Transcript
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[Music]
okay hi everybody thank you for coming I
know that uh it's a very very busy time
of year uh on one hand I might feel
guilty dragging you away from PES
cleaning on the other hand maybe I'm
doing you a great favor to give you a
little break uh from all of that uh
physically very demanding work um just
to be sure people understand you know
the chabas before pesak is called chabas
aod the Great chabas and we'll talk
about that I just want to emphasize
though that a lot of people are thinking
that this shabus
is
shabas not at all because since NE since
PES will begin Mo shabat so shabas will
be a of P the only thing is that the
tradition that a rabbi gives a lengthy D
and shabas will probably be given this
shabas simply because the purpose of the
jha is to teach people Theos of getting
rid of and by the time it's the shabas
of of P it's a little too late
uh so in a sense this shabas will have
some aspects of shabas AG but it's not
shabas the reason I say this is because
one of the people who dedicated to she
uh wanted me to talk about shabas but I
think he mixed up the weeks he wanted it
to be this week it's going to be next
week so this week I will not be talking
about um shabas AAL but God willing next
week I hope to be able to talk about it
uh we have a lot of dedications
tonight again as always praying for the
the victory of in all the fronts of the
war the lasting Unity of the of Isel and
all those whose Health has been affected
by the war and the safe return of all of
the hostages and I would also add the
return of all families to to their homes
because they're still dislocation in the
country to B
Bena uh so we have a special dedication
by Mike kleene for his mother's yard
site which is gimmel Nissan
Bas peret Andor shandel and as R post
mentioned he did contribute all of the
delicious fruit cookies and drinks put
out for you to eat and drink and when
you make a br I want you to have her in
mind that the Mitzvah of the braa should
be an elevation for her Nish uh it is
also the artsite of Arnold Bramson
fourth of Nissan father of Michael
Bramson here I do have to un insert some
personal knowledge here Rabbi Michael
Branson who I actually saw this morning
was a very very beloved rebi and this in
the Silver Spring area he was one of my
son's favorite teachers he made Aliah a
few years ago and now he's a wonderful
Seminary teacher number of
seminaries uh in the usam area and uh
wonderful person and this is the art
side of his dad who was a wonderful
person as well and uh Michael rites
being one of the the very first students
in the myman school in Boston he formed
a special relationship with Rob salic
and he taught his children how to show
proper respect to rabim and why rabbis
are so important in our lives I knew
that I liked RAB
M that's why I liked Arnold Bron so much
he enjoyed a beautiful relationship with
all the rabbis especially in the Silver
Spring area and specifically with Ry
brius again I that is absolutely the
case uh Arnold was an O Shalom ver
Shalom I I never saw any type of anger
or tension or irritation in his life he
was
MOS and he truly was a role model of mid
toos and he passed it on to his son his
son is very much the same way I should
also add that I also uh knew Mrs Bramson
very well uh I don't remember her yard
set but I imagine there'll be a
dedication uh later when that comes and
she too was was a truly truly remarkable
remarkable
woman uh the entire series during
ad is sponsored by Reena and Marell in
honor and appreciation for for the
safety and success of the and return of
the
and and we then have an anonymous
contribution again for the of all the
and the messages to return safely and
healthy to their homes hashem's
protection for all of CLA Israel for the
GMA in these days mhia can come every
day except shabas and Y but the month of
Nissan is the most probable period say
we were redeemed in Nissan and the
future Redemption will take place in
Nissan as well so if you're praying for
mashia this literally is your best month
uh to uh hope and pray for the yearning
of mashiah and perhaps even this year
even this year we will be to bring the
carbon P around two and a half miles
from here uh soem uh all of you people
just have a local trip you can walk it
our brethren in other countries may have
more of a difficulty somehow they'll get
here one way or the other uh
but to the Corban P finally ban is
almost halfway towards its goal for it
Kim campaign to help people of lower
income to meet the expenses of P again
it's a there's a general Mitzvah but
there's actually a special obligation
before
PES uh to contribute it's uh there's a
link on the website and below in the
description box and again uh how can as
the Torah itself says how can we truly
enjoy our yump if there are people who
are not able to really enjoy their Y and
says the Widow and the orphan and the
poor are hashem's children so Hashem
says you take care of my children I will
take care of your children this kind of
a simmetry in that in that way okay all
righty so uh we're starting this week of
course the
third for many people it's a little bit
of a downer because B bous is so
exciting with great great narratives
andos we we have the Exodus okay by the
time you hit the mishan already maybe
your interest God forbid might be waning
a little bit but a lot of shos has
exciting narrative content but then we
get into the mishkan the latter third of
shos and then all these carbonos and all
of these sacrifices and so many details
uh it reminds you a little bit it's so
cute uh there's a line in Jane a who was
a precocious uh child and Jane a was
discussing her interest in the Bible and
she says I do love Genesis and much of
Exodus but when it gets to Leviticus
it's hard for me to concentrate and the
truth is that's the feeling that many of
us have and yet the medish actually
tells us that the first Kash that they
would teach young children we start with
braus every school's of the raous in the
time of the sages in the time of K they
started with the book
ofra when the 5-year-old starts Kish
they learn byra because it says little
children are pure they have not
committed sins yet and therefore let
those who are pure occupy themselves
with matters of Purity and Holiness so
VRA was studied even by young young
children obviously in in relatively
great great detail
and the issue of carban the truth
is the the details are actually very
very interesting but but we don't really
have time in a in a single share I mean
if if ever R poon wants to create an
additional Kish in which we would spend
the whole year on the book of aayra uh
that might be something to consider so I
can't really get into that much detail
in terms of all of the carbonos but I
just want to make a general observation
and that is is one of the theological
problems that people have with carbonos
is why does God care so much uh meaning
does God want barbecued meat God has a
thing and it even emphasizes oh the
corbon creates a
Reay a pleasant Aroma as if you know the
Mangal The Roasting meat somehow is
something that God likes what is the
notion of corbus so the truth is there
is a great great argument between rambam
my Manis and nak Manis ramban and that
is the rambam the rambam wrote a book
the last book that he wrote is the guy
to the perplex the
morim which attempts to kind of
reconcile the tenants of Torah with
Aristotelian philosophy and to show that
there's not a contradiction and the
Torah is accessible to some degree to
human reason and the rambam in giml in
part three of theim attempts to give
what you might call rationalistic
explanations for the Mitzvah of hasem
and he says with coronos the following
he says that the Jewish people at the
time of leaving mitam and until Matan
Torah were very very adok they were very
connected to
idolatry and in fact idolatry was a
recurrent problem throughout the
biblical period where the Jews are
always moving towards idolatry and
that's the main AA for which the first
temple was destroyed was aod Zora if we
don't feel that urge today that's
because the men of the great assembly at
the beginning of the second temple took
away
the and they get replaced with desires
for money the new idolatry or other
things like that but the oldfashioned
idea that I want to bow down to an idol
and worship and Idol we don't even
understand that today but that was a
very very very powerful y har and as a
result part of the attraction was the
pageantry the pump the circumstance the
Glorious sacrifices that were brought
God forbid culminating in human
sacrifices and theik it was just a
pageantry that appealed to people it had
a very powerful emotional draw so if God
were to Simply command us to go cold
turkey disengage from corbano and only
worship Him by meditation by righteous
acts we wouldn't be able to get away we
would have been pulled towards aod with
all of his attendant peoples so my manes
writes that corbano were not
intrinsically desired by the almighty
but it was a concession to the weakness
of the human personality in order to
give us a framework within the Torah
that we could serve him and not be n not
be pulled after idolatry so according to
the rambam the rambam seems to make a
fairly drastic statement that carbonos
are not intrinsically the will of God
but they are a means of weaning us away
from idolatry by giving us a substitute
that's a regulated
substitute
ramban asks a whole bunch of questions
on the rambam and the questions are
fairly powerful
and that is if Corban note are simply a
concession to the uh evil incl of
idolatry why would we pray for their
Restoration in the amida every day we
actually pray for the restoration of the
sacrificial right and of course on
chabas and on roses and on yomtov we
have the mus service which is
exclusively devoted fact if you look the
reform movement uh which indeed does not
subscribe to any sacrifices if you have
not that you you should look at a
reformed sitter or whatever but if you
look at the reformed prayer book you
will see that even those that try to
keep Hebrew and they try to stick to
whatever they could agree to in the
amida any reference to sacrifices is
pulled out but rest assured of course
that my manes did not D from a reform
sitter and I actually know that for sure
because in the Mish Torah he gives you a
sitter he gives you a sitter he gives
you the order of prayers and in his Musa
we pray for the restoration of carban so
ramban
argues that's not consistent with the
notion that corbano are simply a
concession to idolatry in many many ways
we're better off without the temple
we're better off without the corbano
we're serving God with prayer and
virtuous
action and uh once again he so because
of this commities adop says there's a
much more much more deeper and profound
idea of
carbonos but it is because of the
symbolic transformation of the
worshipper and that is that when I
commit a sin and I stand guilty in front
of God I should feel that my life is no
longer mine and everything that the
animal goes through I should feel it's
happening to me and therefore the reason
why the Corban is a pleasant fragrance
to God it's a metaphorical expression is
God gets
pleasure from how the
Corban transforms me it is the self
transformation that gives God pleasure
but human beings often need tangible
ritual acts in order to be symbolically
transformed
so there are mystical ideas here in
which the Corban is a vehicle of
transformation now this now H how would
the rambam answer the rambam's question
that that's a big big question so here
we get into a whole scholarly debate
whether the morim represents the
rambam's
true understanding of Torah uh there is
a view and some contest this view that
the rambam was writing morim for a very
specialized audience people who were
very conversent with
philosophy and not that knowledgeable in
Torah and therefore they wouldn't
understand mystical ideas everything had
to be expressed as rational constructs
so he gave them a reason that they could
live with but even myones would admit
there are mystical and spiritual
Dimensions that he did not necessarily
address in the morim and in substance he
would agree with the raban okay so
that's a that's a debate whether we kind
of have the schizophrenic myties of the
Mish Torah versus the myties of theim
and theim is an in complete U explaining
of the Mitzvah okay so I say that's a a
debate but going with ramban for a
moment that the value of corbano is not
in the ritual itself
but in the
transformation of the
worshipper this can explain a very
interesting thing you know when you look
at the words of the
prophets they often knock coronos like
yeso says in the name of God who needs
your offerings I don't want your
offerings your offerings are worthless
you bring your corbon and then you
oppress the poor and you cheat the Widow
do you think God cares about your
offerings in fact the reform movement I
don't mean to knock the reform movement
in particular but it comes up here the
reformed movement one of its names is
prophetic Judaism because since they try
to deemphasize Ritual in favor of social
justice they say oh that's the message
of the prophets God doesn't care about
sacrifices God doesn't care about
rituals God cares about treating people
fairly showing Justice and mercy so
first of all that's an inaccurate
description because the notion that the
prophets are only concerned with social
justice actually is not true it is true
of course that they are very concerned
with social justice one cannot deny that
but they also talk about Shabbat and
they also talk about kashrut and they
talk about the rituals of Judaism as
well so it's not true that the NVM had
an anti- ritualistic bias they
understood that Jewish rituals are part
of the
Torah but it is true that they knock
Corban know Sal
lot and why is that so because here here
is the thing you don't you never find
for example you know the the Novi saying
why do you keep shabas if you cheat in
business why do you keep kosher uh if uh
you know you you you you oppress the
poor in truth that's not an argument
just because I do one sin doesn't mean I
shouldn't do another sin yeah being
dishonest in business is bad oppressing
the poor is bad but that doesn't render
your chabus
worthless but it may render your carbon
worthless because
carbonos only have a
value if they transform you to become a
better
person because if you bring a corbon and
it doesn't transform you you are
bringing a Corbin with the mindset of an
idolator let's think about that what did
coronos represent to a
pagan well besides the fact that the God
is a false god that besides that but
what what is the Pagan trying to
accomplish with a Corban it is
essentially Mafia protection money I
want to buy God off I want either I want
to buy his protection or I want to buy
him so he shouldn't bother me I'm giving
him a
bribe you know we're we're so used to
the idea that religion is concerned with
morality and this is true in Judaism
it's true in Christianity at least in
theory it's true in Islam at least in
theory if not in practice so we think
it's like inevitable that religion and
morality are together but you know in
paganism that wasn't the case go back to
the ancient Greek religions the Roman
religions the Egyptian religions the
Assyrian religions I'm not saying there
was no such thing as a moral Greek or a
moral Roman they probably were but it
had nothing to do with their religion
you know one when you say I must be
merciful and compassionate just as
Jupiter is merciful and compassionate
well if you look at the Greek myths or
the Roman myths Jupiter's a was a you
know the head of the Roman gods you see
that these entities were like super
villains they raped they pillaged they
they destroyed there was no sense of
morality there so you're not bringing a
sacrifice to Je
because you want to be transformed into
a more moral person frankly Jupiter
didn't care I mean even under the
religious system which was false false
obviously but he didn't care what you
did but you have to pay him off so
here's the problem when you bring a
corbon and you know become a better
person not only is your corbon
worthless it is deeply offensive it is
deeply insulting it becomes a perver
version because you're basically saying
God can be bought and sold and God can
be
bribed and that's why the
nbos if you're dishonest in business
okay that's bad but keep shabas we're
not going to tell you not to keep shabas
but if you're dishonest in business
don't bother me with
corbano because you're looking at the
Corban as Mafia protection money and
that is a bizon that is a
denigration
ofes so instead of saying that the
prophets are anti- ritual I think it is
a fair statement to say that they are
anti- corbon if the corbon does not
effect a
transformation of the of the worshipper
and this is essentially ramban's idea
that it's not that God cares about the
meat but God cares about the person and
the fragrance the pleasant fragrance of
the corbine is a metaphorical usage that
Hashem gets when we have changed as a
result of these corbas okay so be as it
may we do have this
fundamental between R and ran if
carbonos are simply a concession to the
idolatrous impulse or they have a
spiritual transformative effect on the
worshipper that brings great Nas great
satisfaction to our KES because we've
become changed we've become elevated and
that's why we still pray for the
restoration of the Bas of M and by the
way my Mones says
explicitly that when the mhia comes we
will have animal sacrifices as a little
aside people often quote a passage from
rev
cook you know okay there's a lot of
points here I mean rev cook does does
say that vegetarianism
is the ideal state of man because that
was the condition of Adam Harish and it
was only after the flood that man was
allowed to eat meat and therefore there
are statements in ruk that in the days
of mashiach we will revert to the higher
level of Adam harishon which was
vegetarianism now a few things though
this is often not clearly stated you'll
often read that rev cook was a
vegetarian uh he was not he didn't eat a
lot of meat for sure only on chabas or
yum number one I mean poverty was one
reason but okay he he but he but he did
eat meat when there was a Mitzvah to eat
meat uh and R cook also makes an
interesting point about gradations in
Morality he says vegetarianism which is
reverence for animal life is a
spiritually very high level but you
can't jump to that level until you've
achieved a type of
perfection in your reverence for human
life
meaning you go through the notion of
reverence for Life progresses from lower
to higher to higher to higher if you try
to artificially jump levels before you
achieved the intermediate levels that
sets you up for Spiritual
failure uh I know you can't prove
anything by anecdote but Adolf Hitler
was a vegetarian for example so that
would hardly represent the notion of of
reverence for life
so R Cook's views on vegetarianism once
again he does indeed say it's an ideal
human state but he was not necessarily
calling for it to be immediately adapted
and he himself did not immediately
adapted in his own in his own life uh
and there's another passage that he says
when Messiah comes the corote will be
grains and vegetables they will not be
animal sacrifices that seems to
contradict the rambam who specifically
says there will be animal corbon and
indeed it contradicts the musaf
offerings where we say in musaf the
temple will be rebuilt and will bring
the animal offerings so the answer to
that is again these are complicated
passages is the Messianic era itself is
not
monolithic meaning it starts at a
certain point and it may progress at a
different point and R cook might be
referring to things long in the the
future after mashia comes and not
necessarily the immediate coming of
mashia okay so that's another I know I
think re goer teaches R Cooks and maybe
he'll he'll uh deal with those
particular topics but that was the first
just series I uh of Concepts I wanted to
talk a little bit about the idea of
Corban and kind of an introduction to
the book of of of VRA now the truth of
the matter is with all of these General
explanations that does not yet give us
an explanation to the Labyrinth of
details uh why are certain Carbono male
animals and certain Carbono female
animals and why are some of them goats
and some of them sheep and some of them
cows some of them bulls and here even
the rambam throws up his hands and the
rambam says in theim I will give you a
general reason for MIT vote I will not
be able to give you a reason for all of
the specific details for those who are
interested in pursuing it R H tries
actually to go into the details of male
female for different types of carbonos
and the like and he tries to create a
symbolism that is very very
particularistic very granular very very
detailed in that way okay uh but the
main thing I want to talk about uh is uh
the very very beginning of the Kish that
say of aik that says
El
MOS God right the remember the end of
shos the Mish is
finished the month of Nissan and a Cloud
of Glory covers the
mishkan right this is not a cloud above
the mishkan this is a cloud covering the
mishkan and in that cloud is a
fire that represents the fire of the sh
so imagine you're looking at the mishan
The Cloud of God descends on the
building and there's a glowing fire from
within ramban points out quite logically
this is exactly a reminiscent a
reenactment of Mount Si har Hari itself
that was covered with a thick cloud and
the fire was within the cloud okay so
then it says and God calls
Moshe and God speaks to him from the
Temple of meeting o Moi the Temple of or
the tent rather of meeting
encounter now Rashi starts off with a
question and that
is throughout the Torah when hasem
speaks to Moshe it just says hasem El
mosar God speaks to Moshe saying it
doesn't say he calls Moshe
so why does it say
here why doesn't it say like it always
says El because after all what he said
is you know run of the mill Commandments
and there's there's nothing I mean every
commandment is special but a commandment
like all other Commandments about
bringing burnt offerings different
offerings and the like so what what is
the unusual preface here
ra El
mosha so there's an interesting argument
between Rashi and
ramban the two greatest commentaries on
the
Kish as to what is the significance ofra
El
mosha Rashi actually
says that this is not unique to this
place every single
time God spoke to
Moshe he first called him by
name hasem didn't just start talking to
Moshe he says Moshe
Moshe and Moshe would acknowledge
hir and then God would begin speaking to
him so Rashi
says even though it only says fikra El
mosha one time
here that's because the Tor doesn't want
to repeat it every time but every single
time
Hashem never spoke to
Moshe without calling him by
name so according to Rashi the
significance of vayikra el mosha is what
we call cras
shame and according to Rashi that was
not unique to this
communication it applied to every
communication cre
ramban is ramban argues with this and
the ramban says this was a special
one-time
dispensation and it's based on what we
read at the end of the book of shos
right I mentioned just a few moments ago
that after the Michigan was set up so it
says The Cloud of Glory descended from
sh and it enveloped the mishkan and the
fire of Hashem was in the cloud and it
actually says Moshe could not enter the
the
mishkan Because The Cloud of Glory was
there so he needed Divine permission to
enter again the ran points out exactly
as was the case with Mount
Si when the cloud when harini was
covered with The Cloud of Glory and the
fire of
God Moshe could not enter until a yikra
El Moshe Hashem called to Moshe by mat
Torah to enter so according to the
ramban Moshe needed
permission to encounter the
Shina but once he was given the
permission it's a permanent
authorization so he only needed it once
meaning when the mishun was built and
The Cloud of Glory went in Moshe could
not enter until was given
authorization Moshe is telling Moshe you
can come in
now and once he had that he could enter
whenever he wanted and when he
enters Hashem speaks m in other words in
the normal course of events mosha would
enter the mishkan and he would speak to
God in front of the holy of
holies those are right outside of the
holy of holies so normally mosha would
just go and wait for Hashem to talk to
him but this time he could not enter the
mishun until God gave him special
permission so that's the uniqueness of
this occasion based on the p
in
MOS right very it fits the P very
elegantly it says in the end of last
week's par Moshe cannot come in because
of the Anan
El mosha is R to enter not withstanding
the Anan paralleling Hari once he has
that R he could enter whenever he wants
and that's why everywhere else he would
just enter the mishan and hasem elos
then Hashem would speak to Moshe so it
turns out we have a bit of a technical
makus according to Rashi the
significance of vayikra is calling Moshe
by
name and this was not unique to this
encounter but every single time Hashem
spoke to Moshe he would call him by name
according to ramban this was the onetime
necessity of getting rash to encounter
the
SH now this may seem uh like a a
technical makus one wouldn't necessarily
think there's a lot to say about this
but as is often the case and actually
probably was always the case in the most
technical arcane
there are some very very profound
lessons
in now let me go back for a moment to
digress on I'm going to digress from
this a little bit and then come back
that is you know one of them in hug that
we have at the Seder at least asham have
at the Seder is after we eat the matah
and the mor and the K that's the mat
Mora sandwich and now we're finally
ready to eat you know the
meal the first course that is served is
a hard-boiled egg a hardboiled egg uh
now particularly among people who are
not so knowledgeable they look at the
hardboiled egg as the most important
part of the St you could skip the matah
and the mo but hard boiled egg mama you
have to have but the truth is hard
boiled egg is a custom it's not a but it
is a custom and there are different
reasons that are given for the hard boil
egg but one of the most common reasons
that's given is the egg is an oval food
and oval food is what you give a
mourner uh right after a Lev right after
a Lev the very first food we give a
mner is is an egg before tsha we eat an
egg and the reason excuse
me
me the reason why we give an egg is
because life is like a wheel a wheel of
fate there are bad times there are good
times and we want to comfort the mner by
telling him yeah now is a difficult time
but the wheel will
turn and have hopeful moments it's very
similar to the a story it's not a medish
but it's a story that is brought down
that
schlom uh went to a jeweler and he asked
Jeweler give me something on a ring that
that will be available to give me
insight and wisdom no matter what I go
through in life that when I am
successful in life I don't get hoty and
arrogant and when I have defeats in life
I don't get depressed or broken and the
Jeweler came up with the saying
gam y you can actually get a gam y ring
this too shall
pass there are bad times in life hard
times they pass there are good times
they also
pass meaning we shouldn't get too
overconfident we shouldn't get too
broken so the egg is given to a mner now
the question is okay I understand why
you give an egg to a mner or why you
give an egg on Tiss or the before Tish
above but how does that connect to the
Seder the answer is
because even at the Seder there's a
certain degree of mourning that we go
through because after all the Seder is
essentially a
reenactment of the meal of the Corbin
pesak and it's like making a wedding
without the kala showing up meaning yeah
we're celebrating a beautiful beautiful
seder but there's no carbon PES and
there's no carbon PES because there's no
B Mikes so as result we give we eat the
egg to kind of comfort us that
be we will be to the mikash just like
the first paragraph in the mag
says uh now we are still slaves we're
still in
gas will be TR truly free now more
specifically it's been pointed out that
the first day of P which in this case is
Mo shabas and Sunday is always the same
day of the week as the ninth of a later
in the summer so if the first day of PES
is M shabas Sunday the ninth of is going
to be M shabas Sunday and therefore we
think of Tish at the Seder itself and we
eat the
egg now we have to assume that in God's
Celestial
calendar there are no accidents
it seems a little odd a little in
congruous that Tish and PES should be
thematically
linked by always falling out on the
same day of the year same day of the
week but there's something very profound
here you know that P is
called the season of our
freedom and we have another holiday
coming a short while after that that's
shos which is man Matan
T the season of Torah now we tend to
look at them as two different
holidays season of Freedom season of
Torah but in fact the holidays are
linked by a ritual called counting the
OM that we start counting toward shivu
during pesak
itself suggesting a
linkage between the season of freedom
and the season of Torah in fact ramban
actually says that you can look at the
whole om period as one Longo that's as
if to say you know you have P which has
its own and then you have sh and all the
days between them is the of one long
holiday now be careful not to abuse that
if you tell your boss you don't work
during Colo then don't show up between P
till after sh I am absolutely not
warranting that your job will still be
there but but if it would help you you
could say well ramban says you know it's
all see where that see where that gets
you and the like what is the idea that
it's one long
holiday because a Jew has to
understand that freedom alone when it's
not linked to Torah
is not only
worthless but it's actually
destructive
freedom is a beautiful thing but it's a
beautiful thing only because it enables
you it creates a
framework where you can accomplish what
you need to accomplish in life Freedom
itself is not a purpose a person can't
say the purpose of my life is to be
free be free to be what
be free to do
what even Eric FR not religious he
happened to be Jewish disciple of Sigman
Freud also Jewish but not not not
religious Eric Fromm once said the whole
Western World makes a mistake when they
Define Freedom as freedom from
something Freedom has to be Freedom
towards
something you can't just say I'm free
from that but free towards
what counting of the Omare basically
says your freedom has to be connected to
submission to God and that will give you
the wherewithal to accomplish what you
need in your life so it's not that we
have two holidays the holiday of freedom
and the holiday of Torah they're one
long holiday and the truth of the
matters you actually see this because
the Mitzvah of the four cups of wine
that we have at the Sor is derived from
the four terms of redemption I will take
you out I will save you I will redeem
you I will take once me for a nation
these are four leonos of GAA in parat
VA well if you look at the verse you
will see that the fourth Le of GAA is
not even referring to the Exodus it's
referring I will take you unto me as a
nation is referring to Matan Torah so in
the four
Kos of the same
the fourth
cup
is
and make this point in other ways as
well they point
out that the grain offering that is
brought on pesak is barley that's the
famous om offering on the second day of
pesak the grain offering that is brought
on shos is
wheat and in the time of the Torah
before the invention of ched barley was
primarily an animal
th and wheat was human
consumption the message is when freedom
is not yet connected to Torah it is
animal
Liberation it is only when it's
connected to the Torah that it turns
into
human
dignity true
freedom is connecting to something
something higher and greater than
yourself not freedom from but Freedom
towards that's the lesson of the
counting of the Omare the barley and the
wheat and if I could quote a beautiful
beautiful metaphor of the Indian poet
Tori who was not writing about Jews I
don't know if he even knew any Jews but
he was someone who won the Nobel Prize
for literature back in the 1920s and
toori said a human soul
is compared to a violin string there's a
capacity for beautiful
music in that
soul but imagine a string that's simply
loose on the kitchen
table the string is totally unencumbered
totally loose totally
free what music can you get from a loose
string the music can exist only when the
string is tied over the bridge and the
instrument that's a paradox we think
that total
freedom will allow me to express who I
am that's not emth it is submission to
God that will enable all of the
creativity to come out in a beautiful
way only the string that is tied down
can generate its
music so this is an important idea of
how we view
freedom freedom is a
means freedom is not an end in fact I
don't want to get to a to a far field in
sociology uh and and the like but it is
no
accident that the suicide rates among
teens are significantly higher in the
developed
world than in the undeveloped world
meaning in third world countries suicide
rates are very very low in the First
World countries affluent economies
they're very high when you're living in
the third world you don't have time to
think about the meaning of life the
purpose of life you're spending your
whole day looking for some bread and
looking for some water so existential
crises are not going to get you
down it's precisely when
you have enough
food you have enough water you have a
roof over your head you're
free but then it's going to hit you like
a ton of
bricks free to do what free to be
what free to become what and without a
sense of that
purpose life can be devastatingly
distressing until one can reach a level
of this
spare that they take their own life and
as we know in the United States they
could actually you know the High School
shooters they could actually go around
killing other people God forbid as well
so now here is the point I want to make
for reasons that are a little difficult
to discern we don't start counting the
Omare until the second night of
P so the Thematic
linkage between free freom and Torah
starts night
two night
one thematically is Pure Freedom not yet
linked to
Torah so
maybe that's the secret when your
freedom is not linked to Torah you will
have a Tish in other words why is it
that the night of the Seder is the same
night as the ninth of a because freedom
without Torah leads to destruction in
effect in other words the hardboiled egg
is the substitute for not counting the
OM on the first night of of
pesak now swinging back to
VRA okay I didn't I didn't forget what
we had been talking
about we have this
mlus Rashi and
ramban as to what what is the
significance of
vayikra so let me first take ramban I'm
going to do ramban and then go back to
Rashi ramban
says Moshe needed
permission to enter God's holy
space that's an important reminder to
us that in our desire to be
spiritual we have to follow the
rules that Hashem laid
down God makes the terms you know people
will often say you know I feel spiritual
but H is too confining to me I want to
have a relationship with God without
rules without
details there is indeed the spiritual
temperament sometimes tends I'm going to
use a fancy English word towards
antinomianism anti communism is a
rebellion against
rules because a spiritual person said I
don't want rules I want to have my own
relationship with
God the ramban is reminding us if you
want a relationship with God you got to
follow his rules he tells you when and
how you can have it you can't just enter
the Tabernacle you cannot just enter the
temple you cannot just encounter the
sh
until you're given that
permission you can't create your own
rules and assume that Hashem is going to
agree with
you maybe you'll be lucky who knows but
one can certainly not make that
assumption in
life so I think from the ramban we're
highlighting as I was talking about the
idea that freedom has to be coupled with
submission and only with that submission
are you then
free to develop your spiritual Persona
and your relationship with God so that I
think is what emerges from
ramban but what emerges from
Rashi is a
contradictory albeit complimentary
perspective that is before God talks to
Moshe
he called him by name he said Moshe
Moshe what's the notion of being called
by
name a name represents and although many
people have the same name but a name
represents your Singularity as an
individual you're not just a
faceless
Anonymous part of the
collectivity you are a you you are a
specific person with a a history with a
future with a
destiny with a
personality and what this is saying is
that within the halak system that
requires
obedience and
submission and
Conformity and
homogenity because not you can't just
make up your own religion we have the
rules we got all got to follow there
also has to be room for
spontaneity
creativity
individuality and therefore I would say
that the
synthesis of the respective views of
Rashi and ramban is ramban is
emphasizing the imperative of obedience
and
submission and Rashi is emphasizing
the aspect of
individuality
spontaneity and
creativity because every person is
unique every person is
individual and Hashem didn't want to
create a world where everybody's the
same the medis tells us the beauty of a
garden for most people is when there are
flowers of many different
colors although there is a certain
Beauty to know 10,000 Ro red roses but
most people get greater
Delights different colors different
textures in fact that's the whole
concept of tribes why are there 12
tribes why don't we just have a Jewish
people why is it important Ru Shimon Ley
because each tribe represented a
different
focus in how they served God and each of
us are different as individuals as well
so this is a real challenge because you
can see as is often the case people tend
to gravitate towards one extreme or the
other extreme there are spiritually
inclined people who are very impatient
with hoc rules and they say they want to
create their own individual relationship
with
God and then there are people who are
kind of rigid and mechanical in which
this is the way it is and I don't think
about it at all I follow the
rules and I think the suggestion that
emerges which is often the case is truth
is kind of in the middle or truth is a
combination of these true of these two
perspectives that within our submission
to God's
rules we have to find and develop our
own creativity our own song our own
music our own way of doing things now
that that admittedly is a challenge
certainly number one is a sociological
challenge at a minimum maybe more so in
Israel than even outside of Israel
because communities are sometimes fairly
rigid in their parameters and you know
if you're breaking the norm right you
come to shoulding a gray hat instead of
a black hat you know whatever it is is
uh your children might not be able to
find the sh or whatever uh so how you
navigate that is is a
challenge you know and again every
person will have to find their own way
but I think it's important for all of us
to understand that God wants us to serve
him based on his structure based on his
rules but to also bring the
individuality of our
personality to this aod hasem as well
and that is once again another way of
expressing the relationship between PES
and Sh freedom and submission and that
is expressed in the mlus in the
technical mlus Rashi and the ramban that
when Moshe enters the mishkan ramban
looks at the submission aspect you got
to get God's permission to do it Rashi
is emphasizing the individuality Moshe
is an individual
and we too have to be like mosha to
strive to be
individuals so as we
approach let's remember that indeed uh
we very much crave the freedom of the
soul to be individuals but we also have
to couple it with submission to a Kadesh
Torah and only when our violin string is
tied down across the bridge of the
instrument will will be able to express
the music that AR must possess so have a
wonderful shabas and may take care
[Music]
oh n n