Shmita in the kitchen | Part 1 - Spoiling the fruit

[Music] we are starting today a new chapter in the laws of shemitah and this chapter will be called shmita in the kitchen up until now we covered so many different topics but now we'll be a little bit more practical in the kitchen what needs to be done and it goes as follows it says the basic is that the fruits and vegetables of sweet are permitted for us to eat it's not that we're not allowed to eat it and not only that we're allowed to use it for other things so even though the fruit and vegetables of chavi were giving to us to eat and for other youth where do we learn that from it says clearly in the torah in chapter in the book of chapter 25 verse 6 the translation and the produce of the of the seventh year of the land shall be yours to eat for you so it's not that we're not allowed to eat it just what we need to know how to do it so our sages explain on the word yours for all your needs so the torah is very clear you can eat you can do whatever you need to do why but there's all sorts of restrictions but there are restrictions what i'm allowed to do how i'm allowed to do it how am i how to use it and so forth the main restriction is it goes as follows i'm not allowed to spoil the fruit of sweet now i don't want to keep saying fruit and vegetables it's called perochevite because it's including the vegetables in in the in the title but it's uh fruit and vegetables together so the talmud says it can be found in chapter in attracted page 52 and it says you're not allowed to spoil the fruit you're allowed to eat it you're allowed to do other things but the main thing you know how to do it i can't deliberately spoil it and i'll explain thoroughly throughout this section what do you mean to spoil it but i'm already giving you one uh detail upfront by me throwing fruit to the garbage that's spoiling it you know go now 500 years back food was not so spoiled like today people would eat the fruit the food the teal almost till the last bit now you eat a little bit the rest you throw to the garbage that's spoiling food because it's edible food for humans and animals when you just dump it in the garbage if we're lucky the animals eat it but most food gets spoiled when it comes to fruit of sweet we're allowed to spoil fruit next i'm not allowed to change them from how they are created which again i will elaborate on everything in general what it means that there are restrictions how to use the fruits in regards to what i'm cooking them baking them and so forth and another thing associated i'm not allowed to change the way how i use it usually and again everything that i'm saying to you now i we will explain now thoroughly i'm just giving you in general and more than that and the other ways of that usually i can use the fruit of the vegetables but they're forbidden in the seventh year even though they're in regular years i can use them so i have now mainly four restrictions a i'm not allowed to spoil the food b i'm not allowed to change it from how it was created i shouldn't say abc one two three i'm not allowed to uh use it in a ways that it is a usually used in other years and uh which is three and four are kind of the same three is not to allow to change the how uh i use them the regular use using and and other ways of using the fruit that is also not allowed to like easily even though it's allowed in the first in the rest of the years so this is this is in general what we're going to talk about now let's see more thoroughly so it says as follows there's no mitzvah to eat not work the land and many other things but to actually eat the fruit and vegetables there's no mitzvah to that and if this is the case how would i act when i have a bunch of fruits in my kitchen and they're going and becoming spoiled now like i told you go 500 years back everything was calculated and maybe i'm wrong i didn't live 500 years well i might have lived 500 years ago i just don't remember it maybe somebody had an abundance and they didn't have the problem but nevertheless how's about when i have fruit in my kitchen in my fridge and they're slowly slowly going to rut do i have to rush to eat it because it's no there's no mitzvah to eat it so it says even though they're going and becoming rotten and spoiled why because it's done by uh by default by itself i didn't do anything so if i bought fruit and we're talking only by the way about fruit of sweet we're not talking now of imported fruit we're not talking about citrus perota lemons grapefruit oranges that came from the previous year we're not talking about these we're only focusing now on prohoche meat because like i told you in many cases there are many many ways i can get a fruit and vegetables so just to make an important side note we're only focusing on privacy so first i don't have to rush to eat it because it's becoming spoiled why because it's becoming spoiled by itself next allah week i'm not allowed to deliberately spoil the fruit of the vegetables because one might say listen i can't throw it to the garbage right i'm allowed to do that not allowed to throw perochi to the garbage so let me spoil it malpore i don't know what bleach on it or whatever it is i'll put it in the sun it will rot within two minutes that i'm not allowed to do well putting in the sun there's a few restrictions and and ways how to do it but deliberately to spoil the fruit i'm not allowed to do it in any type of a way shena how do we learn that because it says in the torah i can use the fruit of sweet but to eat lolith said not to lose it now with that said kolhaka anything that has the holiness of it is included in this rule and what does that mean mahaladam anything that is edible for humans anything that is edible for animals because i have i can have sheep or cattle or whatever and i need them to eat i saw maybe i'm not eating it but they're eating it and any type of plants that give scents and odor that i would use for smelling whether i smell it or not it's irrelevant but the plant gives the odor that's it so we have anything that is edible for humans anything that is edible for animals and plants that make a smell smell order scent i'm not allowed to take any any fruit of shavit and to throw it in a place for sure not a garbage but in a place that you know the word that is using nim asim now if i would look to translate the word nimas in english would be to despise despicable er contempo but that's not really what it means nimas you can't say ma makom maos makomos is like a despicable place so yeah most of us will imagine the garbage but i'm not allowed to throw this the fruit to the sewer it's not a place that if you would find a fruit in the sewer you're not going to take it out and eat it you know maybe some people are extremely hungry they will take it out and wash it but in a place that it's disgusting then and nobody will if they'll find the food in there they're not going to touch it and i'm going to throw it over there of course the main thing that it's including is the garbage but in other places then i might say listen i don't i don't want this fruit it's stinking my house it's too much somebody gave me a box with 5000 potatoes i don't know what to do with it now why are you dumping it on me you know sometimes people drop things in front of my house without even telling us without notifying us somebody dropped one boxes of vegetables i'm like why are you dropping boxes here no you feed people said i i don't feed a stadium of people i don't eat like so many boxes besides ask me maybe i have already some of this food why are you dumping food in front of my house so but nevertheless i don't want to get rid of my fruit so i'm not allowed to throw it in the garbage or any place that most people if they would find the food there they won't touch it so that can be the sewer garbage dump or many other places he says the garbage is more common and it says most people because some people shemi regime are in a place that they will go into the garbage dump and take the food hashem should should not bring us into this situation next week i'm not allowed to get rid of the fruit then some people will try to think one step ahead and said hey let me spoil the food somehow and then that way it's not edible and if it's not edible then i i and then it's so to say spoiled and uh and i can't eat it and i i can throw it so it says you're not allowed to spoil the taste by pouring something bitter on it or in it you're not allowed to do such a thing for example kagon la rev truffa by to put some type of bitter medicine in the juice or in the wine of chevy to make it spoil not allowed to do that now why would somebody want to do that because you need to somehow get rid of it if i have a lot of it and i don't know how to to get rid of it then i would think oh let me think one step ahead i'll spoil it that you're not allowed to do and a lot of these examples are important it's off completely off the subject but very soon is best and we're gonna need to learn how do i get rid of the comets i mean pesach has every year it is once every six years oh every six years on the seventh year but there are many ways that we're going to do the exact same thing with comets i find chametz how do i dispose it next if the way to eat the fruit or vegetables of shavit is to eat it raw and that's the only way of eating it i'm not allowed to cook it more than that the madeira bench but if i can eat it either cooked or raw then i'm allowed to do that now i can't think of anything that you that you will be that's not common to cook i mean can't even think of anything right now but if what beans peanuts i mean you can roast them so i can't think of anything now maybe i don't know oranges they don't cook oranges how can you cook oranges or what mango yeah anyways he's not being specific here and i can't think of anything but the fact what is if you eat it raw and there's no way of eating it cooked you're not allowed to cook them and if you can cook them you can eat them cooked roasted fermented whatever steamed or wrong then it's fine then you can do it okay simple next time okay now most of the wine that we buy now it's not coming from this year unless you make your wine yourself most of us don't make the wine ourselves you go to the store you buy your wine and most likely it will be from 20 20 20 99 and 19 or whatever or whatever how back you go so there's no issue with that but how is about that you have your hands suddenly you got good wine that came from the uh the year of chevy eats then here is that i'm allowed to use it for the four cups of sedum good good to know more than that the kids are also allowed to use it for kids what is the kosher baja it's gonna make a blessing on the on the cup well what are what are they so we have the four cups of wine of of pesach and then i have kidushin of the lounge about can you think of any other kosher bacha and many other cases but nevertheless i'm allowed to use it on any type of course because amazon i don't have to now elaborate on every culture it's called kosher bahama is a cup that you say a blessing on more than that if this is the case and i want to use it for kidus or the four cups of a wine on the pesach and so forth yes you have to put a plate under the cap that the wine that overflows cannot be wasted now you can't throw that wine so if you use wine of sweet for any of these scenarios you have to put a cup a plate underneath capture the wine that flows that overflows and then drink that you can't lose that which will of course will bring us to understand the next talk so i can turn out the candle of dalla with wine that is wine of sweet because then i spoil the wine i spill it because i'm spoiling the wine also if you're already using this wine of chaveed foreign if you remember there's a part of the haggadah i know it sounds like oh it's in two and a half months not even we're in purim today so two months exactly two months you blink and it's already pesach here this shabbat we we we had an issue with the khala my wife baked it after she cooked the meat so the khala had a din of basari when we had a sudashi sheet with the cheeses we couldn't you put it on the bread and luckily that she mentioned that so so i said okay well let's have a winner we'll wash for the bread and eat the bread as much as we can but when you want to put the cheese on it or never so we'll use what do you have crackers she's like i don't have crackers so we found matza okay matzah is good so i was like oh no before we know it we're going to be eating matzah so in the haggadah there's a part that we take a wine and we put it in a bowl and we dip the finger well each one has their customs and you and you damn and so forth that you're not allowed to do with the angel sweets why because you're again you were spoiling the wine you're wasting the wine you know drinking it next time i'm not allowed to spoil any type of dish that was made with fruit and vegetables of schweitz that with that by spoiling one dish i will make the other dish taste better for example so i'm not allowed to ferment vegetables or clean uh lettuce with vinegar that was done in the year of swedes okay so i'm not allowed to waste one thing in order to better another thing and the example gives us either fermenting vegetables or cleaning vegetables why kevan shah because after that you spilled the the vinegar and you wasted it more than that asu i'm not allowed to take a pan and to smear it with oil of shavit in order for whatever dish i'm going to put there should not stick it let's say you make some type of uh how do you call it the pastida knish or you make some type of a dish that if you put it in the in the pan or in the pot or in the pyrex or whatever it is it's gonna stick so what do you usually do you put some oil but now we have a problem use oil from a previous year oil from sweet then you can't do that why again because you're not using the oil you're using the oil in order to make the dish better so that we're not allowed to do therefore you have to be very careful where you bring your stuff from where you buy wine where you buy your vinegar where you buy your oil and so forth next i'm not allowed to not eat the fruit of chevit even though they will be eligible or enough to say eligible rather there will be a worthy for a sika means to smear it like an ointment or i can use it for burning i will explain so i can take the oil that was created on the seventh year and to mix with it some type of any type of material substance to create an ointment from that because the the point here is the ointment not the oil or to use it to something flammable i want to now light my uh wood burning stove and i want to put some oil so i cannot not use the oil because i want to use it for something else even though i want to use it for either and again sika means to to oil something or it's not only oil it can be with a cream but that i'm rubbing it on me now again this is not something so common how often do you create some ointment or some cream with all with oil and you mix it with salt it's for certain people but anyways we learned that not everything that we learned that we actually do and why is that kivanshi mafido marilla because i'm not using the oil to eat that's coming from the olives i have to use it for eating and if i'm not using it for eating then i'm losing it the oil next yeah some will allow just to put the fruit on the side let them rot on deliberately why kaki would cool because i didn't do anything i just put it here here let it rot because when once it's rotten then i can throw it already but nevertheless yeah but say no you you you deliberately did it with it's going to be a big doubt now that if i'm going to put the fruit in in direct sunlight knowing that the sun might make them rot now i'm putting myself in a doubt i'm not allowed to do that because i'm deliberately making them rot garam have said this will be considered that i caused a lost or if said be adam or that i the fruit will be lost lost i mean you can't eat them then i did that that you're not allowed to do that but i was about that i put it the fruit in the morning when the sun is not there but i know that eventually the sun will get there yes this will be a doubt if i caused it to be spoiled or not therefore just don't do that next i'm allowed to cut a fruit even though i know for a fact that i'm only going to have half of it because one might say wait a minute if i had let's say i eat an avocado and i cut it in half and i know i'm only going to eat half the other half i don't want now one might say wait a minute by not eating the other half what am i going to do with it i can't throw it and if i just let it rot then i spoiled it myself i'm allowed to cut the fruit in half even if i know that i'm only going to eat half of it and by that what's going to happen i'm causing the other half that is remaining to go go spoil fast or if you have the avocado hole then it doesn't get spoiled so fast or it can be uh i don't know what a grapefruit sometimes they don't want to eat the whole grapefruit i want to cut it in half just eat half i'm allowed to do that and why is that here it is a commentary a side note that says that if there's going to be lost or damaged to the fruit of cheviet but it came from and by me eating that's that is allowed to so i'm allowed to eat half an avocado half a grapefruit well grapefruit like i told you over and over all the citrus fruit in this year started sprouting in previous year so all the citrus cola of this year are from last year so they don't have to dushachev next year we're going to have this problem next year lemons oranges grapefruit and so forth we'll have next year to do shachivit so next you need to know what to do but nevertheless i'm allowed to cut a fruit in half and i gave an example an avocado it can be with anything next week i'm not allowed to give fruit of chevit to a baby that doesn't know how to eat by himself why um because he spoils most of it half falls on the floor the other half is falling here and he's just maybe sucking the juice of it that i'm not allowed to do can be somebody who's two three years old enoch is a is a baby babies don't really eat fruit but let's say a year a year year and a half two years katan is three and above that you can give a little kid uh a fruit even though you know that he's not gonna eat most of it but eats the majority alfalfi calcium because i don't even know that a lot of it might go for waste i'm talking about giving it to the little kid but if you see a little kid deliberately taking pieces out throwing it on the floor wasting it and you know they're going to waste most of the fruit yes then you have to prevent it more than that i'm allowed to take edible a food that is designated just for the animal that has to do with it then allow i'm allowed to put in front of the animal one it's going to eat what it's not going to eat that's not of a i have no control of it because the animal will waste some of the food so listen i don't know how many people have animals most people have a cat or a dog not many people have goats and sheep and donkeys and cows and and but nevertheless some people do and i have to have food for them now most people i think that will have their own animals is for the sake of feeding the animals the right way so they're not going to buy the gmo junk that they give in most farms they're going to give real food to the animal so for that you have to have available food by that you can put it in front of the animal let the animal eat and that applies also to dogs cats and other uh animals in the house so again here he's talking about march albemarle is an animal that is urban a sheep well there might be but nevertheless sheep cows goats stuff that you use around the house i'm adding on it because a lot of people have a parrot or a fish or whatever but that's usually they fed with regular with the animal food but if happens to be that you want to feed your animal and it's with pierrot then you can put it in front of the animal let it eat yeah even though the animal will waste a lot of it next week now i don't know how to translate in english is there's no really uh definition there are two types of explaining it the talmud says that you eat a lot devour that's correct but if you're going by the definition of the talmud says that you eat a lot glottally no no no not god not gluttony just that you eat a lot you can eat it in a very nice manner but just to eat a lot that's what the talmud calls you just eat a very large portion sometimes you see people in khaswa shalom not to hurt anybody's honor you see an event and they go to the buffet and they take like a mountain of food and that's 200 people here take a little portion maybe there's other people besides why why do you need so much so that's what the talmud says a different way of saying it that you're eating in a very uh not a mannerable how would you say man you can say manna rule no no no no i said not in a nice manner you eat and the food falls here and then and spills everywhere but nevertheless so the fruit of the vegetables are sweet you can't eat it so meaning don't eat too much and don't eat it in a way that it's going to start flying out of your mouth and you know somebody will eat corn and it goes everywhere sorry for the visuals but says just keep it uh nice and civilized next door is a very interesting word because if you translate the word is the translation is pulp but not like a pulp of an orange just something that is a liquidy and made out of a certain material so i will just call it now dough because when do you use oisa when you make dough so if you use a dough or any type of pulp that is made from a flower from the year of chevit mafushimi you have to separate or la fish means to set aside the khala the portion of if you burn it then when one might say how can i burn it if it's coming from sweet you just told me in order to do that so if you're making it for hala for dough and you're making khalan shabbat even though whatever you set aside has to be burnt it's still allowed to do it if it's done from a flower from chevy eat that's very important because many women they don't know what to do they're either trying to get a flower from last year or they don't know how to do that so that is clear you're allowed to burn the khala the khala the the peace that you separate okay for a 15 which will happen next year by the way even though the peel of it it gets damaged by me touching it so technically one might say wait a minute by me holding the talk a whole week i'm ruining the skin i'm one in order to do that so the al-aqsa says no no no if you're taking it for netilat the four species you can do that and by the way the tour game that we're going to use next sukkot is going to be from sweet because next year will be the eighth year but the tour games start growing already this year so the tour game of next year will have to chat with it and we only have to deal with them accordingly next i have too much i have a lot of it it's obvious for me that they're not going to be eaten i'm not allowed to deliberately spoil them and how would that happen i have a neighbor he has an orange tree some other neighbor went in picked up all the orange put it in a box put it in front of my house here take it's a and again the oranges i keep saying oranges apples okay and i got now a box with 300 apples that are perch meat i got it from my my neighbor whatever somebody brought it went on a hike went on a drive picked it we saw the trees you know last week we drove up to the german in the ramata golan you have fields over fields over fields and hypothetically i can stop in any field at once walk in and take whatever i want so hefkel now i can come home now with a box with 500 apples so if you are really asking how can that happen now what is about how is about if i know now i'm going to have so many apples and they're not going to be eaten what am i going to do with all these apples or these potatoes or whatever it is assorted i'm not allowed to deliberately and intentionally spoil them put it on the side let them rot by themselves and if it's edible for humans and it's designated for humans then i can't give it no to animals why because it's designated for humans yes some will allow in one way or an indirect way to cause them to get spoiled if it's designated for humans but to make some type of an action that it's not edible for humans but it's good for animals then some will allow to do so and this is a again this is a side note from yashiv said that he says that this is the that says no you can't cause something to become a uh uh hefsedasu that mean somehow i don't know how to do it but that i'm taking the status from human er that's edible for humans and then doing something that it's not edible for humans but animals to need it says you can't do that you can't cause the vegetables now that humans can't eat it and but animals can affilo she total throat even the ones who will permit only you can do that if it's about to be eaten so again i can't give you an example because i don't know how you do that i don't know how you take food that is designated for humans and you make it that it's not so designated for humans or humans won't eat it but animals will eat it so maybe there's a way maybe farmers know i don't know step on it uh okay let's do step on it i mean because i i don't know if stepping on it will be sufficient because some people might say i don't care if you stepped on it we step on grapes when we make wine so maybe you're right some people won't eat it when it was stepped on so you know maybe that's a good example now how it will be connected to whatever yashev says that you causing i have said and they've said this is not permitted okay i can look into it but what you're saying may can make a lot of sense that somebody stepped on it especially that's saying that most people won't eat it but my animals will eat it very nice okay last allah seventeen perochevic alpine even though they were taken or they were disqualified from eaten by humans even though now we transferred the status for animals eating or what you said i'm stepping on it let's say i said okay i have a lot of i don't know what a an animal can eat okay let's for the sake of the example apples the donkeys will eat the apples the horses will eat it and we're stepping on it and squashing it now humans don't eat it but the animals can eat it nevertheless then i didn't take out the status it still has status of sweet i won't eat it the animal would eat it but nevertheless they do shall stay they can do it will stay and for that i'm not allowed to spoil them or throw them to the garbage so with that we can conclude the first section is about what's called le calcel perot practically saying i somehow get a fruit vegetables wine vinegar oil whatever it is that comes from the year of sweet then i i have to use it i can use it i have to use it in a holy manner and what does it mean then i can't make it rot spoil throw it in a very er not nice way and so forth and that practically saying you have to deal with it in the kitchen because you're going to have fruit and vegetables that you might not eat then one way and we're going to learn in other sections how do i get rid of the peels how do i get rid of the seeds how do i get rid of the remaining i need an apple inside there's the it's not really a pit but it's the inside of the apple most people don't eat that i mean you eat up until whatever you can and that's it so for now at least we know that you can put the food aside and let it rot by itself no it might not be a nice odor and there might be a lot of fruit flies so put it aside take it out of the house put on the window or something but you have to be careful that you're not causing it to rot by putting it in the sun or by putting it in freezing cold weather and it will ruin the fruits of vegetables completely you can't cause it to get spoiled you can put it aside and let nature do its course but you can do that and needless to say that once it is spoiled and not edible then you can throw it there's no problem with that but the key thing to remember here you are not allowed to be responsible for that with all the rules that we learned and the next few sections are very interesting well how we deal with it as it's called the shemitah in the kitchen well how do i deal with everything the shame next class will continue in the meantime keep your fruit holy [Music]