Day #50–Rambam DAILY Sefer HaMitzvos

welcome to day number 50 of our daily study of ramam severe mitzvas we are still in the book of times safers manim which is all about various different holidays festivals the different observances through the through the year that are based on time we started with Shabbos then which is the most frequent Jewish holiday comes every week then we did eriven because that is related to Shabbos um now we're doing some other holidays and we're starting specifically in the mission of Torah with the laws of resting on the 10th the tenth of what the tenth of tishre that's the date of Yom Kippur that's how the ramen refers to Yom Kippur in this context so today in mishna today is chapters 1 2 and 3. correspondingly we have four Mitzvahs today all dealing with the observance of yam Kipper and uh it breaks down to two positive Commandments and two negative Commandments or the way we're going to do a positive and negative positive and negative you'll see what it is okay positive commandment number 165. the Mitzvah to rest on Yom Kipper Yim Kipper is called a day of Shabbos like rest and the restrictions against doing labor are identical to those of Shabbos will speak God willing later about the rest required on a holiday which is different but here it's the same as Shabbos all right negative commandment number prohibition against doing creative labor on Yom Kippur remember we learned that term malacha when we were going through Shabbos so negative commandment 329 is the prohibition against doing a malacha a creative labor a productive labor on uh a name Kipper now did you notice how these two Mitzvahs are basically the flip side of the same coin you have positive equipment 165 which is the positive commandment to rest and then you have negative commandment 329 which is the negative prohibition against doing malacha it won't translate the word malacha um so yes you're correct in assuming that there could be one act which would violate both Commandments it would if someone did God forbid a form of Malachi on Yom Kippur it would both be a failure to perform the positive commandment and a transgression of the negative commandment okay positive commandment 164 the positive commandment to fast onion Kippur now it's interesting it doesn't say specifically in the Torah that we are too fast what it says is that that should be a day of affliction says you shall afflict your souls and that means fasting although we should mention that according to our rabbis there are all told five forms of self-affliction that one must maintain anyam Kipper so we know one of them is is fasting what are the others bathing anointing that means like smearing oil wearing leather shoes and engaging in marital relations those are the five okay and finally negative commandment 196 the prohibition against eating on Yom Kippur um how do we know that that also doesn't say explicitly anywhere don't eat anyam Kipper it's kind of interesting how the ramam says we figure it out one way that we figured out is that in the beginning of crisis which is a tractate in uh in the mishnah that speaks about sins that Garner the the punishment of God forbid of korres of uh cutting off of the salt so it lists eating on Yom Kippur as one of those and interestingly we know that all all sins that incur the punishment of Kare specifically are prohibitions negative Commandments with two exceptions one of them we learned about earlier already the failure to perform at brismila the second one positive Commandment that the failure to perform it incurs Karis we didn't learn yet we will God willing and that is to partake of the pesach sacrifice offering so if Yom Kipper is listed amongst the things that um I mean eating on Yom Kippur is listed amongst the amongst the things that will incur the penalty of karates we know that it must be a negative commandment because the two positive Commandments those two exceptions are already enumerated and neither of those are eating onion onion Kipper so that's how we know that eating on the incuber is indeed a transgression and not just a positive commandment of you shall afflict yourselves that we mentioned previously in the previous Mitzvah okay so those are our Mitzvahs today and we will see you God willing tomorrow for more holiday related laws