshe and what does motion do it says the yarkov he looked he doesn't say doesn't say here and there it says kovaco i'm sorry by ethan he turned kovaco why didn't it say the if and paul vasham so the medra says he says i'm going to kill this egyptian when you kill a man you kill everything he ever was and everything he ever will be what's going to come out of him it means i'm murdering the children he won't have the grandchildren he won't have the great-great-grandchildren do you remember what hashem said to cayenne after he murdered havel demay the bloods are calling out the bloods of your brother meaning the bloods of his blood his child's blood his grandchild's blood is a whole universe that he would have produced there's another vaiif in kovaco what is that you know no one knows i'm here i'm camouflaged in the dark if i'm just silent and do nothing who knows in 20 years from now or 10 years from now i might be the next pharaoh and then i can save not 10 jews not one jew and his wife i can save tens of thousands of jews just quiet and don't do anything and you won't be exposed and and you know what i can help all the jews but he looked at himself but today this is an innocent man that's going to be killed this is an innocent woman that's going to be killed vaiphen kovaco he looked at himself and he had no choice and he stood up and he defended and he saved their lives and he saved their lives and he killed the egyptian so that sensitivity to each and every life to each and every human life to each and every jewish life where is it hashem now falcon this month that we relive and re-experience the slaughter and the death of our people called hera o with the term that hashem said to moshe with co it's time for the redemption of it's time for the redemption god after 86 years of slavery after 210 years of living in exile you redeemed them we've been in exile close to 2 000 years 2 000 years and now you know i i happen to look i want to see you know get nervous tish above the if anything happened in israel so they're rioting why because a few jews prayed on the hare bias the hare bias we have one holy site you and i know that is not a holy site to the muslims muslim scholars would tell you al-aqsa is in a small town called jabala in saudi arabia there's two mosques al-adna the closer mosque al-aqsa the father mosque and the muslims have a tradition that the last place that muhammad was seen alive he so to speak went to heaven from the mosque al-aqsa which is in a town just it was a town do you understand during his life muhammad never came to yerushalayim they hadn't conquered yerushalayim it wasn't even under the control of his followers and in this isn't if you go to the theological schools in egypt if you go to the theological schools in morocco in saudi arabia in yemen they all have this to say that this is the al-aqsa where he transcended to heaven it's just bad islamic theology there's no basis for it it's politically motivated and what happens a few jews want to pray to god in their holy site the jews allow the christians to have their holy sites the israeli government they allow the muslims to have their holy sites that a jew on the holiest place on earth can't even pray and now we have riots today so when i came to shul at 8 o'clock for dominion no one had been no one had been injured or wounded but this is what we have to deal with okay we're hashem after 2 000 years we think we're back you know that phrase so close but yet so far we're not back you can't even say to hillam up there you can't even forget forget about pray to god you can't even say shabbat of a karish baruch and you saw what happened in may with this last war they use this as an excuse you know all the talking heads and all the politicians they want to spin this as a political issue don't be stupid no one in this room is but i say to them don't be idiots and don't be fools you're lying you're such a bad liar do you even believe your own lies this is a religious war this is a holy war because they're threatened that the people that authentically represent the will of god that authentically represent ethical monotheism which is a threat and challenges their brand of ethical monotheism they're scared to death that these jewish infidels the jewish dimmies are growing and are building a nation that is a light into the nation that's impacting the universe and that there's a kibbutz galileos that there's an in-gathering of jews from all over the world fulfilling the prophecies of yeshaya and zakharyan it scares them to death because what really bothers them maybe their theology is wrong maybe their philosophy is corrupt maybe god is not a god of rage maybe god is not a god of vengeance he's a god of justice but not a god of rage and vengeance hashem kel nicomo sophia is a god of justice and it scares them to death and now that we're on holy sites that that one by one they controlled and no longer control and now that it's happening to yerushalayim to what they refer to as al-aqsa which is not the real al-aqsa it's getting them very scared and they in a rage they lash out but the truth hurts and the truth is scary but hashem after two millennia please allow us to come back please say hashem and let there be a fulfillment of the words of the navi yahshua those treacherous enemies they sit behind what are the diatribes you hear every friday from the temple mount from the shrine of omar torreira they rage and they roar you've seen the footage you've seen the video footage of how they act and the how they behave on the holiest site on earth aco carisos hadashos barisos where is the cone of the new covenant the rev when he would explain this line their sensitivity at atos very moment will be the moment of liberation and we the jewish people we learned that time sensitivity the whole notion of saying if you light the candles at this time you're fulfilling according to the brisker rob's understanding of the rambam you fulfilled two mitzvos the the mitzvah of of cavochabas because you're preparing for shabbos in the midst of one egg shabbos because you've created a house of illumination in a dark context if you do it at this time you fulfilled kavod and onig if you do it later it's killed shabbos if you say this time you're makaba omar if you do it later you haven't there's this time sensitivity right if you start the fast last night at 8 24 you're you're being the kind the fast if you started at 8 26 you violated the fast where's the sensitivity we're waiting and yearning for that moment when you will redeem us the way you did in egypt dhaka you said it would be at the moment of midnight but it's referring to the the 16th king when what happened the lack of sensitivity to holiness you know holiness what does god say to moshe take the shoes off when when you have shoes on you don't feel anything right when where you're when you're wearing boots you don't feel pebbles you don't feel stones you don't feel anything when you're when you're barefoot you know what happens then there's sensitivity sensitivity to every little pebble every little stone what else is there when you're wearing shoes it demonstrates our mastery over all the different aspects of creation even the most sophisticated creation mammals we kill them and we make leather out of their hides and we wear those hides on our shoes when you take it off i have me when i'm in god's presence i have mastery over nothing it is humbling right that that experience of encountering the rebona sholum is a humbling experience at that moment you have mastery over nothing you are a frail servant of the almighty you take off those shoes but here go they come with their their boots you know think about the nazi storm troopers they come into the mikdash the roman soldiers the germans come into our schools israel this is how you should say to the jewish women tomar lashon raka rashi says meaning what there's a way that you communicate the way you teach an eight-year-old is not how you teach a five-year-old the way you teach a twelve-year-old is not how you teach an eight-year-old the way you teach a seventy-year-old is not the way you teach a thirty-year-old there's a sensitivity there's an ability to articulate to communicate it the right way kotomar lebaysiakov so hashem we're waiting for that sensitivity for you to communicate to us in that soft sensitive meaningful way because if the jewish women are invested in the theology then the men and children will follow that's why the women were first they were the most important they were the foundation of adopting the messora where is that soft way of speaking veinata niyatsu beneavola what are we here we hear the mockery we hear the blasphemy that comes from the banayavla evada villamala a kosiyak osiyosakidumos if you add up the letters of the birkis kohanim which we did not say this morning right how many letters is it sixty letters it's words it's three five and seven it's twelve words but it's in sixty letters kosovar who has been israel by the way what what what what is birkas kohanim what is it it's the it's god's providential system is that financially we should be able to survive we should be able to maintain our assets and function financially what's that or torah it's intellectual it's it's life is only worth living if what if you perceive the knowledge of god the or torah or we perceive god's face meaning that he communicates through providence his knowledge is the greatest blessing is the words of the torahs the concepts and the axioms and postulates of the torah what's the third is shalom is from the lord you could be the most insightful bright person if you're emotionally frail if you're psychologically unhealthy you're not a human being you're not a mensch if you're psychologically if you're suffering and we ask god for shalom for us for psychological emotional health that's the providence that he gives us and we're saying hashem take care of us financially protect us take care of us educationally spiritually take care of us psychologically emotionally give us this is an allusion to how the above el district broke through the base of mikdash lakov this is the code that that bilum said when bilham came to do what to find areas where he could find weakness of the jewish people and expose their weakness in the end hashem forced him to acknowledge and to bless the jewish people instead of lakov uh said and said instead of us being protected they they attack us they see jesus they burn with fire has what's the code here when it came time to taking the levium to substitute for the bohoros what happens what happens there god gave us a system if we're going to be a mom we're supposed to be role models to the nations we are supposed to be how can i be a role model if if if i'm not educated and i'm not developed and i'm not nurtured i can only be a role model if i have something to give over so hashem gave us this beautiful institution called shay that levy with the kahuna and throughout the length and breadth of israel the forty eight cities are livium and the kohanim living throughout the length and breadth of israel they play the role through the tax system that hashem created the system of taxes that they don't have to work in other fields they can refine and perfect themselves as educators as master educators and they can educate us the primary role of the kohanim is not to work in the basement that the average cohen does two days a year one day out of a week in two weeks out of a year so you can so that means one day this week and then 24 weeks later one day out of that week that's two days a year you're not going to give them all those taxes for that what do they do the whole year the whole year the adult education early childhood education elementary education high school education based medrish they educate us they transform us so the co that's described of taking shaven levy in making giving this this very very significant role in cloud israel of transforming and educating us to purify them so they can play this role vain now the the heavens are thundering with the destruction of the mikdash shiva chauffeurs eretz this was the famous conquest of yurijo yoriho was the first city in israel that was conquered each day of the week they they did a hakafa around eureka one time on shabbos they did seven hakufu's they blew the chauffeur after the navua and the walls of yoriho came crumbling down it actually you know the in the foundation sunk in the ground hey ko shiva shofrosarits ko sasa she shameem the instead of the walls of jericho crumbling down and sinking in the ground what's now now it's the walls of the base of mikdash think about when we go to the the temple mount we only see a bear remnant everything else was destroyed where is the koamer hashem that you see throughout ishayah in your miyahu and zechariah in many of the navy these famous eschatological visions about the yamosa mashiach that these words were were taken and given to the the prophets who had that great vision of the future and the glory of the jewish people now what is there my children my young my future they're lying in there they weren't even brought to burial and the bodies are bloated and laying in the streets how long will this blasphemy how long will our oppressors and enemies continue to do this if we could please turn to the 19th kena in the rabbi celavaichik it's page 393. you understand let me let me give the following uh this was an introduction the rev gave a couple of times when people would come from all over america to boston and they would spend tish above at the maimonides school you know with the rev you know if i asked you what would you say is the most essential foundational principle in yiddishkait in yahadus and there's many possible answers that we might give be talmud tara kenegala we are a religion of wisdom unlike any other it's a religion of and that's why talmud to know god is to only you can only love god as you know god and that is through delving seriously and deeply into all the principles of our theology you could say that you could say we're the the religion that gave the world childish we acknowledge that there's a creator of the universe there is a creator and that this universe not only has a creator but it has a goal and a purpose you could say sadaka we are the ones that the great revolution of our mavino is that religion is manifest in how you treat your fellow human being and not only how i treat them in terms of mishpot and din but also the notion that my assets are not my assets i'm only a portfolio manager i'm only managing a portfolio that hashem has invested in me there's many different areas that you could point to we brought monotheism to the world you could give many answers rabbenu you know there were three great philosophical works that the jewish people had some would say the kusari was the fourth but the three i'm referring to were all written in judeo-arabic because the jews living amongst a sophisticated islam at that time had to respond you know you had you had great islamic philosophers averroes al-farabi and they could describe islam in a context of a neo-aristotelian world and they could describe islam in platonic and aristotelian categories and jews who were thinking jews who were confronted by this they reached out to their to their mentors so the first was very early it was in the ninth century was the moon videos the second was the famous work by bakrya ibn bakuda the khaw vasalavalus the duties of the heart and that duties of the heart khovas alababos was a forerunner to the great work the maharana vulcan which was the third of these works to the guide to the perplexed and you know what he says in the babas he says that the condition the most foundational fundamental principle in our theology is akarasatov a jew is a human being that is saturated with gratitude whether it's gratitude to the almighty gratitude to our parents gratitude to our educators gratitude to those who open doors for us in life and gratitude doesn't mean saying thank you hakara sato means i have a sheboot my existence is indebted to this person because i am who i am as a function of their investment in me that's very different than a person saying thank you or being grateful it's not the american notion of great of gratitude or grateful it's a radically different notion guys if you can just keep the whispering down a little bit the the the hakaris hatov of judaism is radically different and when a jew is an ingrate when a jew is ungrateful that's the worst why is that the worst because what happens is what happens is that when a jew is ungrateful it undermines everything we are everything we're supposed to be and everything we stand for now look at this back and forth quoting daniel to you at hashem is a true we're being we're acknowledging osos the various signs that you have done the wonders you've done for us from our inception and we the ingrates the lanu boshes upon him how humiliated are we the unfortunately you know what what we have done how we've turned on you and rejected you ado we're going to read in parshas vasquena this week yerushalayi i'm sorry mitzrayim was a core habarzel it was the iron cauldron no one ever came out of egypt no slave ever escaped and god extricated us a nation amidst another nation villanu and look at us instead of us being appreciative we end up in terms of sexual morality in terms of theological problems we ended up mocking and aping those very egyptians you know that phrase you can take the boy out of brooklyn you can't take brooklyn out of the boy you could take the jew out of egypt but unfortunately you can't take egypt out of the jew we became like them hashem redeemed his people villanu boshes upon him seven days one week later and what happens we're already rebelling against god uh we become the the ones who who are the witness people we we are god's witnesses he spoke to us like no other nation like no other nation every man woman and child and what happens within forty days the lonely bosses upon him we turned our back on him the the the blasphemy that we did by we said kumas come let us make ourselves a god the golden cast [Music] is upon him the yom you gave us the man it could taste like anything it's something that we didn't have to go travel in humiliate ourselves by having to defecate and having to dig ditches which we defecate in it gave us nutrition it was there for us we didn't have to carry it it's not like we had to schlep it every time we traveled in the desert what happens instead of us appreciating that gift what did we do we mocked that gift you provided us with food you provided us with the water source the air you provided us with protection villanue bosch is upon him but we are we the ingrates are embarrassed in front of you hashem we called we mocked it we said what kind of you know everybody likes not that we should but people like that feeling you have a big steak you know your belly is full you know you undo the belt you know you get out a cigar and a drink afterwards you got to sleep well that night because the parasympathetic nervous system is spending all your energy trying to digest that juicy steak but you can't learn totally you can't be sharp you can't be alert when that's happening with the man you could you didn't feel uh like on shabbos lunch you know you didn't feel bloated you didn't feel stuffed you were you had energy you were light on your feet so it gave you all the energy and nutrition and it in at the same time it didn't force you to to be non-functional the sadhaka bamidbar we lack nothing but yet we found so many different places to rebel villanu what are these all allusions to moshe didn't want to stick it in their face so he alluded to all the places that we rebelled against the ribonuclear well there was ascending of the maraud limb whether it was because we had so much gold and it was the issue with the golden calf what did hashem do he didn't just give us from the river to the sea he gave us the east bank all of today's jordan most of today's syria the bashan is the golan heights right is today's jordan he gave us the east and the west bank of the jordan river okay you know the wealth we had from those conquests we lacked nothing one little city the first city of the west bank the the bikurim the truma of israel eureka we were told not to take of the spoils that's the truman so what happens what happens is villanue bosh is upon him what did we do one little city we couldn't set up a system to prevent taking from the spoils in it wasn't from the spoils is the fact that we didn't care enough to appreciate the word of god to respect that certain things are off-limits hashem during those 369 years of shiloh of mishkan shiloh now just stop for a second take a step back look at the map of israel i'm not about modernism talk about the biblical israel sheila is the center of the country when you look at it from a north-south point of view that was a capital you know in america we've only we've only had america for 250 years jews had shiloh for 369 years and sure enough we couldn't get our act together we didn't unify we couldn't unify as a people and you know consistently we had problems we were corrupt and hashem sent us a message sometimes it was mid young but then he gave us the arb he gave us gidon to protect us from the midianites the canaanim that we were supposed to drive out we didn't they re-established themselves in the northern galilee in khatsur and they came and attacked us hashem gave us devorah they policed him from the mediterranean coast they came and attacked us what happens we had shimshon and he protected us and this is again and again the ammonites on the east bank of the jordan river yiftak throughout that whole period where hashem looked at us the 14 to 14 different guys guys if you if you can just keep your voice you want to grab them a second i just it's it's hard to talk over you gotta whisper really quietly okay so it says like this that by the way these are wonderful people this is our our camera crew what they're doing is they're working as we're broadcasting across the world so they get a pass i'm just trying to get them to whisper a little bit less shouldn't think that we shouldn't think that we're yelling at anybody it's not the case we're very grateful they're good guys so it says like this during that 369 year period during those moshiah the fourteen shofting that we were given what happened villanu boshes upon him we were we had jews worshiping you had a whole industry called passamija and they were going and worshipping this idol hashem saved them 14 different times but throughout all of this they couldn't eradicate pasul miha i mean that's the most ungrateful and now the lanu boshes upon him you gave us a place a central educational institution that would transform our people first the 369 years of shiloh by the way how many of you have been to shiva shadow we have to thank ira reynard he built a shul in shiloh where we have an incredible jewish community ira rappaport who was originally from brooklyn was the mayor there wonderful they they produce incredible wine there they have you want to atv you can do that there they have great agriculture they're wonderful people they have yeshiva has their yeshiva so ira rennert built them a shul he did that in conjunction with rabbina that's a like it's a image of what mishkan shiloh looked like it's beautiful you can see that shul on the mountain top it's it's it's like what mishkan sheila what we think it looked like and then the phallic family you know from duty free america from down in miami they built an incredible archaeological site with a film there about the whole history in shiloh about ghana's tephila when she came and she darvened in her she poured her heart before hashem and about the events that took place in sheila and you know you can see it today there's like there's there's like this imagi it's it's not it's real but there's like a ring around shiloh that's not symmetric where we can find pottery going back to the period of tanakh of shoftim and shmoi but it's very interesting because it stops it's it's it the radius goes out the radius goes out and it stops but it's not it's not a completely symmetrical ring you know why because the mishna in megillah where could you have khachim kalam bihal haroa any point you could see sheila well on some on the east of shiloh you can't see shiloh the same way you can from the west because it's enveloped by mountains right and the mountains are not totally symmetrical it's not like it's an equal radius but you can see at the point where you no longer can see where michigan sheila was that's where you stop finding the pottery it's incredible so we have to thank the renard family or to thank the phallic family we have to thank ravina and we have to thank the those incredible jews who live there you know they've they've suffered under the hands of of palestinian muslim terrorism but but that is that that was the center of our nation that was the center of our country and thank god after thousands of years we have jews who have re-established shiva and then you had nov and yet give on and he had the basal lemon gashem gave us these national institutions villanu boshes upon him but how humiliated are we because of our sins we cause them to be destroyed and wiped out what was it sadaka here you know this this capital that we keep quoting i endowed it's ms asaf a song of assaf assaf was one of the great one of the great authors of many of the tahilam so the gamer says what do you mean go look at that text that's not a song kinala it should be called akina a dirge a lamentation of asaf not a song of assaf why is it called mismalasav so the gemara and this is also in the matter says you know why because look at what it says and that's the line that that we have here from the khalir bishnei instead of hashem doing what instead of hashem annihilating the jewish people what did he do he destroyed the base of mikdash the medicine was on the institution we can come back from destruction of real estate you can't come back from annihilation hashem enabled us to survive despite our corruption so he took a very very hefty price because there are consequences barry can i ask you this do you know the tune to bet say see me rush ryan i'm gonna we're gonna get in just a minute can i have you lead us come up here and lead us in that lucho adoshem hatsudaka and how humiliated are we that now at this stage on tish above we turn to you trying to do chuva trying to correct the flaws of two thousand years the last stanza 900 years it's been because the rav learned now there are different ways of learning this line but the way the rav learnt it it's been 900 years that khalil was living in the ninth century he was a he was a uh contemporary of some of the own unlike other opinions in the toast of us that that felt he was atana rabia lazar maybe rabbi eliezer the famous shamuti rebels but there's a question as to who he was the rav is taking the approach and this you see in some of the earlier kinos and you see this in the crow votes that on tish above the german community say in each bracha of the amidah it seems that he was a contemporary of the gonam and it's been 900 years that he's written this and we still haven't done shiva all the more so today where it's been two thousand years and we haven't done shiva the lanu boshes upon him the shiva and we pray please god incline your ear to our prayer i'm just for this moment we're going to ask barry sklar who during the week amongst as well as being a da fiomi learner an incredible bentora gets a mazel tov on his daughter tova's engagement he's a managing director leads a department at goldman sachs but he also happens to be one of our shul's not only greatest teachers in tamil he happens to be one of our shul's best voices and i would like to ask him to lead us in the 31st kin i will explain it afterwards but let's say it first and the rabbi solo chick the messiah sarath khan it's page 515 and in the art in the um art school keno what did where do you have what page for the 31st kennel what for the camera we'll need the mic sorry come on up because for the camera oh so i'll stand behind you okay yeah you could you stand in front [Music] is [Music] we [Music] is [Music] is [Music] is [Music] is [Music] is [Music] foreign [Music] is [Music] thank you barry so this is file this this kin is following that same thing look at what hashem did for us look at the incredible things that he did for us and now is a function of our corruption and our sins look at the terrible plight that we're in look at the miserable plight that we're in today and i would let's go through just a few of them as yashir moshe right a shirt that will never be forgotten and instead what are we saying today we're singing the kalir's kinos [Music] the incredible of having the situation of the kriyasyamsuf and now what happens they don't in shatafu you know i'm reading i don't know that we'll have time this is something you should all have in your library it's called yeven mitsula rabbi nasa not to hanover he was a survivor of takhtar takata literally means 1648 and 1649 but really the the ukrainian cossack rebellion against the poles it happened from 1648 through 1653 and it's it was really what i would call the watershed moment in polish jewish history because from the time we came in the aftermath of the bubonic plague and the aftermath of the black death when we were welcomed we were accepted into poland we played a major role in terms of their banking industry there it was really a 300 wonderful years you know for all intents and purposes you you haven't had a large jewish community in america probably more than 130 years right the 1880s is when the real immigration started and you know they had a 300-year ride where it was really really good for the jews in poland but in the aftermath of this ukrainian revolt and we'll get we if we have time we'll get into the details so he describes you know how many jews that the niper river in the ukraine it was literally red with the blood of the jews and i've got descriptions here that he gives you know he goes through town by town as the ukrainian cossacks went through these communities with their um tartar mercenaries what they did to the jews in these communities and these jewish women did not want to be sex toys for the ukrainian cossacks and woman after woman you know they dove into these rivers and drowned to death rather than to have to be violated and abused by these men so this image that you have here in the gimel of what happened at the yamsuf as opposed to zedanim shatafu aroshitsufu think about i don't know that we'll have time to get to it but it's on it's it's on the list the tess zion when it describes the yerusha lion those who were the captives who didn't die in the battle against the roman soldiers but they were taken out the jaffa gate today it's the equivalent of highway one they were taking all the way to jaffa port and they're put in ships and they were going to be sold many of them are going to be sold as sex slaves and that what happened these women they they jumped into the mediterranean they committed suicide then rather to have to have to lead a life of you talk about hashem where that's what a jew is a jewish woman as a prostitute a jewish woman is a tanua the caduceus israel manifests itself through the modesty and humility and then the sincerity of the jewish women and rather than to be violated like that they jumped off the ships into the mediterranean and we have you know we have that account in the gemara in gittin in the madrid as well as in the khalir's 16th king but this is that idea that he's alluding to here the idea of zidane's we had a mishkan and we had a we ultimately built the base of mikdash with the karbanos but what happened when we left egypt the romans took it all school us many of you have been to the arch of titus those who haven't you've seen the images of the arch of titus katsuna tifra who was being slaughtered not the lamb for the carbon ola the tamic and the musa fans but whose slaughter the jews were the lambs that were being slaughtered we have holidays that commemorate these great events these great historical providential events but now what do we have tan is the evil we end up having the fast days and our life in the diaspora our life without a base of mikdash is pursuing nonsense and craziness we had a structure in the michigan around the mishkan and there was a modesty in terms of how we conducted ourselves with our neighbors and we were on our way we were the great march to the land of israel to the promised land and what happens you know the story of allah the jews who who escaped nivoo zaradan's armies what did they do they went to their relatives to our uncle yishmael to the arabs and the arabs you know feigned welcoming us in the end they killed us right the whole notion the great equalizer that after the yeovil everyone comes back to their real estate they come back to their position eric shoketa was a beautiful quiet land and now mahrez mises because we didn't observe properly the yovel and shemitah and we didn't return it now we are sold eternally and we've been cut off eternally lamid lavium varonim veshibam zakainen the whole educational structure that enabled our perfection what was that educational structure we talked about it you've got kohanim and livium in every town village and city in israel you've got a whole educational class that enabled us to become a people of perfection and then you've got the the sanhedrin hagado and they have this whole network of of yeshivas the typical sanhedrin of 23 very seldom adjudicated a case you know what it was it was meant to be the yeshiva of the city you have a sanhedrin of 23 in this town any town that's large enough that has 23 with smika that have the real ordination that way you have a a great educational institution for every city on top of that you had but they didn't you had courts of three so you have this whole educational judicial infrastructure that enables the perfection of the nation that's what we used to have now what do we have no symmonium task masters oppressors mokhram the conan people who sell jews like you know in in our business you know on mondays we would bring cattle to the cattle auction in pavilion new york and on tuesdays we would bring them to the cattle auction in caledonia new york and these cattle got shipped to slaughterhouses all over the country you know the the old dairy cows ended up becoming mcdonald's hamburger meat and campbell's soup meat you know the much nicer animals they would be your prime and your choice steaks and your prime and your choice cuts of beef this is what becomes of the jews they get sold in pavilion or sold in caledonia gets sold to the slaughterhouse gets sold to the to the oppressor that's what's become of us you know i mentioned what the himalanitsuki yamashima kamunitsky revolution against the polish catholics where we were the brunt of their animosity and their hatred do you know how many we don't know exactly how many were killed now we think it was somewhere about 35 000 jews were murdered but there were tens of thousands of jews particularly those under the control of the tartars the cossacks the ukrainians were the worst supposedly the tara tires were the barbarians but it turned out that the barbarians were less barbaric than the ukrainians the the ukrainians killed us and raped our women not to mention the horrific things they did to our women they they took women who were pregnant and they cut out the fetuses and they they they they sowed cats into the uterus that had been which they had wrenched out the fetuses and then they cut off they had swords and they cut off the hands of these women so they didn't even have the i mean the the cruelty is unimaginable what they did to us but the tartars they would kill the elderly because there was no sale price on them the young jewish women the young jewish men they sold them tens of thousands of jews were sold to slaves the jews in the ottoman empire i'm talking about smyrna it's also known as izmir that we talked about thessaloniki today it's called salonica istanbul these famous port cities thousands of jewish slaves were sold there and for more than a decade the sephardic jews who had transplanted themselves who now were jews of the ottoman empire they spent their fortunes they spent their wealth redeeming us doing pidyon doing pidyon shruyam first for the women then for the men of the ashkenazic jews who had been sold by the tartars as slaves it was an incredible act of chesad an incredible mitzvah but many jews would have been they would have died or many jews have been lost to judaism had it not been for these sephardic jews in izmir and in istanbul and salonika and other places that literally had huge huge massive appeals people would take mortgages on their homes just to redeem the captives just to free their ashkenazic brothers and sisters who they'd never met listen to this one the meme when we left egypt we had the the two greatest leaders possible motion ara but when we left yerushalayims kesar in hadrian what's the problem with where's our lack of symmetry it should say what nevuha netzer and the spacian or nevucha nets or in titus why is they and hadrian now there is a gerson that says titus but most gear cells have it like we have it in the mesoreserve and we have it in the art scroll say hadrian and this is a very important point the suffering that we underwent in the aftermath of the barkakba revolt it was the worst tragedy in all of jewish history until the shoah we suffered terribly with the loss of the first base of mikdashi lost the second base of big dish but i'm talking about sheer volumes of men women and children who are slaughtered they per what we'll talk about it when we get to the 21st kinah when we get to isaiah lavon and we'll talk about it but it was a it was a genocide they eradicated they wiped out most of israeli jewry and these were not people who were soldiers in barcakha's revolt or in his armies these were innocent men women and children it was a terrible genocide the introductory madrish claims it was eight hundred thousand it was so bad that you were not allowed to write about this or to record this you know the romans were very proud of their defeat of the jews 60 years earlier 65 years earlier they had a chronicler josephus flavius joseph josephuslavias was a chronicler and there's a history the war against the jews not this you know why there's no pride in butchering little children well you're gonna brag to the world you know that you killed little children you killed elderly people killed