Rosh Hashanah: The Avnei Nezer's Revolutionary Dissection of the Mitzvah of Shofar

This Torah class is brought to you by tora anytime.com. Okay, we're going to speak about a very unusual topic with the Yamiff of Rashana. Coming up, we're going to speak about the mitzvah of blowing the blowing the tok here in Karn Hills, New York. I forgot about that. I'm already in the five towns so long I forgot this is Karn Hills. Thank you for reminding me. So um this is our last year in um so we thank to have the to get together for may give us all to come together for another year and of >> so let's begin with the comments of the smag the safer mitzvah of mo of ki if you look in The shanim was written by the we know that there's 613 mitzvah. The truth is it's not necessarily so. Not everybody agrees there 613 mitzvah. There's an opinion at the end of the 611 plus that's 613. The ram says that's his opinion. Doesn't mean everybody agrees to that other tan hold they're more than 613 it's Ramban but the Messiah and Israel is they're 613 and many speak at length what exactly are the 613 what are they so the smag writes in mitzvah members so classifies the mitzvah of is it's a mitzvah to blow the he says meaning if you don't blow the cha you blew it okay so that's the smug the comes the now you should know the shus is a revolutionary safer what's so revolutionary about the shus he's the first one to ever write I'll say there par until the you want to write a parish on the like the Ramban like rashi like you write on the you want to write like the Rambam like the rash like the riff so you write to write on the para it's like a contemporary type of idea it was revolutionary it was new age why did he do it if you look in the mir says that had made he had kid who wasn't learning. So contrary to uh popular opinion that well we can't do this because it's not the is you teach your kids whatever works whatever method works. If you need to teach on the par you need to teach on the figure out a way that works that you could write he was the first one to do that. So he writes in mitzvah, the Jewish people. So he says two things. First of all, he says he means a well and second of all um in terms of the way the brah is formulated we don't say the bra quite like that says the way to say the so again the both seem to say the mitzvah is to blow the comes the rush and the rush quotes alam says the to make is so you have the smug the shus the rush they seem to say the mitzvah of rash is to blow the I mean what else you know that's of course that's the mitzvah everyone comes to shul to blow the cha on the other hand you have the Rambam the Rambam could not write in more places that the mitzvah is not to blow the cha it's very interesting I saw in Yazikarin Yik is written by Rabbi Sax Rashiva Landers I heard him say this many times that the Ram writes in seven places that the mitzvah of is to listen to the so my humble addition is there are eight places okay there are eight places in The Rambam where the Ram says the mitzvah is to listen to the sound of the number one the Rambam in the beginning of he has like a he has a heading you know before even the chapter the Ram has a a little heading the Ram says the mitzvah is number four there ain't no mitzvah to blow the mitzvah is to hear the raf mitzvah say shall True. The mitzvah is to listen. I have a question for you. You steal someone's fillin and you put on someone's fillin. Why not? Let's say you steal someone's titus and you you wear it. You get a mitzvah. No mitzvah. But says the Rambam, if you steal a you get the mitzvah, you get the mitzvah. How could that be? Would Rabin say that you get the mitzvah? You steal the mitzvah to blow the you stole the mitzvah. Says the Rambam. Let me explain to you what a shila. Let's say someone goes into a hardware store, steals a hammer, uses it to bang your nails into a suka, and then you sit in the suka because the hammer is not a the hammer is just the instrument with which you built the item to fulfill the mitzvah. There is no aer is not says a is merely the instrument to produce the sound. This the mitzvah is to listen to the sound. Their is secondary importance. There's no mitzvah to blow a therefore says number six. The only mitzvah is listening. You didn't touch the you didn't lift it up and you can't steal a sound. There's only a mitzvah to listen to the there is no mitzvah to blow the raf. So if those four three places are not enough, let's give you some more women are the mitzvah the 170th mitzvah. Yeah. you you accept what I'm telling you that the Ram holds mitzvah is to listen the Rambam in his minion when he summarizes the mitzvah this is the one I found the Rambam has a list >> what to do >> yeah I mean if you're not awake and the sound merely hit your eardrum without a certain cognizance you know that's also we have to discuss to What level do you have to what level of awareness do you have to have? Right? Um the Ram has a list of what is called means there's no way out it. They're not dependent on circumstance. They're not dependent on outside factors. The Ram says there are 60 mitzvah. And then finally Rabbi say the Ram wrote chuvas respons the Ram wants to know what is the between of says there's a very big difference the mitzvah is not to blow says meaning like this according to the Rambam The bala is like, you know, when you hire a guy to build the suka. The bala is not important. I mean, he's important. We need him, but it's not like a what did he do? He didn't do any. He imagine we're going to you with building the suka. What is there, by the way, is there a mitzvah to build the suka? It's not one of the 613 mitzvah. The mitzvah is to sit in the suka. There's no there's no mitzvah in the Tory to build a suka. The mitzvah is to sit in the suka. You listen to a boy. >> Oh, so we have to discuss that, right? >> Also, you make after you build the You're allowed to make >> You're allowed to make a That's because it's the could already be considered, but it's not technically one of the 613 mitzvah because you built >> it's because the the beginning it's a mitzvah. Well, the truth is building a is more than mitzvah. There's a famous you know why is it there's an Indian to bake mat. There's an Indian to build a suka. Did anybody ever hear Where are you going? I'm going to carve out the sche I have my whole my whole shaw is going today to and to to yank the off of the horn and we're having a we're all going and the Reb is going to be there and he's going to be taking a drill and carving out the you ever go in the in the middle page. You ever see the the minus went with his whole sh to carve out to drill out um the the horn of an aisle? No. No. Never heard such a thing. So why you go bake mat? Why do you go build a suk? So the writes a very important that some preparations they're not 613 mitzvah but it's a preparation that the Torah talks about. The Torah speaks about baking matzah. Therefore, preparing the matzah is an Indian. The Torah speaks about building a suka. Therefore, building a suk is an Indian. The Torah doesn't speak about making a cha. There is no Indian to make a cha. Okay? But says the Rambam. The Rambam says like this, the mitzvah is not to blow. The mitzvah is to listen. If the mitzvah was to blow, listen to this. Guess how many people in the sh would be say the mitzvah if the mitzvah was to blow? One. the bala. I have a question. You know, I'm very tired. Last night I was up late. Today is a long day. Do me a favor. Tomorrow morning, here's $10. Put on my fillin for me and have me in mind. Have me in Zin. Could you put on fillin for me? >> No. Why not? It's a mitzvah. If the mitzvah is to blow the How do you blow the shaer for me? How could you blow the for me? Says the rama of the mitzvah is to blow nobody would be say you can't shake a lula for me. You can't send a suka for me. you can't blow a for me. And in that case, therefore, if somebody heard the sound of the didn't blow, would not be say if the mitzvah was to blow or if the mitzvah was to blow, if you blew and you didn't hear, let's say you went like this, you um put your fingers in your ears and somebody put the cha in your mouth and you blew without listening, you should be safe if the mitzvah is to blow. But we know it's not the case. We know the mitzvah is to listen and not to blow. And therefore saysam would not have been if the mitzvah was to blow would have been even if he closed his ears but that's not the mitzvah and just like the mitzvah is the yeshiva and just like lula of the mitzvah is the not the one not tying it together the mitzvah of is to listen and when I listen I'm yay by listening and therefore there's only one to make. Okay. So that's the Ram. So you have the the all say the mitzvah is to blow. The Ram on the other hand seems to say very clearly could not be more clear. There's only a mitzvah to listen. I want to share with you chaser. beautiful thebornstein son-in-law of the Reba he says like this many in fact as far as I know every single the is as he makes the is covered it's why because we have a rule You have to make the bra immediately prior to performing. That's why you don't hold the fill in make the bra and then put it on your arm and tie it. You put it on your arm arm prime to tie make the brah and you tie it immediately. You don't make the brah on the talis whip it out of the bag and then be mat. hold it ready to be so that the bra could be immediately prior to the performance of the mitzvah to the extent that the says if there would be a scenario that you couldn't make a then you would not make a at all says we know that when a person gets married with now nowadays we don't get married with we get married with I don't know you know Ever at a guy pulls out his wallet, you know, here 500 bucks. You know, nobody gets married with sh. Now, the truth is you could give you give barley. Where does a ring come from? One of the only times. The ring comes from okay make and yet therm says why were so we know that there so has a what about there's no why because you can't make And before it's it's too early. You can't make a braha too early. It has to be immediately prior. That's the And since it can't be immediately prior, there is no. So you see if you can't make a immediately prior, you don't make a So the question is ask if you're going to cover the you're delaying the performance of the braha. You're making a braha and you're causing a delay before you perform the braha. You should not be allowed to cover the You should be holding the near your mouth and then blow immediately. >> What about you cover? You're not a delay. So he says a similar idea. He says the same way we cover the kala during kdes because since technically you could have made kdesh on kala and you're not making kdish on it's embarrassing for the that you're not making kdish on it. The truth is the is very embarrassed you know because the is a nothing the is a nothing it's not avah the cha is merely the instrument that is used to produce the sound. So everywhere you're going to say, think about the shame the has. Blessed are you, Hashem, that you commanded us to ignore the horn of the ram. The horn of the ram is nothing. You just commanded us to listen to the sound that emanates in the horn of it's for the and therefore we cover the inference to the that is. So just pointing out so basically we have two approaches here. We have the approach of the smag the rush the mitzvah is to blow the and the is and if you're going to by the way if you're going to make a don't cover the you're going to go like and you're going to cover the it's like a ste but we don't do that. We make we go like the Ram the Ramita is the mitzvah is to listen to the we make the and therefore we cover the not to embarrass the now what we need to do is we need to make such a big m like this that the smag the sh and the rush say the mitzvah is to blow the ram says the mitzvah is to listen it's a pretty wide mak and we're going to see that if If you look through a few gumaras and shass, shass is going to leave us with a very very narrow passageway to be able to understand really what the mitzvah of shy is. So let's begin the rush even though he quoted ram that the mitzvah is to blow the rava brings in the image. One who blows a has to say and likewise the bahag says not like and here's the proof that is wrong. You ready for this? Now ram was big. You know how big Raben was? The rush says was the greatest of all the say the and say was by the way besides being is very wealthy man he had over a hundred he had a castle you look he talks about for somebody who has hundreds of slaves talking about himself was god of we maintain his god we says the rush. I'm going to prove is not correct. You know how we know the mitzvah is not to blow. We all know the rush. If you blow in a pit, if you hear the echo, you hear this. If you blow in a pit and you don't hear the shaifer la the mitzvah is to blow the cha and there's no mitzvah to listen to the who cares if you hear the orcho what difference does it make the mitzvah is to blow the mitzvah is not to listen is a ray to the raam that the mitzvah is to listen to the chaer here you could not be more clear you have a mishnaash that says that if you blow the cha and you don't hear it you're not is a ray. The mitzvah is to hear it. If the mitzvah is to blow, you should be able you should be that's the r based on this. The rush says is not correct. He says um you do not make why. So that's the first question. And the question is according to how is he going to the says I think there's an early and he says very the mitzvah of we have a mitzvah to say shama every morning and every night every morning after uh after Mishyakir, right? Until this man, till the earliest man. Today the earliest man was what? 9:02 something like that. Yeah, about 9:02. The latest man was what? 9:40 I don't know. >> 9:40 something. >> Yeah. By the way, we're past that now. Right. >> Then there's another mitzvah at night to say after fine says 50 minutes after. Let's say a guy said the shah but he said it so quietly that his ear could not hear. So it has to be that you say it in a way that it's audible to the ear. Now you need to say it loud enough that you could hear it. >> But what's the mitzvah? Is the mitzvah to listen to or is the mitzvah to say shah? The mitzvah is to say but it has to be said in a way that it's audible to the ear. So too says Marsh, I'll tell you real is right and the smug is right and the shus is right. The mitzvah is to blow the but you have to blow it in a way that it's audible to the ear. The ear has to participate. It's not that the mitzvah is to listen. The mitzvah is to blow. There's no mitzvah to listen. But the same way by the mitzvah is to say it, but it has to be said loud enough that your ear could hear. By by the mitzvah is to blow, but it has to be blown loud enough that your ear could hear. Now he he admits it's not a perfect analogy because since is to say it if you said it and you didn't hear it you're still and by if you blew it and you didn't hear it you're not going to be so that's a little bit suspicious if you're not even if you don't hear it doesn't that indicate that listening is uh part of the mitzvah no blowing is the mitzvah maybe the smug is right but at least it has to be audible So, so far everyone is in good company. So far, nobody's in uh too hot water. Take a look at number 15. Another rash of a deaf person an imbe cannot be this is the rule. Anyone who's not obligated in something according to the and the mitzvah is to blow. So you're blowing somehow you're going to have to transfer your mitzvah to me. Yeah. So then you need to be of to be able to transfer it to me. It's obvious. If the mitzvah is to blow and I'm not blowing, you're going to have to transfer it to me. You will have to be obligated in the mitzvah in order to transfer it to me because of But I have a question for you. Can a or a build my suka for me? Yes. Is kasher. Why? Because that's not the mitzvah. The mitzvah is to sit in the suka. If the mitzvah is to listen to the sound in the why in the world can a not blow the not doing a mitzvah for me I'm doing the mitzvah itself they're not being might see me they're not doing anything they're just merely creating the sound and I'll take it from there thank you very much they're not doing anything for me there the mitzvah is when you're in a when you're in a make it your business that the sound waves of aer hit your eardrums So I was an is there were sound waves of aer and I made sure that I was cognitive enough that it hit my eardrums. Who created those sound waves? What's the if those sound waves if the the creation of those sound waves is the mitzvah and that mitzvah of creating the sound waves needs to be transferred to me. You need to be but if the mitzvah is merely to hear the sound of the then why can't blow the comes the shag and le Ginsburg famous shagasar I just so you know we made a bar mitzvah so you know it's a thing like at a bar mitzvah the boy should say over the shagasar so I found it's brought down that in a you should say over from the shagasar It's like it's a moo you should say over from Sakistan whether the people understand it or not whether the kid understands it or not whether the father understands it you know anyway so says from the fact that the is the ram is not correct >> it must be you know what the mitzvah of blowing. >> No, it can't be blowing because if you blow in a pit and you didn't hear it, you're not. It can't be listening because it was just listening. Why can't you see Shass has put us in like a strangle hold here? Because from the you blow in a pit meaning you blew and you didn't hear that means hearing from the blew that means the mitzvah is blowing. So which one is it? From it proves that the mitzvah is not blowing or the mitzvah is listening from we see the mitzvah is blowing says we see from here there are two parts of the mitzvah. It's a mitzvah that has two parts to it. It's a two-parted mitzvah. When else do we ever have a mitzvah that has two parts? Never. Never. But this mitzvah has two parts. There's a mitzvah to blow and there's a mitzvah to hear. You have to do two things. Luckily, sound travels very quickly. And you could basically fulfill both parts pretty in pretty much uh the same amount of time. You won't have to wait that long after you blow to listen. That's a good So if you're impatient, you know, you have ADHD and you say, "Okay, I blew. Now what do I have to do? I have to listen." Don't worry, it won't take that much longer after you blew for you to listen. Okay. But there are two parts of the mitzvah. There's a mitzvah to blow up two parts. >> Oh, okay. >> That's not a mitzvah. You're saying it's a violation. >> Okay. Yeah. Okay. That's a good analogy. But so the is that again let's just see from the gmorra that if you blow in a pit and you didn't hear you see the mitzvah is you have to hear from the Mishna that says can't blow you see the mitzvah is to blow well says the shag from here you see that the mitzvah is to blow and to hear I have a question for you friends the eight ramboms does the rambom agree that it's a two-parted mitzvah Absolutely not. I mean, the Ram could not be more clear. The mitzvah is only to listen and there's no mitzvah to blow. Well, if there's no mitzvah to blow, then why can't a blow for you? But the shagasar says, I don't know why, you know, Ram, that's your problem. I will tell you my opinion. My opinion is you're wrong. And that it's a it's a two-parted mitzvah. But uh we have to understand what is around the Ram certainly knew the Mishna that cannot blow the for you. Why not? If the mitzvah is to listen, why can't he blow the for you? So the Lush says something very interesting, something mysterious. Look at number 18 says even though we said that the mitzvah of is dependent on listening you're not going to be if you hear from anybody you're going to have to hear it from someone who's again even though the mitzvah is to listen you're going to have to hear it from someone who's but cannot be. Why? Listen to the words of Since God does not inherently want this mitzvah. How could he be mighty others? God doesn't want the kan to blow. How could he be mighty others? Plum. What in the world is talking about? God doesn't want his mitzah say how could he be mighty others? He's not being mighty anybody. He's not being when I come to according to I listen to the nobody's being mighty me and nothing. I'm doing the mitzvah myself. I'm allowing my ears to hear the sound waves. So what does mean that if the mitzah is listening but a kon can't blow because God doesn't want his mitsah so he can't be might seey me. So the Kaz says like this. Kaz says like this and in the mccroy kaidesh mccroy kaidesh was written by the shalim frank and on the bottom of the mccroy kaidesh are footnotes from kayen ken is the father of kayen of rashiva took us to hear from kayen kayen was one of the old he wrote he was a son-in-law of Frank he wrote footnotes on the mccroy and he explains as follows. By the way, when we were on he's buried right next to um Frank, his father-in-law. So, and Cohen say like this. Yes, the mitzvah is to listen to the sound of a let's say you come to shul and uh some you have a big ba there. He's wearing a kit, his talis and cup and he's blowing a saxophone and I heard it. So I did the mitzvah, right? Do I get the mitzah? Because the mitzvah is to hear and I heard. >> Yeah, but you need to hear a >> Yeah. What if a go blows the It's not a sound. So too the mitzvah is to listen to the but it has to be aly kosher sound cannot produce aly kosher sound which is somewhat hard to understand why do you need to hear well I understand why the gentile can't well even that is questionable why can't he you know he could build my suka for me, right? If a go so why can't he blow the if my mitzvah is only to listen and my mitzvah is not to blow but still says the says Frank if he's not in the mitzvah he cannot yes my is merely to hear the sound but if he's not in it he did not produce a sound which is a valuable sound to be able to listen to >> it's okay has been done So, >> so when we say is it means even if the guy puts down the now there's a that maybe it's not or maybe worse but the puts down the it's I'm not saying this if you're listening you say therefore I could get a go it's very questionable but the um without the it's okay but look at the Therefore is not good. Or look number you could say. Here's where it gets really complicated. Let's say a guy was in sh he randomly came into sh rash in the morning. He was completely oblivious to the fact that the sour was standing there ready to hear. He came into the shul because he had like a little uh he had a little twitch in his mouth and he was trying to you know loosen his mouth. So he gets up to the beimma and he randomly starts blowing on the cha and he blows the chaar and he blows 100 kilas and everyone listen to it. was and everybody heard. Why not? What are we missing? >> What are we missing? The guy is a yid. The guy is not a What are we missing? >> Ah, my mitzvah is to listen. We need We need one second. if the mitzvah is to listen and the only thing you need is aly kosher sound. So what did this guy not do? So you'll have to say that if he wasn't to blow aly kosher sound then it's not aly kosher sound. And here's where we get into the chokeold that has no answer. The bala gets up to blow and he has in mind I'm blowing. I'm not being mighty anybody. >> I'm not being I'm not getting paid enough to be mighty. Everyone they want to volunteer. I'll volunteer for myself. But it's not fear. Them gets the big bucks. They pay the and the covet some. I'm not being to be nobody. or >> why in the world? >> The mitzvah is to hear a sound. The guy's a he was to blow tea mitzvah. So he didn't have in mind to be mighty. Guess what? Good morning America. He's not being according to the realm. He's not being mighty in anything. He Why should he have to be mighty you? It's a mistake. The guy who builds a suk let's say a guy knocks builds a suk Jew builds he's not having to be imagine a guy said I'm sorry I built your I forgot to be mu I forgot to be what do you have to be mitzu in you're not I set the table for you I forgot to be mitzu in setting the table >> I cooked the food for I forgot to beu in the chant can be but the has to be kosher always has to be kosher right but Here's the chokeold. The chokeold is according to the You want to say is no good because cannot produce a sound of a mitzvah. Fine. You want to say is cannot create a sound of a mitzvah. Fine. But how in the world are you going to get out of the following chokeold? Why does the Balta have to have the people in mind to be mighty? He's not being mighty. I have a question for you. The B could steal a not because there's no mitzah to blow the There's no mitzvah to blow a It's not a mitzvah in the If it's not a mitzvah in the Why does he have to have you in mind? Comes the drummer and he says it's a riot to the Shagasar and the Ram's not right. There's no way to answer this question. It's a raya. There are two parts of the mitzvah. There's a mitzvah to blow and there's a mitzvah to listen. Luckily, you don't have to wait too long in between the two. It's a twoparted mitzvah. When else do you have a two-part mitzvah? Never. Here, the first day of the year is the only time you have the two part. But the ram, there is no way that my manities would ever be able to answer this question. In other words, we're going to get the ram in the following chokeold. You ready? We take the Rambam. We say Rambam. The Mishna says in if you blow in a pit and you didn't hear, you're not you need to hear. The Mishna says on that blows can't be you need to blow. Ram says not you need to blow. You just need to create a sound of a mitzvah. Then we say Rambam if all you needed to do is create a sound of a mitzvah. Why is the that the Baha has to have in mind to be mighty the people that approved conclusively that there's a mitzvah also to blow the prom is very nice but the Ram doesn't say that the Ram says in eight places the mitzvah is to listen the mitzvah is to listen the mitzvah is to listen the mitzvah is to listen there's no mitzvah to blow you could steal a from so why does have to have the people in mind shagasari says look Rambam you may have come before me But I got this one right. There's a two-parted mitzvah. But what's the Rama going to do? So I'm going to tell you now what I think is the definitive lambdos on the myth of I heard this from Rabian Sachs who said he heard it from Rabashar Salvich. It's in from Salvich. I once heard it years ago from Rabbi Emanuel Bernstein who is the son of one of my favorite rabb of Isaac Bernstein. I heard from him many years ago. I even emailed him. He said it's an Azar. I said where? He emailed me the Azar. The azer says something almost but for the sake of the sh we're going to say it all as one. There might be a slight difference between and then last year they came out with the from that this actually is in the newest edition of says this and in the footnote on it says that Rutderman said that this comes from Salanter. So you got yeah sax shakar salvich a nervous wherever you come from litfish yeshiva universe whatever you want they all say it okay it's going to revolutionize your understanding of every single mitzvah every mitzvah has two parts to it but usually you can't differentiate Every mitzvah has an act and every mitzvah has a fulfillment. Usually they're the exact same thing. For example, let's say I talk about the mitzvah of fillin. What's the act of fillin? >> Tying the fillin, right? What's the fulfillment of fillin? Tying the fillin. It's it can't be separated. Titsus. What's the act? Putting a wearing the tits. What's the filament? Wearing the tits. Okay, there are some mitzvah that the act and the fulfillment are separate. For example, the says the last mitzvah in the mitzvah of safer. So, let me tell you an interesting thing. Many people are not aware. What's you spend $40,000 you paid a sipher to write a safer tora. You then donated it to the shaw. What mitzvah do you get? You get the mitzvah of supporting a but you do not get the mitzvah of why not cuz it's not yours. You gave it to the people think you need to write aar that you're keeping it for yourself so that you could take it back one day. No, you need to write a that you're keeping for yourself to get the mitzvah of safer. It's not a mitzvah unless you own the safer. If you wrote it and gave it to someone else, no mitzvah at all except for being a poor cipher. So what do we see from here? The mitzvah is owning the safer. Really the mitzvah is to own it. What if my father wrote a safety and I inherit it? So now I own it. Do I get a mitzvah? No. What do you mean I own it? >> No, the mitzvah is to write it. Well, this is to write it. Why can't I write and give it to the No, the mitzvah is to own it. So, what would the share say? There are two parts of the mitzvah. There's a mitzvah to write it and there's a mitzvah to own it. No, that's not the says it written. >> The mitzvah, the way you fulfill the mitzvah is by owning it. But you have to fulfill it through an act. And that act is writing it. The writing it is the mitzvah and the ownership is the mitzvah. Got it? The the kum the fulfillment is the ownership. The act is the writing. Here's a rare instance where the the act and the fulfillment do not happen simultaneously. So if I inherit my father say I don't get the mitzvah. I but I fulfilled it. You can't fulfill. You didn't do anything. You could only fulfill it if it was through an act. By the way, if you buy a safe for so now I own it. But where's my act? The act of buying there's a kadesh is tantamount to writing. So there you have both the act and the ownership. Okay? So in other words, you see from the fact that if you inherit a safer that you're not mim that you need to write it. You see from the fact that if you give it away that you need to own it. Is it two parts? It's not two parts. There's and there's there's the act and there's the fulfillment says and the examples of gives I'll give I'll give you I'll say over you have a mitzvah of what's the mitzvah of you have to eat meat. You drink wine. That is the fulfillment of the mitzvah. That's the act of the mitzvah. What's the fulfillment? >> Being happy. >> I'm in a good mood already. I'm in a good mood. I took a pill. I'm in a good mood already. >> I'm happy. I don't need to eat the meat. The answer is no. That's not a misa. You need to. The misa is eating the meat. The fulfillment is a state of happiness. If I reach that state without doing the if I ate the meat and I'm not happy maybe also I wasn't a sky in the mitzvah. >> Okay. What's the mitzvah? The mitzvah is to mourn. What's the mis the fine comes the mitzvah of the shagasar you say? Well the mitzvah has two parts. There's a mitzvah to blow and there's a mitzvah to listen. No, that's not what the Ram holds. And it could be that's not what holds and it's not what the smile holds. It's not what the holds. And the truth is, you know what? Maybe everybody agrees. There are two parts of the mitzvah of the act of is to blow the sha. The fulfillment of shaar is to listen to the sha. But let's explain. Why can't you put on fill in for me? >> Why can't you put on what part of fillain can't you do for me? >> An act you could do for me. I have a question. >> I can't uh I have a mitzvah to mal my son. How could I point a to m my son? The mitzvah is on me. I have to m my son. How could you do that? You can't put on fillin for me. So why could you mal my son for me? You can't put on fillin for me. So why could you write a safer toyra for me? Why could you write a safer tyra for me? You can't wear fill in for me. The answer is acts you could do for me. You just can't get credit for me. So you could write the safer tyra for me. You can't own it for me. I can't say do me a favor. You buy safe for yourself and have me in mind. You can't own a safer tyra for me. You could write it for me. You could do a You can't get credit. I'm going to get credit for the mitzvah for you. You can't get credit for people. You could do things for people. You can't get credit for them. You could write a safer for me. You can't own it from me. You know why you could blow the cha for me? Cuz blowing of the chaur is merely the act. And I could appoint you to blow the shaer for me. But you can't listen for me. The listening is the fulfillment is the credit. I got to do that myself. The reason you can't put on tin for me is not you can't do the act of putting on fillain. You can't get credit for the mitzvah of for me. Therefore says the says and we're going to see this really comes from the there are two parts of the mitzvah of but they're not. There's the act and there's the fulfillment. The fulfillment is listening. Listening I got to do myself. There's an act. It has to come through an act. The same way. If I inherit a safer if I merely walked into and I hear blowing the cuz that's not a mis of furthermore you blew the and you didn't have me in mind. I'm not yitz. >> Why am I not y but I was the mitzvah. But the answer is I still need you to do the act for me. And in order for you to transfer the to me, you need to have me in mind. Otherwise, the ma doesn't transfer. And what we just said in about five words, the whole year says in about five words. Look at number 32. Hagrash and the of Shas number 32. I told you the bottom ones in the pile are the really good ones. Some of you don't have 32. If you want to have 32, I'll be nice before Shana. I'll be nice. I'll give you ones with 32. How's that? Go. Take it with Take it with the 32. You can have both. You could have the without the 32 and with 32. >> Okay. The blowing is the act. The is the fulfillment. Look in the footnote. This I I love this. Look in the safe for mass of the answer of and he says would be at the time of listen to this that according to this when you're listening to the sound of the you need to have two number one you need to have a mind to fulfill the mitzvah d of listening to the sound of the that's the and you need to have in mind to get his mess that's a so it means you really should be thinking two things at the time of the first of all the fulfillment is listening and for that I don't need you but there's another thing it has to come out and I need to get credit for your messa so I need to have in mind to get your misa so it comes out this is really the lumbus of sal you thought you were going to come before I was going to give you m from salant no who am I to give you but longest from salanta I could give you so what's the mus between ramag and the sheltus against the raam if everybody agrees that the mitzvah is the and the mitzvah is the so what's the mus the is when we formulate A braha how is the braha formulated? Is a braha formulated based on the act or is a braha formulated based on the say we would make a bra on a and not on the kum the truth is we usually do usually the braha is on the act of the mitsah not on the k I'll give you an example do you remember the bahag the bahag who we are for holds that the mitzvah of is one long mitzvah and therefore if you miss one day you blew it. So I have a question for you. If it's one long mitzvah how many braha should we make on >> one bra why then do we make a bra every night >> says the brisk what do you mean why? Yes, the you're only the when you've done all 49 days. What's the act of the mitzvah? The act is counting 49 times. Therefore, when do you make a bra? When you fulfill or when you perform? You make a braha when you act. So, of course, the bahag agrees the kum is one when you've done all the nights. But the act of the mitzvah is each night. Therefore says the says I'll prove to you that each night is a separate mitzvah because it was only one mitzvah and it was then you should only make one says the brisk not so fast you should only make one. We make it's not on the on the mitzvah. We make on the mitzvah. So even though you only fulfill the mitzvah if you did all the nights but each day is a propherate performance and you make the I'll give you another example. There's a custom when you build a new house you bring in your RV your reba your rashiva and you invite him to put up your mazuza. Why? >> That's strange. You're asking him to do what? To put up a muzza for you. And by the way, who makes the braha? He makes the bra. Does he have a mitzvah to put up the muza? >> No. No. >> He has no mitzvah to put muza. Is he Mim a mitzvah when he puts out the muzza? >> He gets no mitzvah. It's not an Indian. It's not his house. He's not muza. He doesn't get a mitzah and he puts in the muza. >> So how could he how could he make a braha? How could this rabbi make a bra by putting up your muza? That's the brisk wants to know. He's not any he doesn't have any >> could could he be my to put on my so why is he allowed to he's he's not in the sky many mitzvah >> what's he doing >> I have a question if somebody makes somebody puts sitsus on your begged he could make a braha no so why when he puts a muza on your house could he make a braha the answer is that when I put up your muza I don't fulfill a mitzvah you fulfill a mitzvah but I am doing the ma mitzvah I can't get a go to put up that muzza and if I'm doing a ma mitzvah we don't make on fulfillment we make on the act of the mitzvah. So I might not being being a mitzvah but I'm doing the mitzvah and therefore I can make a bra. So we see in general and therefore the smog the shis all say I agree to the raam the mitzvah is to listen to the sound of the obviously if you blow in a pit you're not going to be yo if you don't hear it but the act of the mitzvah is still blowing and since that's the act of the mitzvah the way the bra should be formulated is so then what does ra so there are two ways of saying this one way of saying it is as follows. The Rambam is how says it. The Rambam agrees that the act is blowing the chaar and normally we make on the act. But in this scenario where the fulfillment is simultaneous to the act and it's happening at the same time, it is correct once it's happening at the same time to make the braha on the kum. Or maybe the raom holds no, we don't make braas on the act. We make a brah on the k. I'll give you an example. You have a woman. She's getting married on air of shabas. The problem is the problem is that the wedding is going to go into shabas. So when is she going to light the candles? So if we tell her to light the candles by the time the is over it's going to be shabas. So we tell her like this. Either light it before Shabas, have in mind not to be mabo shabas and then afterwards make the braa or have a light the candle says the mugram and then make the bra. >> Yeah, it's before. So either she lights it before or or or Okay, but the question is how do you make a brah on the candles? How do you make a brah on the candles after they were lit already? What's the what's the mitzvah of lighting candles Friday night? The act is to light them. Do you fulfill the mitzvah the moment it's lit? What's the fulfillment of the mitzvah of the candles? The kum is to be to use it. So says the if she's not going to make the brah when she lights it, she'll make the bra later. Make the bra later. She ain't doing anything later. No, she is. She's being the sky the mitzvah later. So you see there is a concept sometimes that you could make the bra when you fulfill the mitzvah. One more example and then we'll wrap it up. Minam says if you put up a muza before you moved into the house and then you move into the house later you can make a bra later cuz even though the act is putting up the muza the fulfillment of the mitzvah muza is by living in a house that has a muza in it but I'm not doing anything. I didn't do a ma mitzvah. So you see that sometimes you can make a on the key of let's just point out one thing this is the question of if you're going to say if you're going to say that the blowing of the is the mitzvah so now we're changing the ra until now we said the mitzvah is to listen and blowing is like taking a hammer and building a suk which is nothing so that's why if you steal aer you could be. But what now that we're saying that blowing the is the mitzvah, then why do we say that if you steal a you could be at the isn't it still a mitzah? Maybe the fulfillment of the mitzvah is not but the mitzvah is ba. So in number 33 says that the pul of mitzvah is only in the fulfillment of the mitzvah but not in the act of the mitzvah. That's what would say for the Rambam and that's the of the Rambam that the mitzvah of according to this from the from Brisker and others the the act of the bl the mitzvah the excuse me the mitzah is blowing the therefore it could be stolen however it still needs to be transferred to you you still need a god you still need the god not to be mass and more than that you need the to have you in mind. However, it is not the fulfillment of the mitzvah. Fulfillment of the mitzvah is the listening to the and therefore according to this recommends when you hear the sound of the first of all have in mind fulfill the mitzvah of listening to the and have in mind that the act of blowing should be transferred to you as well. 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