Pre-Pesach Workshop 2025/5785

Okay, good morning. Good v Shàu to our Pesak warriors. Who's excited? Who's ready? I feel a little guilty because we're doing this earlier than we usually do. We're usually closer to Pesak. On the one hand, that means you can get ready and relieve yourself of all your questions and have more clarity earlier than ever. On the other hand, it means you can be anxious and panic and neurotic and nervous even earlier than usual. So, I definitely feel that conflict. But I think doing it earlier is always better because the more clarity you have, the better off you are. And the more relieved and the more relaxed you can feel, which is really where I want to begin. We're going to do what we always do. And frankly, it's not that different than every other year. Although this year there is a big fundamental difference, which is when Pes falls, it falls on Mo Shabas. So we have what's called Pesio. And in case you think that there's nothing to talk about, I actually went through my file and I found from a previous time this happened no less than I had saved five compendiums on Shabas regulations for Shabas when occurs on Shabas and so on and so forth. This is not something that comes up that frequently. Um in fact I think in Rabbi he has a list of all of the years when it happened. There happens somebody had it here. um doesn't come up that frequently but it does pose some interesting questions which is what we'll get to here it is pes the vagaries of the lunar calendar are such that pes coincides with shabas infrequently but with a peculiar pattern I'm reading from rabbi ble there are intervals of as long as 20 years during which pesak does not occur in chabas which are followed by the occurrence of pes and chabas two or more usually three times within relatively short span of time followed by a rather long interval in which pesak fails to coincide with shabas So although Pesak did not occur on Shabas between 1954 and 1974 Era Pesak again coincide with Shabas in is this why you came today is this of any interest to you probably not but it did fall on Shabas I know you're like how do I cauter my induction cooktop what are you talking about this Pesak coincided with Shabas in 1977 1981 1994 and 2001 this was old so it will again occur in 2008 2011 2018 and it's again occurring now in 2025. So there's a lot to talk about when we get to about this and it's unusual year. But I want to begin with this. No one should as every year panic, get frustrated, be nervous, be anxious. It's not to minimize or take away someone's feelings. Pes there's a lot to do. There's a lot of prep. If anyone appreciates it, it's the rabbi who also has to have a shabas and get a lot done. There is a lot. There is a lot. But like everything we do, we are able to stay calm, cool and collect. When we divide and conquer, when we organize ourselves and our thoughts, when it's all in our head and feels overwhelming is when we get stuck and when we get anxious. But when we are able to sit with a calendar and reverse engineer this time of the year and say this is the date by which I want to kasher, these are the days that I want to be cooking. These are the days I need to be cleaning. These are the days this section of the house, that cabinet, this area. So now it's all out of our head and it's on paper. And so rather than walk around anxious and nervous and and feeling pressured, what do I have to worry about? All I have to do today is what I have to do today and tomorrow I'll do what I have to do tomorrow and the day after that what I have to do that day because it's all on paper and it's all organized. I want to highly recommend even before we start as I do every year the CRC Chicago Rabbitical Council led by my dear friend Rabbi Fishbane does an extraordinary job this year came out with a new app. So, if you have a smartphone, we're not making any comment on the smartphones, but if you have a smartphone, you'll want to make sure that you have the latest version of the CRC app. You can do that by opening the app store and it will tell you if you need to update. And if you do need to update, update and update immediately because the CRC app is an enormous enormous resource particularly for Pes which are good, which are not recommended, lists, things that are on list, shopping guides that are searchable. You could be in any store and you'll put in, you'll want to know, do paper towels need to be kosher or pesak? You'll put that in. So, one of the things on the CRC website I just downloaded this morning is a great article called first time making pesak, a cheat sheet for the rest of us. CRC consumer kosher. This is a cheat sheet first time making pesak. But I'll tell you a little secret and a little hint. It's not only for those who are making pes for the first time. You could be making pes for the millionth time. First of all, you'd be pretty old. But you could be making pes many times. And having this guide is incredibly valuable. And the first thing it starts off with is something I recommend before I saw it, which is a schedule. Schedule. I know this in my life and I'm just sharing with you my shabas. Okay. When does associates need to be done? Mean, when does an outline need to be done? When do I need to choose a topic? What do I need to do today? It's a rule that's true for all of life. When do we panic and when do we feel overwhelmed? When we fast forward. when we combine everything that is to come into one feeling right now. But if we divide and say what do I have to do today? What's on my plate today? Today recipes today invite guests today. We're still inesh. We're not even in Nissan yet. We haven't even benched Nissan yet. So today, this Sunday today, maybe I want to look at what I saved from last year. Take stock. See my recipes. Who am I invite? That's all I have to do today. Every day what I have to do today, you will save yourself from feeling overwhelmed. And the best way to do that is with a schedule and reverse engineer work backwards pes coming and it'll be mozzabas and that means that you have to be ready on shabas which in some ways complicates things as I said we'll get into it in other ways is a gift you know what it means what a beautiful shabas you will have an air of pes like you never have normally of pes is scrambling and running and last minute and shopping and still cooking and figuring out what am I going to feed everyone there's nothing to eat we're in that limbo time and this year because of PES is shabas. It means you know what you'll be doing taping the best nap of your life. Now by the way this is an important number one for the day one is not allowed to say I'm napping. One should not announce in their haps everybody nap so you're ready for the seder tonight because you're not allowed to prepare on Shabas for after Shabas. It's are called you can't prepare on Shabas for after Shabas and telling everybody or announcing for yourself I'm taking a nap so that I can stay up or you will stay up for the seder is is forbidden but you could take a nap because you want a nap right now you're exhausted from making pes you want a nap you want to restab is tug sleeping on shabas is a form of observing and honoring shabas so take a nap like a nap you've never taken before read through the hagada prepare Torah one of my great recommendations spend time with the children looking at their arts and crafts beautifully organized by their incredible teacher and then tell them to not bring it to the seder because I don't think it has a place at the seder. It's not what the seder is all about. That's not what this is all about. But now that shabas is a perfect chance to go through those to prepare our own detra organize our own thoughts to rest and relax and to be ready. So rather than view that Arap Pesak falls on Chabas this year as yet an additional compounding complication, challenge, frustration, overwhelming, embrace it as an incredible opportunity. What a year it will be. What a great opportunity it presents. How amazing it's going to be. So this is a first time making PES or even if it's not your first time, this cheat sheet from CRC is really excellent. And the calendar is the way to go. Reverse engineer, plot your calendar and schedule, figure it out. and I did this the other day and I can measure the blood pressure come down just from the conversation and I'll just share with you what we're doing right you have to be ready shabas Friday so I said let's ker the mo shabas before mo the shabasa not shabas shabas is immediately before pes but when the dra will be given that Saturday night it's always best and easiest to kasha on a mo shabas because almost by definition on shabas you're not using your utensils in ways that you have to let them rest anyway. We'll get into so Mote Shabas is a great time to schedule to kasher. So if we k if you shop before that chabas for your pesak ingredients and we kasher that mo shabas that means that Sunday you're off and running and you've got almost a whole week Sunday to Friday to be cooking for pes. So now continue to reverse engineer what does it mean and what would it take to be ready on that moter? What has to happen? Certain things need to be cleaned and sitting for 24 hours beforehand. So, how do we make sure that that will be done on Friday and that you can organize a shabas that won't disturb that? Serve on paper. Put a hot plate in the laundry room rather than the kitchen. Make the counters and the sinks off limits so you can be ready to kash your mat shabas. Okay, that's what we need to do that Friday. Well, what else will need to be done? The house will need to be clean because you're not going to cash the kitchen with house. So, the house needs to be more or less ready to go by that Friday so you could kashaba so you could cook the whole next week. Well, what will that mean to make sure the house is ready to go? When do you need to start cleaning? Again, continuing to reverse engineer. And you know my uh if you've heard this before, it should not take more than one day, two at most, to clean your whole house for PES. That is what I'm going to present to you. Taking my life into my hands uh again this year momentarily. So when do you need to clean in order to be ready to kasher? What ingredients do you need to have to be off to the races that Sunday cooking for Pesak? Or are you first going shopping and maybe some of the ingredients won't even be available? They'll be sold out. You won't be ready. you'll have a casured kitchen but not and so on and so forth. No, the moment you sit with a calendar and you literally plot each day what needs to be done by the end of that day, now you can exhale. And we know that you restore your nishama through nishima. You restore your soul, your soulfulness, your spirit, your joy for life through breathing. The word nishima, the same word breath, not with every breath I praise you, Hashem, not with all my soul I praise you. With every breath I praise you. So when you plot it out on a calendar and you reverse engineer your schedule this time of year, I don't have to worry about next week or tomorrow. What do I have to do today? What does it say on the calendar? What does it say I have to get done today? And now I can exhale. And I I'll leave you with this to dive in. We have a say. What is all about? It's all about redemption. It's all about escaping. It's all about liberating. It's all about getting out from under the tyranny and the oppression and the persecution and the servitude. And we are blessed to live in a time and a place that we have so many freedoms in this world. And I spoke yesterday about one tyranny that continues which is the tyranny of need of more. But there's another tyranny we have which is of a lack of happiness, a lack of joy, of feeling overwhelmed, of being robbed of the serenity and the joy for life, the joy for life. And we are bound in the shackles of our own doing because we are so melancholy, so depressed, so sad. I'm not talking about a clinical depression that is nobody's fault and no judgment and that needs absolutely needs medical help or or support. Not talking about that. I'm talking about just generally when you run into people this time of year and you say, "What's the matter?" They say, "What's the matter?" Pes. What do you mean what's the matter? Pes pes is a gift, is a joy, is a it's incredible. It's amazing the way to get out of what's holding us back. You can't get out of whatever you're going through without and happiness is not an emotion. Happiness is a decision. Happiness is a choice. In fact, the word moak one's brain one thoughts is in the word sak. Place your brain place your thoughts and find your happiness. Happiness is not an emotion. Happiness is a decision. And make the decision to be happy. Why? Because whatever we're going through, whatever we have to overcome, whatever we're navigating in life, the way to get there is speaks a lot about this. I'm all right about it. That sadness, melancholy, bitterness, resentment, anger, they bring us down. They rob us of our of our life, of our happiness. So davka, this yant which is all about liberating and freedom this should be more sim than ever. put on happy music and eat your happy foods and make with every room that you clean. Make that you've accomplished. It won't be a very productive day. But but bring a sense of and if not for you, for the people in your home and in your family. Do you want to raise children who will grow up knowing my parents were miserable about peso? All I ever heard growing up was about cleaning and the expense of matzah and what they're charging for eggs and how miserable it is and the schedule and how hard what are the likelihood or what are the odds that those children will love will be running towards their pesk the way to get out is and is not a emotion is a decision that we make. So make the decision that you're going to be happy. It's going to be a happy home that you want to have happy music playing the whole time that you're cleaning, cooking, kashering and that you are preparing. It is a decision. Make the decision to be happy. To be happy and to do all this with joy. And with the pimas the we're not just going through spring cleaning. We're not just going through some superficial surface way of preparing a house. There's a pimus. There's a depth. There's a mindfulness. There's an intention to all that we do. To all that we do. There's an intention, a presence. I'm getting rid of the sahara. I'm getting rid of the evil inclination. I'm getting rid of the I'm getting rid of the arrogance. I'm getting rid of the poor decisions in my life. I'm searching. I'm destroying. I'm eliminating it. I want there to only be humility and joy in my home. We're literally getting our home ready. We're getting rid of spiritual illness and malady. And we're filling it with purity and with joy. And even though that's hard work, the best things only come with hard work. Good things only come with with hard work. So do it with a pimius, with a mindfulness, with a kavana. Do it so the people around you see wow my mother my father they were different people pes time not different people miserable people they were on fire they were joyful they had a purpose they were on a mission and I love that time of year I wanted in I wanted to help clean I wanted to help kasha I wanted to help chop the karosas and grind the mr and set the seda table because that was the best time of the year and many of us have some of those memories and they inform and inspire who we are today and are we paying that forward for the next generation to have it too that's the pesak workshop The rest of it's commentary. Now we'll get into cleaning and kuring and how to do it. But it's all commentary. The whole workshop is don't don't indulge that because it seems like it's popular or funny to be miserable about PES. Don't be miserable. Make the choice to be joyful. So let's start out and we started out with the schedule. We started out with the reverse engineering and know what you need to do every day. And we'll get back to how to clean the house. But let's talk about PES. So there are all these compendiums I told you what do I have here five different ones from great about how to prepare and how to be ready for that for that day. So because it's unusual there are things that we do differently. Normally the fast of the firstborn normally the tinus is on pes is on pes why by the way is on pes why is the fast that day. So normally we think it's because the firstborn of mit were killed and the Jewish firstborn survived and we show appreciation or gratitude through a fast. That's not normally we usually show appreciation and gratitude by eating. So is that the reason? So Shalom Zatsal has a very interesting suggestion of why the firstborn fast and it has nothing to do with the makas with the killing of the firstborn. It has to do with the following pes was the busiest day of the year in the B mikdash because everyone all the Jewish people were obligated to bring a carbon pes the carbon pes the sacrifice of pes and they did it they did it in groups and in units but the kohan were busy that entire day slaughtering and offering the carbon pes who could have and should have and would have been the ones serving in the b mikdash the firstborn were the ones who were meant to who were supposed to but they forfeited it they lost it and therefore on PES dfka on the day they would have been busiest in that role is a day they do introspection self-reflection and they fast instead today almost universally we don't actually fast they attend to see him if somebody is the father of a firstborn son who's not yet old enough they fast for them or attend to see him for them you can attend to see him if you're not able to be there in person over facetime or zoom or a phone call there are people traveling and they're caught traveling when all this yum will be happening how do they sort of avoid or fulfill not fasting by attending a sem. So that's one of the ways. So even though the sem is normally on PES this year is Shabas. So of course is not on Shabas. The fast certainly is not on Shabas. When is it? It's moved to so you might say the day before Friday, right? Wrong. Because once you're moving a fast day, you don't move it to Friday of Shabas. That's supposed to be a joyful day, a happy day. So when is the fast of the firstborn this year? Titus Burus is on Thursday. Tinus Burus is on Thursday. So um in our as we always do after every minion there will be a sem and delicious food put out for those who are making the to be able to fulfill it. So the fast is on this year takes place on on Thursday. That is number one. The search for normally takes place when the night before pes and the badika that we do should not be a superficial cere ceremonial ritual. It should be genuine and in earnest. It should be real. And even though we're doing it perhaps for an entire month, we're doing it certainly in the weeks and days leading up to it because we're cleaning every room and in that cleaning process searching fort. But the itself, the sadik used to spend hours and hours and hours again because they weren't only looking for levan. They weren't only looking for bread. They were looking for the in our hearts. I try to gather my children around every year. Now our grandchildren and I say everyone when hiding the we have 10 pieces just like we've ruined all of Judaism in other ways. We now sell pre-prepared 10 pieces. I'm surprised nobody has yet put like an Apple tag on the 10 pieces. So when the kid fell asleep or forgot where it was hid, you could find it. Someone could take that idea. It's all yours. Just make a donation to BRS. No royalties necessary. But when we hide those 10 pieces, we're not just hiding bread. What do you want to get rid of this year? What do you want to throw in a fire and obliterate and destroy? What's your struggle? Are we looking at the wrong things, saying the wrong things, feeling the wrong things? Are we indulging anger or envy or arrogance? What does that bread? What does that represent? And that changes the whole thing from, oh, we have to do this. We have to hide it. Where do we hide it? It's your turn, it's my turn, who holds the spoon, who holds the feather to we're doing something which is a enormous growth opportunity both for the children who hide it. And then as we search for it and then each one finds their what they're trying to work on and then the next day when you throw it in the fire, we're taking that you want to throw in the fire, what you're trying to work on in yourself, and we're getting rid of it. And it transforms the entire experience. transforms the entire experience of what we're doing. So that takes place this year on Thursday night, not on Friday night, which is but on Thursday night obviously with a candle and a feather and a spoon. This big post can we talk about do we turn the light on? Use a flashlight today instead of a candle. There's still a meaning to use a candle. What's the origin of the gadka of of a candle? The badika what we're searching for or the orbasa we're looking and we're looking for the inside inside us. So the takes place on Thursday night on Thursday night the is said before doing the on Thursday night shak on Friday normally on we omit ms and that we ordinarily say is part of we omit because it wasn't offered that day and because it's a quasi yiff however Friday is nothing so we're sort of Thursday is the fast and Thursday night we're doing theika and then Friday technically is nothing and shabas is so Friday we continue to say even though we ordinarily omit but Friday since it's technically not we say when do you burn the so on the one hand we get rid of the last on shabas morning which is we'll talk about in a moment how but the m to still burn thet takes place on Friday so although can still be eaten it's kind of peculiar normally you can burn thetz even after you're not allowed to eat the ktz by the time you're burning the ktz often it's after the time you're not eating the kts Here you can go from burning the KTS to having a piece of pizza to enjoying a sandwich because you could still have that night Friday night and the next morning until the last time fort. So it's peculiar that you're going to burn the KT and go from the burning of the KTS to still be allowed to eat. But nevertheless, we have a Minug and our Minug is to still burn the KT before noon on Friday. So for us in Boca Raton that will take place 12:06 p.m. Optimal time for disposing oft no later than 12:06 I think that's an updated time is uh is 12:06. So we still burn it before midday even though you could technically burn it the rest of that day. Uh we burn it before midday. Seda preparations should all be done before Shabas. Normally on air of Pesak we're still busy with much of the work to prepare for the seder which includes roasting the shankbone and washing and cleaning all that lettuce that we'll need as mar and mashing and grinding the karosas and the grinding the mar and all of those include activities which are prohibited technically on shabas um and therefore they should be done on shabas. If you forgot to prepare salt water before shabas, a small amount enough for the first seder can be prepared on mo Shabas, salt water for the second seder. It's it's complicated, but the ingredients um should be prepared. The seder should be prepared on Shabas on that Friday. So there is more work to be done to be ready for this three-day yantiff, but the payoff is that Shabas will be will be more will be more relaxing. What do you do about the Shabas meals this year? What do we do for the Shabas meals? So one option is sign up to have them at PRS. We are offering Shabas meals to make life easier here. So you can sign up to have them here and not worry about it at all. The alternative is how do how do you prepare the Shabas meals? So there are several several options. You could prepare a minimum amount of KTS for the Friday night and Shabas morning meals. Let's say roll per person or just Mishna that people will eat from. Use a disposable plastic tablecloth and have that first course with kala. Wrap it all up. throw it all out and then bring out the pes and then bring out the pesh part of what you're going to eat. And if you're doing that, you should wash out your mouth if you use the same mouth to eat stick before you're using pes utensils. The alternative is you could have two tables. You could set your table for pesak, pesak utensils and pesak cooked food and you can go make hamotzi in another corner in a area that's isolated where you'll sweep up, clean up and dispose of any hamzot you had right then and then go have your meal where you're not overlapping in the same place at all. So again a person needs to be very careful. You can and frankly you should have Friday night in chabas morning. Why do I say should? Because you need to eat and you can't eat matzah because in pes we don't eat matzah. Many don't eat matzah all the way since purum but you can't have matzah and on the other hand you need so you have to have bread how do you have the bread so again you could do it in the same place but with a tablecloth you wrap up throw out before you bring out the next round pes you could have it in two separate areas you could eat the entire meal on paper and plastic and on a tablecloth that will be disposed of so that you're not exposing your pesak dishes at all to the kts that will be available some prefer to avoid eating altogether on that chabas and they replace the with egg matzah egg matzah is what's called matzah aira this bigus about egg matzah is it is it not and we pass and egg matzah is not but the rama ashkanazm are careful not to eat it nonetheless so if a person is sick maybe they can rely on egg matzah so can you rely on egg matzah on that chabas so according to some of David Finstein's paskcan you could but you should eat the egg matzah you'd have to finish it before the last time for eating for eating and you'd have to eat the requisite measure of the egg matzah and that is another alternative that some people use which is the which is the egg matzah. So that's how to navigate the of pes this year. Um but if you're using if you're using if you're using kala both on Friday night and shabas day then it means that you need to have your shabas day meal over by the last time that you can eat. When is the last time that you could eat? So for those in Boca Raton, this time this year will be at 10:50 a.m. The last time for disposing of KTS will be at 12:05 p.m. Which means that whatever KT you did not finish, if you are having some, you can flush down the toilet, you could wash down a drain, you can put in a garbage bag or a garbage can that is off your property. Now again, that's complicated here. They pick up the garbage on Monday and Thursday. That means Shabas morning, your HOA may send you a nasty letter. You'll have to learn to live with it. But you could put the garbage can on Friday at the edge of your driveway off your property. So essentially declaring it's no longer yours. And then whatever comets is left from the Friday night in Shabas morning meal, you can take out and put in the garbage that's off your property. It's no longer yours. It doesn't belong to you. And that is a way to dispose of it. So you have to dispose of the by 12:05. The last time to eat is at 10:50 a.m. Which means that you need to eat your meal by 10:50 a.m. And if you thought that was good news, here's even better news. You have to or should try to eat not one meal by 10:50 am but two meals. Why? Because on Shabas we eat three meals. The third meal shall the holiest meal of the week. How are you going to have what are you going to eat for that third meal? So are three options for the third meal. You can squeeze two meals in on Shabas morning before 10:50 a.m. But you should take a proper break between them. That means make kdesh, wash, eat a little something, bench, go for a walk, read a book, smoo for half an hour, learn, and then wash again. And that second time will be your shallow, but you have to finish the by 10:50 a.m. That's one option. A second option is have only one meal in the morning by 10:50 a.m. And later that day, you'll fulfill shalash by eating fish or fruit or meat or something else that won't spoil your appetite for the seder, but doesn't include washing. It's not ideal because really one should one should wash. The third option which only applies to some shown I believe and others say you can be Torah the Torah are your third meal that doesn't work the rest of the year but on this one Shabas it does. So that is why Davening on that Shabas morning at PRS will take place at 7:45 a.m. There's no 9:00 minion. It's at 7:45 a.m. So Davening and there'll be no drussia. so that people can get home and have both meals by 10:50 a.m. So they could fulfill both the second meal and shall the third meal by then as well. Okay. So those are some of the denim of of preparations for the seder when tinus is when the burning of the of the takes place uh and so on and so on. Preparations for the seder you can't do until Shabas is over. So Shabas you're really off. Normally you're out of pes you're scrambling. You're setting up the table. You intended to rest. You didn't have time to rest. You were losing using every last second that you had. Not this year. You can't be once Shabas starts done. You are finished. So you can't prepare until Shabas is over until nightfall. Until mo Shabas until mo Shabas. So you can clear the table from whatever you ate on it, but you can't set the table for the seder until it's shabas until the time of havdah will be set as part of kdesh but until the time of hdah. Okay. And then we get to the seder and the sed begins. So that is just any questions about this year when falls on chabas. Yes. No, you have to be done with eating. If they're done with eating by that last time and clear it out and and burn it by or not burn it, dispose of it either washing it down a drain, flush it down a toilet and with the recitation of kamira the ordinarily said when you burn the this year you hold and wait to say that until shabas morning when you dispose of the last and final there's one last complication of this which is more on me than it is on you which is how do you sell the we do the sale oft so we're selling that we're then going to eat. Are we are we stealing from Junior? We're going to sell him going to sell him on Friday and then eat it the next morning. So, how do you organize the sale to either to be a delayed sale or to exclude from the sale? There's a whole complication in on that, but that's more my problem than yours. Yes. Oh, the shabas before. I keep saying the shabasa. I guess that was bal thinking on my part. Yeah. Thank you for that correction. The shabas before. Okay. Also, I have a question. If you have someone coming to help in the in the house, yes, they can't set up either. They can't do for you. Anything that you can't do for yourself. So, just like you can't set up, they can't set up for you. Um, you don't need because that's when yontiff goes into Shabas. This is Shabas going into YT. So, no need for Okay. So, now we go to preparing the house. So, so far, right, we're still we're joyful. I don't see any smiles. We're joyous. We're happy. We're making the decision to stay happy. Good. So, we're going to stay happy. We're staying happy. So, um we reverse engineered our week. So, um yeah, that's a good point. I I will repeat the questions that are asked because people online can't can't hear them. Um we reverse engineered our life so we have a schedule and we only know what we have to do that day and we're not even looking at what we have to do in the future. I know today shopping day, today inviting day, today cleaning day or today is a kashar only what I have to do today. I'm not projecting into the future. I'm not looking. I'm only looking at what I have to do today. So I could be and I go to sleep feeling good, not anxious and worried on what will be and how do I know and the ingredient will be there. Will I get it all done? No, I've organized it all. I know what I have to do today. Now we've walked through and we talk about cleaning. So when it says on the calendar you got to clean your house. Let's talk about what that cleaning is. And this will be familiar. We talk about this each and every year. Each and every year the Ram in his introduction to these says there are eight mitzvah that apply to P today. Three positive commandments and five negative ones. The three positive are you have to destroy and get rid of levan. Number two, eat matzah and number three tell the story of leaving Egypt. Those are the three positive commandments. Which is why when I talk about getting rid of Shabbas morning, some say you should da make sure you have to get rid of so you fulfill this positive commandment. Let's say you want to get rid of all your on Friday and go into Shabas's free zone. Easiest, no problem, no worry, no risk. Some say that's okay. Others say you are forfeiting and neglecting the opportunity for tashbisu to fulfill the mitzvah of getting rid of because that mitzvah is on pes and you can fulfill it by flushing it down the toilet by putting it down the drain or maybe even by putting it in the garbage on the edge of your street and relinquishing any ownership over it. So to in order to fulfill that mitzvah that positive commandment retain and hold on to a little bit of then there are five negative prohibitions. You can't eat you can't eat can't eat from Pes not only on Pes proper from midday and Pes number one you can't eat all seven days of Pes you can't eat even a mixture oft ordinarily we prohibit the item itself but in a mixture is not a separate prohibition this is a separate prohibition and then two more bay and bay matzah the prohibition to own and to see that you own so is unique is arch enemy number one is special why five reasons Number one, we have a specific prohibition alive against even mixtures oft I said a moment ago. Number two, we have two prohibitions against even possessing. It's not just that you can't eat, you can't even own. Number three, we have a positive command to get rid of it. Number four, one is not a lot of benefit. Therefore, you can't have fed to your dog or your hamster or your or your fish. And number five, this is the hardest one is even the most minute smallest negligible amount of it is prohibited on PES itself. It is prohibited. Even a small tiny negligible amount. What is this arch enemy that we are pledging to defeat, to destroy, to obliterate, to get rid of? What is it that we're looking and searching for and purging from ourselves? So the Ram says is from the five types of grain. What are the five types of grain? wheat, spelt, barley, oats and rye. Water mixed with flour from these five grains that sit and and is not manipulated for 18 minutes turns into that's what we are looking for. These five grains. What about kitos? Kneos are not kitos is a later rabbitic prohibition about a thousand years ago that only Ashkanazm took upon themselves. The smack the Ashkenazi postkim the did not because one of two reasons are offered. Either there were legumes and rice and there were food items that were packaged in sacks and they used to use grain in the sack in order to make it look more bulky to make it look more full. And if a person would then use that ingredient they would end up using actual grain actual. So the Ashkanazi rabbis at the time about a thousand years ago said you know what kidnos no kidnos for you kidnos off limits. anything packed in a sack in a bag that ordinarily the practice of merchants is to add it'll be too hard to eliminate the it'll get mixed in you'll end up eating and therefore it's easier to simply rule out all kitos that was one reason other reason that was offered was any legume anything that could be ground and manipulated and made in a way that looks like might lead to your actually eating and therefore it's prohibited so since you can make a starch of flour out of those foods and they could then be used in a way that looks like don't do it. Don't do it. Those were the two reasons that were offered didn't accept either reason. That's why although I don't think Moroccans do eat kitos, but eat rice. It's not worth it to have to wake up early every day of L for it. But they wait eat rice and they eat kits. But kitos to be clear is not kidnos was a later prohibition that was accepted upon ourselves. Which means if somebody's ill and sick and they need kits for their health, they're allowed to eat it. A baby is allowed to eat kitos. If kitios touches your kale, your utensils, it doesn't turn it into. Can an Ashkanazi eat at his home on Pesak? Yes, they can't eat kitios and shouldn't eat out of the pot or the hot um utensils that came in contact with the kidnos, but it would not compromise the rest of their utensils. So it's important to remember what kitios is and it's not we have a min not to not to eat it. You see which of the reasons we follow today because now you go to the store or at a pesak program they serve kosher la pesak bagels pizza melted cheese bread kala and it looks and tastes it's getting better every year it's not yet there and that would violate the original intent of kidnos that were manipulating things to look exactly like and taste close to actuals. So nevertheless we um we say that we only prohibit the things that were prohibited at their time. So potatoes for example because pes is really all about 101 ways to make potatoes. Potatoes, potato starch, potato this, potato that. Everything is potatoes. But potatoes only came later. It was not prohibited. It was not included in the original prohibition. And the later rabbi said anything that wasn't included in the original prohibition is not added later and therefore it is permissible. So kidneys is not kidnos. Only flour of these five grains of these wheat we spell barley, oats and rye comes in contact with water and remains for 18 minutes without manipulation becomes and says it's why why is it why is it prohibited in such a small negligible any discernable amount at all. So Rashi gives a reason. Rashi says it's the greatest prohibition severe punishment and therefore we prohibit it even the smallest amount to not even come close to it. The ra gives a different reason which is the says because after pes will be permissible. So therefore we're strict with it on pes there are things that will never be permissible. So we don't have to worry about contact. But here I eat all year until pes I eat after pes the rest of the year. I'm so accustomed and used to eating pes. It's so easy to imagine I might make a mistake. So we have to prohibit it in a severe way in order to create a healthier barrier to avoid it altogether. So how do we get rid of this prohibition of owning? How do we get rid of it? So originally there were two methods. The original method was if I relinquish all my ownership. If I hereby declare I don't own you. I'm breaking up with you. It's a problem in me not in you. We don't get along anymore for the next seven eight days. I'm breaking up with you. I don't own it. So technically speaking, technically speaking, if I don't own the I don't violate. So I could simply be mafir, I could simply declare ownerless all my what's the problem with that? Imagine if I left my house exactly the way it was and simply stood in the kitchen and folded my arms and blinked and said, "I hereby don't own you any broke up with you. I don't have any relationship with you anymore." What would likely happen? An hour later, I'd forget and I'd go take a donut. An hour later, I'd forget and I'd go make a sandwich. So having the around even if I don't own it, why it saved me from the prohibition of of owning but it will expose me with enormous risk to the problem of eating it. So we then added a second thing which is search and destroy. Find the and eliminate it. Get rid of it. Get it out of our house altogether. So we're not tempted by it. We don't accidentally stumb stumble upon it. We get rid of it outright. And what do we do today? All the above. We search, we destroy and then we say if anything remains that I didn't find it is hereby ownerless. And then we add yet another a third thing and that is we sell we search and destroy and we declare ownerless ours and the misha says therefore because we're searching and destroying one should start 30 days before pes. So we already into that period of time 30 days before pes is pum. Many of us do be on pur we drink and get rid of the alcohol. We get rid of the in our homes already 30 day we start. Okay. All of that was number one background to what we're doing and why we're doing it. But here we get to the practical very important the practical part. What are we looking for? What do we need to search and destroy and why? Again we're not doing spring cleaning. I say this every year. This is my palemic every year. We're not doing spring cleaning. If you're moving heavy furniture, you're doing spring cleaning. You're not cleaning for PES. If you're on a ladder, you're doing spring cleaning. You're not cleaning for PES. If you're on your hands and knees with a toothpick or a toothbrush, you're doing spring cleaning. You're not cleaning for PES. You want to do that. More power to you. Do it in July and August. Do it whenever you have time. Do it. And don't blame God. And don't blame rabbis. And don't blame. And don't lose your joy for life because you're on your hands and knees or on a ladder or you're moving furniture or you're moving appliances. It has nothing to do with it has nothing to do with. And if you complain and if you cry and if you're miserable and if you have you have only yourself to blame. If you want to do it, mark it on your calendar another time of the year and feel free. But don't blame PES. Don't blame PES because these these stringencies that you adopt, if they rob you of your joy and your happiness, if they deplete you of your of if they make you miserable and force your children and grandchildren to go off to Dak, how good of a is that? It's a terrible. Ara that makes you so miserable the people around you don't want to keep Pesak. Ara that makes you pass out at the table miserable about PES every year is notra it's not the is to be say and that's this year keeping not cutting corners in be strict and vigilant and scrupulous and careful in absolutely but don't do spring cleaning don't do spring cleaning so here are the rules you ready number one if during the year is not brought to a particular place or area there is no need for it to be cleaned or checked So unless you had a sandwich while sitting on your ceiling fan, there's no reason to be on a ladder dusting your ceiling fan. If during the year you like to sit on the ceiling fan and eat a sandwich, then you should go up there and clean it because you're going to be on pesak. It'll be a problem. But if you never climb on a ladder during the year to eat a sandwich, if you don't go into the crawl space into your attic, if you don't pull a bookcase out and sit behind it and eat a sandwich, if you don't I don't know what behind the books. If you don't sit behind the books, if you know there are books that haven't been taken out in years, that haven't been opened, that haven't been looked at, that haven't been moved, then there is not a need. There's not a need. And this is not me. It's a it's you have to check only the places that you have a reasonable concern that entered. That means to say if you have such a home, not many do, but if you do, that there are rooms where KT was never allowed to go in. Now if you have children you don't have such a home. If you have little children still in a home but there are you there are rooms that you know nos's ever entered you don't have to clean you could give a very cursory surf super superficial uh cleaning if you have young children the says says if there are young children in a house all bets are off then might have gone almost anywhere but even with young children in a home you know that no major furniture appliances ceiling fans uh grout and tile need to be cleaned So all of that is rule number one. Rule number one is if didn't go there during the year, you do not need to clean it for PES. That's not me. I just read to you from the number two. If an item is not used for PES, there's no need for it to be cleaned or checked provided it will be sealed away and thet on it is sold. So so this is even cleaning your kitchen for PES should take a couple hours maybe. You know why? You're gonna take your bread maker, your blender, your sandwich maker. George Foreman, all of a sham. George Foreman just passed away yesterday, two days ago. You're gonna take all these appliances in your house that you can't cash for Pes anyway. How much time are you going to spend cleaning them? Zero. You're going to put in a box, put a piece of tape. You're going to put it in a cabinet, put a piece of tape, and guess what? They're ready for PES. They're ready for PES. If you're not using them, if you're not cautering them, you need not clean them. You can seal them and put them away. And the on them is sold. The on them is sold. You're doing on the on them. The on them anyway isn't is less than we we'll see in a moment. But less than a kaz any on these appliances is inedible is less than a kazayas is being sold. And for those reasons, if you're not cautering or using them, simply seal them. My favorite part, my family knows my favorite part of PES is when I get to walk through the kitchen and put the tape on everything. Says tape, tape, tape. She points and I tape these cabin tape that cat tape that appliance tape that room tape that tape tape is your best friend on pes tape is your best friend make sure it's it's removable tape you don't want to ruin your cabinets and ruin the paint on your walls and ruin your so tape enough that it will stay closed nobody will get in but not enough that you're going to ruin anything but tape is your best friend because anything that you're not using need not be cleaned simply seal it and put it away and don't touch it so I just listed all those appliances all those appliances So what I grew up seeing, a very righteous, amazing, incredible role model of a mother, but with a toothbrush and toothpicks and cleaning and emptying and getting and slaving over and grout and tile and dusting. It doesn't have to happen. Do it. You probably want to clean every now and then. You should clean appliances. They should not be disgusting and accumulate all your food from the whole year. I'm all for appliances being cleaned. Just don't connect it to PES. If your bread maker needs a good cleaning, do it in November. And if your blender needs a good cleaning, you know, do it in August. And if your sandwich maker needs a good cleaning and your toaster needs a good cleaning, fantastic. Do it in June. But don't connect it to PES. It's unnecessary. You can get your most of your kitchen ready to be casured with tape. You're going to have a couple cabinets for Pesak. Good. That takes work. You got to empty them. You got to wipe them down. Good. But the whole rest of the kitchen, which I'll venture to say is 80 to 90% of your kitchen that is not being replaced. Tape is your best friend. You don't even have to open the cabinets and clean them. Do you understand what I'm saying? 80 to 90% of your kitchen, you don't even need to open the cabinets, wipe them down, or clean them. If you're going to tape them up, the in them is less than the requisite amount. You're doing bal on it and you're selling it. And all that means all you have to do is tape it up. So that's true for cabinets. It's true for appliances. It's true for rooms and spaces. If you want to shut them off and close them off, all you need to do is tape. Rule number three. Crumbs that are inedible even by a dog are not considered even if they're bigger than a comes from crumbs inedible by a dog even if they're bigger than a kaz are not I want to know under your oven. Would a dog eat that? whatever's under the oven. If you're pulling out an appliance, you're not doing it for PES. First of all, unless you're going to eat behind the appliance on PES, it's not a problem. So, if you're cooking behind your refrigerator, behind your oven on PES, pull it out. But if you're not cooking there and eating there on PES, do not pull out an appliance. If you're doing spring cleaning, pull out all your appliances in January. Do not do it connected to PES. So, that is rule number three. Major appliances don't need to be moved or pulled out because any crumb even if it's bigger than a kazayas 30 grams if it's inedible to a dog is not is not rule number four there's no need to check for crumbs less than a kaz if they're dirty or soiled and wouldn't be edible by a human says if the crumb is less than a kaz less than 30 grams a very small amount and it's dirty or soiled in a way that'll be edible to human you do not need to check for those crumbs you can make them inedible to a human sometimes by spraying a costic spray. So if you really are worried about what's going on under your oven, give it a little spritz of a costic spray that will make it inedible. You have a spray that will make something inedible to a human, give a spritz, give a spray under the oven, give a spray behind, but but you don't even need to and you don't even need to check it. So that means what are we looking for? We are searching only forts that will be exposed on pes which is less than a kaz edible by a human which is more than a kaz and edible by a dog. That is what we are looking for. So now let's go through our home. How long does it take? Should you check you you you need to check the drawers of dressers particularly again if you have kids they hide all kinds of things. You want to make sure that there's no hamashan still sitting in one of those drawers. You want to make sure there's no donut. What if you're not going to own a Yeah. So again, you could walk around your whole house with tape and tape everything up and whatever won't be opened on PES need not be cleaned. But assuming you're not taping your kids dressers and their closets and so on, if there's a whole room, you live in a house that there are rooms that you could just tape the entrance to that room. You want to tape the entrance to your garage, you want to tape the entrance to a, you could simply do that. You could tape up whatever you're not going to access. But if you're going to access your dresser, your armwa, your closet, your your home, then you need to look. You need to look but you don't need to empty and wipe down. You need to look. You open a drawer, you look, you move, there's no that's not a place is brought. It's not a place that needs to be cleaned for PES. It's a place that should be confirmed that there is no. So assuming people maintain their homes in a minimum amount all year, assuming you ever vacuum your carpet, assume you ever, you know, wipe down surfaces that should be wiped down. Cleaning each room for PES should take a minimum amount of time. you're going through and you should go through pockets of clothing in a closet because people do put they do put a candy and a wrapper and a they could putt but again how much time does it take and here's a great way to recruit our family. Children should be responsible for their own room. We have to double check it but they should be responsible for the heavy lifting of it. By heavy lifting I don't mean actually doing any heavy lifting at all. You shouldn't be moving a dresser. You shouldn't be taking down a pole. You shouldn't be climbing on a ladder. You shouldn't be It means walking through and making sure it's not there. And the kitchen, which is arguably the hardest place to get ready for PES, really, tape is your best friend. Any cabinet that won't be open, tape it up. A refrigerator that won't be open, tape it up. A part of a refrigerator, we have we move all of our KT items into one or two shelves of our second refrigerator and we tape it the cover of it and that's it. Tape it up. The rest of obviously that fridge and any other fridge need to be cleaned. So, anything that will be used on Pesak needs to be cleaned carefully, vigilantly, scrupulously, of course. Absolutely. I'm not minimizing in the least. I'm minimizing misery. I'm minimizing hating Yiddish and hating Judaism. And that's what in this guide, the CRC also talks about cleaning the house. What's KTS? Um, you should download this guide. Basic cleaning. Sweep, vacuum, mop the entire house. Collect all KTS into one or two places. Empty and wipe all areas that hold food. Pantry, shelves, refrigerators, freezers if you're going to use them. Thoroughly clean parts of the kitchen, dining room, family room, other rooms where food is eaten that you're going to use. Vacuum all parts of the car and couches including in folds of the seats for sure. If you're going to sit on the couch on PES, you need to make sure you clean out in between the couches. Empty and wipe all purses, briefcases, knapsacks, and school bags. If you're going to use them on PES, again, if you're not, you could put them in a room that you're putting a piece of tape over. If you have a closet, you can throw. It's a good thing to go through the knapsack anyways. I encourage it. It's a good thing to go through your briefcase anyway, so I encourage it. It's a good thing once a year to check your golf bag anyway. I encourage it. But if you're not going to use any of those things on Pesak and you have a room, a closet, you can put them in and put a piece of tape across it. You could also do that. You could also do that. So that is the cleaning of the house for Pesak and it should take a minimum amount of time. And if you've scheduled and reverse engineered and calendared your PES this year, you know which days you need to do that and be done with it by and you can divide it over time. this section of the house these days, these rooms on these days. Work your way backwards till you get to the kitchen. Everybody knows that it all begins with the declaration in the home. You can no longer remove from the kitchen. That's the first step of cleaning for Pes because you don't want to clean rooms and then people are still bringing dinner into their room, the late night snack into their room. So, it begins with the declaration can no longer leave the kitchen or the dining room. And then you section off, you work backwards until you get to the point of of the kitchen. Any questions of cleaning the house for PES? Yes. What if you have um un unused or unfinished um flower nonstick a few boxes of nonpastic matzah that were on sale? I usually throw them out. Okay. Excellent question. The question was what can we include in the sale of KTZ? So there are two different customs. Some people sell everything including real KTS. We once gave a shir now is not the time because it would take a long time. The origins and the history, the evolution of the selling oft selling oft not with any that was in our homes. It was Jewish merchants who owned a lot of inventory of KTS and it was impractical for their business and inventory to be able to get rid of it all. So that's how it began and then it became in our home and then it gone went from just telling the rabbi have me in mind to filling out sheets and to giving it more seriousness. So there's a one of the says not to sell and many I think briskers in particular but many don't sell mish in my home we try to be strict not to sell actual so pasta leftover cereal frozen kalas in the freezer we get rid of all of it before pes we have a practice not to sell mamish with one exception which is alcohol liquor which was the original way that selling began and that's the one exception and some some are even careful not to do that. So some have a practice not to sell mamish realts but many most sell any because that's what it means you sell it means I don't own it junior will be the biggest owner of kts particularly alcohol collections uh for that week so there's different customs depends on what the family's custom is whether to sell real kts or not any other questions about what we said until now till we get to kasher in the kitchen then we'll get to ingredients medications and um toiletries yes Hi. So, you said you have a cabinet that close up that says comes in. Let's say I have unopened pasta or unopened products. Could I put that in that cabinet? Absolutely. Anything unopened? It could be opened. It could be opened, unopened. If you're sealing it off, you could put whatever you want in it. Anything. Yeah. Anything you could put inside it. Opened. Unopened. Put it inside. Seal it up. Anything that's sealed and you're not going to access on P can have in it. Can have in it. You have to sell it. Yeah. Sell it. Relinquish ownership of it. 100% you have to sell it. Everybody the min is that everyone sells. Even people who don't have the is to sell as another safeguard. We do we do and we do. It's another safeguard because it can happen and often does happen that a week after Pes you discover something in your house you didn't know you had that was or in your mailbox that serial um sample that they mailed or whatever other examp you forgot you have a storage unit or in your office you forgot on that bottom drawer you have those cups of soup in case you ever get stuck late in the office and you have no dinner and it's all made out of the pasta you forget. So therefore, even if one gets rid of all, they sell anyway just in case as an extra an extra safeguard. Yes. What about yeast is yeast? So I I'll send you to the CRC website that has a list of what's called realt for those who have a minus realt. What's real? Is flour real is graham crackers? Is cereal which cereals are real? So they have excellent lists there about what's real what's real. Okay, let's move over to kasharing our kitchen. Everyone ready to have fun? We're having fun. Who's having fun? We got to get an open bar for the Pesak workshop next year. Next year. Somebody remember mimosas. Is that what they're called? Mimosa. Yeah. Because it's early still. So, okay. Next week. Next year. Mimosa bar at the prep workshop to get everybody more in the mood. Okay. Um, so let's go to the kitchen. Kasher in the kitchen. So, the rules of kashering are as follows. Again, we could speak and elaborate on this for hours, but we're trying to get to the practical part. So, I'll just summarize. We believe that not only food has its own status, but the taste of food has a status. The use the language means the taste of a food is real. That means to say if I boiled pork in a pot and then I clean the pot so much so that you couldn't discern or see or find anything in it, it's still a non-coosher pot. Why? Because embedded in the wall of the pot is the taste of porker. If you if you had meat and dairy mixed together in a pot and cooked it, even if you cleaned it and sterilized it to the highest level that the you know the food and service administration would say this is clean, but haka would say there is taste embedded in the wall of the pot. It's called tam tom kicker. How long does taste last? When we say there's taste, not only mamish, not only when there's mamushas, the actual food, the taste of the food too. How long does the how long does the taste last? So our tradition is taste lasts for 24 hours. After 24 hours, it's called the tom pugum. It is a um putrid, a negative, uh a terrible taste. It's no longer a viable taste. We'll call it that. Which means to say that every utensil after every clean utensil simply waiting 24 hours would make it kosher. If you have a pot that boiled that boiled meat and milk in it, if you have a pot that boiled pork in it and you wait to you clean it well and wait 24 hours, biblically speaking, mida now it's kosher. Now it's kosher. Came along the rabbis and they said, "But what are you going to do? Our kitchens today, we're very spoiled. I haven't done it." Curious, how many individual items do you think the average person has in their kitchen? If you count every fork, knife, pot, bowl, plate, blender, mixing spoon, Tupperware, hundreds, thousands, it's got to be at least in the hundreds we have in our kitchen. So, what are you going to do? Have a little timer next to every one of them to calculate your 24 hours of when it was last used? So, our rabbis came along and they said, you can't use an anoboyo. Benomo means 24 hours. Treat every non 24 hours as if it's within 24 hours because we don't know. And if you're off by a minute, let's say it's 23 hours and 59 minutes and now you cook in it, you ate trafe, that minute will make the difference. And since there's so much at stake and there's so many utensils and we don't know how to keep track, we say that really each true biblically waiting 24 hours automatically makes it kosher. But we're going to still treat it as non-coosher even after 24 hours because it's too hard to calculate everything in our home. Okay. All that is rule number one. Tomo ano benyo. I'm giving you all of ya in five minutes. That's rule number one. Rule number two is kabolo kakto. So if I'm treating a utensil as still having the taste even after 24 hours, how do I get the taste out? How do I get it out? So let's say somebody made something in my pot and I want to restore my pot to being kosher. So if I wait 24 hours on a biblical level, it's kosher automatically. But the rabbis came along and said, "Don't rely on that because we're going to make a mistake." So you have to still treat it as non-cosher even after the 24 hours. So how do I get the non-cosher taste out? So the rule is kabolo the way it came in pto is the way it goes out. If it came in because through a liquid medium you boiled in it. So you get it out through liquid medium. Hagala. If it came in through heat an oven you get it out through heat. You have to raise the temperature to get it out. If it came in through steam, you get it out through steam. The way it absorbed is the very manner is the very way that you that you purge. That's the way that you do it. So those are the principles that guide all of kashering. We learned that from clay midyan masto mas after we defeated midyan and we took the spoils and included their kitchen utensils. We wanted to know how do you kasher. So everything that comes B and so on and so forth. So however it absorb the taste is how you purge the taste. So how do we kasher? We do all the above. That's why whatever you're going to cauter in your kitchen, what do we say? Clean it well. Wait 24 hours before you kasher. Why? By waiting 24 hours, you've already made it biblically kosher. And now the kashering is just a stringency on top of that. But waiting the cleaning it and waiting the 24 hours already made whatever taste was left in it no longer viable. Meaning it now is kosher again. And when we kra on top of that is a stringency. So that's why whether it's our counters or our sink or our microwave we'll get to the oven depending if it's if it's um selfcle or not. Everything we clean well wait 24 hours and then kasher. Why? Because we've already removed it from being biblically prohibited just by doing that. And now it's an additional layer of stringency to kasher it nonetheless. So let's go through our kitchen. Let's go through our kitchen. The cabinet I'm going to use for pes items. Clean well, wipe down, and there's a minis to layer it. Put down paper towel because it's a minug and out of you don't have to start arts and crafts. You don't have to start cutting the paper towel, taping it together, making sure you cover every millimeter. It's a general idea. Whether it's the cabinet or the refrigerator, we layer it. If you're laying your refrigerator, be careful because refrigerators need the air to circulate to not break. So, you don't want to layer the shelves of the refrigerator with something which will prevent the air circulation. I'm not liable if you do that and your fridge breaks down. But whether it's a cabinet or the refrigerator, we remove everything and we clean it well. Spray it, clean it well, wipe it down, and then it's now ready for pes. We put we put something down, put down a paper towel, put down something on the surface. So, it is ready for pes. The freezer, you should allow it defrost because sometimes the the freezer will have frost on it and there's a piece of piece of bread stuck to it, piece of stuck to it. The kid who took a bagel but didn't really close it up. Well, I'm calling it a kid, but it's really a husband. And he left the bagel package up against the side and now it frosted up against the freezer. So, the min practice is defrost the fridge. I mean, I think we clean it well and either unplug it or defrost it and let it be cleaned out well and wipe it down and then layer it. the accordion along the side. Try to clean it out. Can get caught in there. Don't go crazy. What can you do? Remember what we saw? Spray. Inedible to a human. Even if it were bigger than a kaz would not be certainly if it's smaller than a kazayas, inedible to a human is not. Take a costic spray. Go along the accordion door. Try to clean it first. Try to clean it first. If you see a big chunk of a of a food, don't just spray it and walk away. Try to clean it first. But if you're still nervous, you didn't really get in there. Don't get a toothbrush. Don't get in there. Don't spend four hours on it. Just take a spray and spray the accordion around your refrigerator. Okay. Refrigerator, freezer, we're good. Good. Let's move. And cabinets. Good. Good. Let's move over to countertops. So, countertops are made of different surfaces. Some can be casured and some cannot, some cannot. Granite stone can be cautered. For mica, CRC puscans, we pascin for mica can be cautered. Um, as long as it doesn't have little scratches and it's not discolored. for micica can be koshered. How do you cauter countertops that can be cautered? First thing you do is clean them well and leave them for 24 hours which if you follow my schedule means if you're cautering on that mozzabas it means for the 24 hours i.e. all shabas you can't put anything certainly hot on the counter. So you might want to take a tape and put a big X along all the counters to remind the morons in your home that we said we're not putting anything down on the counter. Don't put anything on the counter. Put up a folding table. That'll be your counter to serve that chabas. Serve on paper. Make it easy. Put a hot plate in the laundry room. Figure out another way. But if you want to be able to kasha your kitchen, that mozzar shabas, which is what we're doing, then you'll need to clean the counters and start the clock on the 24 hours before shabas. Okay? So, first thing you do is clean well. Wait 24 hours. Then you're going to clean, you're going to cauter through something called iroy. I roy means pouring hot water. Why? Because how did those counters absorb a taste to begin with? because a liquid spilled on them. So the way that they absorb the taste of KTS is something spilling on them. The way to purge them of that taste is so you're going to boil water until it's mala abuos. This is one of those rabbitic adamapas. Adamapia means when a word sounds like what it is describing. So theic word for boiling water is malle filled with ababuos. Ababuos isab like bubbling water. Ababu. That means to say you can't heat the water until it looks hot. It's producing steam. You can't do it until there's a little foam on the top. It's got to be bubbling. That's the level of heat. That's the height of the water. There needs to be that hot before you're going to use it for before you're going to use it to pour mala abus. Some kettles can produce water that hot. You could use a kettle. Other times you take a big pot and heat the water. Use gloves. Be very very careful when cautering. You don't want to don't cauture on open toed shoes. Don't cauter without gloves. Don't cauter without again I can tell you from personal experience each of these things be very careful. Be very careful when casuring. You're going to walk along the surface of the counter that can be casured. You can't simply throw the water and have the water run because by the time the water gets six inches later, it's cold. You have to walk with the water and pour it along the countertops. Pour along the countertops. The sink is going to be the same thing. Sinks that can be casured. Ceramic sinks cannot. Stainless steel sinks can. If you kicasha a sink, you're going to clean it well. Leave it for 24 hours. Clean it well, by the way, means the drain. It means the garbage disposal. Clean it well means that if the faucet extends, you're going to open it up and clean it well. And when you cauter, you're going to walk with the water around the surface of the sink. You're going to pour it over the faucet. You're going to pour it over the extended faucet as well. And that is the way you're going to kasher. That is the way to kasher countertops and sinks. what's called iroy. Boil water till it's mala abuos till it's bubbling. Walk with it and pour it over the surface of the sink over the surface of the counter. Now if you're worried about that so is gold. Our kitchen is no longer new. It hasn't been new for many years. But since it was new that first year pes he said there ain't no chance you're pouring boiling water and walking with it and it's going to go down into and it's going to make the counters warp and the doors warp and everything else warp. So you can cover your counters. You can cover your counters. And you can cover your counters in several different ways. Aluminum foil does not count as covering a counter. First of all, it conducts heat, so anything that falls on it, it'll put it right into your counter. Aluminum foil is not a a valid method to cover a counter. You have to cover the counter only with a valid method. We actually had made up. You could do it yourself. You can cut pieces that match exactly your countertops. I love it. I grew up this way. My kitchen tak New Jersey where I grew up was white but for Pesak we had they were made out of a hard board and layered with um with paper with what do you call it contact paper and it was a blue and for eight days a year our kitchen looked like Pes from when we cautured and we went down to the basement up north we had basements and we slept them up and we had the fun the puzzle of putting them on the right counter as children we grew up feeling this kitchen this is the look and mo pes when we put everything away and we took them off it was back to the rest of the here it was back there was a there was a value I still think there was a value there's a nostalgia there's a connection there's a feeling to the kitchen looking different so you can capture it there's nothing wrong with curing it and your kitchen looks exactly the same but if you do cover it there is the additional value of not only destroying your kitchen but the kitchen looking different has a certain nice a nicity to it and that's what we do here too I will tell you I have a friend who started a business I'll put the link I don't know where I'll put the link I'll put it in the comments right now on on the YouTube but um he started a business that Okay. Supervision. The okay. Okay. Um of of a contact paper that you put on your countertops that is kosher for your countertops are now ready. Easily applied. It easily peels off. It meets the standard that the okay holds. It's fine. And your p it's it's pretty. You can choose different looks. You can choose different appearances of it. And you can order it. So I put the link on the on the YouTube or you could find it uh what's it called? I don't get any commission from it. It's called covered. C O V E R E D. If you Google kosher covered and you will and you will find it. kosher decal.com. Kosherde k.com. kosher decal.com. Your kosher kitchen covered. You could choose the style. It could look like granite. Could look like anything you want. And you simply layer it on your counters and you are and you are good to go. And I get no commission from it. kosher decal with a K.com. kosher decal with a K.com. Um countertops can't be kosher. have to be covered. And there's a list. If you go to the CRC PES guide on their website or on their app, they have a list as does the STARK as do the OU. They're all wonderful. I don't mean to favor one over the other, but I happen to find the CRC very, very helpful. And they have guides. They have lists which materials can be casured, which can't be casured. I will tell you, don't feel bad asking me any questions. I'm more than happy to answer everything that comes my way before Pes and all year round. But I'm just telling you that I'm just going to go to the CRC and look it up. So if you want to skip that step, just go to the CRC guide and look it up which materials can be cautioned and which can't. That's true for countertops and it's true for sinks. So so far we covered pantry and refrigerator, countertops and sinks. What's left? Let's talk about microwaves. How do you cauter a microwave? So a microwave, how does a microwave wall so the glass can you can't glass for pes all year long? Ashkanazm hold we do not need to kasher glass we follow the opinion that glass doesn't absorb doesn't purge but it also doesn't absorb Ashkanazm technically could use the same glass bowl for meat and dairy not at the same time separately and clean but glass doesn't absorb but pes we hold it doesn't absorb it can't be purged you can't kasher glass so the glass tray of the microwave you have to remove you could order a different one for pes or just operate without a glass tray for those for that week and be fine just colloid really so first thing is you take the glass tray out of the microwave Then make sure the the microwave is clean. Often there's a fan or a vent area in the microwave. Make sure it's all clean. So clean it, leave it 24 hours. How did the walls of the microwave absorb any taste that you need to cauter it through the medium of steam. So the same way it went in is the same way you get it out. Take a microwave safe bowl or cup, fill it with water, and put it in the microwave long enough that it produces steam. Fills the chamber with steam. Could be 10 minutes, 15 minutes. Be very careful when you open the microwave. There are stories of it combusting or danger when you try to boil water in a microwave. Be very careful when you open the microwave and then you have to do it a second time. Why do you have to do it a second time? Because you have to cauter the spot where the bowl was the first time. So if you used a styrofoam or microwave safe bowl or cup, you have to move it to another spot. So now you could cauter that spot. So run the water again a second time. That's how you cauter a microwave. The glass. Yeah. If it's plastic, it can be cauter. It can plastic can be kasher repos and hard plastic can be kasher. So that's how you kasha. What's a what if it's a convection microwave? A convection microwave is kashed like an oven which we'll get to in a moment. But that's a microwave. Any question about a microwave? Yes. The glass is removed when you put the cup. Remove the glass before you clean it and leave it for 24 hours. And then put the glass away for pes. Put it in a cabinet. Piece of tape. Can't cure the glass. So take the glass out and put it away. Yes. the the pots or anything that you're cautering that you're using to cauter the glass and the microwave or the pot that you're putting boiling water have to be Thank you for asking that. I'm sorry I left it out. What you're using to kasher does not have to be pesik if it's not pesik. It has to be something that wasn't used in the last 24 hours. So you could take a pot that hadn't been used in 24 hours that's clean hasn't been used in 24 hours and that's what you're going to use to kasher. Many have pesak pots, big pesak pots. They use that to kasher. That's also fine. But you should kasher the stove before you put your pesak pot on it. Okay, which we'll talk about in a moment. That's microwaves. Anything else with microwaves? Okay, good. So, let's go over to the stove. How do you kasher a stove? So, let's go with the easier ones first. A gas range. A gas range you casher by leaving each burner on its highest setting for 20 minutes. Sort of arbitrary. Yeah. Each year I saw CRC raised it this year. I think it's higher than it used to be. Yeah. Uh they say highest setting for 30 minutes. Turn on the flame or coil to its highest setting for 30 minutes. 15 minutes is enough for exposed electric coils. But CRC this year says 30 minutes. I think 20 minutes. Remusha says until it until it gets hot enough to singe something if it touches it until it glows. So leave the electric and then you cover everything else with tin foil. So, if you have a stove top that's gas, you leave the burners on high and you and you cover everything in between. What if you have I think we have I think I don't spend that much time there. Um they're grates that are not only on the actual fire, but they have grates that extend across the hole. So, the part in between won't get cautered. So, what do you do about that? You could cauter it by putting it into your oven and cautering it with your oven. It might discolor the grates. I take no responsibility for it. Don't sue me afterwards. But if you put grates into a selfclean oven or even an oven on the highest setting, it will cauture the grates the area in between the fire as well. So a gas oven, you cauter by leaving each fire on on its highest setting for an extended period of time. CRC says 30 minutes, I'll say 20 minutes. And covering all the area in between. Electric cooktop, if you have the coils that you see, you turn it on long enough until you see them turn red. And then you cover all the area in between. Cover all the area in between. with tin foil. The third possibility, and it's been fascinating to follow the evolution of the different organizations when it comes to the glass cooktop, what they recommended when it first came out versus today, to the point that the CRC guide literally says this year, clean surfaces and grates as well do not use for 24 hours, turn on flame or coil. This is also effective for glass covered stove tops. They literally just throw in glass covered stove tops are the same as stove tops whereas whatever we don't have to go through history of how it all began but anyway I feel a little bit vindicated because what we were suggesting at the very outset because I spoke to some of my rebay about it is what they've all caught up to now. So the glass top stove um leave each burner on high till it glows. I suggest pouring water because there are post do allow the glass um along its surface. You can't cover the glass because you'll break it. it'll crack. But the biggest thing when it comes to the glass top stove is you can put anything on the actual burners, even if the pot is a bigger circumference than the burner. But don't put anything hot on the glass in between the burners. Don't put a spoon down. Don't put a lid down. Don't move a pot over to the area in between the burners because technically what we're really only cautering is the burners. So you can't cover the area in between. But be careful. Some say put a trivet in between. put something down to remind you not to put something down on the area in between. Okay, that is the stove top. So, we covered counter, sinks, tables, um microwave, stove top, and now let's talk oven. Oven. If you have a selfclean cycle, run the selfcle cycle. If you're running the selfcle cycle, you don't need to clean the oven and you don't need to wait 24 hours because the temperature, the heat of a selfcle is what's called libon. Libr means the highest level. the highest level of libun. So you don't if you um if you're not using selfcle then you can clean your oven well. Leave it for 24 hours and then put it on the highest setting for an hour. Clean the oven well. Leave it for 24 hours and put it on the highest setting for an hour and that will cauture the oven as well. And that's how you kure a convection microwave. Leave it clean it well. Leave it 24 hours and put it on the highest setting for an hour. What about an induction cooktop? Induction stove tops cannot be for pes. So you have to use an induction disc, a layer that will be a barrier between the top, the stove top and the and the um and the pot and the pot. Tablecloths, fabric tablecloths can be used for pes after being laundered. Vinyl and plastic cannot be cautered. So So if you have a fabric one, you could just run it through the wash and that makes it cushioner for pes. If it is a vinyl or plastic table to you, you need separate ones for pes. Um, what about flatwear? Can they be cautered? First of all, we're having cautering here. Nine, when is our cautering here since you know our schedule? Apparently, I think it's it's on Sunday, April 6th, maybe. We have cautering available here. The OB will be offering free of charge if you want to bring anything here to be cautered. But again, it's the same principle. Leave it, clean it, leave it for 24 hours before you cauter it. Put it in the boiling water. Make sure it's fully immersed. Take it out. the minig is to then run it under cold water or put it in a basin of cold water and make sure to maintain a ratio in the water against whatever you're cautering of 60 to1. So don't dump all your flatear or all your kittish cups in the pot at once. Do them a few at a time. So you maintain that ratio of ble for another technical reason having to do with kashering. Oh plat is kashered. Clean it well. Leave it 24 hours and then put it on the highest setting for an hour and then use it only covered on pes cover. I use the water. Yeah. Don't pour. You don't have to do it with water. Use on the highest setting. Clean it well. Leave it 24 hours. Plug it in. Highest setting. Leave it an hour. And most importantly, cover it. Cover it. Tin foil. Tin foil. You don't have to pour boiling water on. You don't have to pour boiling water. A um warming drawer. Warming drawer might be the most important in my kitchen. I know that we use it every Shabas. warming draw is a Charlotte Hill for Shabas. They're different postkim David Cohen permits it um and I believe even has one himself. The warming drawer the CRC guide the warming drawer can be cautered by cleaning while leaving 24 hours and then getting a sterno and lighting a sterno in the warming drawer and leaving it a little bit open. You need some air circulation. So leave the warming drawer a little bit a jar. Leave it a little bit open and light a sterno inside and that will build up enough heat that you've cautured the warming drawer. That's how the CRC says you can cauter a woman drawer. You can cauter your kurig if you'd like to use a kurig on pes if you need your coffee for pes. Real coffee snobs look down at people with kurigs. I'm a I'm a simple person. I'm an instant coffee guy, you know. I'm happy with that. Kurig is even better, but I don't need the fancy. But the real coffee snobs, they look down at Kurig people. So, I apologize if you're a coffee snob. But you can kasher kurig. Clean it well. Open it all of its parts. Clean it well. Leave it 24 hours. and then run a kosher for pesak k cup through once and that's how you kosher for pes I how do you know which are kosher for pes k cups so conveniently the CRC has an entire list coffee k cups view cups bolt pack single serve unflavored non-caffeinated this is a list they get they get it from the U guide so we should credit the OU per the U pesak guide 2025 the following products are U certified for year- round use and kosher for pesak 2025 even without special pesak certification And there is a long list here. So if you can't find a K Cup on here that you could use, God bless you. But there's a lot there are a lot on here including including Starbucks CRC. CRC almost everything you can find CRC is excellent. That is the warming drawer. That is your curig machine. What else? Anything in the in the kitchen that we didn't cover. Hot water. Thank you. Hot water. So if you have a hot water urn, I highly recommend they're so inexpensive that you get a second one for pes. You maintain a year one and a pes one because the only way that you can use the one from year round is if you never washed it with dishes or in a sink or dishwasher. If you never allowed water to come from it into a bowl of oatmeal or anything that's if you never you know into the chellon pot or anything like that. There are so many variables that you would have to have never done in order for the hot water earn to be good for Pesak that they're so inexpensive and I don't mean to count anyone else's money but relatively inexpensive buy a cheap one a hot water that you plug in that's your pes that one week of the year and you're good to go. I highly recommend that. Yes. my um oven the when it's a self cleaning and when I when I do it during the year um the door the inside of the door doesn't always get completely the glass of the door still has like yeahm yeah the question was people run a self clean first of all sometimes it doesn't make it to the end of the cycle and then people worry didn't make it all the way to the end of it is it still good yes if it reached that desired temperature Even if it didn't make it till the end of the selfcle cycle, you're still good. What the heat temperature is so inside that whatever you find afterwards, it's kosher. Just needs to be cleaned. If you don't believe me, take a wooden spoon this year, put it in your oven, and run the selfcle and you'll find a pile of ash on the bottom of your oven. Literally, literally, that's the level of heat. The CRC peso guide has an excellent page called canop it kashard and it goes through everything in your kitchen and it has can it be kashard or not kashard from air fryer aluminum baking pan black blender bone china cast iron pan cement ceramic china colander convection oven cookie sheet I'll skip to the end stove top tablecloth toaster warming drawer wood so if you have a question this is an amazing guide canopy caution if you're not sure what we do you want my opinion I'm more than happy to have you an air fryer. Air fryer it says cannot be cautered. I guess that's what it has. Air fryer just the maybe the mechanism. There's no way to cauter the the air fryer. Yes. Two things in the sink again. The the garbage disposal of the in there. Does that have to be replaced? Little air raator from the sink. Yeah. So, some of the guides say that the the the not filter like the drain, right? It's so fine that you should have a separate one for pes or not use it. put it in a way and tape it up. That one, I don't know why you can't cauter it by pouring boiling water on it or putting it in a pot. Whatever might be left stuck in it has no way of getting into it's not viable. It's not anything. So, if you want to be strict, put it away. Yeah. Yeah. Um, okay. So, that is a food processor for Micah frying pan. They've got a great guide. Really, really wonderful. Yes. Once you do your sink, do you have to have an insert? No. Once your sink is cautioned, it's cautioned. You do not need to put an insert inside of it. Question was, does it need an insert? And the answer is no. Okay. So, we talked about how to clean the house. Yes. During the 24 hours, the sink is can you use cold water or right? So, during the 24 hours, one should not use it for anything. If it was used for something not hot, it would not reset the clock. What would reset the clock is if it was used for something that's let because we want to avoid any mistake and mishap, better not to use it at all. So if there's a sink in your laundry room or garage or the bathroom, that's the sink for that shabas. If you're cautering that mozzy shabas, yes, stuff that stuff like for cleaning sprays like that you're putting in. They do not need to be kosher pes. No, doesn't have to have you on. No. No. Which is a perfect segue over then to the next which is are other ingredients or um other areas of of PES. So I'll I'll start with medications. Let's start with this. Medicines, cosmetics, and toiletries. There's a book that used to come out when I was a kid that rubs that sal is no longer alive. And it introduced a lot of stringencies that were not necessary. Postkim all postkim. If something is inedible, it's not. It's not. So blush, body soap, conditioners, creams, eye shadow, eyeliner, foundation, ink lotions, mascara, nail polish, ointments, paint, shampoo, stick deodorant are not edible. They don't need to be kosher pesak. None of those things are edible. That's not me saying it first. These post in Chicago, the CRC, they put out a letter every year, their medicine and cosmetics letter. And and I think everybody would agree these are inedible. Nobody's ever eaten shampoo. And and in order to bear even to be prohibited to benefit from, it has to be something edible to be prohibited to benefit. If it's utterly inedible, it's not even defined as. So I'll read that list again. Blush, body soap, conditioner, cream, eye shadow, eyeliner, foundation, ink, lotion, mascara, nail polish, ointment, paint, shampoo, stick deodorant are permitted on Pes regardless of the ingredients contained in them. So the first ingredient in your shampoo is wheat. You're still allowed to use it because it's inedible. It's not. It's not. Many varieties of cologne, liquid, deodorants, hairspray, mousse, perfume, shaving lotion, sunscreen, and wipes contain denatured alcohol. Denatured alcohol could be edible. Neb say her name every year. I feel bad. But Kitty Dukakus was a alcoholic and I remember the scandal that she used to like when she was desperate as an addict would would drink bottles of perfume because it had denatured alcohol. Denatured alcohol. I shouldn't use her name every year. She doesn't deserve that. So it is edible to to the alcoholic. It is edible to somebody who is desperate. So they base themselves on that denatured alcohol should not be used on pes. So it should only be used on pes. They do not contain alcohol. Alcohol is known to be free of So if you're using something that has denatured alcohol or alcohol, cologne, liquid deodorant and hairspray, mousse, perfume, shaving lotion, sunscreen or wipes, then one would have to be more careful to know what's in it to see whether it includes denatured alcohol or not. lipstick, mouthwash and toothpaste which contains should not be used. CRC has a guide even though the CRC believes that lipstick mouthwash and toothpaste all year round. It doesn't matter what's in it. It's inedible for PES. They're strict and it should not be used as most of the mainstream that we use is on their list. They have a list. I think the star K is an even better list. So if you're looking in terms of the medicines and cosmetics, the star K really have a great list in terms of that. Um what about medications? All pill non- chewable tablet medication with or without that that's swallowed is permitted. All pill all pill non- chewable tablets with or without. So that's not med that's not food and don't stop taking it. What if it's covered? Advil is always a question every year. Advil has that delicious coating that sucking candy coating on the Advil. I'm not saying me other people. So what about Advil? I saw they had a whole insert here somewhere about Advil. Oh here in rare cases a pill is a flavor is coated with sweeteners which are pesak sensitive like sorbital or manitol. These are listed as inactive ingredients and we don't recommend them for pes. One example is Advil brand products. The inactive ingredient panel occasionally lists that the coating contains manitol or a flavor and those items are not recommended. So best to use not use the Advil with its coating on PES. If a person needs it, it's effective and other things are not. You could swallow it without obviously sucking on the coating or tasting it. Um, but better to avoid avoid Advil. But pills that have no taste at all, a pill, outright pill is not and one should not discontinue or change no matter what ingredient is in it. Does it have to be new or No, you can continue to use old. Liquid and chewable medications that contain should only be used under the direction of a doctor or rabbi who will judge the severity of the illness. So if it's liquid or chewable and has a taste, it might be kitas which is totally fine. It might be out which is a question and you should ask each one of those separately and there are lists again there are great lists CRC star u they all have lists of medications they've done enormous research we owe them tremendous debt of gratitude for their hard work on this medicine and cosmetics. This is a long list from the antibiotics. CRC recommends all medicinal items in pill form. So antibiotics for sure are okay. Every year Tums is a big question because every year PES people need Tums. So which Tums what's okay, what's not okay. Check out their list for all these items. What else? Um then we go to shopping and ingredients and what's good and what's not good and what needs. So here's a wonderful list produced by the star K 2025 approved for Passover without kosher for PES. This is a long list that they have. CSC also has similarly some people are you know if you're ignorant you'll be very strict but if you're knowledgeable you don't have to be so for example the CRC says all styrofoam and paper plates cups cutlery are kosher and pes they don't need on them and you don't need to check them all baking soda kosher pes all ammonia is kosher pes all disposable aluminum foil products are kosher for pes um all contact lens solution is kosher for pes according to star k all floor cleaners kosher pes and then if you look at their list you'll see and I recommend have the app and when you go to the store it has a wonderful a wonderful um search feature and if you want to know baby carrots do they need to be kosher pes or not they don't have to be but if you want to know nuts which nuts fruits raw and whole frozen fruit flax seed um paper towel rolls recommends the first three sheets and the last sheet attached to the cardboard you shouldn't use because they use a starch which could be kitos to attach it. But after that all paper towels fine, styrofoam plates and cups fine. Um nuts raw, whether they're slivered, whole or chopped without preservatives or other additives are proof of pes. They have the whole list. I'm not going to read to you everything right now other than tell you where to go, what to check out. Salt, sugar, toothpicks, vegetable, everything. Use their lists and it has all the answers, everything you ever need to know uh inside it. What else? What did we not get to? Countertops. Tasman. Yes. Georgina. Oh. Yeah. That's a stringency because before Pes if something has anything negligible in it then it will be. We hold as before Pes not on Pes which is a perfect seg segue to the next thing. I'll come back to you in a second Georgina. But the question of what you should buy before Pes. So eggs, milk, bag salads, baby carrots should be bought before PES. Why? Because additives are used which might be additives are bashim but they're in stores very soon after they're processed. So the milk eggs which you buy inoid might have been produced on PES with the additive which can't be nullified. So buy it all before Pes. It's nullified. If you run out of it, go to a kosher store and buy it there on because they had it from before Pes. But eggs, milk, and baby carrots, bag salad, vegetables, buy before Pes. If you're buying on PES, buy it from a kosher store that owned it from before Pes so you can rely on nullification. Yes. Old bag salads are okay before PES. Um, salad, the bag salads that are generally okay because they're checked for bugs are okay, I believe, for pay as well. Where's my list everywhere? Let's list some more list here. Um, this is the star K1. Sorry, the CRC shopping list. Yeah, this is the CRC shopping list on salads. Bag salads. If certified is unavailable and contains no kidneys or sensitive additives, buy before Pes that's what they have. If certified for Pes is not available and it contains no or sensitive additives, then you can use it but buy it before PES. Okay. What else? What? barbecue. So the barbecue can be kasha but it's complicated. Has to be cleaned really well left and through libun you need a blowtorrch or to raise it to a certain temperature. So get a disposable one or a George Foreman for pes that you keep around and so on. Just change the it's not enough because the hood of the barbecue if you close it also would need to be cautered. Question was about a barbecue. Someone asked online espresso machine I believe like a kurig machine you can clean it leave it 24 hours and run an espresso pod through it and uh and then would be kosher for pesak if you reseal granite counter with polyurethane sealant do you still need to use boiling water on it I would need to look into that I don't know whether the polyurethane sealant is enough of a barrier to consider a kashard my instinct tells me you'd still need to pour the boiling water but I'm not positive I'm not positive okay any other questions Yes. Quinoa is is okay. Some would consider quinoa kitos, but we don't. We allow quinoa on pesa. We allow quinoa. What are the questions? Quinoa is not quinoa is not kit. You can use quinoa and pes. Quinoa. Um, kashing switching over set of preparations of pesak. I think we covered everything. Anyone have any other questions? Yes. We just want to make sure we can eat after Yes, you can you can eat kios. No, no, I'm sorry. K, not quinoa. Kittyos kits. You can uh That's a good question. I think we stop eating kittyos when we stop eating. Yeah, but I'm pretty sure we stop eating kittyos when we stop eating KTS. We treated already the same rules. I'm pretty sure. Uh someone online asked and I'm glad they did because every year it comes up. Can you cauter with steam? Use a steamer along your countertops. Can you use a steamer? So uh the answer is no. The answer is yes. Theoretically Mosha holds that in order to cauter with steam. The steam would you can't cauter with steam you have to cauter with water. When the wa when the steam comes out of the steamer it would have to turn into water and be hot enough to cauter which most steamers do not do that. So um however the CRC did have one steamer that they recommended that does do it and I have to find it in all these papers. Casher in the kitchen steamer. Here it is. Thank you Hashem. The general rule as per Mosha is that cautering must be done with water and liquid form. Cannot be done with steam. A steamer can only be used for cautioning if two conditions are met. First the steam must condense to the point that the whole area being cautioned is covered with water. Second the water must be 212°. Most steamers sold for cleaning purposes do not meet these criteria can't be used. But Wagner Power Steamer 715 can if one is diligent to use it slowly and with patience. So the Wagner Power Steamer 715 can be used. Any other qu Oh, that was online. Okay. Any other questions? Okay. I want to see smiles. A happy happy beautiful positive. Wishing everyone a kosher this cause.