Remember & Keep the Shabbat - Rabbi Yitzchak Breitowitz

[Music] hakama raises a very very fascinating question in parsha Struma Kadesh barkal gives moshe a very detailed list of instructions regarding how the michigan is to be constructed and that continues into parshas to Tsavo which is the big day Kahuna the garments of the co-ed and even the beginning of kiss ISA this is all before the golden calf there's some concluding instructions about incense and the oil of anointing the Shemin huh Mishka and then at the very end the last thing Moshe hears before he goes down and sees the dolt golden calf is he has given the I read it reiteration of the mitzvot of keeping Shabbos and this is the famous passage for sham Reuben a Israel as a Shabbos the Jewish people should observe the Shabbos Lazos SH Abbas lizaresandrea Salaam to keep the Shabbos as an eternal covenant Rashi explains that why is Shabbos put here what is the point God is giving Moshe Commandments about the Michigan why is there a reference to Shabbos here so Rossi explains that Hashem is telling Moshe that even though I commanded you to build the Michigan and that's a great Mitzvah nonetheless when it comes to Shabbos the building of the Michigan is suspended and indeed as you know the whole definition of what is a prohibited melaka on Shabbos is based on the thirty-nine activities that were involved in the construction of the Michigan so according to Rashi the reference to Shabbos at the end of the Michigan is designed to put a limitation on Michigan meaning there's a mitzvah to build a Michigan don't do it on Shabbos now then of course a lot of things happen Moshe comes down there's the golden calf Moshe goes up and down praying for forgiveness the final time he goes up on Rosh Hodesh lol he comes down forty days later on Yom Kippur with the second tablets and the day after Yom Kippur is this parsha where he gathers the Jewish people and he commands them of to Michigan but he premises his commandment about the Michigan with the mitzvah to keep Shabbos so the messenger custom asks the Raschi again says the same comment that Moshe is saying that Shabbos is more important than Michigan and therefore even though there's a mitzvah of Michigan Shabbos takes precedence but the question that Rashi does not address is why is there a change of sequencing when Hashem is speaking to Moshe he first gives them the details of the Michigan and then he mentions Shabbos we shall move in Israel as a Shabbos when Moshe is speaking to B'nai Israel he first mentioned Shabbos and then mentions Michigan now if you look in Rashi Rashi says the justification or the meaning of the juxtaposition is identical in both cases that Shabbos overrides Michigan so if that's the case why is there a difference in sequence this is the question of the of the measure Karma he asks two more questions in Kisa when Hashem gives Moshe the commandments of Shabbos after the details of Michigan it begins with the statements ah as Shub so side Tish Maru ah only be careful to keep my Shabbos so Rashi points out based on rabbinic interpretation the word asked is always a limiter it always limits the scope of a law and therefore its limits mish gun that you don't build Michigan on Shabbos the question is very obvious if it would have said access Myshkin II give no then I could say Michigan is being limited but the word act does not appear in the plastic about Michigan the word ask appears in the plastic about Shabbos so if you're going with the theory that ah is a limiting force it would not be limiting Michigan it would be limiting Shabbos the Act is in the wrong a place to limit Michigan and a third question the message across masks is the following when it describes the violation for the district raishin of Shabbos in Kisa it's which is Hashem speaking to Moshe it says mescal ilaha most you must those who desecrate Shabbos and again we're not going over the laws of capital punishment but you have to have two witnesses it has to be warning it's very rare but it says those who desecrate the Shabbos most you must they shall surely be put to death in vehicle when Moshe is communicating this message to B'nai Israel he says Karla acerbo Malaka anyone who does malathion Shabbos you must shalt die now granted practically there may not be much of a difference between you know very certainly being killed and just being killed but still why does the Torah vary the language why does it say in kiss ISA when Hashem speaks to Moshe most Hamas and in-vehicle it says you must write difficult well it and but I'll you'll notice in the Torah when the Torah talks about capital punishment sometimes it uses the double emphatic most you must and sometimes it uses the less emphatic you must shall be put to death what exactly would be would be the difference so here domitius Kaufman introduces a very very interesting aspect of biblical interpretation and that is the notion you know there's a whole genre of literature whether it's science fiction or political writing which tries to deal with alternative history they're also websites alternative history what would have happened you know had Kennedy not been assassinated you know what would have happened if God forbid Hitler would have would have conquered England you know how would that have that would have changed the war right or Lindbergh would have been president whatever is people make you can make saneras and all sorts of things so the measure customer will have them applies the same idea to the Torah the Torah itself could have taken different forms depending on the fate or ego and not to say there you go meaning this is an amazing thought really if you think about because you're going to blow your mind in the following way on one hand the Torah pre-existed the creation of the world but the Torah was God's treasure many many generations before there was a world the famous statement of Kazan his Tokyo Bo Raisa God looks into the Torah and God creates the world the Torah is not a response to the world the world is the response to Torah the way the way many more fortune like to describe it it's not that because we have parents Hashem said honor your parents it's the other way around since the Torah says you have to honor your parents so there have to be parents that you honor meaning the world is built around the framework of the Torah and yes and yet this is the paradox although the Torah predates the creation of man and the creation of the universe the very content of the Torah is contingent on the decisions that human beings make for which they have free will there's no question the Jewish people that free will to sin with the golden calf or not to sin because God does not take away for you all except in very rare cases like pyro there's no question the co-rect didn't have to sin there's no question they didn't have these bites so what form would the Torah have taken had about good God knows the future God knows the end of the story before it happens so God could safely write the Torah based on what he knew we would design but at least in theory there has to have been a plan B in a plan C and and alike and the measure comes mahadesh that this is not only true in narration meaning obviously if there wouldn't have been a fate or a go there wouldn't have been a hate or a goal in the Torah but even in hwacha how lucky' itself would have assumed alternative configurations had there not been a sin of the golden calf and then it assumes a certain iteration because of the sin of the golden calf because halakhah itself meaning the holistic structure of the Torah may be subject to contingencies of human choice based on this let's consider the following on one hand we have a halakhah that says thou shalt not build a michigan or based on mixes and shadows right that's very very clear we cannot build a base of Accession Shabbes we know that on the other hand there's another Ibaka which is equally true that's the core Bono's of the carbon tournament the daily offering and the carbon Moussa they are brought on shelves if you would walk into the base of mix it's lucky we don't get these demonstrators shabbos demonstrators into the base of miktex there was a what do you mean you're shutting the animals on the place of mixes right I mean you're shifting and you're cooking and you're burning and you're doing all sorts of Miletus this is a well-known ha'la'tha now it's true you don't bring a private carbon on Shabbos if I have a sin-offering or whatever it is I do not bring it on Shabbos I have to bring it during the week but the Corbin Seabourn the communal offerings the carbon thumb is the carbon Moussa lighting the menorah burning the Qataris this was done on Shabbos this was done on Yom Kippur if Erev Pesach falls out on Shabbos then we shed you know hundreds of thousands of people which have their korban Pesach shifted and and the the inner the inner parts of the core bonus would be brought on the altar on Shabbos so what's the hillock I can't build the base on Mukesh on Shabbos but I can bring all of the carbon Oh Sun shadows so the metric hakama says the logic of the silic is the distinction this is a holistic category between what is called mitzvot and what is called Heckscher mitzvot mitzvot is the actual act of serving God Heckscher Mitzvah is the necessary preliminary preparation for the ACT right this is obvious and many of you you are both sitting in a Sukkah is the mitzvah building a sucker is not a mitzvah it's a extra mitzvah eating matzah is a buying or baking masa is after Mitzvah right Waring's fillin is a mitzvah buying tefillin or even writing filling is a have Sherman sir right there's a concept of Mitzvah versus preparation for a mitzvah bris meal is a very good example bris Mila if a baby is born on Shabbat so you know boy and so therefore the eighth day of birth will be a Shabbat so we do a bris meal on Shabbos even though obviously Brit Milah itself is a desecration of Shabbos by causing bleeding and the light and yes even though a Brit Milah is dhoka Shabbat you certainly cannot drive to a bris on Shabbos I don't mean I don't just mean a guest a guest obviously couldn't but even the mohel who has no other way of getting there or even the baby if the baby needs to be transported no we're not talking what's our country just for the bris the halacha is certainly not and the difference is it is the mitzvah of Mila that overrides Shabbos not what is called the Heckscher mitzvah now there is one opinion in the Gemara which is not the halacha at all the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer who actually says just like Mila is dr. Shabbos mocchi rim of Mila also dr. chopstick more even gives you a very crazy hypothetical to show you how far Rebbe Eliezer allows any aspect of the Brit Milah to be Doha Shabbos the Glarus says according to Rabbi Eliezer on Shabbos you could cut down trees to make a fire to furnish a knife to to make a knife which will be used in the bris odds can they talk the master of a master of a master of a master is dr. Shabbos but that's a dossier ok and it's absolutely clear Liholiho no question about it that only the Mitzvah is dr. Shabbos not the Mishima so now the metric achma says that same paradigm applies to the avodah in the basin mikdash the mitzvah of serving Hashem is through the corbino's that we bring but we can't bring those corbino's unless we have a michigan or a basa McNish so the carbon SR Dhokla Shabbos just like a bris is dr. Shabbos but building the base on Mick - is only a healthcare Mitzvah - or the michigan saint same thing Michigan based on Mick dodge later is only a hexer mitzvah to be able to do the carbon oohs and the avodah and therefore it's not dr. Shepherds right that's the dichotomy of Aveda versus Heckscher so says the Misha Kozma that is only true after the seder ago had there not been a golden calf had there not been a seder a girl we could have built a Michigan even on Shabbos now this is a total theoretical halakha because by the time the Jewish people found out about the Michigan there already was the Cato a go but seer ethically and therefore the metric Hoffman says not like rushing the reason why when Hashem speaks to Moshe the first 40 days in har c9 he first mentions Michigan and Shabbos is secondary is because under the original plan Shabbos would have been subordinated to Michigan and Michigan would have been Delta shabath I'll explain why in a moment it is only after the freighter a gal that Shabbos has priority over Michigan no that's absolutely not like rocky but according to this idea the sequencing indicates the priority of the two Commandments and therefore Michigan before Shabbos indicates that Michigan is dhoka Shabbos Shabbos before Michigan indicates that Shabbos overrides Michigan and therefore the Nazca Mina the difference in the sequencing is based on the status of the Jewish people premature pre a go and post a talk now why would there be a been a difference because at ma tante or before the sin of the golden calf we reached an extraordinary moderator of kedusha we reached a level of Adam Harris before the fate of the eight sadhus a very amazing thing we actually achieved immortality the Gemara says had there not been a say to a go we wouldn't have that we wouldn't have died back the Gemara even quotes say i big mari even quotes a somewhat humorous statement of rich luggage that rich lucky says we have to be grateful to our forefathers for sinning because if our forefathers didn't sin we wouldn't have come into the world they would have lived forever and we wouldn't have been born there would be no need to replenish humanity and therefore because they sinned we have a chance to be born into the into the world so we reached a very extraordinary level based on the level that we reached Hashem would be accessible to us in all places we wouldn't be limited to a certain place to bring core bonus we can bring car bonus everywhere God's glory fills the whole earth we could bring it in our backyard as a result why would a Shem then tell us to build a Michigan so the measure Kaufman says it's not because the Mishkan would be a condition for the bringing of Campinas we could have brought carbon us anywhere but the building of the Michigan itself would be a carbon it's an act of homage an act of glory an act of serving God meaning before the fatal ago we wouldn't conceptualize the Mishkan as something that enables the bringing of carbon us because we could bring carbon us everywhere we would have conceptualized the Michigan as a carbon itself albeit not an animal carbon if that's the case the same way the carbon SR dhoka Shabbos the building of the Michigan would be doha shamans and that is why in Kisa Michigan precedes Shabbos but once there's a faith or ego the fate of a cow introduces distancing we're no longer with Hashem on the same level it's true that Akash boricua in his rock omim and because of our Juba and Moshe Rabbeinu is prayer Hashem forgave us that is the great gift of Yom Kippur remember young Moshe Rabbeinu comes down with the second Lew house on Yom Kippur we sometimes forget you know we look at your kippers the Day of Atonement Yom Kippur is also the day of MOT I'm told in fact it's almost a strange thing a little bit why we celebrate Shavuos as the day of mad on Torah since the Luke house that came as a result of Shavuos were the Lu Coast that were broken as opposed to Yom Kippur but be it as it may even though Hashem forgave us and even though I sham renewed his covenant with us we were no longer zoca to be able to bring corbino's anywhere we wanted Hashem says you can approach me but only in a certain time only in a certain place and only in a certain way at that point the need for a Michigan changed it's not that the Michigan was a carbon but the Michigan was a condition to be able to bring a Corbin as you can only bring a Corbin in the Michigan as a result it got demoted from being an actual avodah to Hashem to becoming a half share a preliminary to the abode of Hashem and then you're back to the general principle only avodah is dhoka Shabbos mushy ray avodah are not Delta Shabbos just like mushy ray Mila I not dosa cheves and therefore the measure Hoffman says the sequence I didn't yet say how we answers the other questions I'll get to that in a moment but the sequence is mama very very brilliant when a Shem is speaking to Moshe it is before the sin of the golden calf before the fate of a cow that is why Michigan is before Shabbos because Michigan is more important than Shabbos Michigan will override shuttles but when Moshe is speaking to B'nai Israel this is already after the say Diego this is the day after Yom Kippur so Moshe understands the halacha now is Shabbos is more important than than Michigan and therefore the switching of sequence is a remiz to the hypothetical alternative reality that's the holistic structure of the Torah could have taken and would have taken has there not been afraid of a go and the mention I'm actually using this approach in a few areas that he'll often posits that the wording of the sukham indicates that halacha itself would have taken a different direction which is really in in some ways a very remarkable insight because it kind of suggests not suggest but it highlights in a negative way human input into the content of the Taurus that's our actions actually impacted on what the Torah says now that's certainly true narratives obviously if there wouldn't have been a golden calf there wouldn't have been a mention of the Phaedo a go but fascinatingly it even impacts in the allotted structures in the way the mitzvahs would have would have gone now how does this answer the other questions now it's very beautiful in key sisa it says ah as sharp so tiny only keep Shabbos now only since I'll say whenever it says only that's always a limiting so Rashi says the limiter is you don't build a Michigan on Shabbos that's roughly a trapeze picture but the question is obvious if art is a limiting word it would be limiting Shabbos not limiting Michigan says the measure karma exactly that Park is before the cato a go before the Phaedo a go it's Shabbos that would be limited not Michigan because the Michigan would be built on Shabbos in a konami now again this is not right this is not explaining Rashi this is how lake on Rashi and the fact I'll tell you exactly why Rashi could not possibly have even said the second I'll tell you that in a minute now what about the third question again in key sisa it says anyone that desecrates the Shabbos most you must shall certainly die in vehicle it just says you must shall be put to death shall die so let's ask a general question what exactly is the difference in in biblical language between most you mas and you mas so the more some say the rishonim say that most you mas is the mushroom that we use when the basin is authorized to execute somebody but when the basin is not authorized to execute somebody and it's only just in the hands of God we use the word you must so modes Hamas is Mesa BJ 'adam Hamas is Mesa be deja maíam now the question they might ask is why why is that so I mean you think that heavenly death is more certain the answer is actually not that the the a death sentence of a basin is more certainly to be carried out than heavenly death and the reason is any Gazzara from Hashem that a person's going to die for his sin in Hashem is ransom in that Gazzara can be annulled through the process of Cuba Shuba if it's sincere and of course a sham knows that whether it's sincere chuhwa can annul a heavenly death sentence Shuba can not a--not a human death sentence meaning if a person is convicted by a basin that they have to die even if their Chava seems to be so sincere we cannot cancel the sentence because of Shura and the reason of course is because it's as human beings we we can never get the depth of children so consequently a base-10 sentence is a most you must a certain death a heavenly death sentence is you must now but Shabbos is an earthly death sentence so why would say you mustn't Viacom so here's the master customer says a tremendous thing there is a general rule that capital punishments in the halacha can only be imposed which need as a matter of 23 many many rules but one of the rules is you can only impose capital punishment when there is a base on McNish when there's no base on McDuff or michigan you cannot impose capital punishment therefore here is the freshman in partial ski sisa when the Torah says if you desecrate shabbos your high of Mesa it's not talking about I desecrated shabbos by building the Mishkan because at that point I would be allowed to build a Michigan on Shabbos it's simply talking about desecrating Shabbos in the future well once you have a Michigan if you desecrate Shabbos you'll be high of Mesa just like the person who gathered wood and that's why it says most you must but precious for ya kale which is after the failure a girl that is mahadesh a new Holika that even the building of the Michigan is forbidden on Shabbos now if I violated that law and I built some of the Michigan on Shabbos I could not be executed by you based in because I committed my acts when there was no completed Michigan yet and therefore the only sentence could be Mesa be - am I am it could not be Mesa space right so this is a beautiful explanation of the of the Mesha Karma but now I want you to share with you a a thoughts from the miss Eva Shalom many of you maybe have learned is safer eNOS Eva she'll miss Eva Shalom is I don't want to say because see this for dummies that's a think there wouldn't be the right way saying but it is casitas for non cocina meaning many many people who want to have an opening in tsipras casitas so one of the titles that is recommended is the nasira's Shalom and he says a very very amazing thing there's a metric that tells us that the first Friday of creation and that was a busy Friday now we always talk about era of service as being a busy day this was quite a busy day Adam and Chava are created other men cava are expelled from the Garden of Eden Adam and Chava have two children kai into heaven the children are born on Friday and they're grown up on Friday and according to the chronology a novice driving doesn't know that you don't see this in blemish kaien Kill Devil on that Friday on that Friday quite an amazing thing Adam cava Kai in heaven all came into existence on Arif javis Cayenne killed several a narrow shadows all of it before Chavez there's all discussion when we're kind of in I were born where kinds of heaven born before the expulsion from GaN Eden or were they born after the expulsion that's a much locus in Hazael how to fit the chronology although it's very clear kaien didn't kill Havel till after the expulsion from GaN Eden so on that Friday other Makabe committed the commendeth sin that's resulted in expulsion from GaN Eden and kaien committed the tremendous sin of Sheila stomach of murder so inventions right before the setting of the Sun Adam bumps into Cayenne is only son at this point and says so what's going on with you and kyon says I did chuhwa on my sin and the Russian of the Metro says Venice posh RT and I made a deal with God I made a compromise with God like a plea bargain and Arthur Murray Sean then says there's such a thing as Chava I didn't know there's such a thing as Java and immediately other Mauritian began a song in honor of Shabbos mizmor sheer glioma Shabbos and the first verse of that song says Tove laho DOS lesson now the Meldrick is offering a little bit of a different translation the standard translation is it is good to give gratitude to Hashem the medgar interprets it is good to confess your sins to SM for he will forgive you so the memory itself is teaching us a very remarkable thing and you have to give credit where credit is due as bad as kyon was it is kyon that first brought the power of Shiva into the world kyon was the first vault River and according to the Madras it was kyon that who taught shuva to other Mauritian that's what the Metro says in fact if you look I believe in the sleeplessly curse of some Gedaliah there there's a sleeper that is mentioned on the different personalities who did shiva so Kylian is the first one that is that is mentioned but the question is what was it this is the Madras the question is what is client's language I did chuva the nist passatti and I made a deal with God he should have said I did Shiva and I was forgiven when in Crowell tea miss lasting what is miss Parton and also if mother my region is so overjoyed about the power of Shiva why does he combined it with Miz more sheer glioma Shabbos that's about Shabbos what is the shyness of chuva to Shabbos right so these are problems with the Madras so here's what the receivers shawm says the siva shyam says we have to go back and analyze the existential internal anguish of Khayyam as a result of his sin when Hashem finally confronts him where's your brother of course a Shem knows the answer to all these questions but he says where's your brother Galion and kyon answers with the very infamous words I show me rocky or No Fee I'm supposed to watch my brother all the time and I could Sparkle then says you know I know what you did and kyon calls out to God and he says God although I've only Minnesota my sin is greater than I can bear I will be a Navon nod Boris I will be a wanderer throughout the world I will wander from place to place and everybody that finds me will kill me and the pus ik says Hashem gave Kai in a sign right this is in English the Mark of Cain so that nobody should kill him now the simple meaning of the plus ik is the simple meaning before we get to deeper interpretations is that because kyon is the first murderer kyon now feels people are going to want to kill him but be like oh well I done and therefore kyon says I live in Cara I live in fear although it's a self-imposed fear because he created it it says anyone that sees me he's gonna kill me I need protection I need Secret Service so God says I'll give you a mark that people know nobody can touch according to Rashi by the way the Mark of Cain is actually a watchdog he gave him a pit bull or whatever it is to kind of protect him from being from being attacked so dogs feature very early in the semester Italian at the first guard dog to protect me this is the simple shot that when kyon says Nava nod and everyone I find will kill me he is literally afraid of his of his physical safety or concerned for his physical safety the deceiver shallow puts a whole different spin on kyon is not referring to physical endangerment he is referring to the emptiness Android of a person who is cut off from God because of his son Godot Ivo name in itself my sin is a greater weight than I can bear help it estranges me it separates me it's a crushing guilt that takes the life out of me and I'm no longer connected to you God because of my sin and I wander around looking to fill the emptiness in my life when a person doesn't have Hashem and there's a starvation in their soul they look for all sorts of ways to fill that emptiness whether it be drugs alcohol sex workaholism whatever it is and kyon is saying to God I'm gonna go here and there and there and there and they're looking for something that will fill me but I know it's not gonna be and everything that I encounter meaning every experience that I have is just gonna kill me more and more and more that all I have in life is the countdown towards them death and Oblivion this is a very powerful declaration kyon is not simply saying I'm worried people are gonna hurt me I need security kyon is saying where is my life what is my life Who am I and my life will just be an attempt to look for meaningful experiences in this and in that which I know will never satisfy me so now the deceiver Shalem says God responded by giving KY an assignment so this is his Kadesh the word is o s-- now the word oasiz used in connection with Shabbos ki OC vanie obey Nathan so ash M said to kyon the following it may very well be as most of your life will be empty and Angliss and not connected to God but I will give you the sign of Shabbos which will enable even you to be connected now here and that's what Cayenne means the deceiver show them says I made a push I ride with God what is Beshara Bashara is compromise what is it compromise you want something and you get part of what you want kaien is saying I want a life of connection God is telling him well you're not gonna get that 100 percent of the time mm-hmm but you'll get it one seventh of the time so now according to the Seba Shalom you see a very remarkable thing kaien gave us two gifts again this fits to the measure of how human behavior actually changes the Torah kaya gave us the gift of shuva and Kainan gave us the gift of service shot now again what would that mean I mean Shabbos after all is the reality that God no created the world in six days and rested on Shabbos but the meddra is saying that it became a day of closeness to Hashem as a gift to kaien for his children and therefore that is the meaning I did chuva and I got a compromise deal with the Almighty and that's why other Mauritian in the song of Shabbos says it is so beautiful to confess your sins to SM because he then gives you these gifts of spiritual spiritual closeness so against a remarkable remarkable remarkable thing that sometimes through the sins and the chuva that we do there are gifts that are revealed in the world that otherwise would not exist now this is a bit of a dangerous idea because this might suggest you know if you remember Jacob Frank Wright Yakko Frankie MA Schmo Shep sites me was the false mushiya that attracted thousands and thousands of Jews chaplaincy actually was quite a brilliant person and Kennedy was very very proficient in Kabbalah but he probably was seriously mentally ill in many many ways so chef Lacey is almost not responsible for what he did because he labored under under severe mental illness and delusion but one of the followers of sub-sites feet after his death with a fellow Yakko Franck and he started a whole movement in offshoot of sabeti ISM that was called Frank ISM and Frank ISM was a very very I we really called it an evil movement because the Franca's were not only you know Shabbos desecrators an eating trace which is bad enough but you know they were involved in murder rape all of those things and the theological postulate of Frank ISM was that since God loves the ball chuhwa more than he loves the person who never sins so we have to sin as much as we can so we can merit the light of repentance and become closer to God of course they never got to that stage never they never got to the Chuba stage but there actually was such a theology Redemption through sin so obviously that's perverse obviously that's corrupt but it happens to have a kernel of truth in it and the kernel of truth is one is never allowed to deliberately say one is obligated one is mostly off to exercise their free will to be as righteous as we could possibly be but it is the case that when we fail and we come back to a sham when we try to do the best that we could Hashem will give us gifts that perhaps we're not available prior to that sin but that only works if you tried not to send meaning to say if you deliberately sin you don't get those gifts right so Redemption by sin is by definition never going to work because if you deliberately do it you don't get any gifts as a result but kyon is an example my time is the example of the COAS of Chava giving us the gift of Shabbos and and and and the like you know it's interesting that some of you might be familiar I see them before Mincy of Erev Shabbos is stolen it's though a week Daniel huh they say to help him cook silent to heal him 107 now what is telling 107 this is actually the source of when you bench go mill it talks about the idea that Hotel FM Quito give thanks to a Shem because he is good key the almond pesto and it talks about different people that Hashem takes out of their predicaments it talks about people that are lost at sea and they're in a perilous sea voyage and there's a storm and they think that they're going to die when a Shem saves them yo doula Shem crusto that's the refrain they give thanks to a Shem because of his present and then I talked about people that are in prison who are desperate and again yo-yo lovscheim cast oh and then it talks about people who wander in the desert you know I'm not getting the order right and then it talks about sick right so the emesis the Gemara says the four basic categories that have to give thanks to wash em when he takes them out of their Torah are those that are enumerated in - Helen cook flagon and since the refrain is yo doulos Shem costo they should give gratitude to our Shem for his loving kindness that is the Makah of burkas ago mail so the four are those who wander the desert the sick person who recovers the one that is imprisoned and the sea voyage now it's interesting interesting question by the way you're just you know the common Minako alum is that when we take a flight to the United States or a flight over ocean we actually recite go Mel right that's the common custom if you think about it it's not so obvious that that would be the case because because here's the thing there is no unique in other words it is true and in a literal sense well I traveled on the ocean so I got a bench go melt but there's no unique risk of an airplane over the ocean meaning me mother sure you can say air flight is dangerous although it's actually much safer than than driving although I'm a nervous flier so I have to tell myself that but if anything a pilot will actually tell you that in some ways if God forbid a plane has to land it is actually easier to land on water than to make an emergency landing on land because you know it hits something all right so in a sense to say that the reason I bench go Mel on an airplane is because I went over water really makes no sense because there is no extra risk those if you take the position that air flight is dangerous then I should make it whether it's land or sea and if you take the position air flag is not dangerous then the fact that it's over water doesn't make it more dangerous it makes it less dangerous so there are Postum that actually say well they go in opposite directions either there is no reason to bench go Mel on an air flight at all or if there is a reason you bench even if it's over over land this kill look that we make between ocean and that ocean is not so it's not so clear but nevertheless that happens to be the minute because in the most literal sense you've traveled over the ocean therefore you make the baraka of how go Mel now the other benching of go Mel just you're in any other danger that's already also a mock locust I mean obviously we bench go Mel for things like God forbid somebody was a it was an a terrorist attack and they were they were safe but I know that it's interesting that maybe obviously Israelis are tougher than Americans you know I American rabbis post-convention go Mel much more often than Israeli rabbis I'll give you an actual example let's say you're sitting in a bus and the seat and back of you is empty and a big big rock or projectile comes flying through the window and it's two inches behind your head so you ask him Israeli rabbi afterwards you know if that rock would have hit me I would have died do i bench go Mel so the rabbi will say well the rock went to the rowing back of you really so you know you were not you were not endangered the fact that it was a different row yeah so it's interesting that you get you get used to certain things so what do you perceive as dangerous what not I mean for an Israeli rabbi like you know the rest has to like graze your forehead and then maybe you'll bench gomo but didn't graze your forehead you know it's not dangerous not dangerous enough but okay in America you know if the rack was thrown three blocks behind you or their arms it wasn't a dangerous a dangerous situation but the question is this this manag of reciting to hell in 107 before Mincy what exactly is the shock this is nothing easy with Shabbos it has nothing to do with Shabbos at all and this is not this far out generally this is actually considered I think I believe it's it's attributed to the Baal Shem Tov the Baal Shem Tov said to recite this chapter of the Hillman before ninfa and one of the explanations that's given again is a very beautiful explanation that these four people that are desperately seeking divine assistance are really metaphors for the spiritual brokenness that a human being can experience so there are some human beings who are drowning in the ocean of the ocean is often a symbol for hedonism and sensual pleasures in excess they are slaves to the typhus of Obama's own whether it's the rat race or whatever it would be they are the or day hye-young those who drown in the seas of secularism then there's another type of person who is imprisoned that is the person who lost the capacity to feel emotion anymore they're kind of dead inside they're locked within themselves deep depression but it doesn't even have to be clinical depression a person might even you know be functional but inside they've lost the capacity to feel deeply that's the person in prison the third category is the sick person that's the person who is filled with the rage in other words unlike the in other words the one in prison is the one who doesn't feel the sick person is the person who feels plenty but their feelings of rage and negativity anger resentment and then finally there is the one that's wandering the desert now this is a positive statement really this is the person who's looking for water he's looking for truth but he hasn't found it he's in a desert he's looking goes to Buddha's and whatever it is he's looking to find something that will feed his soul the inside of the Baal Shem Tov is that Shabbos is a hospital for the soul in which all of the different types of sicknesses whether it's the hedonist materialist whether it's the person who lost the capacity to feel whether it's the person filled with rage and resentments and whether it is the seeker after truth will find a connection to our College Barca on the day of Shabbos and it was the Baal Shem Tov's ruach ha'qodesh that saw in these physical archetypes for these physical examples archetypes of the various feelings and the various voids that we feel which calm us to seek out a Shem on the day of Shabbos and of course when we say that Shabbos is neshama USERRA an extra soul so really the the real translation of insomnia Saira is not so much extra soul that would imply you have one soul and then you get another soul but the shamea sarah means enhanced so enlarge so that at Shabbos Hashem gives us the capacity to connect to him in ways that we could not during the week now when I say capacity that doesn't mean it's a done deal there's a well-known statement of cause Al he who prepares on Erev Shabbos will eat on Shabbos that doesn't only apply to cholans and chicken although that's true also either either prepare by making it or by getting a good invitation that's also part of the preparation but it also refers to the spiritual food of service you want to get the soul food I don't mean collard greens and and watermelon but you want to feed your neshama on Shabbos you can't just walk into Shabbos and have it happen there's the work in preparation that we do before service that that allows you to your soul to take it in so Hashem gives us wonderful wonderful gifts but the gifts require some preparation on our parts to be able to receive those gifts you know the Rambam describes the ideal Erev Shabbos which I admit that somehow I also know I'm not always able to do this that you're prepared for Shabbos like several hours before Shabbos and you're sitting with eager anticipation as if you're expecting the queen or a king to be coming to your house this is called yo chef who meets a pet you're sitting and eagerly waiting some people have a minute that they actually set their sharpest and even of thousands not totally ready they set their Shabbos table some do with Thursday night some do it Friday morning and the whole day on a Friday therefore they're looking at a table that has already been set in honor of Travis and those who do it actually say it gives them a different mental orientation no reveal safe self-salvation we the famous of so vechicle il used to say that in Europe he knew in that were Shabbos hidden who kept Shabbos and in America he knows hidden that were Shabbos yet but the difference was in Europe he knew didn't that were Erev Shabbos yet that the aura of Shabbos was already an Arab Sabbath in America he didn't know when the Erev Shabbos yet because people work to the last minute and then like Clark Kent going into Superman you know changing showering or two minutes before Chavez so British M one of the things you see in Israel in Eretz Israel is that Erev Shabbos itself has a certain spiritual aura there is that there's there's really a concept that Shabbos kind of begins Thursday night that's one of the nice one of the very nice things for and all that that could be frustrating because you want to get some business done on Friday and you know just isn't isn't Bonanza but actually it's a very very beautiful thing that the rhythms of Shabbos are already brought into the Friday and we should try to do that in our personal life as well because the more we can prepare for the Shabbat the more earnest remote will be open to receive the the gift of Shabbat so base research and we should all take advantage of the brush of Shabbat which cause I'll describe as Hashem sang to us materna our cartier shinee basically knows I I have a beautiful gift in my treasure house to give you Shobana and it's name is Shabbos may all of us we Zota to the half chakra of causeou that if the jewish people keep to Shabbat odds the odds hang they go in they will be redeemed to me [Music] [Applause]