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[music]
>> We do not have monopoly on suffering or
oppression. We don't.
The uniqueness of the Jew is that when
we endure vicissitudes, it [music]
causes us to unify as nothing else.
>> Rabbi Singer, welcome to the program.
>> Great being with you.
>> Thank you for joining us. Tonight starts
the three weeks. This is a morning
period over the temple. It's also a time
of redemption. Zechariah 8:19 says that
this one day will be hug, like I think
your grandfather Aaron Ha Cohen might
have said, "Hug LaShem Machar." And this
will one day will be a holiday. And I
wanted to know if you could expand on
the significance of the 17th of Tammuz
and what this period actually means as
far as the Geulah unfolding.
>> It's very very striking because as you
mentioned, this comes up this
and the other three fasts aside from Yom
Kippur comes at the book of Zechariah.
The context really begins in the chapter
prior, chapter seven, where Zechariah,
who was
the most influential of his generation,
in that people came to him with many
many questions. And the question,
imagine this, did the Jews have to still
fast on the ninth day of Av given the
second temple's being built? And he he's
not happy with the question. He says,
"God doesn't care if your stomach is
empty or is full."
And in fact,
there explodes
into a an extraordinary prophecy
of Geulah redemption. Chapter 8 begins
with that the streets will one day old
men and old women will walk on the
streets. Children will play on the
streets of Yishlaim. And then further on
the chapter, as you said, uh these days
that are days of mourning return to days
of festivity. And verse 23 that caps off
the chapter is probably the most famous
Messianic verse in Tanakh.
And that is 10 Gentiles of different
languages will grab the shirt of a Jew
and say, "Nelcha'yem kishmo'chem ki
shama'nu Elohim imachem.
Let us go with you
cuz we've heard that God is with you."
This day, the 17th of Tammuz, the 17th
day of the fourth month,
is the day in which the walls of
Jerusalem
of the second temple were breached.
It's a very We can touch on it, but as
it turns out, the first temple
the the walls of Jerusalem were breached
on the ninth day
of um of the fourth month.
Which is very striking, but the
catastrophe of the destruction of the
second temple
far exceeds what happened in the first
temple.
But just as a a point in the war with
Rome, and the war went on for 3 and 1/2
years, from the century from '66 to '70,
and it was just something absolutely
catastrophic.
Moreover,
if you asked a secular historian
who destroyed
the
temple, the second temple, he would say
to you that it was the Roman Empire.
If you asked a religious Jew,
he would say it's because of our own
sins that our temple was destroyed and
we were expelled from our land.
And as it turns out,
the entire period from '66 all the way
to the ninth day of the fifth month,
Tisha B'Av,
which is in 3 weeks from now,
there was a civil war between Jews. An
explosive where Jews were killing each
other in Jerusalem,
and it went on until the destruction of
the temple.
But the walls are breached on the 70th
day of Tammuz. Talmud also provides
other events that occurred on this
auspicious day. But, this is the one
we're focusing in on.
And, we're told explicitly that it's
this baseless hatred
between the Jews that brought this
about. And, something very striking
happened last year. And, that is one of
the world's leading historians,
Barry Strauss, a professor at at Cornell
University,
>> [snorts]
>> and he specifically studies this area of
history, military history, the Roman
Empire. I don't know how many books he's
written.
He actually posits
that if the Jews had not been fighting
among themselves, with many different
groups, by towards the end of our three
different factions of Jewish groups that
are fighting each other, not the little
fighting where people are pushing each
other on the streets. I don't I'm not
talking about that. So, people act state
killing Jews killing each other. Jews
slaughtering each other.
Op- hot war all the way to the end.
Never stop. The civil war among Jews
never stopped.
Professor Strauss posits in his book
that in fact, if the Jews had been
unified,
they could have either, in his view,
could have defeated the Roman Empire.
And, we're talking about the Roman
Empire,
that was the golden age of the Roman
Empire. That was the term That was the
term they used uh Rome was at peace. It
was 3,000 miles stretched from east to
west. It was massive. Or,
at the very least, uh the Jews could
have forced the Roman Empire into some
sort of concession, negotiated
settlement in which the temple would not
have been destroyed. This is academic um
uh viewpoint. So, therefore, now,
the 17th day of Tammuz is when the wall
was breached.
That part of the war, meaning we switch
166, actually began on Passover of that
year.
Which means it began months earlier from
basically, let's say from April of the
year 70 until August of the year 70, the
Romans were trying to figure out how to
breach the wall.
On the 7th day of Tammuz, when the Roman
Empire
unbelievable, what Titus did was he
actually built a wall around the walls
of Jerusalem in order to breach it. It
was very, very complicated. It cost the
Empire a tremendous amount in
manpower and and materials.
Mind-blowing.
But when they breached the wall, the key
point occurred that essentially, until
that moment there was hope.
And the moment the walls were breached
all hope
was dashed. And then it was a simple
matter of the Empire going in and
slaughtering everyone. It was an
absolute
It was a complete churban, everything
destroyed. And the Jews, unlike the
first temple, I don't want to tell you
that the first temple's destruction was
a cake cake or chos v'cholila, it was
not. But there was no mass slaughter
with
thousands of thousands of Jews were
slaughtered. That did not happen.
Happens to be Ezra's father was a kohen,
he got killed in the process. The Jews
went as a unit to Babylon, meaning to
southern Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq.
Almost all of them. When they left, just
to compare the two, when they were
exiled in the first temple, they knew
they had a prophecy that it would only
be 70 years. They knew that.
When they came to Bavel, there were
institutions, great yeshivot, that were
already established by prophets who were
exiled earlier, like Yechezkel. That
means they went to a place where Torah
flourished. When the second temple was
when Jerusalem was breached and then
destroyed, the Jews were slaughtered. It
was a bloodbath and the Jews were exiled
to lands unknown and they were sent to
slaves on ship. It was just something I
was a I don't want to ever use the word
Holocaust, but it was something of un
one of one of the most catastrophic
moments in Jewish history.
>> Addressing going back to what we
originally started that comes Maybe you
hinted at it was how the redemption
unfolds specifically through this period
of time or does it? Because it does seem
like
there's going to be a switch
and I wanted to know if you could expand
on that.
>> Well, let's think about this. If the
second temple, according to all views,
this is a absolute consensus, not often
that the academic world and the Jewish
religious world actually agree on
things.
But this is an absolute consensus.
Everything we're talking about the
the sources on are endless. If the
second temple was destroyed because of
sinat chinam, baseless hatred.
And again, I think people are under the
impression that there was a civil war,
but then the Jews at the end sort of
fought in united. That's not true at
all. They were Jews were killing each
other while the Romans were killing
Jews. It's something so horrible. It's
really hard to wrap your mind around it.
But if that's the case, so what would
solve What would solve that? What would
solve it is the very opposite. What
would What would solve the problem bring
the redemption is a unity among the
children of Israel.
And we see that explicitly
and we see where this is going, meaning
So, this is very um intriguing.
But in we first we're told in the Talmud
I should lay this out in track tape
Megillah right in the beginning
and
uh
Dov Gimel that the whereas there was a
Targum a
Aramaic translation done for the Torah
and for the Nevi'im for the prophets the
Ketuvim the writings the last section
there was no
um
commentary {slash} Targum allowed
because it would give away the time of
the end which is counterintuitive. You
would think the time of the end is
somehow in Jeremiah and Isaiah which
have these soaring prophecies but we're
told actually it is the Ketuvim
where you should be looking at you
should be looking very carefully at.
And what we find is very striking in the
book of Ezra. Although the book of Ezra
is called this we actually are not
introduced to Ezra until the seventh
chapter
but I want to like focus on
chapter three.
What happens that the Jewish people were
told immediately that the children of
Israel come to land of Israel and they
come as one people together. That's how
it opens. That's uh under the leadership
of two people Yehoshua ben Yehozadak was
the high priest he was a nephew of Ezra
his father was younger brother of Ezra
and Zerubbabel who was Malchus Dovid
from the house of David.
And it tells us explicitly
that
verse three that despite the fears
there's no temple yet. This is very very
critical.
Please read it for yourself. This it
says explicitly despite there was no
temple and despite they were terrified
of how the nations around them
would respond they start they built an
altar and they started bringing
offerings immediately. We do not have
the building of of the
temple or its even foundation until
verse 10 9 and 10. So, it says
explicitly that the people came as
and built a mizbeach and brought
offerings according to the Torah Moshe,
according to the Torah Moshe. And then
verse 6, it says there that they the
found It says explicitly they will bring
offerings even though the foundation
stone of the temple was not even laid
yet.
And it's
This happens in the really Rosh
Hashanah, which means on the first day
of the seventh month. So, the text goes
out of its way to tell us that the
Jewish people must be united. This is
not like us waxing poetic and saying we
have to be united in some sort of This
is very much in text. And this then
works perfectly
with like what we need to do next, given
that in order to, as an example, bring a
a carbon Pesach, a Passover offering.
So, this question has been
uh addressed by people like the Chasam
Sofer in the 19th century. It would
require a mizbeach, an altar, which we
have, but it would require, most
importantly, and the most difficult part
of it is not the priests, not the parah
adumah, not the temple. The issue really
is a complete unity and consensus of the
Jewish people,
which very much then everything is like
solved for why.
If the second temple was destroyed
because of baseless hatred, so what is
required to initiate that process is the
restoration of the
offerings, which has to be on the
mizbeach, on the altar. The altar must
be in the place of the altar. We have an
altar built They're ready to go. There
are people who study this. We have
kohanim, we have Of course, we have We
have their clothes We have that all set
up. So, then we actually This solves
everything. We have to undo the sin of
the past.
>> We have 10 weeks coming up until Rosh
Hashanah which will be entirely devoted
to the destruction and the rebirth of of
the Jewish people. And the one of the
five things that you mentioned I think
was we stopped having the carbon tamid.
The walls were were broken down. Today
the walls have been rebuilt and we have
the possibility of bringing the carbon
Pesach perhaps. We are in a in a moment
in history where these things are
beginning to look more and more real.
Historically I think this
division in the Jewish people is
probably the most ancient uh sin since
the the sale of Joseph and the
reunification of the Jewish people in
the land will be the fulfillment of you
know the rectification of that sin. So
maybe you can speak how how this looks.
What's next?
>> For people who've not studied Ezra
chapter 1 Cyrus says I have a navua
prophecy hath a fulfill. A non-Jew and
idol worshiper
says go go build. It's really
mind-blowing.
Chapter 2 we're told about who the Jews
were who left Babylon their families.
That's what chapter 2 is. Chapter 3
begins this way. It tells us that in
this on the on the seventh month the
children of Israel came usful am ish
echad el
Yerushalayim. It says that explicitly
that the nation came like one person to
Jerusalem. Period. Full stop. Why is
that there? And I
would encourage the viewers to ask the
question
why is this of interest to us today?
That means it's very important that
Tanakh is not a history book. It is in
fact
it's nitladoris for all future
generations. So how is this nigea how is
this relevant to me today? Well the
answer is that this is a road map for
the future.
And then as I said, we have the two
leaders of Jewish people, namely the
high priest, who was the nephew of Ezra.
Ezra is back because of his rabbi back
in Babel. Not important. And they have
Zerubbabel. So you have the high priest
and the
Zerubbabel was not a king, he was a
a general. There was no king during this
No legitimate Davidic king during the
Second Temple period. And look at verse
three. It says the s- spite the terror,
the fear that they had. And you have to
read Ezra and Nehemiah about the
problems they would encounter, with
tremendous problems. I mean, you had a
group in Eretz Yisrael, I'll tell you
straight away,
in the land of Israel, they they were
not authentic to the land. They were
rather brought there by the Assyrian
Empire years and years earlier. They're
called the the Samaritans. See 2 Kings
chapter 17. And they claimed they were
the authentic people. And they wanted a
Now, you can't be It all comes up here.
So in case you think there's anything
that It all matches perfectly. In fact,
by the way, Purim is going to happen in
between.
But the key point is that despite the
fear that they had of everyone around
them, they built an altar on its
foundation, and they brought all sorts
of offerings. For each day, they brought
sacrifices. New moon, they brought
offerings for Sukkot. It's there. And
then when you get to verse nine and 10,
so then they're going to start building
the Beit Hamikdash. So why is this in
there? Now, some of you saying we need a
um
a red heifer. We would like We would
want a red heifer, and maybe we'll have
it. But as it turns out, if the whole
For those of you are not aware of this,
if the whole seaboard, the whole
congregation, we all are in a status of
impurity,
then we can bring a Passover offering as
an example without the parah adumah,
without the red heifer. Normally, in the
time of the Beit Hamikdash, if Kohanim
were selected, they had to have
they had to be Kohanim muchzakim. They
had to have a certain documents
demonstrating they really were direct
descendants of the proper lineage. But,
in a time such as this, we have families
that we really do know, but that would
all be fine. People who say we can't go
on to the Makom Mikdash, the place where
the temple was, but to bring a korban
pesach you can. Means we need the big
day, the garments of the priest, they we
have them.
Altar stones have been cut by lasers
that's sitting here in Jerusalem. We
have an
It's all done. The only thing we really
don't have, we really don't have, is a
consensus
and you're going to ask me who are these
people? So, even Maimonides
in his laws of course says
it appears to me. So, he's how could
this happen? But, it's very clear that
we would need a consensus
of the sages of Israel to go ahead with
this project. And that's it. So,
therefore
in materially, we have everything. If
someone say here's the Har Habayit, the
state of Israel say here's the Israeli
police don't care. The reason why the
Israeli police are concerned about
anything is they don't want a war
exploding on the Temple Mount. And they
say it openly, we're just concerned
about security even though the High
Court has said that Jews can go on
Temple Mount. So, clearly the police
don't care. So, if there was a consensus
among the children of Israel, I mean,
it's all here.
Uh we could then we could move ahead.
So, it's this is so
transparent of what's happening. And
again, I want to repeat this.
This issue comes up in the 19th century
as a question on just two names of who's
the asking and asking is Rabbi Akiva
Eger.
No question, the the greatest Talmudic
giant of the 19th century. I mean it
just
a giant of as Orthodox like this is not
and he's asking it of his son-in-law the
Chasam Sofer who was the greatest
I say the greatest there was some giants
but this was no doubt the greatest of
the Halachic mind. And he is addressing
in the 19th century when there was not
an empire and he's explaining that you
need permission from the Ottoman Empire
and you would need a consensus you'd
have to know the place of the mizbeach.
It has to be on the exact spot. There is
a
difference of opinion and so on. There's
an altar that's built now that covers
all
So really the only issue I'm saying this
and it sounds
but this is all mainstream is that all
you would need is a consensus among the
sages of Israel. I do not know the
answer to the following question but I
can assure you just like today we see
among Jews in Europe or Jews living in
New York City who are looking at their
mayor
who today or it is reported as having
conversations with a former vice
president of the United States Ms.
Harris
Mamdani names
if we don't figure it out on our own so
then things will occur around the world
that will force Jews to have to create a
consensus. That you can be sure of. Our
enemies will always protect us from
ourselves.
>> You know you mentioned in the
introduction you mentioned the 10
10 gentiles hanging on the hem of the
shirt of the Jew and you know one of the
parts of bringing the Jews together is
bringing back and I'm really taking a
really sharp left turn now and if that's
okay
the 10 tribes the 10 lost tribes We
started with the the Ethiopian Jews and
there's even Pakistani Jews.
Um there's a book uh Don Hadani who um
is mentioned. And these people in the
Noahide movement, I even saw in
Afghanistan
um the the Pashtun uh tribe um which
would seem like secretly they all say
they're Benei Israel.
>> Ezekiel 37, "Take two rods in your
hand." God instructs his prophet.
One of them write for Judah and his
companion Ephraim
who is the lead tribe of the northern
kingdom.
Um and his companions, put the two rods
in your hand and they will become one.
One thing I say to the leaders of the
children of Israel, it's vital to now to
the in your yeshivas to be studying
uh Ezekiel 34 through
uh 48
because there you have very explicitly
this is the restoration of the children
of Israel.
If you read these chapters, incidentally
you have the Passover being celebrated
during the time of Mashiach. It's in
Ezekiel. And he davka he very
specifically mentions Passover in Isaiah
45:21.
This is not and the end of Ezekiel like
from 46, 47, it's the division of the
land, the re-division of the land
according to all the tribes that are
present. That's why the people who claim
that Ezekiel's vision is the second
temple, they're way Well, for a thousand
reasons, well one of them is that the
presence of all the tribes and just like
all our our redemption occurred, it's
something that you and I have talked
about repeatedly, just like the um the
cease and desist from the Exodus a major
happens stages. Did Hashem need really
10 plagues? Like one wasn't enough? Did
he need Pharaoh's permission? So, all
this is in Tanakh where there's an order
of events. Why is there an order? So,
this we don't have to guess.
We don't have We can guess why fish need
fins and scales. That's fine. That's
That's reasonable. Why sharks are not
But this is not a guess. We are told
explicitly
this order of events wakes up the world
and everyone realizes what's going on
that Hashem is Lord. And then we would
expect and anticipate that that we would
discover that the nation of Israel would
rise up
like a valley, imagine, of bones
bleached out.
And what's very intriguing
is that when Ezekiel
witnesses this valley of dead It's not
dead bodies, just bones that are
bleached by the blazing sun.
When he when the Almighty, blessed be
His holy name, asks Ezekiel, "Can these
bones live?"
So, if if it was you or I,
we would say, "You're God, you could do
anything, right?"
Ezequiel does not answer in an intuitive
way. He says, "Only you know." And this
is a very important theme that binds all
of Ezekiel. That's essentially three
sections, but all of it is
the resurrection of the nation of Israel
that happens in stages is the sign that
God of Israel is the only true God. The
when they're traveling in a chariot from
chapter 1 all the way to the end when
they're restored. Look at Ezekiel 48,
last verse. It
The God's name is restored back. It's
all about the restoration of the
children of Israel, the 10 tribes. And
we would expect to see it in stages, and
there's no guessing. It says explicitly.
And interesting, I want to adjust verse
if I may Ezekiel 39 verse 21 says that
the reason why this war occurs at the
end of days so that the nations will
know the truth.
And look at verse 22.
I'm not kidding.
Cuz people go, "Ah, the they
don't know anything. We know, right?" I
beg you, my holy brothers and sisters,
children who are born from above, not
from below. Look at Ezekiel 39:22.
Please. It says there so that the Jews
will know that I'm God. That means the
Jews need to be convincing convinced.
That means the Jews need to see these
monumental events. Please look it up
yourself so they will understand this is
a Messianic time.
I didn't write it. It's in your book.
It's in your safer Ezekiel. It says it
explicitly. Cuz we it is true that in
Tanakh the Messianic age is about
the redemption of the world, not just
Israel. In contrast to the Exodus, which
was really about the redemption of the
children of Israel alone, the Messianic
age is about the redemption of the
world. So therefore, like we said in
Zechariah 8:23, the 10 Gentiles will
grab the shirt of a Jew. We're
reluctant. We've been 2,000 years.
They've been not treating us very well.
Like, what do you want from me? No, tell
us. It's really mind-blowing. That's why
they grab us What are they grabbing a
shirt for?
They're grabbing tzitzit. They recognize
that we're the true Jews. Really a blind
cuz of tzitzit is only mitzvah is only
commanded upon Jews, not upon non-Jews.
Really, that's what Rashi says there.
It's really brilliant. But the tricky
point is, my holy brothers and sisters,
look at Ezekiel 39:22.
It says there as if the So that Israel
will know that I am. That means they
will The Jews have to understand what's
going on, or else they're stuck in a
completely different galus mentality.
They don't understand what's happening
to them. This incidentally echoes
perfectly
with your permission of Isaiah 42.
Isaiah 42 is this is an outstanding
chapter. I don't know if we discussed it
about the servant Israel that's really
blind and deaf. And it does not mean
there that blind and deaf like the
spiritually blind and deaf that they're
sinful. No, they just don't Where do I
go? How do I go? Hashem says, I'll grab
you by the hand. I was silent for a long
time, but now like a woman on the
birthing stool giving birth, I'm going
to scream out.
And that's what Ezekiel 42 Isaiah 42 is
about. It's about a people that just
don't know where to walk. What what What
do we do now, Lord? Like we know
something's out. What I'm going to grab
you. And 43 continues verse 4 5 6 that
the waters will not harm you. The flames
will not harm you. The
Listen up, children of the most high. It
is the survival of the children of
Israel throughout history. Despite the
vicissitudes, that alone demonstrate
that Hashem is God. Full stop.
>> The day the base of Migdal was destroyed
created the possibility for Messiah. You
mentioned we need to have
ahavat chinam to get together the Jewish
people to have unity and to have a a
shared mission.
So, what other suggestions that we can
do practically today
to
help bring Messiah?
>> Right. So, it's very clear from Tanakh
that what triggers our self-awareness is
our enemies.
One of the things that
is ubiquitous regardless of
who you speak to is
the hatred for the children of Israel
makes no sense.
And that drives us to unify, to be
together as one.
And it's very very clear that we're
living in a remarkable time. The person
you were
on October 6th, 2023,
and I was,
and the people viewing us, I could say
with full confidence those people don't
exist any longer. We're different
nation. We've emerged out of this and
How does this a a complete transformed
nation?
And today we are unified and prophecies
are unfolding right before our eyes.
And the key point of the children of
Israel is to restore back to a complete
unity and in awareness.
And to come back to tonight because as I
said,
it's so critical that when we have this
movement of Jews to build the second
temple,
the text goes out of its way that they
came to Jerusalem as a herd, like one
man,
unity. And that's what we have to focus
on. They have to do possible not to
hustle with them.
Um
fight with each other. Now, I want to
just say this, I know everyone's
thinking this, but there are
There are things going on. This is all
very bad. It was terrible. What happened
before October 7th? There was fighting
in the streets of Tel Aviv over whether
there should be a mechitza, as we talked
about
in the area of Zechariah where where
there's any mention of women men and
women's
morning separately is exactly where
uh
the Shekhinah is mentioned.
But in the second temple they Jews were
were literally killing each other, which
is really very striking. But the key
point as you read through Ezra and
Nehemiah, which is really one book, one
safer, it's all about a complete unity
of the Jewish people that brings about
the full redemption of the Jewish
people, a uniting of the Jewish people,
and in turn then the nations will come
to the children of Israel and say,
"We're with you. The sons of them that
afflicted you will come to you." Isaiah
chapter 60, verse 14. That's the
critical point of Mashiach, complete
awareness in the world and a unity in
the world under the um leadership of
Mashiach. And may we see the coming of
the Mashiach quickly in our time. And as
you referred to, uh
that the on the day the temple was
destroyed, the Messiah was born. It
doesn't mean that literally necessarily.
It might be is born on Tisha B'Av. But
the key point is out of the depth of
despair, hope is born.
Uh b'damayich chayi, we live by our
blood. And it's from the trauma that
comes the healing, as Jeremiah tells us
in chapter 30, verse 7, Jacob's trouble.
Mee umimenu yivashea.
Trauma causes the Jewish people to
unify. We do not have monopoly on
suffering or oppression. We don't.
The The uniqueness of the Jew is that
when we endure vicissitudes, it causes
us to unify as nothing else. This is
very striking about the Jewish neshama.
May we see the Geulah quickly in our
time.
>> Amen. Thank you very much.