"The Purim Story" - When Did It Really Happen? 4 Approaches To The Teaching of the Yerushalmi

This Torah class is brought to you by torahanytime.com. Okay, good evening everyone. This week the Wednesday night share meets up with Tuesday night. So welcome to the share. The share continuing in the safer shamayim series are sponsored by Dr. L'il Nishmas Rifka bas Levi and Reb Dovid ben Reb Yaakov HaCohen. This week's share is sponsored by Machon Maggid Rakia Yarchi Kallah Group. We just had a beautiful three-day convention in sunny Florida. We spent three days discussing the halachos of the ethics of warfare and civilian casualties and reprisal and what is the basis of halachic ethics in war. It was a amazing turnout and we thank the Yarchi Kallah Group for dedicating tonight's share. Tonight's share is sponsored by my dear friend Reb Moishe Morgenstern for a yeshua l'ilui nishmas their sister-in-law and sister Tzipora bas Dovid Mayer b'gan Eden timnu chasa. She should be a melitza yeshara for her family for simchas and nachas and be a good soul to take. Tonight's share is dedicated by my dear friends the Ruzhin and Ryabinsky family l'ilui nishmas Mordechai ben Baruch b'gan Eden timnu chasa. She should be a melitza yeshara for his whole family and have a l'ilui nishmas b'gan Eden. Okay, it's my favorite time of the year, Purim time. Now usually you only have 30 days to prepare for Purim but this year there are two Adars. Last week we spoke about the mazel of the two Adars. Mazel Adar Dagim and we uncovered three different approaches to the two Adars. We have the approach of the Lavush that actually Adar Rishon is not even a month and the mazel of Adar Rishon is T'li and Adar Sheni is the ikar Adar. We saw the approach of the Maharsha that both Adars are mazel Adar Dagim and then we saw the approach of the Chiskuni and Rav Efraim and Rav Yonasan Eibeschutz that the mazel Adar Dagim is Adar Rishon and Adar Sheni has no mazel at all. In fact, I got an email from somebody his whole life he never knew why he never had luck in the stock market and then he realized cuz his birthday was in Adar Bais. He sees taka he has no mazel, you know? So it could be very enlightening. We also learned that what are the Dagim? That mazel Adar is Dagim. Mazel Adar Dagim are the Livyasan, the male and the female, says Rav Yonasan Eibeschutz, says Rav Yitzchak Isaac Chaver. Tonight with the help of the Ribono Shel Olam we're going to discuss three lines in the Yerushalmi. The Yerushalmi in Megillah this year there are two Adars and we know of course there's a machlokes when do you celebrate Purim? When do you read the Megillah? It's a machlokes in Maseches Megillah on daf vov amud bais. Rav Eliezer ben Rav Yosi holds just like every year you read the Megillah in the Adar next to Shvat, so too you read the Megillah in Adar Rishon. Wouldn't that be great? That's the opinion of Rav Eliezer ben Rav Yosi. You read the Megillah in Adar Rishon. However, Rav Shimon bar Gamliel Rav Shimon bar Gamliel holds no. that we lain the Megillah in Adar Sheni. That we read the Megillah in Adar Sheni. Why do we read the Megillah in Adar Sheni? We read the Megillah in Adar Sheni because mismach geulah l'geulah Adar is better to juxtapose the Megillah, one another Megillah. It's better to juxtapose excuse me mismach geulah l'geulah. It's better to juxtapose one redemption to another redemption. Somebody could figure out how to plug that in because the battery is low. It's better to juxtapose one redemption to another. Okay, so the opinion of Shimon bar Gamliel is we read the Megillah in Adar Bais. In Adar Bais. The question is when the miracle of Purim happened when the the miracle happened when the miracle occurred. When the miracle of Purim occurred the question is thank you. Okay, so you can reach. Okay, maybe we'll just move this. Okay, does it reach? Okay, take one more. Yeah, try that. One second I can't I can't when the miracle of Purim occurred yeah, should be okay for now. When the miracle of Purim occurred did it happen in an ibbur year? Did it happen in a year that there was one Adar? Did it happen in a year there were two Adars? Because that that would be very telling. Wouldn't that be interesting to know? When did Purim occur? Did Purim occur in a regular year? In a year that there's only one Adar? Did Purim occur in a year that there were two Adars? Well, if it occurred in a year that there were two Adars, which Adar did it occur in? So tonight we're going to study three lines of a Yerushalmi. The Yerushalmi is found in Megillah perek aleph halacha hey. And the Yerushalmi says as follows. Rav Levi b'shem Rav Chama bar Chanina. Rav Levi in the name of Rav Chama bar Chanina. Oisa shana hoisa m'uberes. That year, the year of the Purim story, it was an ibbur year. Mai ta'ama? Now usually mai ta'ama means what's the reason? Here mai ta'ama means how do you know it was an ibbur year? Because the pasuk says miyamim l'yamim u'mechodash l'chodash shneim asar. U'chodash Adar. From day to day and from month to month the 12th month, the month of Adar. So somehow the fact that the Megillah says from day to day and from month to month in the 12th month, the month of Adar, that implies the year of the Purim story happened there were two Adars. We're going to have to see how do you see in these words that there were two Adars in the year of Purim? So we come to the Carbon Ha'Eidah. The Carbon Ha'Eidah is the most extensive commentary on the Yerushalmi. It was written in the 18th century. So it was not a long time ago by Rav Dovid Frankel. But it covers okay, it was written in the 18th century and there you you should know historically there were many commentaries on the Yerushalmi and we don't have all of them. You know Rav Moshe Feinstein wrote a peirush on the whole Yerushalmi, we don't have it. Rav Menachem Zemba wrote a commentary on the whole Yerushalmi, the Nazis destroyed it. Rav Chaim Kanievsky he gave a shiur on the Yerushalmi and it was reworked into a peirush. But we have we have two classic perushim. You have the Carbon Ha'Eidah, you have the Pnei Moshe. The Carbon Ha'Eidah says how do we see from this pasuk that the year of the Purim story there were two Adars? Says the Carbon Ha'Eidah, u'chodash Adar l'mali. The pasuk says l'chodash shneim asar, in the 12th month. U'chodash Adar. Why does it have to say Adar? Everybody knows Adar is the 12th month. You know what it's saying? Hachi kama. Hachi kama. L'chodash shnei bais sh'b'chol shana. The 12th month of a typical year. But this year it's the 13th month. That's the drasha. It's In other words, it says the 12th month, the month of Adar. Everybody knows Adar is the 12th month. Why does it have to say the 12th month, the month of Adar? Don't we know Adar is the 12th month? No, what it means to say is what's typically the 12th month but this time around it's the 13th month. So that's the indication that the Purim story happened in an ibbur year. By the way, in the sefer Shaarei Yissachar of the Munkatcher the the Minchas Elazar the Shaarei Yissachar brings another another possible way the Yerushalmi knows that it happened in an ibbur year. That it happened in a year that there were 13 months because the pasuk says mei'chodash l'chodash shneim asar. That implies that the 12th month was mei'chodash l'chodash. It was a double month. Mei'chodash l'chodash. So that implies it was an ibbur year. So the question is how do we know that it happened in the second month? Maybe it happened in the first month? The answer is it says mei'chodash l'chodash shneim asar. The month that's next to the 12th month. Which month is next to the 12th month? The second Adar. Okay, so the opinion of the Carbon Ha'Eidah Carbon Ha'Eidah says aval atah hu chodash sh'gimmel. The opinion of the Pnei Moshe, the opinion of the Shaarei Yissachar was the year of the Purim story was an ibbur year but not just an ibbur year, it happened in the second Adar. Okay, now it's interesting if you look in the Benei Yissachar, the Benei Yissachar when he talks about what we spoke about last week, that kishuf does not have any shleitus on someone who's born in Adar Sheni, he says the reason is because kishuf works based on the mazalois, and there is no mazal in Adar Beis. And then the Benei Yissachar says, "You should know I heard that the gzeira of Haman was for the second Adar." So, you know, the Munkatcher was a descendant of the Benei Yissachar. So, the Munkatcher asks on the Benei Yissachar, "Zayda, what do you mean you heard the Purim story was in a year that there was a double Adar? What do you mean you heard? It's in the Perisha Shulchan Aruch. The Shulchan Aruch says it was in a a year that there were two Adars. After all, look, again the Yerushalmi says miyam liyam um me chodesh l'chodesh ne'emar, the Yerushalmi says oisa hashanah hoisa me'uberes." And in your zchus, I just thought of an answer of how to explain the Benei Yissachar. What does he mean he heard it was in the second Adar? The Yerushalmi says befeirish. Okay. So, now we're going to offer this evening four approaches of how to explain these lines in the Yerushalmi that the year of the Purim story there were two Adars. The simple meaning is it happened in the second Adar. The simple meaning is it happened in the second Adar. Here's the million-dollar question. Ready? Reb Michael, you know, you look um I I don't see you, but but you look familiar. I feel like I just saw you somewhere. The the Gemara Megillah brings two opinions. The Gemara brings a machlokes. When do you read the Megillah? Do you read the Megillah in Adar Aleph or do you read the Megillah in Adar Beis? Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi holds you read the Megillah in in Adar Aleph. Why? Because the pasuk says "b'chol shanah ushanah", just like every year you read the Megillah in the month next to Shvat, so too under two Adars you read it in a in a month that's next to Shvat. What month is next to Shvat? Adar Aleph. And then the Gemara says Rebbi Shimon bar Gamliel disagrees. He says it says "b'chol shanah ushanah", just like every year it's Adar next to Nisan, so too this year it's Adar next to Nisan. What which Adar is next to Nisan? Adar Beis. Are they both Tana'im? What? Are they both Tana'im? Yes, they're both Tana'im. Yes. later one? I'm not sure. Don't we usually listen to the later one? I think they're they're they're basically in the same generation. Now, the Gemara goes deeper. So, then why does one hold Shvat Why Why does one hold Adar Aleph? Why does one hold Adar Beis? The Gemara says the logic The logic of Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi is "ein ma'avirin al hamitzvos". When you have the opportunity to mitzvah, do it right away. The logic of Rebbi Shimon bar Gamliel is "mismach geulah l'geulah adif". It's better to juxtapose one redemption to another. Comes Shailos u'Tshuvos Mahari Bruna. Shailos u'Tshuvos Mahari Bruna, Mahari Bruna is one of the chachmei Ashkenaz. The Rama will quote Mahari Bruna. And he asks two bomba of a kasha. You know what a bomba is? In yeshiva when you have a bomb, a question is a bomb, you know, what you drop on, you know? Bomb show. What What When you need a bomb of a kasha. He asks two kashas. Question number one, really the year of the Purim story there were two Adars? But question is, how could there have been two Adars? But Haman only made 12 lots. Chazal say the Medrash says Haman cast 12 lots. But if there were two Adars, he should have cast 13 lots. In your zchus, I think I have maybe we'll be able to answer that also. Do you know what a luach Presumably he didn't he he Everyone gets the Chofetz Chaim calendar in the mail, you know? It's it's um widely dispersed. Ezras Torah Luach, I'm saying, you know, they they These fundraisers, they could find you wherever you are. There's actually a story about two guys that got shipwrecked. And one of the guys was like very nervous. He was building houses, he was building shuls, restaurants, mikva'os. And the other guy was just sitting there twirling his thumbs. And the other guy is trying to find food, and the other guy is calm. So, the the anxious guy says to the guy calm guy, "I don't understand. You know, we're going to be here forever. Nobody's ever going to find us. Why aren't you you know, you got to prepare?" Says, "I'm not worried." "Why not worried?" Says, "Cuz my son's yeshiva's dinner is in 3 days. They're going to find us right away." So, you know, you don't have to worry. Everyone gets the the luach. Haman got the luach. He got 20 luach What Come on, when you were in elementary school, at the end of the day the rebbe would always raffle off for a prize calendars, right? He would come in with like piles of calendars. So, question number one is Haman only made 12 lots. Question number two is a gevaldige question Rebbi Menachem Shach. Question number two is we have machlokes Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi and Rebbi Shimon bar Gamliel. Do you lay in the Megillah in Adar Aleph or in Adar Beis? So, just tell me. But if if the story of Purim happened in a year that there were two Adars, and the miracle happened in the second Adar, why in any Why would anybody say you read the Megillah in Adar Aleph? It didn't happen in Adar Aleph. It happened in Adar Beis. Bishlama, if it happened in a regular year. So, now we have a question, what do you do in an ibbur year? Do you do it with the first time around or the second time around? But if the story happened in a year there were two Adars, and the miracle happened in Adar Beis, why would anyone say commemorate in Adar Aleph? Comes the Shaalos u'Tshuvos Rebbi Yosef Shaul Halevi Natanzon. After the war, my grandmother was a young girl, and she didn't have parents. She met after the war a lady, Mrs. Natanzon, who like was a mother figure to her in a way. And this lady was a direct descendant of the Shaalos u'Tshuvos Rebbi Yosef Shaul Halevi Natanzon. And I heard from Rebbi Asher Weiss, the largest body of Torah Shebaal Peh ever written was Shaalos u'Tshuvos the Shaalos u'Tshuvos Rebbi Yosef Shaul Halevi Natanzon, who writes in one of his tshuvos, you know, some people every year they make a siyum Hashas. He writes every year he make a siyum on Nevi'im and Kesuvim. Okay. So, he says an unbelievable answer. Again, regarding the second question, if in the year the Purim story happened there were two Adars, so then why would Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi say that when there are two Adars you lay in the Megillah in Adar Aleph when when the story happened it happened in Adar Beis? So, he says something out of this world. The Gemara discusses the pasuk "hashainis". "Hashainis", the second year. What do we do with the pasuk "hashainis"? Or the second. So, the Gemara says Rebbi Shimon bar Gamliel uses that pasuk to indicate that when there are two Adars you read the Megillah in the second Adar. So, the Gemara asks him, "What does Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi do with the pasuk 'hashainis'?" Says the Gemara, he uses it to teach us that in year one they only made Purim in Shushan. And in year two they said, "You know what? Everyone should celebrate Purim." But "hashainis" indicates in year one only the only the residents of Shushan celebrated Purim. It was only in year two that the whole world celebrated Purim. Says the Shaalos u'Tshuvos an unbelievable thing. Maybe really really the Yerushalmi is right. If the story of Purim happened in the year that there were two Adars, I why would Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi say we commemorate the first Adar? Very simply, because even though the Purim story happened in the year that there were two Adars, but in year one they only observed Purim in Shushan. They didn't observe Purim anywhere else. Comes year two. Year two is a regular year. There's only one Adar. So, they observe Purim in Shushan and everywhere. Comes year three, and it's an ibbur year again. And now they want to know, "How should we celebrate Purim?" So, Rebbi Eliezer Rebbi Yosi says, "You should celebrate in the first Adar." "Yeah, but it happened in a year there were two Adars and it happened in the second Adar." "Yeah, but in the year that it happened nobody celebrated Purim b'chlall except for Shushan. So, we don't follow what they did in year one, we would follow perhaps what they did in year two. So, even though the story happened in the year that there were two Adars, but it wasn't even observed in in year one. It was It was not observed until year two. So, year two, there's only one Adar. So, now in year three when there's a second Adar, now we want to know, should you do the first Adar because "ein ma'avirin al hamitzvos" or should you wait till the second Adar? This would answer another unbelievable question. You ready for the unbelievable question? Who's ready? The later the shiur starts, the better it is. It's a well-known principle. Yeah? You know that principle? You ever hear that principle? The later the shiur starts. This is a question of the Sefer Soyas Foice Re'aim on the Sefer Yere'im. The Yere'im was written by Rebbi Eliezer mi'Mitz. And he asks an unbelievable question. Raise your hand if you celebrate Purim Katan. Like all out. You know, the whole thing. Seudah, costume, balloons, Laffy Taffys, hamantaschen. It's a machlokes whether you're supposed to celebrate Purim Katan. What did we say last week? Talmidei Ba'al Shem, they don't do anything Purim Katan. Even though some say they do, but they don't. It's a machlokes Rishonim whether perm cotton is significant or not. As it says in Israel, according to the Usha army, that the perm story happened in the year that there were two Adars and it happened in the second Adar, then perm cotton should have no meaning whatsoever. Meaning, he asks on the we shine him that say you should celebrate perm cotton, but according to you shall we what logic is there to celebrate perm cotton? The story happened in the year there were two Adars and it happened in the second Adar. Why celebrate the first Adar? So we can answer that. Yeah, but those we shine him don't agree with that faces. They celebrated perm cotton. No, the some we shine him, but other we shine him say perm cotton is nothing. Why? And that's the the Rambam holds perm cotton is nothing. The rush holds it's nothing and also Rub sender, none of the time we did by sham do anything on perm cotton. And it will come around makes sense. Why? Because it it happened in a year that there were two Adars and the story happened in the second Adar. But according to the Shalom Achev, it's very beautiful. Cuz it's true the perm story happened in the year there were two Adars. But in year one, the perm story, nobody celebrated perm except for Shushan. So the first real perm was in a regular year where there's only one Adar. Now in year three, we want to know when to celebrate perm. So listen carefully. Rub laser Rub Yossi says in my view in all the myths was Rub Sham Gum Leo says no, some of Google Google Adif. Yeah, but still but we're not going to completely uh ignore Adar we shine because the Mesa in the first real perm, which is year two, there's only one Adar. So this is the Shalom Achev's take on the Usha army. Again, the Usha army says the story happened in the year that there were two Adars, but you could make the argument that even though the story happened in the year there were two Adars and happened in the second Adar, but it wasn't fully observed until year two anyway, so that could be a reason to give credibility to to Adar Aleph. That's the first Because the question is what are we commemorating? Celebration or the nice? Okay, or the Kvius Yam Tov. How is the how is the Yam Tov established? So if you're going to say it was established in Adar base, then there's nothing around how could you ever celebrate Adar Aleph? But if it was never established in Adar, it wasn't established in Adar base. It was established in Adar. And now we want to know, okay, in year three, how do we follow the original establishment? So you say, well, it's logical to follow the original establishment in a way that commemorates how the miracle happened. Or it could be that that's not how that's not how Kviuses are carried out. The way they're carried out is following the way it was established initially. That's approach number one. Approach number two, I'm going to ask you now the best question you ever heard on perm, hands down. And you hear this question, you're going to be kicking yourself. Why didn't I ever throw this question? Don't kick yourself too hard. Never get down on yourself. But you could a little bit, you know, you should think why Okay. Anybody know the whole story of perm? How much time did it occupy? From the ascent of Haman. In other words, from when Haman gave the idea to hang Mordecai until the day that Haman was hanging, how long was the whole story? The whole story was 72 hours. Haman comes to Ahasuerus on Yud Gimmel Nissan. Let's hang Mordecai. By the first day of Pesach he's hanging. Can you imagine the whole story happened in 72 hours? Haman came with the plot on Yud Gimmel Nissan. Mordecai heard about it. He let Esther know know. They fasted three days. Mordecai Esther went into the palace. The next thing we know Haman fell on the bed and he's a dead man. He's dead like a Haman. He's smashed like a Hamantash. The whole story whole perm story 72 hours. Hazal say God never puts a tzaddik in a bind for more than 72 hours. So the big question on the Megillah is, if you look at number 14, the original document to eradicate the Jewish people was went out on when? Yud Gimmel Nissan. When did Mordecai write the second document to rescind the decree? Look at number 14. By the way, this possuk, you know what the distinction of this possuk is? It's the longest possuk in the whole Tanakh. This is the possuk of the greatest Yeshua that ever happened to the Jewish people. The rescinding of the original decree. What's the date? 23rd day of Sivan. What what exactly was Mordecai waiting for? On the first day of Pesach Haman was hanging like a piece of salami. So the next day, Mordecai needs to immediately write, okay, now let's not get killed, let's kill the enemy. What's he waiting? The whole Nissan, the whole year, practically the whole Sivan, and then he sends out the decree. He waited 70 days. You ever wonder what what was he doing for 70 days? He said, you know, when I get around to it, I'll write that we shouldn't get killed. I don't have time right now. Busy. I have a lot of things to do. You know, it's an emergency. It's only the whole Jewish people. We'll do it in 70 days. The next morning at the Levaya of Haman, he should have had the letter ready to go out that now instead of us getting killed we're going to kill the enemy. That's the Kasha of Rub Yonas and I have a What in the world was the man waiting for? Good question, right? Raise your hand if you think it's a good question. Raise your hand if you think it's the best question you ever heard on the Megillah. Every it's unanimous. Everybody thinks it's the best. Right? What what what exactly was the Yichus of the 23rd day of Sivan? Comes Rub Yonas and I have a and we're going to address something that we learned last week that was almost inexplicable. Do you remember last week we saw the Rashbam in Baba Basra on Dof P, said that pigeons give birth every month. There's only to a male and a female. There's only one month a year they can't give birth. Adar. Can you imagine they're fertile like anything? They pump out Zachor and Nekevah every month like clockwork. Comes the month of Adar, they become infertile. What what happened to them? Says Rub Yonas and I have a what an unbelievable approach. He says Why did he delay 70 days? Says Rub Yonas and I have a very it's very simple. You know, the Usha army says the year the perm story happened, it was a Ibur year. You know, the Gemara says in many places in Shas, you're not allowed to be Ibur the year before Rosh Hashanah. You can't make a second Adar before Rosh Hashanah. Now the decree went out in Nissan. And Haman decreed that the Jews should be killed in Adar. And the question though is, apparently ultimately, it was an Ibur year. How is it an Ibur year? Who proclaimed it an Ibur year? Are you allowed to proclaim it an Ibur year in Chutz Aretz? Is the Beis Din in Chutz Aretz allowed to make an extra month in the year? Anybody know the answer to that question? Can a a court in America make an extra Adar? Could a court in Bavel make a The answer is yeah, as long as there's no Beis Din Hagadol in Yerushalayim. But what if there is a Beis Din Hagadol in Yerushalayim? Then they can't do it. In the times of perm, was there a Beis Din Hagadol in Yerushalayim? You better believe there was. Absolutely, there was a Beis Din Hagadol in Yerushalayim. Who was manning that Beis Din? Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. They had big guns. Could Mordecai then can Mordecai can Mordecai make it an Ibur year even though there's a high court in Yerushalayim? The Gemara says in Sanhedrin, only Bishas Hadchak. Only if they give permission. As soon as Haman made the decree to to destroy us in Adar, Mordecai got very nervous. There are two months in the year that have very bad mazel. What months? Av. Av has bad mazel. The mazel of Av is Aryeh, lion, cuz lions lions are not cuddly. They they eat their prey. And fish fish are dangerous. Big fish eat little fish. The two worst mazels of the year are Av and Adar. Actually Adar was worse than Av. The original permutation of Hashem's name for Adar is Yud Kay Vav Kay, so if it came backward Adar was originally the worst month of the year. The mazel is bad. The mazel of Adar is bad. It's Dagim. Dagim are dangerous. Leviathan? You don't want to get near the Leviathan. Leviathan could swallow could swallow the whole Bingo with the parking lot and the trucks. And all the other stores in the neighborhood. For dessert. Why why is Heshvan called Marheshvan? Mar? That's a very good question. But it's beyond the scope of this year. Marheshvan is still a good month. But it's not like Adar Av and and Adar. So Mordechai had a plan. When he heard when Mordechai heard that Haman was planning on Adar he said, "Emergency! Emergency! Emergency! Let's make an Ibbur year." So the the Jews said, "You can't make an Ibbur year before Rosh Hashanah. It's Nissan now." He said, "I could do Bishas Hadchak." Yeah, but you need permission. Who does he need permission from? The Sanhedrin. So Mordechai has to send a letter to the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem requesting to allow him in order to eradicate Haman's decree to make an extra Adar. Does anybody know how long it takes for a message to get back and forth from Persia? Persia to Jerusalem and back? 70 days. Therefore, the Megillah says, "Not until day 70." When Mordechai got the official authorization from Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi to make it a double Adar did the gezeirah rescind because until then, even though Haman's dead, so would we have been. Why? Cuz he made the decree in Adar. "U'khi kesav Asher nishta b'shem hamelech v'nachasim b'taba'as hamelech ein lo hashiv." The only way around it was to get the authorization to make a second Adar. This explains the impossible pasuk in the Megillah of why it took Mordechai 70 days until he wrote to rescind the decree. So it comes out according to Rabbi Yonasan Eibeschutz, what does the Yerushalmi mean? What does the Yerushalmi mean? That the year the Purim story happened there were two Adars. We The answer is originally it was only one Adar. But the way we got out of it is that Mordechai added an extra Adar in order to circumvent the decree of Haman. Does that mean Mordechai knew for sure that they were going to do it? By the way He didn't know. He didn't know, and it wasn't going to be that. So according to this approach of Rabbi Yonasan Eibeschutz this would explain A, what the significance of Purim Katan. Because even though ultimately it was going to be in a second Adar but originally it was going to be in one Adar. So you say, "Which Adar were we saved?" I don't know, maybe we were saved in the first Adar. We were saved because an extra Adar was added. But in which Adar were we saved? In which Adar was the decree originally? Adar Aleph. Ultimately, which one would it have been? Adar Beis. So what do you do in an in a in a following year when there are two Adars? It's machlokes Rabbi Eliezer Rabbi Yosi and Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel. Should you celebrate Adar Aleph? A little bit, you should. Even though the Talmidei Ba'al Shem they don't do anything in Adar Aleph, but maybe you should. That's the approach of of Rabbi Yonasan Eibeschutz. That's the greatness of Rabbi Yonasan Eibeschutz. Now, could we answer some of Mahari Bruna's kashas that Haman right? The Mahari Bruna asked, "So then wait a second, Haman only made 12 la- 12 lots." Sure he did, he only made 12 lots. Because there were only going to be 12 months. He didn't He He got the Ezra Hasofer's luach. But the original Ezra Hasofer's luach did not have a extra month. They had to send out a second edition after Rosh Hashanah. They made another mailing and another fundraiser that year. Believe me, they took advantage of the second calendar that year. And regarding the Mahari Bruna's second question, why would anybody celebrate Adar Aleph? Because technically the gezeirah of Haman was for Adar Aleph. And this perhaps would explain the significance of Purim Katan. That's the second approach in the Yerushalmi. The year of the Purim story there was a second Adar. It wasn't supposed to be a second Adar, but Mordechai arranged that there should be a second Adar. Third approach of the Yerushalmi. The third approach of the Yerushalmi is from Drashos Ha'agudas Chasam Sofer and the Sha'alos U'Teshuvos as well. Take a look at number 18. The Sha'alos U'Teshuvos says that even though the Yerushalmi says in the year of the Purim story there were two Adars one way to learn it is like we learned it originally, the miracle happened in Adar Beis. Again, to which you could ask, as we did, why would anybody celebrate Adar Aleph? Or you could say as follows. So Rabbi if I just if you check I know maybe in the book the my best No interjecting. I talk about the lots in Purim that that Haman drew. Why would we call it Yom Tov after such a bad thing? Good question. I forgot to mention the book The Concealed and the Revealed is now available in pocket size. So Is that true? It said in the book. So you could look in you could look in The Concealed and the Revealed. And on chapter Remez on the Sefer Megillas Esther page 162 you'll find an answer to that question. Now, the answer also appears on 162 in the large edition. Same page number. Same page the Hebrew sefer the name of the chapter is Remez Megillas Esther Nafsheinu b'Nafsho. We bring there from Rabbi Ovadia Yosef and to the Benei Yissachar in the name of the Ba'al Tanya. Very good question. Approach number three. Says the Sha'alos U'Teshuvos the Yerushalmi says the year of the Purim story there were two Adars. But the Yerushalmi doesn't say the Purim story happened in Adar Beis. Says the Sha'alos U'Teshuvos Haman decreed to make Purim to de- destroy the Jews in Adar Aleph. So you say if it if it happened in Adar Aleph then why do we celebrate Adar Beis? Yeah? Now, if it happened Now, if it happened in Adar Aleph we don't under- we would understand Rabbi Eliezer Rabbi Yosi why in all future years we celebrate Adar Aleph. But how do we explain Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel that in future years they celebrate Adar Beis? He says the same trick we pulled earlier. Because in Adar the first year nobody celebrated Purim. Only in Shushan. Everywhere else they didn't celebrate Purim. They didn't yet celebrate Purim until year two. And in year two there's only one Adar. So now the question is, how do we pro- proceed from there? Especially Chasam Sofer writes in Drashos Ha'agudas Chasam Sofer Chasam Sofer writes, "Why were we saved in Adar Aleph?" We were saved in Adar Aleph because Moshe Rabbeinu was born in Adar Beis. And therefore since Moshe was born during that general period we were saved. But we were bailed out through Adar Beis. So maybe that would be a reason to celebrate Adar Beis. Be that as it may, that's another way to learn the Yerushalmi. The Yerushalmi just means in the year of the Purim story it was a me'uberet, but not that the yeshua not that the gezeirah was in Adar Beis. The gezeirah was in Adar Aleph. And finally we have the approach of Sha'alos U'Teshuvos Chasam Sofer. Chasam Sofer in the Teshuvos Siman Kuf Samach Gimmel. Chasam Sofer says that certainly the year of the miracle it was supposed to be an Ibbur year. The Yerushalmi doesn't say. All the Yerushalmi says "Oisa Hashanah hoisa me'uberet." It was primed to be an Ibbur year. Haman wanted that it should be in an Ibbur year. Listen carefully. Why? And schedule it for Adar Aleph. Cuz since Moshe Rabbeinu was born in Adar Beis, he didn't want to do it in Adar Beis because of the birth of Moshe. So he purposefully wanted it to be in an Ibbur year. And then try to kill us in Adar Aleph. So what did what did the Chachamim do? They said, "No, we're going to trick you. We're going to get the full protection of Moshe. How? We're going to make it not an Ibbur year." When the Yerushalmi says it was a year that there were two Adars, it means it was supposed to be two Adars. And the reason it was supposed to do two Adars is Haman was trying to avoid killing us in the month that Moshe was born, so that we shouldn't be protected by the birth of Moshe. So, he scheduled to Adar Aleph. And the way we got around it was by eliminating Adar Bet. So, in fact, it What it has question was the reverse. What? What it has question Shilo was the reverse. He doesn't get into who was responsible. He doesn't discuss the question of what was Moshe what was Mordecai waiting for? Why did it take 7 days? But he brings that he quotes you shall me then the year of the Purim story there were it was two Adars. And he asks so in that case this the miracle happened in Adar Aleph. So, the miracle happened in Adar Aleph then we should always celebrate Adar Aleph. He says, "Oh, no. Some of Gula L'Gula." So, I have a question he says. Let's say it would have happened in Kislev. You would also pushed it off to the Adar Bet to be some of Gula L'Gula? If it happened in a year that there were two Adars in Adar Aleph, then what would the shot be in Reb Shimon Gamaliel? To which he says it was supposed to happen in a year that there was Adar Aleph. It was supposed to happen in a year that there were two Adars in Adar Aleph, but they changed the calendar and they made it only one Adar. So, ultimately it happened in a regular Shana P'shuta. So, it comes out this is a fourth way of understanding you shall me. When the you shall me says it was me ubaris, it doesn't mean it was me ubaris, it was supposed to be me ubaris. And it was supposed to be in Adar Aleph, which by the way, that would explain Reb Lazar Rabbi Yossi. Why would we celebrate Adar Aleph? We don't really need much explanation cuz it happened in a regular year. So, in Mavirin Al Hamitzvos. And this would explain the significance of Purim Katan. And by the way, this would not answer why Haman made only 12 lots and not and not 13 lots. But For B'Ma'avar Hashana it's not dependent on Adas, it's dependent on scheduling Nissan for the spring, right? So, Ma'avar Chadashim it's going to be dependent on Adas. Ma'avar Hashanim it's going to be dependent on the basically the climate during Nissan. But to save the Jewish people, they have they have some leeway, you know? They were they were given some discussion. So, let's try to say clearly the four approaches in the you shall me. The words of the you are that Oisa Hashana Oisa Me'uberes. That year was an Ibur year. So, we have the approach of the Carbon Ha'Eida, the Pnei Moshe, the Sha'arei Issachar that it was a year that there were two Adars. It happened in the second Adar. Why would you celebrate the first Adar? Because anyway in year one only in Shushan they celebrated it. But we asked on the Bnei Issachar, what does he mean? I heard the G'zeira happened in Adar Sheini. What do you mean you heard it? It's you shall me. The answer should be simple. It's not so simple what the you means. Yeah, the you shall me says it was it was an Ibur year. But maybe it means it could have been a it should have been an Ibur year. Or even though it was an Ibur year it happened in Adar Aleph. So, the Bnei Issachar was saying, "I know the you You're not going to pass the you over you know you're not going to slip a you by me. When I say I heard I mean I heard shot in the you is it happened in an Ibur year and it happened in Adar Bet. That's one approach. Approach we asked on that approach, so Okay. Then we have the second approach. Second approach is Reb Yonasan Eibeschutz that it was supposed to be one Adar. And Haman wanted to be in Adar cuz in Adar we have bad mazel and the proof is by the way, you know why pigeons don't give birth in Adar? Because Klal Yisrael compared to pigeons. And just like they had have bad mazel, we have bad mazel in that month until it was switched. And Mordecai came along and he said, "No, no, no, no. We're going to make a second Adar." And he pushed off Haman's G'zeira to Adar Bet. Adar Bet we don't have bad mazel. According to that we understand why Haman didn't make 13 lots cuz it was only supposed to be one Adar. According to this we understand why perhaps you would celebrate one Adar. Another approach is it was a year that there were two Adars and the miracle happened in Adar Aleph and perhaps you celebrate Adar Bet cuz again, the first year only in Shushan they celebrated. And finally the fourth approach was the exact opposite. It was me ubaris. It was supposed to be me ubaris. And it was scheduled for Adar Aleph. Haman wanted it to have to be to be Adar Aleph. And Mordecai eliminated Adar Bet so that we have the full protection of the birth of Moshe Rabbeinu. And now we have a very reasonable We don't understand why Haman didn't know about this. I guess Haman's calendar was Right, this will not explain why Haman made 12 lots instead of 30 should have made 13. What? He was cheating cuz he didn't want Adar Bet. He wanted It sounded like he wanted it to be Adar Aleph. I mean he knew there were 13 months, but he that wasn't going to be a possibility. He took that out of the pot. It was a rigged election. If it's an Ibur year and there are two Adars Yeah. pigeons pigeons don't give birth in both Adars? There's only one way to find out. We go out to the Brooklyn Navy Yard and we can check out the nests and we see if the pigeons give birth. I'm going to have to discuss with my people. But that's what the Rashbam says in the beginning of Hamaychis Asfina Bava Basra that pigeons don't have good mazel in Adar. But the good news is that's for the pigeons. It used to be for us. Now, Baruch Hashem, the Sha'arei Issachar writes that originally the mazel Adar was Yud Kay Vav Kay backwards Saifei Teivos and it got switched. So, you can look in your Siddur and the permutation of Yud Kay Vav Kay of Adar is no longer Ki Chol B'Chol Zayin Anu Shaveli. It's now a different permutation. So, these are four approaches in the you shall me that says Oisa Shana Me'uberes Haisa. So, I'm very glad I was able to come back and share this. And that's it. Next week regular time 8:30 Wednesday night. Thank you very much for your kind attention. Bracha L'Tzacha Kol Tuv. All right. Thank you. All right. Who was the one that convinced the Israel to knock off the decree? To knock off the decree? Yeah, to take the decree away. Mordecai and Esther. You've just experienced another Torah class brought to you by torahanytime.com.