Beha'aloscha: The Rambam on the Lighting of the Menorah & the Novelle of the Rogotchover - Part 1

This Torah class is brought to you by tora anytime.com. Good morning, Rabosai. Welcome to the uh tremendous crowd we have here today in young Israel of Kugar Hills and around the world. Um paras. So paras begins with the mitzvah of hamra and the says dar speak to. So this would indicate that this mitzvah somehow is connected to say to him when you bring up the lights when you light the you bring up the candles opposite the face of the seven lights should burn. Now I think if you would ask most people what is the mitzvah of and how often is it? Uh I think most people would say that the mitzv of lying the manura in the b mikdash was every evening the cen the cen or we'll see could a non cayenne light the manura the ken would light the mono and how much oil would he put in how long would it have to last I think most people would say it lasted through the night and then what would he do in the morning uh maybe he would clean it out and then light it again the next evening and that in fact is the opinion of most ruinim However, the Rambam has a very unique uh take on the mitzvah of and the Rambam's opinion is what is the removal of the ash of the says any light that extinguished you remove the and you remove all the oil you wipe it out. You put in another wick and more oil by the same measurements which is a half a log for each container. And whatever you remove and you put in the place of the ash next to the altar with the ashes that have been removed from the altar the inner altar says and any lamp that extinguished you relight. Now how much oil did you put in a half a lug? How long does a half a lug last? Throughout the night. So presumably when you come in the morning it's not going to be lit. So you would assume most of the candles not all them went out. According to the Ram there is a mitzvah to relight all the nays in the morning. I it doesn't say anywhere in the that lights the in the morning. All it says we'll see in par is look at number four in par talks about the aron will be the bab every morning when he cleans out the nairo he should burn the so the only reference we have to an avoid of the in the morning is um being mate of the nairo we don't have Any reference to lighting the manura says is lighting the manura. It's not cleaning the manura or at least it also includes lighting the manura. If you found a candle that did not go out, you just fix it up. He doesn't say that. unclear, right? But uh the the Ram seems to be saying a tremendous that there's a mitzvah of not only in the evening but in the morning as well. I the says the Ram seems to say lighting is the so the Mishna on the Ram um points out that not everybody agrees to this that you light the minar in the morning. What is the translation of word? Literally uh to clean. It means to clean to make it good. But it refers to cleaning. That's how everybody grips around uh the look at number three. The Mishna says this is the opinion of the height in the morning as well. Because when it says the Ram interprets the word means. So that's a very amazing opinion of the Ram. But all the later authorities argue on the Ramb and they say that you only light the in the evening. And when the Torah says, it's not lighting it. It's just fixing it. All of this you will find in the chas of the Rajba, not like the Ram that you do not like the in the morning. And the custom goes on to explain that in his opinion rashi and the rivid and enlus all disagree with the raam and everybody holds you only light in the evening like we always assumed. So that's the unique shittita of the Rambam and we're now going to learn the chubaraj who extensively argues on the rama. I'll just uh let's skip to number six for a moment. The batanura in um quotes the raam that the would light the minor not only in the evening but in the morning as well. And the say is very wondrous and that which the learns that being mive theos is lighting it. that you would light all the candles of in the morning like you would do in the evening. It is a wondrous question in my eyes. I never heard anyone who says something like this. In other words, where in the world did the Ram get this from? That not only do you light the in the evening, but you light the in the morning as well? Never heard anything like this. Nobody agrees to such an explanation. Nobody uh Okay. So let's see the chuba raja. The the raja formally quotes the ram and disagrees with the ra. The rajba was asked how long not so long. The Rajba was a student of the Ramban. The Ramban was not so after the the Ram. I don't I would say that 100 years. Okay. So the Rajba says, let me advance an introduction about when the hatas were and when the lighting of the Naros were. In my opinion, is lighting like we say means to light. But is not lighting and removing the oils and the wicks. He found that they were extinguished and um putting the oil as its measurement. This is not like the ra who writes is the now it says the if you look in the says it's logical like the one who says like the opinion that says by the evening says it's like the one who says by the [Music] Now if you didn't like the in the evening, what cleaning is there to do in the morning. So what do we see from there? That and are two different things. They're not the same thing. And in mid says mativa and then madika. So we see it's it's two different things and this is the order. Now we're going to see even the rajbah would say that sometimes you do relight it in the morning and we'll see when that is. We'll see the raja's opinion will be that if the narravi goes out you light the narravi because it says tid by the nurmari. So the now there was a miracle that the ravi um would often and usually not extinguish it was a miracle but in because from the time of shaman sadic the narrai began to go out and uh we don't rely on miracles so therefore we'll see that thei they did not put any more oil in than any other lamp and miraculously it lit longer than the other nays but uh if it did go out before the end of the Okay. Uh they would relight it but only the and then we're going to see there were other lamps as well that even the Raj would agree they would relamp the two eastern ones but as a general rule to say like the Rambam that any lamp that went out they reit and that there's a in the morning as well as the evening then uh that would not be correct. Now does refer anywhere? No, no, we don't find their word anywhere. Okay, now here's the order. In the evening, they would light seven lamps. Like it says, they would put a half a log in each lamp. How long would a half a log last? Till the morning. Now, even on the longest nights of three and a half for the a half for each one. And we said in the garra, put in oil that should last till the morning. From here we see if you only put in oil to last till the morning then if it goes out you don't have to relight it. Right? Because if it was so if you needed to relight it, then why would you not put in oil to last you until the next day? In other words, if the was that you're supposed to that it's very important that it not go out. You have to rely if it goes out then you should then you should put enough oil to last you till the next day. It must be we we only need it to last till the morning. only is it important that it's always like it says in the in other words from which n would they light the in the evening from the and but even So they would not put more oil in the even though they needed it to light from it in the next evening. Like it says in it says the was testimony that the resides in Israel. So what was the testimony? Rava said this was a narabi that you put in oil like everything else and you would light with it and you would end with it. Is they would whatever ashes were in the receptacles they would clean out. They would wipe it out. They would remove the excess oil. They would not relight anything that went out so that at night they would right and that it should look nice in the in well that's what the wordiva means. That's the simple interpretation. Let it sit. Let them know sit there. But you want people to see it. It should look nice. It shouldn't look, you know, you look at your manure in the morning, it doesn't look well. Okay. If you found even according to the was extinguished, you would clean it out and light it for the you need. But we're discussing now a very interesting subject and that is the uh opinion of the Rambam is that when they would light the manura not only would they light it in in the evening but if in the morning they found it went out the opinion of the ra is they would relight it in the morning as well. And we said most um aim disagree I need another battery most disagree and um let's check out the right field arm. Okay. Um disagree and most say no they would not relight the minor in the morning. They would just clean it out in the morning. When the Torah says, it means to clean it out. They would only clean out one particular receptacle and that is the mari. Okay. Um, fine. The rest if they were burning, they would leave it. They would clean it out and they would put oil for the evening. Right. In other words, in the morning they already prepare it. That's the If the two eastern lamps went out, if one of them is burning, do two of them are out. Um, one of the other ones that are But I'm not concerned. Right. If one of the other ones are burning, you would light the two eastern ones from one of the other ones. Why are you out from the lights by? No, you're not having it's not called Hana. You're doing it for the itself. Why the two eastern ones? You light it from the ones that are burning. Okay. And this is not like the Rambam because in the Rambam's opinion, I believe the Rambam's opinion is you always light it from the MBA. Okay. So the let's see a little bit at night. Let's see a little further. Let's see a little further. The continues in the beginning of it says I would think they have to be lit always. So it says no it doesn't have to be lit always. It says well if it says maybe you should put it out in the morning. That's the raja. This is openly against the rabbi because the med says they they should be lit, but you can put them out. However, they do not have to always be burning. The only nar that always has to be burning, this saf says, is narovi. So this is black and white against the ram. The saf says the only light that has to be constantly burning is. So where did the ram get it from? Says the ra is relying on what it says in listen to this. You remove the oil. You remove the wick. You clean it. So you rely it. So you see it openly like the Rambam. Now that what H. So the question is answer mash. It doesn't mean you light it at the time of it's not and also it says and the fact that it says that's whatever light goes out you have to relight it not only the Naravi or the two eastern ones and the Raj says no my opinion is that it's referring to the nari or the two eastern ones but the bottom line is so we have this that uh most say you would only light the in the evening and if it goes out in the morning you just clean it out that's the simple meaning of the the uh Rajba would concede the NM Ravi does need to be relid and the two eastern ones need to be relid as well. The opinion of the Rambam is just like there's a mitzvah to light the mana in the evening. There's a mitzah to light the man in the morning as well. And the question we uh we said we have to address is the is the question. So where did the Ram get this from? What is the source of the Ram? So let's look in the first rash in this week's para. Look at number seven. The ra the rashi says the beginning of the is juxtaposed to the end of nasi. What does the end of NAS talk about? The end of NAS talks about the inauguration of the and immediately after inauguration and then what does the have to do with the inauguration of the so tell us when saw the MSB being inaugurated he felt very bad because his shvet did not participate in the inauguration of the MSB. So, Hashem said, "Don't worry. Yours is greater than theirs." But look at Rashi felt bad that he didn't participate him and theirs is greater. Yours is greater than theirs. You are lighting and cleaning the ner. If you look at how the Ramban quotes over Rashi, the Ramban quotes over Rashi. You light and clean the Nairo in the morning and evening. That implies that not only was there in the evening but there's in the morning as well because why would he say madlik and mive if anything is going on madlik the ram which by the way we don't have in any versions of rashi the rashi says but the way the raan quotes over rashi rashi saying that we found a friend for the Rambam. This version of how the Ramban quotes Rashi. Now just a thought. We know on Kaneka we light the manora in the evening but not everywhere. In some places we light in the morning. Where do we light the manor in the morning also? And sh Why are you lighting in the morning? What according to the raja that they lit the minra in the b mdnish only at night. Why in a would you light the minor in the morning? That would seem to be based on the opinion of the ram. Then the b mikdash not only do they light the minor in the evening, they light the minor in the morning as well. And the shul which is a microcosm of the ba mikdash that would seem to be following the opinion of the ram. But again, where did the ram get this from? There is a very interesting chuva in Shilas Arame who wrote Shaubas aramer none other than the Lina Romeor Shapiro the founder of Dafimi and uh he discusses a very interesting subject mysteriously there are many statements of the Rambam that we're not able to find sources for. For example, it says anyone who gets angry someone who gets angry, it's like he served idols. By the way, where does it say that the answer is it says it nowhere doesn't exist there's no such statement only the Ram says it doesn't it doesn't say that in sh in all it says is Excuse me. It says someone who breaks vessels in his anger should be in your eyes. But there the is saying if you break in your anger or if you tear a garment in your anger, it should be in your eyes as if you served idols. But it doesn't say anybody who gets angry, it should be like you served idols. So where did the Ramom get it from? So there is an idea. It's found in many many sources that certain things the Ram says the only makar we have for it is which is very difficult because the Ram did not have the zone of the rishim had the zire was discovered after the times of the rishim had the zire certainly did not have the ram um so but there are many for example the z says kalakay is but the zar also makes um talks about the issue of the manra and amazingly says Shapiro the zar says exactly like the raam that the word hatas refers to lighting the manara so we found a friend for the raam the take a look in the z number 10 in this week's para the zar says says on the fourth line and are the exact same word. So that when the Tyra says um in number four means and in fact Romero Shapiro says look in number nine in the let's see if you know this acronym VVE vav Whoever gets it gets a huge prize. Oh, and the raj on him and the rivid argues on him and Rash and are not like it that what it's all the same thing. So very interesting the Ram has a friend in the Z that when the Tyra says it refers to interesting interesting Rabbi the quotes he quotes the way the Ramban quotes Rashi look at number 11. says, "How could there be that you light the morning and evening? You only light it at night." You know, it doesn't even dawn on the to say like the to say like the ram that there's another mitzvah had in the morning. He doesn't even suggest such a thing. He says it's referring to the nari. Okay. So now we're going to use the ram to answer a few interesting questions. We already said that the shita of the raam would explain our minog of lighting the minor in a shul during the day on kanaka otherwise according to the rajbah doesn't make any sense why we light the minor in the shaw during the day okay there's a mission on yuma the mission yuma is talking about the seven days that the was preparing to do on yakipur and the mission says for the seven days he brings the carbon tid and he is mate of the manra. So asks why does the Mishna only say he's mate of the manra? It should say better. It should say the kadel is mad the manra says according to the raam it's beautiful because the raam learns the word mative is ladik. So the Mishna is saying is hitting it on the on the head. The Misha is saying the kaying would be mate of the Nero meaning he'd be mad the Nero uh during those seven days as opposed to the rest of the year that any kayen could do it. Okay, let's talk about another issue. Let's talk about theim let's talk about. Of course, you know what that's that's the subject on everyone's mind. um Kaneka or you got to think about think about Kaneka. The Ram says that what day did we rest from our enemies? They rested from their enemies on the 25th day of life. So there's a big question on the Rambam. If they rested from their enemies on the 25th day of Kislave, that means that on the 25th day of Kislave, they uh couldn't light the manura yet because they didn't they didn't begin to rest until the 25th. That means the first time they could have lit the mana is 26th. So if the first time they lit the mana, if they rested on the 25th and the first time they lit the mana is the night of the 26th, then why in the world do we light the manura the night of the 25th? The Mi argues on the Rambam and the Mi says they did not rest on the 25th. They rested on the 24th and that's why we light the manora on the 25th because the first time they lit the mana is the 25th. But according to the Rambam, the question is why do we write the on the 25th? But they they didn't light it until the 26th. So pesak Frank in the mccroic kaidesh quotes the perro of the arodal I think argodal is the miner elloy who says uh an amazing thing according to the ram they rested on the 25th you're right they didn't light the minra the night of the 25th but they definitely lit it the day of the 25th so therefore our minara of the night in at home. Anyway, we only light it at night. Why? Because there's only pursua at night when people are home. In Sh, we collide it during the day. But at home, we only light it at night. Why do we light it on the 25th? Because according to the Rambam, they lit the man during the day. So the in the day, they lit it on the 25th. So we start lighting the minor on the 25th. The Rambam is lash and the mir is lash. The Rambam who says there's a mitzvah to light the minor during the day, he could learn that they rested during the day. So why do we light on the 25th? Because even though they didn't light at night, they lit during the day. But the miri is that they you only light the minar at night. So you only light the minar at night. Then why do we start lighting the minar the 25th? Because miri hold that's why the mir is forced to say they didn't rest on the 25th. They rested on the 24th and the taka didn't light the minor for the first time the night of the 25th. So the raam is going according to his shittita and the miri is going according to his shittita. The Rambam holds there's a mitzvah to light the during the day and therefore it's okay to say that they rested on Kaneka on the 25th. Why do we light the on the 25th? To commemorate the first time they lit the which is the day of the 25th. The miri on the other hand now the Argado says maybe the Miri holds like the Rajba but actually if you look up the mir says he does hold like the rajbah. The miri says there's only the evening. If that's the case, he's forced to say they rested on the 24th. Because if they rested on 25th, why in the world are we lighting the monora on the 25th if they didn't start lighting until the 26th? So look at number 13. Look at number 13. Um on what it says in Yuma that the Ram says that they uh they rested on the 25th. That's lash. He says like the rajas so it comes out good. Then on the 25th when they found the jug um they lit it in the morning and it lit eight days and the raita say the miri on the other hands who says um that they rest on 24th he holds like the rajbah that there was no during the day only at night and therefore he's forced to say that the was on the 24th and says Frank the arodal says this as an have Sure. But if you look in the Meri, he mentions the Rama. Okay, Rabbi. So, one more offering and then I'll let you break. And obviously, if you're talking about Kaneka, what question do we need to answer the saves? Why do we celebrate eight days of Kaneka? But the first day wasn't a miracle. They had enough oil to light for the first day. Let me just throw out two more questions. Why did Hashem have to make a miracle tum isra? Famous question that when the majority of kali s you're allowed to do the avoid the tum. So why didn't they use tame oil? Question number three. Why are we so hooked up with the minra? There's somebody called the kangado. Kangado had to bring a mka every day. the mined she what oil do they use for the shemen of the you say they found well you'll say that she doesn't have to be um cussus so that she had it's not mabra they had one kind of oil not another kind of oil they defiled everything so question number one is there was no miracle on the first day question number two is what did they uh do for for the and question number three is so the says a very interesting ter says according to the sheet of the Rambam not only do you have to light the during the evening you'd have to light it during the day as well however that mitzvah of lighting during the day is not kava why is because it might still be burning in the morning. It's only if you found that it went out. It could be, you know, the wind was not strong that night and uh the oxygen level was not and uh it's still lighting. It's still so it's not a theor is when the tummy they're allowed to do any which is but which is not you can't do like this. You want to know what they did for the had to be brought every single day and they used to oil. You want to know why did Hasha make a miracle to such? You're right. He didn't have to for the lighting of the night. He didn't have to. The night you could light ba and they did light b. But the daylighting, you know how to do batma because the daylighting is not keva. Now, so you'll ask, but they had enough oil to light for um one day. No. When when khazal said they had enough for one day, that meant for the first night, but they didn't have enough for the next 12-h hour period. So, the miracle was that the oil that they used at night, which was enough only for the nighttime and not for the day, it continued to burn during the day. So, you ask, we didn't need a miracle because we could use tame oil. No, you can't use tummy oil for the daylighting. You can only use tm oil for the night lighting because the night lighting is set. The day lighting is not set. That's how based on the ra they did. They did. Why didn't they use tummy oil for night? No, I understand. But then the question still remains about the seven days. I mean, they had enough Tahar oil. It sounds like for one 12-hour period. Why did they use that at during the during the night? You mean they should have saved it for the first day? It sounds like it's still better to use tahar. So they used it in the night and it lasted during the day and uh that's what they did. Let's take a look at the inside and then we'll break. Okay. It's number 14. If they had enough oil for the first night, it uh was not a miracle. like the asks many and I will offer my why do you need this miracle? Another question. and so why would God make a miracle for no [Music] reason and you don't need the miracle especially you don't need the at all you don't even have to skip the brackets you can ask more. Fine. So, the oil lasted eight days, but you can ask what did they do with the [Music] If all the oil was and he says to say they only didn't have but she which is good for they had that's a because if they touched it then they we have to suspect they touched everything. So he says a very amazing ter it's all one answer based on the says there's a light in the morning says the is not because it doesn't say and if it didn't go out you weren't required to extinguish it to light it and therefore it's and the proof is in the beginning the Raman says says and he says but is not. So that implies that only is. So according to this when we say they only had enough oil for one day, they only had for one night but not for the morning and so it was a miracle on the first day. The was only needed for the continual lighting of the first day which is not but the could have used. Now it's unclear what they did at night. Did they use tahar oil at night? Why would they have done that? Or maybe they used tumo oil at night. You have to say they they used the tahar. Okay. Rabbi say all of this is according to the of the Rambam that not only is there a mitzah to light during the night time there's a mitzah to light during the day as well. Okay, we'll pick it up over here after the break. You've just experienced another Torah class brought to you by tora anytime.com.