Meet Shmuel Hannagid, His Introduction To Shas & Why The Rambam Disagreed

okay good morning everyone so we're changing it up a little bit this morning I want to introduce to you one of the great Personalities in Jewish history is considered the first generation of reach China which means he came right after the goinum he was born in Cordova in 993 he passed away in Granada in 1055. shmuel hanagid was a student of RAB khanoich so if you want to understand Jewish history this is probably the most important episode you need to be familiar with the story of the arabash William the four captives we spoke about this many times we are for rabbonim we're setting sail from Bari Italy and their their ship was uh was attacked by Pirates and four great Scholars were Redeemed by four communities throughout Europe and it really transferred the balance of power from Babel to Europe so for example Yahoo was sold to Alexandria was a the father of benochanano was sold on the African coast and Moshe bench was redeemed in Spain so that's basically if you ever wanted to know how did Torah get from um Babylonia the Babylonian academies to Europe to Spain to North Africa to Egypt it was through this episode of the dalid shuyam so comes to Cordova he's one of the four captives he was uh taken over by his son Robin um student was is considered a first generation reshine other examples of first generation rishinam were Robin and Robinson going so let's say you open up a gemara brachice you look on the side of the page first generation reshine you have um was first generation Richard again the son of RAV kushiel and shmuel hanaged became with ravnism going so they were as well okay was the students of his father during his lifetime no one opposed him he had a great Patron his name was you might be familiar with this name you ever hear that name is and what happened was that after of moisha passed away his son was the leader of Spanish jewry but it was challenged by Robert IBN avisor who was also a student of his father of Hanoi there was a great split in the community and in order to put The Strife to bedram um so you know if you think that splits in communities and between different kihilis are are a new phenomenon you know as they say it's as old as the hills so basically who is is a store keeper he is a master of many disciplines for example Sciences mathematics calligraphy Arabian poetry language in the year 1012 Cordova is torn by Civil War and suleimane is Victorious and has to run away here's a very important legend about is he's a shopkeeper and his store is located near Shabbos of Granada Granada he's the king of Granada Spain had different regions so chabos is the king the visor is a guy by the name of al-arif one day the maidservant of Allah riff asks shmuel the shopkeeper If he if he could write some letters to the master so composes some letters to Allah Allah riff is uh I'm amazingly impressed by Shawn nuggets writing Talent so he said you know I'm the visor of the king and I'm writing these really bad uh you know letters on behalf of the king I should start using they didn't have ai back then I should start using to write my letters for me so secretly was writing all the letters for alarif on behalf of King chabas Allah is on his sick bed he's about to die King Chavez says what's going to be with me I'm not going to have a visor he said I'll tell you the truth I didn't do anything it was all the shopkeeper shemal nugget became uh the Nugget the prince because he ascended in uh Universal greatness uh to the extent where there's actually a palace in uh Spain one of the most famous palaces is called the Alhambra Palace it's a tribute that he owned this Palace that's how powerful was and the so again he's now the visor of King Shabbos King Shabbos dies in 1037. there's a big split who should succeed the king sided with the Das the minority party to favor the older son badis however the majority followed the younger sonagat through his genius was able to uh allow badis to wrestle free the power and he became the king of Granada so bad this the oldest son of Shabbos becomes the king of Granada and shmuel hanagid became the second most important person in the entire world because he's the visor of the success the the one who succeeded the king of Granada so he establishes a major uh tamurika cabinet Academy he gives daily shiram he had a tremendous Library he wrote many compendiums and grammar poaching philosophy he spent a lot of money paying for his Yeshiva he became very good friends with her of Nissan gun was a student of haigon and Ramis became um so I want to share with you something very interesting if you look in the back of any massage you have something called it's very interesting you look in the back of the Seth right after the rush sobracas has uh 63 blood right it ends on that so right after uh the message that you have the rush and right after the rush [Applause] um you have something called chole talmud the you know introduction to gamara yeah you know I always think it would have been nice if somebody would have given some kind of introduction to gamar instead of you know yeah you don't know what come up what's a tashma anyway so I want to share with you um just some ideas that are brought in the Marvel was written by none other than I'm gonna I'm gonna tell you one story though this is a good one um Legend has it this is brought in the safe area of the Ravid the first which um the story goes like this one time the Shema was walking through the streets and some guy from a store heaped tremendous insult on nugget cursed him out so the the king got very upset he says the Shema nugget hear the visor cut off his tongue do he sent the man a very great gift he sent him a great present okay a little while later is passing by with the king and the man comes out and he throws on a tremendous compliment so the king says I don't understand I told you to cut off his tongue smile Naga says I did I gave him a present so his tongue was cut off he couldn't wag his sharp evil tongue against me now Look you see now he's only hurling compliments on me okay that's a famous story about schwannagan in the in the what I want to discuss this morning is an interesting and the rambam regarding something called anybody know what mahalta is foreign okay and then there's the Supreme says an amazing thing if you were to break up the gemara the tamad babli into different you know if you could identify you know sometimes in Yeshiva they ask okay what is this is this a question is this an answer is this a proof is this a but we know they're different kinds of questions there's esvay there's massive there so there there's a massive there's their proofs their questions how many different in other words if you could break up every part of gemara into different complex how many different possibilities can a step in gamara be now the breakup gemara into one of X number of components nugget identifies all the possibilities of what a good marketing so I want to read to you from the beginning foreign because he never in his life put his hands below his waist why did he write the oral laws he wrote it to preserve it lest it be forgotten so you have mishnah then you have the commentary to the mission the commentary to the mission of the happier the commentary could also be broken up into two parts number one the gemara is also broken up into two parts part one is we hold like part two is we don't hold like is what God didn't tell Maisha so you ask a question why in the world would anybody put into a body of information like and what Hashem didn't I mean it would make everyone's life easier if talmad if the dafyami wasn't a seven and a half year psych it was a two and a half year cycle and maybe instead of doing a bladder day we could do a half an hour a day and you have a lot more lime them but what in the what in the world do we need why include information God did not tell Maisha so I know everyone has their philosophical answers no it's not God didn't tell this to Maisha it might be wise it might help us understand what we do hold like but the bottom line is God didn't tell to Maisha what the Messiah over the years have gotten lost and that's but so just include what's correct why include what's not correct so look what he says what's correct is what we learned from life whether it's the opinion of a minority eventually um similarly which is pushed away is is what was not learned from God information so basically Tami babli includes good info correct information and incorrect information so you'll ask them yet why did rebby include in the mishnah opinions that we don't hold like you should have just written what we do hold like you know what the answer is he said because you can answer as follows the earliest authorities all the early tanam they copied over what they learned whether it was or whether it wasn't in other words they didn't necessarily know what was what wasn't came along he had a codify even what was not halacha so that in later generations nobody gets up and says uh what are you talking about you say this that's what you learned from your Abby I learned from my rebi something else so Rebbie had to write all the opinions and say this is right and that's wrong meaning we need to write the wrong opinions so that we know it's wrong because if we only write the correct opinions later someone's going to come and say no my opinion is correct so therefore Robbie wrote what's right and Robbie wrote what's wrong and he gave us rules to know what's right and what's wrong but if we can't have anything coming later and saying no no you forgot to you forgot this opinion serebi had to include all the opinions to know what's correct and what's wrong today's what I learned and if he says it if he says is what I learned yeshivuhu we're going to respond to him it is not it is not correct why do we incorporate the view why do we codify the view of an individual in the face of the many levatla to say that it's wrong so if somebody comes and says I heard like this we say we ready we know that one already and it's wrong so that's the Indian of including whether in the mission or the gemara opinions that we don't hold like said nobody comes and says later no no that's not the right conclusion you forgot about this opinion no we don't forget about everything we laid everything out there and we come to a conclusion that's the reason basically why go um the the incorrect opinions are included ah Now what is gamara this is very interesting look on the page that begins to the second part of which is the commentary to the mishna gamara yes it could be one of 21 different categories isn't that interesting there could be a gamara could be one one of 21 different things it could be toy SEPTA it could be brysa it's obviously we need to identify what are these things what is what is brysha perus commentary a question chuva an answer so Yeshiva we're wondering about this like anybody Kusha an attack pay Rook an answer to yufta a refutation see you out support Ramia a contradiction a powerful question why we need two statements maisa a story she might say tradition afterwards so basically gemara could be one of 21 things it's interesting that we know that on the talent you have a shin one shin has three heads one chin has four heads you ever wonder why do we have a three-headed chin and a four-headed chin why do we have a three-headed chin and foreign [Music] but we only have six orders of the machines but they used to have 600 orders of the machines so that would have been a very long cycle if you're learning Michigan let's say so instead of taking six years it would it would take 16 years it would take 600 years that's a very long time 600 years that could that could take time 600 years that could take a lot of time so the crown of the Jew is the tarsh about path we allude to it in the two shins Shin is 300 Shin is 300 600 we wear the tire on our head but there's an opinion that there are 700 Saddam in the mishnah so therefore one of The Shins has a fourth head to indicate 400. but it comes out does anybody know how many times hashem's name is mentioned in so on 21. why because the gemara is 21 Parts they're 21 different halachim of gamara so they're 21 different mentions of the name of Hashem today I want to talk about mercota that if you have a gemara bracha it's the in the mother on the next page I don't know what happened here um oh yeah you have it look on the page that begins okay is remnants of the mishnah say what do you mean remnants of the mishnah the mission of the mission no remnants of the 600 sudharam so tricepter is a remnant of the original mishnah and how do you know when something is a ticefta when we say Tana the word Tana signifies and when it comes on the heels of the mishnahamas and what's Bryson all the books that the early greats codified and wrote after the mishnayas so anything taught after the era of the mishnah is called um foreign how do you know when something's a Bryson by the way tough race let's go match you have tough race 600 this comes like a leftover from the 600 sudharam a and if there's no Mac like this it's bottom line is what does he called is something that came after the time of the mission highest so now I want to share with you something interesting because came after the time of the mishnais as opposed to what what about medrish medrish is not a commentary on The mishnah Madras is a commentary straight up on the so it means medrish is earlier than Bryce Bryce is after the time of the mishnah medrishes earlier there's an interesting gumar and condition what if oh we have a Hassan here let's say somebody says to their Kala marry me on condition that I learned and I'm not Reckoning none of the suggestions that I'm giving now are recommended to a Hassan in 2023 just let's say you know like back in the day just keep with the regular I would keep with the regular program whatever they tell you that don't make any stipulate it's not a time for stipulations but back in the day they used to make stipulations you know in Yeshiva one of the the biggest jokes one of the best jokes was you know you have a hakira you know what's shot in Amigo is Amigo uh is it uh Araya or kayakataina or is so what difference does it make the difference is if you marry a woman on condition that what shot of kazaka is if you say I you know that's the Naf Camino you know every time there's some kind of like hairline split you say what difference does it make difference is if you marry a woman unconditioned that this is the correct way to view it okay Sigma says let's say you marry a woman on condition that I that I learned Hamish so you have to be proficient in all the succumb of Hamish let's say you say to a woman marry me on a condition that I am showing there so his Kia says you have to learn the rib says that means mishnah fine let's say you tell a woman on condition then I'm a Tana that definitely don't do okay say Harare so the the gemara says until you have to learn mishnah sifra sifri antisepta you hear if you tell a woman you know this looks like you know looks like this is going somewhere I would like to marry you on condition that I'm a Tana so what do you have to learn mishna okay is the remnant of the mishnah asked seems like the briskarov why didn't the reshinam say you need to learn right I mean this could happen and this is a very important question this could happen at any time anyone you know could go over to a woman and say marry me on condition that I'm a tana and you're not going to know what to do how much do you have to learn no I mean you know guys in Yeshiva they're capable of anything right so why does the gemaran kadushan say that if you say to a woman that that you have to learn why not ha [Music] so the risker episode as follows there's a very big difference between sephra safri and magalta sephra and sefri explain the principles of the mishnah but the is explaining the words of the Hamish itself therefore the mechulta is not commentary on the mishnah it's commentary on the Hamish but the guy told the woman means that I'm proficient in Tana material is not considered Tana Eric material it's considered material being as opposed to sephra safri which is he says by the way who wrote the sephron the safri RAV RAV was what he is a late tana and an early Amira so the iri says he was magala the secrets of the mishnah and now then the miyuri says there are other Hebrew like the and the sikta and the medrish rabbit tanhuma so he groups explains explains the briskarov quoted the safer mishimara levy on tamura who wrote the mechrota so we saw the machata was written by Rabbi Ishmael was what is a Tana so it was written by Ravi Ishmael during Ruby smells lifetime before rebby codified the mishnah which means the iri holds and it seems like others say the mechulta it preceded the mishnah machine came the sephron the safri was RAV after the mishnah so if somebody says to a woman marry me on conditioner Matana so that's why the rich items say you need to know sephra you need to know sifri you need to know you don't need to know precedes the mishnah you don't need to know you need to know sifra sifri taisafta anything written after the mishnah like the mahilta and the Safra so we have rambam and what is like commentary to the mishnah after the mishnah or is it like the rambam says it's something that explains the sukum itself how's that such because said how many components are there of gemara no 21 what's the second halac the second halac is Bryson and what is an example of a bryza is after the mishnah right look in um right it says and one of the examples is that one of the uh that he holds that brysa Ishmael that's going with shitase that one of the 21 parts of the gemara is brysa which which seems like it's a pay Rush of the Mishra right here yes Incorporated in brysa is part of Bryson that must mean that is a commentary to the mishnah right he's saying of gemara is the commentary to the mishnah included that is so that means he holds as a commentary to the mishnah as opposed to other who learned it's not a commentary to the mishnah but rather it's a commentary to the sukim itself so that's just an interesting okay everyone thank you for joining us today I wish you a wonderful day foreign