Journey to Italy 2024: FULL JOURNEY PART 2 - Padua, Ferrara, Chento, Bologna, Piza, & Livorno

this Torah class is brought to you by Torah anytime.com okay it's a great to be here in padva at the cover of one of the most renowned individuals in all of Italy maharam padva R mayor of padva R padva was the talid of rakov palik rakov Pik was the one who created a system of learning called pilpel in Poland R mayor padwa RoR katsen Ellen ban by the way I have book at home that traces back near the lineage of nearly all ashkenazic jewry hails from maram comes from he was a friend of sh he was a cousin of the Rama the Rama writes about him in a he says he's over 80 years old all of him the says now was born in 1482 in Prague so he was born in Prague how did he get to padva so he studies under rabak palik was the one who invented pilp he travels to Italy to learn under r Huda mince RAB Huda mince was the leading scholar in Italy after RAB Huda mince RAB huda's son aam of Min takes over RAB Min a of mince was so impressed with maram padwa that a mince gave maram padwa his daughter to marry when abam padwa passes away maram takes over as the chief Rabbi of padwa we have chuvas from him to the Sno to the Rama and his Chu are printed together with the Chas of rud Min R Min and what's very interesting is in the early editions of the rambam now this is very important in one of the earliest editions of the rambam printed in 1550 by alosio gani alosio gani printed the notes of maram padva on the rambam okay another competitor comes along Marco and I'm sorry the original printing of maram pado was printed by badini a competitor gani came along and produced a competing volume of the rambam with the notes of maram padwa unauthorized publication this became one of the biggest controversies in all of Europe and the monetary dispute transcended the squabble between them because maram padwa was a business partner with bredini in the printing press so ra turned to the Rama R turned to his cousin Rama to get involved to to speak to gani to tell him to stop publishing his footnotes on the rim where he has many one of theim was that gani even though he's a gentile is subject to this is that has no right to be and put a onani hear this the Rama putani in now nobody wants to be in from the Rama and certainly notani and the said that as long as there are additions of the bragini publication with the notes of padani has no right to sell this edition of the rambam gani did not accept theak of the Rama we were in Leo Island we were at the cover of rebelo bakur Alo bakur had a grandson Solomon Morano Solomon Morano became an apostate he tattled to the pope to defend gani and now in 1553 one of the greatest tragedies that ever happened in Italy the Pope C cleared that all of the talmuds have to be burnt because of this dispute gani did not accept the of the and uh this controversy erupted now maram padwa is responsible for many interesting Tak most notably in 1554 maram padwa issued that nobody May publish a saare without a from leading rabic authorities the idea that when you write a Seer you get a h see now nowadays you know people get Hamas it's like it's like a hobby almost but actually it has M it has a very important Source it comes from pad very early Authority from the times of he was born again in prag in 1482 he passed away here in padwa 1565 okay we're just going to clarify okay this this older K that says mayor here sh Gala mayor is where uh where it says sh is 1565 thank you for pointing it out this is a cover maram padwa R padwa Who We just spoke about this was the Ren padwa and he's the father of Yuda Katan Katan was son here it says Bish n n was 1697 is 1597 so this was the son of maram padva kelan ban was born here in padva but he passed away he passed away in Venice now why did he pass away in Venice became the chief rabbi of Venice in 1566 what's very interesting is there's a saer so the history of maram padva was he came from Poland he was a student of rakov Pik he came to learn by RAB Huda we're going to see we're going to go to rud's C RAB hudin was the chief R in all of Italy he was over a hundred years old okay we have a record that he did after age 100 even okay his son was a Min A Min took the maram padva as a son-in-law okay maram pva's son wasan and he became the chief Rabbi in Venice there's a saer Mahar okay everybody knows everybody thinks it's rabud it's a mistake there has nothing to do with rabud rabuda is the not the father-in-law of maram padva the grandfather-in-law of maram padva maram pad's son is the printers printed the of Yen with the title Mahar marim Min it's a famous sa J marim Min was not written by marim it was written by shik he was known as shiku Yehuda Katan okay so this is Marva and his son the first men was RAB rabih Huda men he was the eldest Statesman in in Italy and he came here from uh he came from Poland to Italy to learn by Mahari Min we're going to go to mahim minz um his son was a Min A Min gave his daughter to maram padva okay okay it's really remarkable I've been here in PVA a number of times I was never get into this location it's a tremendous privilege to be at the C of literally one of the most mystical figures in all of Jewish Italian History perhaps in all of Jewish history raav Val raav is considered the primary disciple of the ramal although he's 10 years older than the ramal and some say that he originally was Ram's rubbi in cabala now the ramal ultimately surpasses his own rebi we mentioned the the r the R's original R RAB rabas is a son-in-law of RAB who's the chief M in Italy but even the r ultimately comes to the RAM and recognizes the Ram's Eminence in cabala rali has a very important role in the Bas of the ram you could read in the official Tak the Ram's based Mets had official Tak if you look in the letters of RAM giml page Zion that there were two members of the Yesa that were appointed to be Mas in the Yesa and they all signed the official Charter of the Yesa so in the Ram's official Charter the first signature Ram number two re Gordon yud of VNA Gordon of VNA Yus Gordon of villa came to padva to study medicine to become a doctor we're going to learn the ram didn't want to keep him in the association how could you have someone studying medicine being part of the Yesa the Magid came to the RAM and he said no he should stay in the association the ram said could he continue to go to university yes he should go he should continue to study medicine the mag said and the third signature and the charter of the rid valali benu when the r left padva because what we mention yesterday because of the was the was probably the most mystical in all of Italy if not the most second only to the ram now there two the ram wrote in tandem with it almost boggles the mind the names of the and was written to and wrote AER to not only that there was a third partner in the sa the they joined the in the sa to and they in the safe they were trying to correct all the that were done from next we could use thater was to destroy all the and to rebuild the third B mikdash now writes manyas would visit him seeking T and on the appeared to Valley asking him for tikon now he said at his 26th birthday his soul began to illuminate in the secret associations ramal had he brought in raav Val and they would try to bring the gah and they would play a role they would act out unbelievably rosha DAV Val his role was to be MH the R's role would be mo so the r was Mo and the rad valali was mhia benav he wrote seven volumes of pmic in Italian but between 1747 and 1747 and 1752 ra valali wrote more than 1,000 800 pages of who that is in manuscript form in the British museum freedlander movich together with spinner they brought these they procured these manuscripts and that's why today we have many of the writings of the rad Val I'm going to give you a little taste for some of the K of the rad Val he says there's two kinds of intellect there's kma and there's Bina kma is knowledge Bina is the ability to extrapolate so debates who's greater or someone who has wide raging knowledge or someone who has intellectual prowess to be able to distinguish and differentiate says Rad in they have that's why the greatest who ever lived was the r maybe that's why are called on the other hand p is not for P is for says Rad Val why cuz ashm come from Germany Germany is in the north the north is the left side if you're left brained you're sharper so that's why ashaz are sharper but says what about they have nothing but if you come from so you're in the East you have a and in you have both qualities next Christianity was predicted in Prophecy to R how R was told listen this R was told the older one yav will worship yav will serve the younger one literally as will serve Yakov no ver the older one asov Christianity will worship a Jew hear this ver the older brother as will worship as a Jew says there's a talion in the T there are words in the T written in Italian said where any no noan here that's not a good question to ask in the but we know that when they make they say sanctify them with the never when we make a do we say anything other than why do why is the word why don't you say why say it says in the have to bless the people am Rabbi rabi Kruger what what's how do you say love in Italian am with love that the were commanded to bless the people with Love Therefore part of the if and it's not nothing where does it come from part of the T there were Italian origins in the T one more is told stick out your hand and grab the tail of what the what's the tail of the the last letter of thein was told to use his Yad what happens when you combine y y with a shin from here we learn when you have problems with with the you combine and shin that's why says that's the source that's the root of how is here in padwa where these are streets that the ramal walked likely the ramal prayed in this synagog and we're going to play a little game okay rabant once remarked it's easy to write a book like the it's much harder to write even one page of or once asked which saer he should learn said you can even make the case perhaps of any safer ever written after the time of the gamar maybe the sh the most influential safer in the history of the Jewish people is M SAR now we mentioned M SAR had a hard time here in Italy he was put into primarily by the chief Rabbi of Venice ritak Pacifico now rabit pacif Pacifico was a heavyweight Rabbi when the AR came to Italy he got a fromaz opposed the ram the rabbi of Alona if you on the outside of the sh you see the names are all Mor porgo rgo also opposed ramal so ramal is looking for respit the first time he has respit in his life is he comes to amster them because in Venice they were him in Frankfurt they were him he finally comes to Amsterdam and the plan was not to ever publish it was not in the cards why he saidu it's enough already every book he writes he's just asking for trouble they just want to harm him they just want to kill him so he wrote it and he said he's going to live in peace he had no plan to publish it now everything is of course and the Ram comes to Amsterdam and he meets two good friends in Amsterdam their names were rakov Bashan and Ravid mulah now R mullah was a son of R raal mullah Ral mullah was the chief Rabbi of Leo he's buried in Leo maybe we'll find his Kev when we go to Leo so by the way R is also buried in learno was one of the chief opponents of sh they become very close with the ramal and the ramal had just published written with no plans of publishing it and the ram gets wind that his friend mulah was publishing a new manuscript on Chua so M say you know I'm writing a book on Chua I heard Ram that you wrote sa mus maybe would it be okay if I see it R says why do you want to see it he said I don't know because I'm writing a book on chuva and maybe you preempted me maybe once CE you wrote your book my book will become obsolete do me a favor I would like to look at your new safer so the M may be against his better judgment he gave the manuscript of to mulah R mulah is in a SPO he said why in the world would I ever write my book after your book my book is secondary my book is subpar why would I ever publish my book and RAM said the reason you're going to publish your book is because I will not publish M you want to publish it you can publish your book you don't want to publish it don't publish it but I am not publishing M and They begged him and they cajoled him and they pressured him and they pressured him and they pressured him and finally the ram said by the way many of the R's manuscripts not only were not published they were burned rakov Kats shyak took a box of the manuscripts of ramal and he had them burned and the ramal said let it be let it be finally the M against his will it's the only book he published against his will he published m in 1740 because Amsterdam was also a center of Jewish publishing the first edition of had two of the two R in Amsterdam ravidas andimoo and if you look at the they shower great Praise on the ra also there a from the chief Rabbi of LNO now rakov Bashan writes in his hak that if there was ever a God that you can make a on him it would be and as you saw on that um production I just want to make one slight amendation when the V when the Ofna read M he was so astonished by the greatness he said if the ramal would have been alive in his lifetime he would have walked all the way from Lita to padwa now this is the go the G did not waste time the go at the end of the year would say Vio on the number of minutes that he lost out from Li in the course of the year the going at the end of his life when his sister came to visit him he spoke to her and then he cut the conversation short he said the beard is getting gray he's being beckoned by the next World the gr says that he would have walked Barefoot to hear the words of the so it was asked before you know at what point in time did the ra become acceptable in normative Jewish perspective probably the comments of the V had a lot to do with this but um you know there's a question why the said that only the first 11 chapters of written what about the rest of it the rest of it wasn't written so said like this said the truth is the entire was written however the is based on the pr the of and ultimately the had a different GE in the than the ra so he only would acknowledge where the Ram's commentary coincided with his Gea after that although was had a different Gea so this is we're walking the streets of RA L who was uh of course ultimately he died in a plague and according to tradition he's buried in Taria which is the city where mhia will reveal itself right next to the great Tana Raba so okay I think we could say this is the that tradition has it the cemetery an older Cemetery was moved here in hat shin T 1956 and the old Cemetery the bones were brought here as it says on the sign it's hard to capture the lifetime of such a great personality in a few moments D barel of course was a finance minister of King ferand and Queen Isabel and he was given the only allowance to remain in the country to be able to assist them but as a royon theel went into Gus with his brethren in 1492 and he's wandering he comes finally to Italy in the year GM GM 1493 the year GM 1493 he comes to Naples in 1493 he then comes to monopole in the south of Italy and finally in in uh 1503 the abar ranel comes to Venice and in Venice here in Italy theel completes many of his unpublished Works he wrote a Trilogy on mhia yeshu yesu yesu he writes many interesting things about what he saw here in Italy he writes in his commentary to per that when he came to Italy for the first time in his life he saw something called a rabbi in in Spain there's no there's no concept of Rabbi he says where does rabbi come from where does come from we there's a university in padaa they had doctors so they also ordained rabbis the the wrote a great work on P there is a kit of the z p called s who wrote rabud AR of Moda now barel saw in his wandering in his Exile a great hash when he came from Spain to Italy he writes in a letter all the years I worked in high government I didn't have time to learn so even though I had power I had Prestige I had wealth I didn't have time to learn saer I couldn't open up a book I expended my days in and it says now I understand what it means now that I have no position and no money now I have the opportunity to learn theel was nter in the year 1508 at 71 years old but we don't refer to it as the year we refer to as the year the Year that we're missing the barbanel theel was brought to burial and 5 days earlier was the burial of Yehuda and they were buried side by side in the old cemetery and their bones were also brought here together to this Cemetery I think I've been waiting many many years to share this with you I think uh it's AES to share theel has a very unique approach to understanding what we call anyone who's listened to the shum over the years we've say this many many times all the struggle to understand what exactly is is it blessing Ru didn't get shim didn't get they were being criticized they were being castigated Z seems to get real estate advice has been complimented Y is been complimented Asher is a baker what exactly isakov is it bling is it advice is it prophecy and only the Abel comes up with an original explanation Abel says it was not real estate advice it was not castigation it was not rebuke yaku aino is in his deathbed he sees the family is growing he understands that for there there to be a future of Cl is we need to have a king we need to have a m and one by one yaku goes through his children studying their personality their future and determining who would be worthy to be the next king and who Kings will come from ru yov says it's disqualified he's too impetuous he's too quick in his decision making Shimon and Ley they're powerful but they they have anger angerer aser is not a m aser doesn't have what it takes aser bakes for who's a businessman you can't a businessman cannot a king can be in Commerce even y says y because he elicited the jealousy of the brothers did not have the personality to be the ultimate is only yehud yehud had the power the durability the endurance the courage to be the M this is what Yu was doing in his deathbed and this is an approach which is RO because says I all the leaders of is always come from yud from and one thing we know about theel writes in many of his that he is that he himself was a sh from the great trunk of yes writes and I am from the seed of says all the from the time of yehud always come from from so this is one of the great approaches of okay as we mentioned in the old in the ancient Cemetery the abarbanel and rabud Min were buried side by side they were both nft during the year 508 and they passed away 5 days apart apart from each other so can you imagine the two greatest luminaries of the time passed away within a week of each other now rabih Huda Hali mince was ashkanazi mince means Mains he came from Mains from ashkenaz in fact he came in in about the year 1462 he was the official RV in padwa for 47 years incredibly in 1508 he was nft at 103 years old which is um in the 16th century for someone to live such a long lifespan one of the alltime great G was theit yit not related to yit here stands for S and he wrote a saer in manba the year of the Spanish Inquisition the name of the saer is theit's son who lived in pad he writes that he remembers when he was a boy rabud came here and R said how often do you make once every 28 years RAB hudin was already over a hundred years old when he made Bas HUD was n they closed all the stores here in padwa for two days in uh Defence Sim as we mentioned the barel and him were ni 5 days apart one of the most important commentaries ever written on Rashi was reel Miss writes in his I contemplated greatly the words of someone like we could say his light is so powerful maybe that's why the sun is shining so strongly here it's not possible for the human eye to see him to to gaze at him if somebody would even attempt to gaze at I think this was the strongest the sun has been since uh we've been here in Italy that thei says about him that anyone who would try to look at him it's like looking in the sun now one of the great Rabon pad in the 19th century gundi he wrote one of the first works of history about all the who lived here in in padwa and in Italy he says about marim Min that aside from his Godless entire he's the God he was also a great philosopher and you may be surprised that there's a very prestigious University here in pada says rud was the professor of philosophy here in the University of padwa most of the Christians were his student now rev dein was succeeded by his son RAB aamin RAB ain's daughter married maram padwa and R katenen after Min died almost all of his writings were destroyed his grandson found 16 of his Chu and in the mar padwa published the chu of marim Min in a saer called so he was 103 years old at the time that passed away at 71 here in padwa in the year kasar we we lost these two great luminaries and okay good afternoon everyone there's a big claw when it comes to Kar not every piece of information about the godal do you say at the Kev in fact some of the the most interesting material we reserve dka not at the and with that introduction I want to tell you a little bit about the son of rabud min ra the father-in-law of Mahar mayor Katan Yak who we mentioned the whose yard side is today yeah the the says is not a reliable saer but we'll quote from it nevertheless he brings down that RAB Min got embroiled in a h controversy with rakov palak rakov palak was the one who invented ppol pull is sort of intellectual acrobatics not the pull that we have today which is more based on uh firm principles that the rim set forth this was just mental gymnastics just for the sake of sharpening liod it was a Hala controversy that took on a life of its own there were two Jews in bolognia where we're going to go later and more than 100 RAB him offered opinions about it RAB Min and ROV palik took up different sides okay now this was not rakov pik's first controversy with the mince family there was already a major Maus between rakov Pik and RAB hudan that I'm going to tell you about now in about the year 1490 RAB yakov's widowed mother-in-law okay you already you could tell that this is up to Big controversy okay not not just the mother the widowed mother-in-law of rakov Pak gave one of her daughters who was a katana a minor to marry to a man by the name of R David zenner a promising tamam very soon after the marriage the Mother-in-law regretted the idea first of all R David was much greater was much older than her and as everybody knows the uh famous statement of kazal no I'm just joking it's not kazal Mark Twain behind every great man stands a surprised mother-in-law yeah that's amazing you've heard that you heard that yesterday and you're still laughing wow so the mother asked him please divorce my daughter she ref he refused rakov poik says no problem we could an know the marriage through the process of mon Monon is that if you marry off a girl as a katana and it's not the father marrying her off but it's the mother or the brother she could just articulate her dis satisfaction with the marriage and you don't need a get after the analment the local rabim and the scholars they protest against rakov because number one rakov pox rebbi rabim of meberg was a recognized Authority lived more than 50 years early already said clao no longer performs meon we don't do meon anymore one of RAB yakov's biggest opponents was his own rebbi rakov margolus of norenburg he put his talet in you know we were talking about rakov margolius of norenberg put his tal rakov rakov Pik relent did not relent and he told his sister-in-law you get rid of this guy David zener you do it created a tremendous controversy Rak was put in R was consulted he censored ROV you could see in ch he advises him he says you need to go to the grave of your rebbi and ask for M comes isless student of rabaka palac and he said his rebi was right we still do me who said you can't do meon anymore so you have RAB hudin rakov margolus rakov of meberg against the r and rakov palak well there are a lot of hard feelings here rakov poik decided he left Prague he comes to his native Poland he becomes the chief Rabbi of Cal and he gets to Cal and he becomes comes embroiled in a with r and the writes that he heard that both of these gum RAB akov palak and RAB Min both passed away on the very same day okay that's RAB AB Min now if you thought that was a story I was just warming you up to one of the oldtime great I'm not even going to call it a legend because there's a there the source of this story is an individual who didn't say stories you know someone who says stories for a living you know you know how it is but this is you wouldn't believe the source of the story here we go after maram Padma passed away the re the leading R in Venice was who his son Shu Yehuda katol andan name hasik sh Yehuda had a son Sha Sha it's even hard to believe this became the king of Poland you hear this so you have RAB hamans rabans [Music] Paden but his son sha became the king of Poland how did the son of the godar become the king of Poland well here we go this sha had an itch for travel he was very talented and the Minas all the Nobles would go and would gather on a specific day and when the king of Poland died the rule was you needed to appoint a king that day the law in Poland everybody knows it's a poish law you can't go a day in Poland without a king and the day was theia was coming and they don't have a king so they decided for one day to appoint W the son of SCH Yehuda Alan as the king of Poland for the day the word w some conjecture means the elected one W had at his disposal all of The Chronicles and documents of Poland he had the Royal archives he inscribed many laws for the welfare of the Jewish people in Poland here is one anyone who murders a Jew would suffer the death penalty no Ransom was to be allowed a life for a life the next day the Nobles agreed on a candidate but at least for one day sha wall was the king of Poland how did the son of the rabbi of Venice become the king of Poland here's how it happened sha wall had a travelage and he booked from padwa and he began journeying from country to Country he ends up in all places where does every good Yeshiva bakar end up in brisk he was in brisk before brisk was brisk he was the first brisker he matters he marries the daughter of R David drer at the same time Prince razel was second in rank to the king when the richest Nobles in the region he also has a desire to travel and the the no would travel from country to Country he would they would like to study various cultures and he goes broke he's embarrassed to reveal his identity so he decides to reveal his identity to the local Rabbi and he asked for a loan who did he come to shik the rabbi of Venice whenever you're in debt it's well known you go to Venice okay that's just a personal recommendation if you're in debt you go to Venice so Prince Radell gets a loan from shik Yehuda katelen Bogen the prince turns to the r of Venice and he says aside from my financial obligation is there anything I could do for you he said yeah when you go back to Poland I have a kid in brisk take care of my son in brisk fine the prince takes down the name and address he returns safely he inquires after sha W he summons him he is blown away by Sha's Wall's Charisma Talent he gave him many many favors and this is the background however listen to the story there's a family in padwa who are abam in London and they have a tradition of the following story that's so this sha wall who was ultimately appointed the king of of this is our stop yeah yeah this is our stop I think we're going to have to uh pause I know I know you're waiting on baited breath but I'm sorry we're going to have to pause right here and we're going to come right back after a message from our sponsor okay to back to sha wall king of Poland for the day so after his day in the Sun the next king of Poland he really appreciates sh while he really liked him and he said you know I have a beautiful daughter and you have a very talented handsome son why why don't we be M them the son of the former king of Poland sha W son to the daughter of the current king of Poland so sh gu didn't quite know what how to answer him he says I don't know let me let me discuss it with my son so his son didn't know what to do the son went for a walk and then he had a great idea he went into the Jewish hospital he went to the bed of a woman who is a zaka with Alam every possible zaka uh every possible and she's also a go to tap it off I mean she was Mish perfect and she was about to die and he says to her would you like to marry me for a few moments before you go she said yeah sure he says and he runs back to his father and he says look I'd love to marry the daughter of the king of Poland but I'm already spoken for and all of a sudden the kala who was much older than him and a and a started having AA [Music] and unfortunately she didn't die so he comes to her he says you know you're a nice lady I appreciate the service but I'm going to have to give you a get she said why what's wrong with me he says you know I want to have children he said no what what's the problem you're you're old no so what what what's what what's the nafina and they brought the shilot to the Rama and theama says to him why do you want to give this nice lady a get he says uh I want to have children she says no problem I'll give you children she says I could have children for another couple of years he says uh I want to have a lot of children she says fine I'll give you five children he said no uh uh I want to have 10 children dama says she could have twins each time this woman had five sets of twins and they stayed married and her name was Frankle and that's where the name tumim Frankl comes from tumim Frankl the came from this family from this woman who the gave a to who said over the story Ron Steinman if he wasn't the one who said it who could have believed such a story so there there you have it rabud aamad Yehuda katenen sha W and his son who ultimately married the woman in the hospital from which came five sets of twins and ultimately to Franco you heard it here in Italy air tours 2024 welcome everyone thank you Rebecca for taking us to the lunti house RAB lunti was one of the greatest rabbis ever to live in Italy he was born in 1679 the lampronti family came from Turkey from Istanbul and Rit LTI as a young child was somewhat of a Wonder child so his father paid for private education for him at the age of six years old already but then his father passed away and his mother continued his education R is responsible for one of the most astounding Works ever written it's called now the name is familiar to to everybody because everybody knows P from rutner this was the first it's literally the name so to speak bespeaks the feeling you have when you look at it it instills in you that a human being was capable of writing the largest and encyclopedic work ever written on toml B the largest encyclopedia ever written on the gar the talks about he says he was a RAV he was a doctor he was the abin of Ferrara and the talks about the development of it was not printed all at once so I have over here a record of the way the was printed in 1750 number one on the letters Al and B so just imagine Al you know then 3 years later 1753 B gimmel and doid 1796 after his P hey through 1798 through y 18113 the rest of yud not until 130 years after his demise was the whole compiled now the wrote extensively to his RB we didn't have a chance to speak about him one of the chief R you should remember the name also met the ram okay soti testifies that we mentioned this by the uh the M where the ram was put in in Venice he saw the ramal with his own eyes write an entire page they many many amazing shilas brought by Rus LTI and he was uh one of the greatest individuals in Italy andu we don't know exactly where he's buried in Ferrar and the B but this is the LTI house and uh we're going to continue to spend time I'm here okay thank you that's okay so uh we're here in the cemetery in Ferrara tradition has it that there are a number of sadik buried here first who is a rabbi in Ferrara the r of Ferrara we were in his house we were on his street but the Mak of his C is not known you also have rakov Talon who's buried in the cemetery r a and ROV Danielo who are buried here and we're going to say one capital ofm and you remember that you were here in Ferrara and I'm sure some of these names will come up and there's Megan okay okay good late afternoon everyone sh we're on our way to chento and it's really a remarkable privilege to be headed to chento where we're going to visit the C of one of the all-time great MIM the great sikim say about the Mishu that he's the final word on cabala what the r did to the tanuel Kiki did to the writings of the ramb to the writings of the Aral so something is only as good as the preparation you put into it I want to share with you some choice from R manueli before we go to the Ruel Kiki wrote AER on M called H aser the wealth of the wealthy man H aser by the way first he had a mind to call it anos a more humble name and an incident happened he was leaving is he comes to and he was hijacked by Pirates and they took all his belongings and he attributed it to the fact that he gave such a somewhat demeaning name to his sa calling it wanting to call it anos and he changed the name to okay so start with number one asks Manuel Kiki why does begin with says an idea that's brought in many says this in brings this in the name of the abz of luin the saer IM y brings in the name of his grandfather the kar in the name of of kaminka and last but not least this idea is also brought in the that the reason why sh begins with is because of bar mitzvah boy upon turning 13 years old the very first Mitzvah he becomes obligated in is but Ruel Kiki adds a very beautiful detail why does the Mish say why is dependent on truma what is the connection between truma and krishma says uel Kiki the connection is that truma is Rous truma is the beginning the very first likewise says uel Kiki K is the first Mitzvah that AZ becomes in by the way it's interesting wrote a saer called mved mved and in the back of the they published the the that gave at his own Mitzvah and deals with a question that the in deals with by the way uh if you want to join us for upcoming trip we'll be visiting the Kev of the Sha the sh the Shak wants to know Japan yeah it's near Japan it's more in uh it's the Shak wants to know let's say Bar Mitzvah boy is born at uh let's say he was born 10:00 a.m. when does he become Bar Mitzvah does he become Bar Mitzvah 13 years old at 10: a.m. or already the night before he becomes Bar Mitzvah it has to be the mitzah becomes Mitzvah and the night irrespective of when he was born why because if the whole reason why begins is because that's the first mitah well that's only his first Mitzvah if he was born in the night time but what if he was born during the day it must be respective of when a boy is born his ver Mitzvah will always be in the night time and so concurs the and that this is the in likewise andar also writes that you could rely on this even for okay Mel toyra ASU K why why not say says they're 50 Gates of wisdom they're all given to except for one so therefore it doesn't say but Shel see when I speak I require even all the tourah guides to listen okay yeah thank you so I'm saying over uiui says that's why it says not and finally as why is he says very simply to you can learn on your own you could have it on your own you need a you need a you need a giver you need a recipient therefore the T uses from ru will at his okay we're here inent at the of one of the alltime great makalum ranuel Kai Ricki who lived from 1688 to 1743 he was born in ferar he was these par we spoke on the bus on Mish but his he is acclaimed for writing the Mish as the Borstein mentioned M what the r did to the T in his magn the did to the writings of the the great consider the final word on writes in says by the way also writes who is known as the says that his name is the because it's a miss now how did he Elevate himself to become such a great M well he himself addresses this question he says he paid a visit to the city ofas and inas he was first exposed to the writings of the Aral says the M none other than the Aral himself assisted him in writing the work how is that possible says on the of the I prayed and I begged in the of should watch over me to help me understand his teachings the soul of the assisted me in writing the writesel he says that 22 years the fasted 22 years the Miss fasted during the week so he wrote a summary a kit of the Mish which he said is the of the Mish he called it so I just want to give you a little bit of a glimpse you see over here on the cover that Rafal Emmanuel Ki just to give you a little bit of a flavor for his personality he says I'm going to translate why do you you probably wonder why am I always quoting ILO hanavi in my in my uh dros you know why I always quotei is so that I should be when I call out to him that he should illuminate my soul in the secrets of the tah after hasem showed me in the year I wrote the and I asked explain to me the and said would you like to see and I said yes and then I woke up and on that year I was to see this the that the sfus brought back to life and he is none other than mhia Ben now to get a full picture of the personality of the M you got you got to hear this m wrote A Commentary onim called says what's the last word of who knows the last word of halela what's the first word ofh what's the gach of the word halela 86 plus the AL of the first he says if you take Hala plus the ALF it's the same gatria as Yehuda Ben Bava okay which is a remes to David who comes from sh Yehuda and toim is the Gateway to enter the Shay why ISU Kiki saying that toim is a remes to Yuda so if you look in the last page of the there's a eulogy written by R Emmanuel's son about RAB Emmanuel son um uh who wrote A Hesed for his father and he a his son recorded uh that he said his father father would record his dreams and his father writes that it was either a or El and he says I don't remember clearly when it was it was in the year t k 1740 3 years before his P ranuel had a dream and he saw himself being killed AEM and then in the end of LOL he had another dream and they told him that his son had the Nish of one of the tan and at that point Emmanuel said I wanted to ask once you're letting me know who my son is who am I and he was about to ask the question and shamayim told him you don't ask that question you're yud three years later he was planning on returning to Israel at the age of 55 he was attacked by four Hooligans they slaughtered him and they killed him like he saw in his dream and he died ales Hashem and he was not found by the people in this city he was found by the community of Modena 6 days after his death and they brought him to burial over here in chento and even though it was six days his body was complete and the one who codified all the writings of the AR okay it's a great privilege we're here outside of the city of chento we're in pevo dento near bolognia near Cento where the sperno is laid to rest the sfno was born in Cina Italy and he was a scholar in Rome for 30 years the sparno is best known for his commentary on the Kish but he also wrote A Commentary toim per and amazingly he dedicated his commentary to shim andas to King Henry II of France he wrote a philosophical work arim which he translated into Latin and he sent it to King Henry he was well versed in many disciplines he attended University studied math philosophy medicine and received his degree in 1501 but what many are not familiar with is the sperno was also a very noted look in sh Mahar in Chua where thisno has a chuva and I want to share with you one amazing chuva that the Sno has regarding here in Italy there was a controversy there was a Cen who is married for years to a woman and some lady started to tumult that the wife of the Coen was a grusa what happened what happened was there was a boy and a girl who were engaged and as they were about to get married the girl got wind that the boy was a mid he was a big and there was a big controversy and the boy insisted on getting married and the girl's family refused so to settle matters they insisted the boy give the girl a get what do you mean give a get they were married yeah but they didn't want to have her have anything to do with him so the girl's family forced the guy to give her a get even though they were never married now the problem is she went ahead and she married a Kain so is she AA so you say well she's not a GHA they were married but tell us the M Sayes get in not only is a to Mar but any woman who has a cannot marry a the question is does this woman have a look in the of the where Theos says this is not a by the way he identifies the man his name was Rafal Cohen a is when a boy and girl are married and there's a but if they were never married to begin with it does not have the status of and she was permitted to stay with her husband I'm just bringing up this um to show this sperno is not only a commentary on the but the sperno is also a noted po by the way the sperno laments the fact okay so we're going we're gonna we're going to hold it over here good morning we're here in bolog bologo is the city of the safo we're we're here in the city of the Sarno amazing observation of says you know we have the Mitzvah of eating only ker food so Theos bothered until they didn't have to eat ker food what happened to parmin all of a sudden at they didn't have to eater food so says when gave the T to is there was no to make the Mish the reason there was no to make the Mish is because the would be on every single Jew by now says I'm not going to dwell on you anymore now you need to make a mish and says besides making a mish I'm only going to dwell on the mishan if you have the extra Aid of eating ker food so eating ker food was only a after before the learns there was no to eat food says before didn't need a mish he was going to dwell on every single Jew and says it's going to be the same way so writes that we say ma why is ma what's ma what's the significance of a fish every other animal in the world has a neck a neck is a medium a go between connects the to the go needs connects of a dog is a head and aof without any without any go between writes we're gonna be like a Doug we're not going to need a b to connect to hem Hashem is going to dwell on every single y so we could say like this the gar says what does one thing have to do with the other just because we diminish joy in so to we increase joy in if you need to increase joy in increase joy in irrespective of what your mood is in what is the fact that just like you diminish in you increase in so it's like this just like you decrease in because we mourn the in which the we look forward to the day we're not going to need a bikash in other words in the month of we mour in the B month of we look forward to the of Doug when we're not going to need a mikdash to connect us to hem but Hashem is going to dwell in every single person this is Mu on Theo who lived right here in bologa okay good morning everyone hope everybody had a good rest and a wonderful walking tour in bolognia uh we're headed to the historic city of learno learno was a great Center of printing and learno we could say was the city of the where for the last 27 years of the life of the who by the way as y said was yesterday the spent his time in and there's a big question the was tied with his soul to the land of Israel to Earth Israel why did he spend the last years of his life in learno after all the and the which are the response of the the talks about the importance of supporting T in is the says the two most important mitz in the T are Li and living in is and if you could combine both of them there's nothing greater than supporting Tyra in is so why did live 27 years of his life outside the land of Israel well there's one Mitzvah that's greater both than learning Tyra and living in is and that is and to the his most important Endeavor was publishing and learno had two ingredients necessary to publish number one the printing press number two patrons padrinos padrinos so in Leo Theo was able to publish many of hisum According to some accounts he published more than 100um certainly more than 70 one of the most amazing that the published was the which when the arrived in learo he was in Lazaretto Lazaretto was quarantine he was there for 40 days and he did not have he did not obviously have a computer and in an act of Supernatural bio bibliographical proficiency the recorded in alphabetical order the names of all the gim who list who live before him and all theim that were written before him what exactly was the and the of the sh what do we what do we get from having Encyclopedia of all the who ever lived and all the that were ever compiled so I want to share with you briefly three great benefits of the sh I'm going to share with you very concisely number one writes in a great principal when you hear the name is it will engender greater observance of the teaches that when you say the names of G is when you say the names of it engenders kadus in a person is referring to a similar work to the called written by the author of The and writes that the toas of this saer of saying the names of G saying the names of is when you hear the word is when you say when you say Rao when you say when you say it elevates you so here the records thousands of is it engenders kadha in a person the malum wrote A has to one of the early editions of the sh and the malum tells us about uh a man who was famished who was hungry who was worn who was tired and he encounters an orchard and after resting and enjoying the orchard the person asks who's my benefactor who planted this Orchard who created this environment and he's dismayed to learn that nobody knows the answer to that question and no one has even asked that question says the malum anybody who learns is the most basic question we have to ask is who were these people who are our benefactors who were these great men who contributed years of their life for the benefit of the Jewish people and the malum says this the answer to this question was provided by none other than the I would like to share with you an original offering one of the benefits perhaps of uh the sh another idea if you look in quotes all the times in Chas that Rashi says I don't know look rash says I don't know I can't explain thiser and he lists all the times that Rashi inish in sh says I don't know so they ask what's doing he's trying to demonstrate how much Rashi didn't know why is he Gathering all the times Rashi says I don't know and furthermore they asked did not list all the times that Rashi said he didn't know so kki said like this said it brings cover to the Tyra it brings glory to the Tyra if when you see an idea you're able to make a listing of where this idea appears in other places it's a way of showing Beauty to the T it's a way of according Grandeur to the T if you see the gamar says and then you could say that's in that's in K that's in if if thear says a CL and you could demonstrate what do you get from cross reference saysi it's a way of making it's a way of glorifying the why were so perhaps by counting and listing all the and all the is it's a way of showing to the and to the and to and this is a way of demonstrating the glory and the beauty of the T I want to share with you some Choice offerings that the records in the sh for a more full treatment of this subject please go to Torah any time. where you could hear many many examples of of but in honor of this trip I'm going to share with you just a few Choice ones as we head to the city of lerno I'm going to begin by mentioning uh a tidbit that I never mentioned before in the entry to the sh maybe you want to come join usem upcoming trip L time we're going to be going to the city of Warsaw s kutna we're going to spend chabus in CAU we're going to be at the ra on his yard side and then we're going to go to the sh the sh how was the Shak able to find so many Mar without a computer says actually come to think of that you could ask that question of a lot of you could ask that of the said says the sh had a special shame you know there many types of Shame ice I don't know if you know there's a shame of that not every bus driver has you know but by the way I could tell you what the shame of is the B says the shame of is hey Alf hey maybe just saying that we'll get there a little quickly you could check you know it's that if you invoke that P the trip will be at least 1 millisecond shorter anyway the says that the sh had a special shame a shame of finding Mar that's how the Shak was able to find so many references okay a few very important says was written by none other than maram Rutenberg maram Rutenberg is the editor the chief editor of to Muma okay A little trivia question we have tumas we have Tumi and we have tum y I can't hear [Music] you was not written byel wrote onra is either or tarami but the printers to distinguish between two types of tarami they call one Tumi and one tum y this is one of my favorites the writes that he has a cabala from Anam godal who has a cabal from zakim then the times of Maran y there were three great gim who were capable of writing the sh they were RAB RAB Tek and harav each one was perfectly capable and suitable of writing the allow toite because of his exceeding humility how do we see humility in the he does not disparage the ones that he argues with okay this is very important to know says Rashi and he wrote three editions we are in possession of the Third Edition of Rashi moreover says he has a tradition that Rashi fasted 613 fasts in order that he should be able to write Al in fact R said what Rashi did on I could could replicate but what Rashi did alra nobody could replicate it's very interesting the says Rashi on the Riff is not rashi on is not rashi rashi on medish Raba is also not Rashi now I want to share with you one final idea about the shum that the shum writes about rakov Ki rakov Kuli is that name sound familiar to you rakov Kuli he's the author of the May rabak of Kuli also was one of the all-time great ldim he put together the ezim of maharam Ben kiv he also put together and edited to that without the editing of rakov Ki would not be readable the m and the if not for the editing of Rak K these would not be usable andov K one of the great alltime edited and sifted through the the r as well as theim are you familiar with the sa from parim is one of the earliest of L on the on thees theim is one of the first written it's one of the first of its genre where to take lha principles and apply it to thees it was a lot of the chapters in were not organized and without the Mish without rakov Kuli would not be usable but then rakov Kuli went ahead and he wrote a book in ladina rakov Kuli Ro of saer mayam loes and it's a safer of midrashim it's somewhat light material you may say and many wondered why did rabak Kuli write a saer so to speak for the multitude when he could have written a saer on a much higher level and it's amazing that if you look in the of the says it should not be beneath anybody's dignity to bring the Tyra in as many venues and forums and languages as possible because no one less thanu took and he translated the Torah says rash so who is a greater rebi thanu andu himself was M the to in every possible fashion says the motivation of rakov Ki Wasim he did this he could have written of the highest caliber but he did this laim and the then says something that he doesn't say about any of the G that he mentions in the shame what does the say about fortunate is and fortunate is his and we could likewise say about the who contributed so greatly to the literature of we say okay we're we have the great privilege to be here in learno in the ancient community and Cemetery of LNO our first stop today is the day after the K yard site Y and this is the original of you have the of which is written by his is so the was on shabas thear says who he goes what year is that 1806 on the day the passed away the came into the world now you have over here we know that of course the uh G was moved to but you have a listing of all the of number one number two I'm going to tell you something amazing many of the of their names are parts of the body to okay the ey like also the knees you have of course mid you have the face the neck wrote at least five the stomach the finger the nail and the LA D after the Holocaust my grandfather glass he published the first farm for the survivors the first safer published the LA of the okay here we says pit man he was a and from Al and he came to live in LNO and he was from the B of the and he gave a to the and he even published the commentary on the he passed away in in 1804 shortly after the the end of 1803 shortly after the okay let's see it's that there's so many old time here this is the it's it's boggles mind who wrote one of the most classicum ever written on the ramb the sh sh is learned in all the yes it's ped over and he's from the ismir he was from Istanbul and uh he he came here to LNO and this is where he passed away T Lal 74 so he writes in his hakama sometimes a person is married for a long time and the husband and wife look at each other they don't always May necessarily look as beautiful as the Y it happens sometimes you could be married let's say for 190 years or let's say somebody's very old and they look at the kala she may not look the same as in the wedding pictures but the feeling should always be of the you have that it should be that's okay this is a of he was born somewhere between 1695 and 1700 he lived till 1772 he was the Tam muak of rsf araz RAB araz he wrote one of the most eminent Works ever written on CH Yad says about him he wrote y Mali from there we see his great BOS and there was a an amazing go who traveled through LNO the basud on and he was so impressed with Yi that he published seven Chas of the in theer says anyone who knows the answers after him he's holy and he's a Mal this is a plan words Mal was his name Mal is he knew the and he wrote many many pages about the greatness of his reab J araz is the foundation of cabala should help us find his cover here now passed away at a young age at 45 years old he left his to his tal who raised him to be great rabim he left all his writings to thei to publish thei publishes the writings of R araz namely theim the shim was published in 7 1936 by the is the foundation of Caba he then publishes was from the great one from the great moreover he was a andii says says he saw the the Y and from his we learn the style of writing and the cabalistic secrets of the I want to share with you uh a subject that that um thei writes about in his CL has sometimes the gamar will ask a question on RAV from a mishna Ora and the gar will answer ra how about says even though the usually doesn't answer there are for example the who says that we could apply this to and we see the great humility of the his name was he would often write play on words the poor one but his greatness in Tyra was such that in his hak to one of the editions of he says his power and was wondrous we're talking about even in anyone who sees the saer would be astounded how the living lion was able to extract him himself from the thicket of the plexities of and organize it so this is really one of the alltime great works someone who the actually Isel about his with great okay this is a very eminent this is the nunus or nunus vice the author of The who is nter on a Tuesday the second day of now he wrote on three but only Ona were published and at the end of you have a little bit of a of the B and he was shakle vori with his brother-in-law his brother-in-law is referred to here cuz his brother-in-law was the Zar Ms Zs the nephew of the Zars is next to author of and one of the great eminent G of learno we were in Morocco not so long ago we were in the city of tetuan this was so you see many of these here they came from alers they came from other areas they were Shad Shad is they came here to collect money for the various communities he was nft on a Thursday the 15th of this is one of the most eminent m in all of Italy the k y benuel Aras Aras also hisan s uel the author ofun in cabala Ina n in tadi he was nter in the year tadi 1730 he was born in 1685 so he passed away at about 48 years old and he passed away as a young man as we as we mentioned R araz gave over his to the Y he gave over his writings the SH now at age 18 years old in 1708 he wrote something called PR PRM are and at that age at that time he was only about 18 years old after filling himself in after he went to learn Caba from one of the most eminent M of the time R the r who lived in Rio he learned cabala from the RAB for seven weeks that's how he mastered the cabala the and the were published by by the but it's to mention thatas was also one of the most outspoken vehement voices against the shap he wrote two works that are not referenced here also which were published in London and he spoke outly against he calls him and especially who has and this is part of the Godless of if you remember we quoted where the said not to have a beard but in says this was my issue with people who they dabble in cabala and as soon as they think they know a little bit they start extrapolating that if they don't have a clear understanding of the fundamental principles they're in danger of distorting the accuracy of the meaning of cabala so he's considered from the foundation of cabala and the V Fighters against those who distort the uh the realm of cabala Z yo it's a tremendous to be at the of who's born his father and mother in s 1905 in Ria in Italy and he says about his life he describes his life in one of his D that most of his life he learned from very difficult David kin Aldi was an expert in many disciplines like we see in the introduction to his renowned sa Bas our friend raniel y Raa mentioned that he was once by when was writing the and one of the CH was too long and they had to take out some of the so it was suggested maybe they take out something from the B and and said no we can't take out from the B Coral we can't take out from him the author of the B but there we see that he was an expert in Geometry where he brings in the different princip of geometry that are needed to understand the mishna it's interesting when we were in Venice we spoke about Pacifico was the chief opponent of the ram well Aldi was the son-in-law ofci the author of sh sh amazingly in Rio there was a big controversy and regarding how to write the word sh and coral saw that the Surah of the was written in Shalom was written whole and it was not written as AA the way it's supposed to be written and he passel most of the that were in Rio at the time and a great controversy erupted it made its way to Venice and finally the matter was decided about 10 years later from of Amsterdam who pasin not like the B and he pass that the that has a are now the includes on including from and the it had many of the in Italy Poland Germany some of the based of it are printed in the commentary on the mishna there were those who challenged theer based of it and coming to its defense was L the B who wrote a letter defending the work of the base David he wrote a special uh letter of in the as mentioned regarding the writing of the in 1744 the B wrote regarding the proper writing of the served as inest and at the end of his life in Leo he wrote on some of them are even brought in the of the now what's very interesting is that we don't know exactly the in 1775 but we attribute his P to why because that's the day that rear of K the azdin of the ashkenazic community of Amsterdam wrote his Hask to the saer B so that's the day that we commemorate the life of the bid on 1775 okay everyone we're at the uh K it's really amazing of the description of this he was one of the three rabam who eulogized the in at his l in lerno in 1806 you see that the greatness of these rabim it was considered a great Prestige or badge of honor that they were mased you see the beautiful said and it's a great to be in Leo at the of the son of who's a student of the who is in t k Sadi that's 1830 and we don't know the day of his it was established to be the second of says he left over and other well he wrote quite a few he wrote which is many topics on the ra he has a in the that what if one is frightened that if one does not embarrass their friend barab him they will be killed is one to be killed not to embarrass so he says no one is not to be killed but one is allowed to uh be killed he wrote which are and on the mid of he was born inav in Aleppo to his father RAB and he also learned by rabuda katsin he married Leia and he had three daughters two of them died in the life of their mother who is nft from a difficult MLA the third one who remained was nft um after the mother after a short while and then he married sabaa the daughter of the and he had many children many sons and daughters was uh lay ill from a the year T 1791 1792 and for six months he was uh close to uh he was tied to his bed and uh he lost one of his sons during that M now in TK p in the year 1822 he lost his son MOA in an earthquake now it's amazing we have a correspondence with him and the so look in we have a from to Nowa um came to learno it was a trip that took seven years to come from ale to lorno and in his trip he traveled through AR is he visited and Taria he went through MIM and from there to learno he stayed in learno for five years waiting for the publication of his far and is buried here in learno very interestingly R writes in his saer the that talks about one who learns and does to someone who just learns alone the tells us in the name of how do we know that someone who has a son who that one is full of on the son the P says says I only know the father flesh and blood has Mercy on his son how do we know even on this person therefore the ends says it is known that it's not comparable one who learns and does to someone who just learns T like we find in many places in ch that the the Mila of someone who learns and is far superior this is what raun means how do we know that someone who has a son who meaning only doesn't have how do we know that one is because even though the son is not fully deserving of this because he's not that's the therefore the continues but maybe only the father of flesh and blood has Mercy but maybe who is not pleased with such a person because and therefore even will be on such a person writes page it was published in Leo in 1820 one so it was pointed out this may be the K of the r who's uh the earliest of all the raban that we've been to so far RAB y Amigo and he was on if you know about Jewish history Damas is very important date I can't get into right now now his chuvas are mentioned in the the mahaj Mahal and he was in the generation ofo B Doo cousin of thank you of rabo n in sh 1611 okay we could definitely say we're at an awesome place so he came all the way from tal V you hear this he was the tal of he wrote a saer to me it's one of the most astounding saers the B very much encouraged learning the saer Tas Tas is a cabalistic commentary on and I'm going to share with you something that he says that's one of the most amazing things you'll ever hear we're going to start with writes in the the the great light that is contained in Mill is the light in the m is practically greater than the light in the in the Torah itself how can we say such a thing how could the Miguel sester be greater than the t itself look in the says and we come to hear the says the Met tells us there's certain things in this world that are a May of the real thing the med says a like a semblance sleep is a May of is a of the man is of no is a May of the wisdom on high the wisd high so what's the what's the wisdom on high comes the T the is that the is only May that's the for mikra because m greater than the Tyra that's the Tas says he saw that the Tas also wrote on y doesn't seem like we have it he it seems he also published says he sawas M I would love to get the sa R MD R says he was m the kav of he went up to sh in Leo he was also okay I remember the last time I was here the name of this sadic and I couldn't verify whether he was in Leo but here he is rabud actually in he spelled you hear who is he he's a t of he learned by him in Egypt and he's mentioned in the get P of then he comes to LNO and he's the rebi of the padash he's the rebi of the padash rebud SAR so he's in Egypt in 1660 he comes to lorno in 1673 and in b Sim Al we have a cha from him to V the son of so says about him these are okay we'll say well okay we're at theat corat passway Adar you want to you want to say okay we're at the K of re lost his parents at a very young age at age four years old says he was born in the so you see the indications are on the letters gim 1823 and and he passed away in 1900 so in the year ater is uh 1900 and the he is for the he Alim Daniel pointed out reel yahu was one of the most well- read uh in terms of not only from the Corpus of traditional material but also he was well read in all available literature which he used to defend traditional Jewish values on the tah he even wrote a work defending the cabala from schlomo David uh lato um and he was one of the most eminent Scholars here in Italy and we're going to say a cap here okay welcome everyone to the great schul in learno learno has another name is known as Leghorn leorn Leo we have over here hash that they pray for all the rabbis the great rabim who lived in Leo here are the rabim some of them we've been at their Emmanuel R RAF we haveg on the list we have on the list Vice we haveen amog so many of the RAB that we visited today they're on the list of the hash now this is the arones of L the author of what's interesting is I just read we were in the semetery in Ferrara we were searching for his grave There Is No Grave for abam prti it's the reason we didn't find it is because they never made a for the pope did not allow them to make any Matos and any ones that were up already they had to destroy so it's not that we didn't so far we're bat a thousand it's not that we didn't find it it never existed however should he brings that if you want to go to someone's and you're not able to go to their mat their words their safer is mat perhaps he had such a Monumental safer that the safer is the biggest Mata ever it's the biggest safer ever written no mat is needed his safer is so all-encompassing he doesn't need a mat SAA if there's anyone in history who doesn't need a Mata it's but I want to share something very interesting because this was such an eminent work he traveled for two years Gathering as many H as possible for the saer in the to the from throughout the whole country of Italy one of the H gumel he has is from the Y Mali whose cover we were just at and this is the beautiful Aron okay okay we're leaving the city of lavaro leghorn if you noticed in the Sho that we went to there were a number of pictures downstairs you had a beautiful painting of the there's also a picture of one of the Great princes who was born in leavo a outstanding personality he was born in Leo on the fourth day of kesan in the year T me 17 84 he lived till 1885 sir Moses monri is a yid learno Leo in fact the Jews of Italy minted a special coin a medall in his honor to give honor to the prince who was born in learno on one side you have a picture of his head around him the title that says and on the other side it said Moses T this was 100 years after the birth of Moses MRI what's amazing is his grandfather settled in London in the 18th century his grandfather had 18 children Moses m Fury's grandfather 18 children one of them was yahu y was the father of Moses m furri who had a burning love for he made seven historic trips to the Holy Land the record of his trips is the a very important an element of the historic account of the early days ofel he founded the first settlements outside the the walls of us y mosha many of the neighborhoods were named after him and he spent a lot of his personal Fortune to build up AR isal in the 19th century um he has many notable accomplishments one of them was he saved the life of the malbim and possibly most notably in the year T 18 40 he fought valiantly to protect the Jews of Damascus from the blood liel and in honor of his heroic acts Rim fagi wrote a saer in his honor about the Mitzvah of sasi named the safer after sir Moses Mony one of his initiatives to bring parosa to the Jews in is which was not successful was to build a great windmill which never really worked because where it was situated and uh the the quality of the Grain in Israel as opposed to elsewhere but sir Moses mon Fury is uh a great prince in CLA isal and he is responsible for really building up ER isal in the the last Millennia he was a yid learo how could we not mention him uh leaving this city thank you very much okay just a final concluding remark we want to thank rovski who's hosting us uh in our sudo this evening thank you very much for your hospitality and and you should have continued thank you RAB Bornstein who hosted us last night and it was a very special trip first it was a great pleasure to spend time with aari with my father it's always a special to be together with my father he has to say that um and it was really uh very heartening to be together with a very group you know on many of the tours the people who go on the tour are generally people who could afford to go on the Tour on our tours the people that come are the people who want to connect with sikim most people are uh when they want to go on vacation their idea of vacation is not to take a long a ROV and not to go to cemeteries those are the two main ingredients of what not to do on a vacation so already by definition if you're spending what it takes to to join us it's a very high uh caliber crowd many of the s you're already familiar with you learned their and it's for me to be together with you at these I want to share with you two brief thoughts we know when it comes to we say which means when it comes to learning nothing comes easy it's impossible there's no such thing as an easy gamar and a hard gamar if you want to know something well you have to you have to apply yourself you have to work hard otherwise there's no way to master it and when we visit kikim it's not just a matter of people have and they're going to DAV and it's a way of having your answered certainly that's part of our kav for going but perhaps on a higher level we spend so much of our Lives learning the to of these sikim but if we're able to learn about their past and their history and their lives and the Swarm they wrote it deepens our connection with them and it will Elevate our level of learning and therefore the same way when it comes to Tamra it's y you only be successful you work hard to get to these you also need you also need any Kev that you could just you know call a taxi and the taxi comes right away and he takes you to the cemetery and you turn the key and you walk right to the C no Al Al the only way this coulden happen is the taxi is delayed and you get there the Sher is not there and you have to knock on the door and the guy with the key doesn't want to come and you have to bribe him and when he says no you have to bribe him more and then he comes and nobody knows where the cover is and you have to have 25 people Scout it out and then you find it and then you're then you D in there and you connect with thead then how many times did we get places and we had to locate the sh or we had to find the Kev But ultimately all of the destinations that were on our bucket list we were able to get to because we put in the work and despite all the hurdles we were able to uh reach the great sikim and our connection to should should deepen should be much greater and all of our should be I I want to thank Rioni Myers who put his heart and soul into making sure that everything ran as well as it possibly could uh he did everything with Grace and with mid andos and uh we really appreciated you joining us and you leading the trip and Hashem should bless you and your wife with ra we want to thank who also The Mastermind behind organizing everything so kudos to AI thank you very much I want to thank RN weldler who is mish Mo nees Mish she Mish Mo nees to uh to video all the presentations and uh for all of his help beem he's uh we hope to see him back back in Action as soon as possible thank you R shov my long time neighbor and friend thank you for stepping in and uh without missing a be thank you very much one last idea we visited these sikim now this is just my own personal um prediction let's say when we went to France last we went to the Kev the riak the next day I come back I gave M BR here every day 9:00 a.m. we we're learning Kipper M bru says the we learn M says the wor extra long the next day I'm not learning AIS I'm learning Mish when does Mish qu theak the next day I came back we have just at theak we were at the M next time I gave Shear I'm looking for a topic I'm looking for a topic I'm looking for a topic mug giam I never gave sh before I could tell you many many stories but my my prediction is we visited dozens of sikim but once you visit them I guarantee you they will be visiting you you'll see as soon as you get home you're going to encounter wherever you go these these names reuel Kiki The Rao ra the Mish the the what all the the you visited them you were you went to be them they should be M us and they should be M for us and we're all that all of our on this trip for whatever everyone's daving for for for yesu for Zim for shim for thank you everyone okay we're about to go to the bus just while we're taking off the I want to share with you that even though the was nevertheless the says that not all Jews were endangered by ham only as ham wanted to K was not the brings this in many places that the were not in accordingly it comes out rather e Eerie that we know that the in the last generation in the Holocaust also was predominantly although it was on all of clro predominantly it was on more than so that was a parallel according to the that we see in our own times from the of H and you can look in the where this is expanded further good morning everyone bonjourno this has been a really exhilarating trip for me and perhaps by way of conclusion I would like to share with you the following presentation on the role of Italy in the history and Destiny of the Jewish people Italy is not an ordinary country it is not only a beautiful country it is not only a magnificent country Italy perhaps aside from AR Israel is the most important country in our history the Jewish community in Italy is one of the oldest communities in the diaspora going back to the miracle of Kaneka more than 2,000 years ago but now I want to take you back to the year 990 it was the time when the primary of Tyra were situated in bavel and it was the time of theim the Yas and B were under the leadership of R and R and there were a number of re and this story is recorded by RAB AB Ben David the rivid now which rivid this is known as rivid the first okay now this is important to know there were three rids in our history do you know who they were rivid the first born in Toledo Spain in the year 1110 he died a martyr's death in 1180 you have rivid II who's known as RAM of Naran R the third is ofier known as the B the rivid the first wrote a safer called saer hakaba and in the saer H cabala which is a record of the transmission of the Torah the rivid records an episode that completely alter the direction of our history forever there were four great Scholars that left the ports city of Bari Italy who are these four Scholars number one rabenu kushel who's rabu Kush Rael is the father of ran number two R the father of R number three RAR and the fourth the it says I do not know his name and they set out on a voyage to collect money for the yeshivas in actually the rivit himself says that in his opinion they set out foras kala and the waterways in those days were fraught with danger and the rivid records that actually this ship was captured by Pirates the Pirates name was ibben rahis he was a moish Spanish pirate fulfilling the wishes of the Spanish kalef the rabbis were very smart the rabbis knew that if they would reveal their identity then the Pirates would be able to command a very Hefty Ransom so they kept their identities a secret so the Pirates would not be able to extort a heavy Ransom RHA was ransomed by the Jews of Cordova under the leadership of kazai IB shaut by the way as a footnote in history rabha had a wife who was very beautiful and she caught wind of the fact that the pirate wanted to violate her so she asks her husband inesh she asks her husband if I commit suicide if I jump over the jump overboard will I have a share in the world to come and said yes indeed that if you commit suicide you will be reconstituted and Rab's wife killed herself she took her life KES Raba comes to the Yesa in Spain and they're learning the suuma Al and the leader of the community was RAB nasan and RAB was having trouble understanding the and R was able to chime in and for the probably the first time and the last time in history rabu nasan said I Ste down I am no longer the rashash and rabha became the defacto leader of Spanish jury that was in Spain rabuel was ransomed in Tunis and that began the Jewish Academy in Tunis rabuel and then his son ranel and ru's illustrious T raim So North Africa now becomes a major Torah Center of scholarship so Spain did not have a major Academy until this episode Tunis did not have a major Academy until this episode RAR was ransomed in Egypt he establishes a major Academy in Cairo now Egypt becomes a m major Torah Center thus began the era of the rim in the year 990 this episode in history is known as the story of the AR this was the to move the major Torah center from bavel to North Africa and to Europe friends where did all this Torah come from where did all the of the come from to the point where says all the Tyra of theim all the T we have today came from that episode that emanated from Italy so all the Tyra of the reim emanated from Italy let's talk about the aim Scholars have made the observation that the number of First Rate that graced the land of Italy was far out of proportion to its size and significance in the general world I mentioned I have an encyclopedia of more than 1,000 800 who lived in Italy the who the vill said reached the highest possible level of understanding of came lived in pwa the who wrote more than 70 printed in learno and Piza Mana an individual who the writes inim was what was his name Riano Riano the the great going Mara quoted by Rama one of the pillars of H and the list goes on and on and on of G who flourished here in Italy but it's more than just the who lived in Italy because as we spoke about the revolution of the printing press which disseminated Tyra in an unparalleled level in our history the first MC the first garas of Tam Cino press the Bamberg press the tour the all of our emanated from Italy and this got to be one of the greatest Myster mysteries in our history why did hash orchestrate that Ro of came from this boot from this country Italy is Rome it's the stronghold of the church Ed Christianity of all places in the world if you would ask which should be the last place that should be the the source of t for the Jewish people where said why would have it that our Tyra emanated from the country that we had the privilege to visit this week well the ways of Hashem are mysterious but perhaps we could offer the following thought you know when yov dresses up as as and he makes the Great Escape and just at that moment that he was leaving as comes in and as says to his father and realizes that he's duped and lets out a and he says Tata do you have one BR for me and Y says sorry I've got nothing left I have nothing left I already ate everything I gave everything to and as cries and he lets out tears and finally says okay here's your may all your habitation will be the fat of the land says Rashi Hashem already gave the entire world already gave the entire world to yov he ready gave Yakov Bar Park Flatbush Williamsburg Muny Five Towns Cleveland Ohio everything Lakewood uh Lake yeah yeah Lakewood he already gave him everything Queens Jamaica States holliswood Q Garden Hills Montreal even even Montreal he already gave everything Chicago what now Cedar HST is an extension of is because it's the closest city to JFK when mesiah comes the Jews of Cedarhurst will be the first to go cuz we're the closest Community to JFK anyway so already gave everything to Y but there's only one country he gives to asov and what is that zo Italia yav Italy the one land y gave to ASA is Italy it's astounding if you look at this beautiful country what we're looking at is this country is the blessing of Y all the olives and the olive oil and the wine and the cheese it's the blessing of Y know but let's ask ourselves but didn't give everything to how was he able to give Italy to asov comes the rebber of hesel the r of cracko the rebi of the Shak did I mention next trip you could join us lag we're going to no no no I'm not doing Japan um reab akba by the way reab I I noticed that he spelled his name akba with a B sound with a dog and I asked him why and he said it's because the Sher spelled it that way and other but I'll tell you the real reason because if you look in the writings of and the ramano the Riano says where does the name AKA stand from come [Music] from so it's a not AKA that's why okay I just thought I would mention that says the Reel is in a quandry he's up against the wall he gave the whole world to yov ainu what could he possibly give asov and then y had an EIN file he had a brilliant idea there's one country that he didn't give asov there's one country excuse me he didn't give yov and because that's because there was one land mass that had not been created yet and that was the country of Italy Italy was because says in chab what are the origins of Italy says the gar on the day that married Gabriel the malel descended from sh a sand Bank developed on the day thato married and on that day Rome was built many people say Rome was not built in a day no Rome was built in a day whatever the say it's it's the exact opposite when they say Rome was not built in a day Rome was the only city in the world that was ever built in a day you heard it here first a tour 2024 the gamar continues on the day you brought two golden calves one in B one in Bon a small land mass was built the Italia sh so y was racking his brain he already gave the whole world to to yaku but there's one country left that he was able to give to asov and that's because it was a country that didn't begin yet so if you were to ask on what day did the Corbin start it wasn't on the day the Romans destroyed the temple theban began on the day that SCH married Basu was a very smart man he knew that if he was going to give as of Rome that meant Christianity that meant the Crusades that meant gas that meant persecution and therefore y understood the only remedy that CL could Equip thems to last the long and bitter gas is along with Mish is also not only the land that was given to as but the toyra that came from Italy the toyra tavin the protection of Cl Isel the to of the ram of the of the printing press of the tens of thousands of sperm that were printed in this country of the hundreds of that lived in this country knew that along with along with Christianity was with the of he equipped us with all the T that came from this country and therefore gave us the protection of all the that came from Italy and just like the G began here in Rome the gar tells us in sanin where does Mia sit says the and the gates of the city which city the gamar doesn't say comes the G and the g changes the Gara the on the spot in the says awaits at the gates of Rome this is where the G began and this is where the Gus ends we still have a few more hours be hasem hopefully while we're still here we should hear coming and in the Merit of Us coming to this country to be all theim that and my humble opinion come from theu is the one who ultimately will argue to hasem to bring the Kates he's the one who prepared us for it may we all be to hear that will first emanate from the gates of Rome and ultimately will be revealed in the great city of Taria with the coming of the Bas okay friends last presentation um many were yesterday for those uh who won't have the opportunity on this trip so pay pay close attention to a few words we're going to say about the zariman and then you could Beal then the Merit of his all should we mentioned yesterday that if you can't go to the are like the so I want to share with you a few words about a great R who is mar T in Piza and in other communities his name was rim or sometimes he's referred to as the refers to him as rabu shimi and he was known for saer zarine the describes zarine as explaining wondrous passages a of who wrote and he wrote by the way this uh wrote a and the Z was also a tal of listen to this name Ru Shalom Bazil ru who was one of the most Ardent Defenders of the ram so the Z was a student of one of the Ram's great Defenders the says about Shalom actually in um the J gave this year before Rashana to the Cleveland Community via Zoom I quoted RAB AAR Shalom Bazil and actually quoted by asked a very interesting question why is it that first in Navi Masha is that is not mentioned and then later on in makes a comeback and basically R Shalom says that if a person brought to the world progeny that were did not act properly in their lifetime so even if they themselves were a sadic but they're accountable for the the Deeds of their progeny but later on in after Masha already did Chua now is allowed back and considered a righteous person that's RAB a Shalom Bazil writes about him he was a philosoph he was of listen to this said that he learned all disciplines in the course of 10 years biology chemistry physics mathematics however that he learned all disciplines in the world in 10 years but to crack Baba Basra he after many decades he feels he's only understood a semblance of talad B Because talad B is considered the most elevated sophisticated complex of all wisdoms Des was a great anov he writes in the hak he says me my worth my value is of a simpleton of a lowly person he was marit's Torah in Modina in Pisa in Sia and at the end of his life in Rio by the way he was the tal in cabala of the RAB r h who is the rebi and father-in-law of rabish sh bason who was the rebi of the ramal the zarine wrote a sa forine and the reason he wrote T shine is because in the month of a his firstborn and only son passed away and he was not to have more pry so his safare was pre his safare was his legacy and his continuity the brings down that he heard that the zariman was AI in cabales calamas is not only the intellectual discipline but the ability to effectuate new realities in the world through cabala and in the Kev of the zarine is not only the zarine but the zarine commanded that all of his writings in cabala be buried with him in his Kev so and we're already in the general area so if you're not going to be at the cover you could utilize the opportunity now and all your that you're throughout the trip at all the should answer you've just experienced another Torah class brought to you by Torah anytime.com