The Korban Omer and the Prohibition of Chadash by Rabbi Yitzchak Breitowitz

okay good morning everybody uh I don't want to be mean spirit I actually don't like the head thing so uh I'm a little I'm a little happy today but I hope I'll try to talk uh a little bit louder yeah so first um just want to announce our sponsorship today uh this share is sponsored for the entire year by rever fo and Sharon Alman in memory of their parents Edith and Riner Alman and their son uh once again we're very very uh grateful uh for their may it be a for the and for all of their family uh we've been talking a lot about the counting of the OM and I hope everyone had a wonderful LBA om uh I want to continue because again the overall unit is actually the mitv that are connected to and we've kind of gotten to the OM I want to talk today about the OM itself what is the OM itself we're so used to thinking om is a period of time when in fact Omar is a volume it's a volume measurement so the is the Torah says in paror we just read it uh the chabas before last chabas that on the second day of PES we bring what is called a a Corban om that means a measure of bar charlyy flour very coarsely ground the measure is an Omare an Omare is the amount of man that fell every day and it happens to be the volume of 43 and a fifth eggs eggs eggs that's the volume that also happens to be the amount of flour which obligates you to separate kala now as you know if you separate there's a great deal of uncertainty if the size of eggs have changed in the course of time so in terms of a weight measure which is not really totally accurate because technically it's a volume not a weight but often just for ease it's defined as weight uh this would be between 2 and A2 pounds of flour or 5 lounds of flour and in terms of cups of flour and which is a volume it could be anywhere between six and 12 cups so I'm not here to side what is the size of the requisite egg but be it as it may this is the measure 43 and a fifth eggs of coarsely ground barley flour was brought as a Min m just means a meal offering in the BET mikash like most the co did Kam that means I'm using the wrong hand he did it with his right hand he took three fingers of the flower and sacrificed it on the altar right the kamit is burnt on the M the so was not invented by the leftover which is most of it was baked as matah and it would be eaten by The kohanim Barley matah it would have to be eaten y so if it was brought the second day of pesak they'd have that day and they would have that night uh to be able to eat it this is called the Coran the Corban of the volume of the OM it is and it had and in fact if you recall That's the basis of the discussion whether the counting of the OM Isa today because most like toos say that the Mitzvah of counting SP is on Corban therefore if we don't have Corban om it is the she of toos that is only mik except the rambam says no SP is independent of that okay be it as it may but what I want to talk about today is something that's a little people pay a little less attention to and that is the OM the the bringing of the OM is not just a Mitzvah in and of itself but it provides a very important mat it permits something that was was otherwise prohibited until the Omare is brought and that is the of new grain now this only applies to the it does not apply to fruit or vegetables or buckwheat or qua but the five grains that's s right that's wheat barley Rye oats spelt right those five which are the ones that you make MOS on and you make hot on and that can become right all of these different and that are and all of these things are correlated you are not allowed to eat what is called New grain I'll Define that term in a moment until the Omare is brought until the Omare is brought you only eat old grain grain from the prior year not grain from the New Year in other words this is called theer of kades and sometimes we refer to it conversely until the OM you're only allowed to eat you're not allowed to eat now obviously it's critical to know what defines something asash and what defines something as Yash because obviously allash just like everybody young will hopefully become old So eventually all new grain becomes old grain what is the definition of kadash and Yash so the gamar in has a very interesting definition that's not intuitive necessarily it actually says that even if the grain grew after PES and was harvested after PES as long as it was planted before pesak and took root before PES that's called has rash as long as it had hashash before PES when the OM comes it then becomes M meaning to say anything that is Nish after p is called until next year's om so to take it very simple it's a general rule how much time elapses between planting and Ro in is a question it may be anywhere between uh a week or two weeks they're different shm but let's just let's just go with planting I'm going to just for Simplicity I'm going to treat planting as equivalent to rooting assuming you have to wait X number of days if something is planted before pesak the Omare will matcher it so even though it grew after pesak and was harvested after PES it is not considered new it is considered to be old if on the other hand it was planted after the second day of PES meaning after the OM then it's considered to be new grain and you would not be allowed to eat it until next year's Omare after which of course the Kash becomes the US so this is the very very important key idea that the om M the OM permits anything that was Nish before the hakas but anything that is Nish after hakra is not going to be permitted till next year now Point number one number one here is the in the same situation about that yeah every year it'll be the same thing in other words anything that's Nish after this year's om is n rash before next year's om so so therefore it's going to be in other words the point is this to matate this year the grain already has to be Nish rash if it was Nish rash after this year's Omare then it'll have to be mucher next year because next year it's Nish before before next year's om right that's what I'm saying that everything eventually gets mucher but sometimes you have to wait as long as a year now today we don't have a B mikdash because we don't have a b mikash we don't have the Corb so you might ask the obvious question if we if you're not allowed to eat grain until you bring the Corbin omir and today we don't bring the Corbin so how are we allowed to ever eat thees what matters thees there's nothing that matters thees so the gorah comes to the rescue here and the gorah threw a number of dros basically says there is a two- tiered system in matching the when there's a bikash it is the actual bringing of the OM that matters the Kash you cannot eat the new grain as defined until the OM is actually brought however when there's no B mikash it is the day that matters meaning he is equivalent to Dawn that's when you have your first light in the East even before uh n even Before Sunrise uh and the is on the 16th of Nissan is M now that's Thea which means the following when there is a b mikash and they don't get around to bringing the OM to till 12: noon you wouldn't be allowed to eates until 12 noon when there's no B mikash you're actually allowed to eat it dawn of the 16th now once again we apply the same Paradigm any grain that was Nish before the 16th of Nissan will become M amak of the 16th anything that was Nish after the 16th of Nissan cannot be eaten until next 16th of Nissan so these are the two uh dates or the two events now we then come to a final little adjustment and this was one of the takot of the great raban yanan Ben Zak raban Yan Zak of course was a very very pivotal figure uh he lived at the very time of the destruction of the second B mikdash and he was the one that kind of took us through that very very difficult period if you remember he actually met with the emperor well he met with Vespasian who was a general who was going to become emperor and uh he tried to negotiate something and he managed to get three concessions that uh that was set aside as a center for the to come together in addition he asked that Rin gamel's family be spared because they were the Nim the hereditary Nim from Hillel and ultimately from D and the third was more of a private request and that was there was a great great great sadic R sodok who had fasted 40 years mean he ate a little bit at night he had fasted 40 years to avert the destruction of the b mikash as a result his health was not very good and there he requested special medical treatment for R Sak now the gar itself discusses and it's still a matter of controversy if R Ben Zaki had the right to ask for anything why did he not ask for the basa mikdash itself and the sparing of Jerusalem which was destroyed and there's actually a discussion according to one opinion he goofed he messed up meaning at a time of great great great stress sometimes even the greatest can lose their perspective that's one view according to the other view uh he did the best that he could because of the principle to fbaa meaning he was afraid if he asked for too much he would get nothing at all and again this is often the agonizing situation that leaders find themselves in whether you're a religious leader or a political leader how much do you push how much do you ask for how much do you demand uh because there's always going to be that danger that you come to a break point and then you lose everything on the other hand sometimes you ask for too little or you demand too little and as a result you didn't accomplish what you could accomplish so I would be very reluctant I think none of us should sit in judgment on R Zak who is dealing with an excruciatingly difficult situation but he was the great great leader of the Jewish people during that very tumultuous time and the gar records he made a number of t there are number of that made and one of these may sound very minor but it is a rule that is he was that is not when there's no Temple is not on the 16th of Nissan but you got to wait until the morning of the 17th of Nissan he added one day and the reason is very simple and the reason itself is quite beautiful because the following he says like this if we get into the habit of eating kadash the morning of the 16th what happens next year when the temple gets rebuilt as we surely hope it well so we're going to get up early in the morning on the 16th eat the new grain but the problem is you're not allowed to do that till they bring the El which might be 12 noon or whatever it would be so he says we're not going to allow people to eat the morning of the 16th lest they get into that bad habit when the bet is rebuilt and we certainly believe you have to understand something you have to understand that although this takana is a very technical takana and it simply pushes off the header of eating kadash by one day that's all it does instead of the 16th you got to wait to the 17th but you have to understand the confidence building and the hope that he's inspiring with this he's telling yen right after theban says you know don't eat your kadash the morning of the 16th because we have to have auna that the B Mikes might be rebuilt next year and if it's going to be rebuilt next year you're not going to be able to eat on the 16th so defer it by a day so for sure that's going to be after the OM as late as they bring the Omare because you know the the very year the temple is built we might be in a rush meaning let's say the b mik comes AR or whatever it would be so they might bring it on very late on the 16th so wait until the 17th so you have to understand that sometimes the most technical Arcane is a way of keeping hope alive in the Jewish in the Jewish C andak saw one of his missions uh to inculcate the idea mikash that we believe the basa Mikes can come back at any time of course you know there's there's always like a a double-edged sword to that me meaning some some would would make the argument well wait a second if you start encouraging people that the Bas of can come you know tomorrow or or next year what's going to happen when it doesn't uh does that deflate their hope does that destroy their hope right so that's an interesting question that again Judaism has grappled with for many many centuries the notion of holding out the imminence of mashia uh as opposed to simply saying he'll come when he comes and we don't necessarily talk about imminence they tell him is said with yov ketki when he was a r in Toronto an interesting story uh there was a storekeeper who was Aid who was uh his store was open on chabas but he had a very Jewish heart he was a European Jew and you know he believed in all the midrashim and all of the kazal about things so somebody said to him you know mashia can come Tom and what is it going to look like if you're a m shabas and you have your store open and mashia comes tomorrow aren't you going to be ashamed aren't you going to be embarrassed aren't you going to really really wish you weren't in that situation now this type of speech very very much appealed to this man's sensibility and he was prepared to totally close his store because mashia will come you know Thursday or you know whatever Sunday so so re keski said you go back to the guy immediately and you tell him we believe in mashia but we have no idea when he's coming so the person said to of Yakov what do you mean I tell the guy that he's going to keep his store open he says you tell the guy mashia is coming you know tomorrow therefore you better shut down your store well what happens if mhia doesn't come tomorrow how is the guy going to feel you lied him you cheated him you deceived him what is his attitude going to be towards rabbis and towards Judaism when they make these claims that don't materialize he says it is better to be honest it is better to be open even though in the short run you might accomplish more by kind of these tactics of telling him Mash is coming tomorrow and rakov basically said that you can't just look at the short-term gain that you might get by painting certain pictures you have to be committed to Ms because in the long run if people are lied to people are deceived they're going to simply walk away with a great deal of of bitterness so that was rak's philosophy that even if the guy would go back to keeping his store open on chabas that would have been better than to lie to him by promising something that was not going to uh going to happen Okay so uh so we now have these two levels once again we have the rule that bikash the is permitted only with the OM offering itself and then we have the rule that when it's not a bikash it's m at dawn of the 16th and the takak says you got to wait until dawn of the 17th uh and this is called kadash and it only applies to the five grains now I'm now going to discuss very briefly does it apply in and does it apply to the produce of this is very very important in ER Israel and if the grain was grown by a Jewish farmer right two things Jewish farmer in ER Israel there is absolutely no question that there is anter of kadash and you cannot eat kadash until the morning of the 17th of Nissan so how do you know the answer is you don't have to know anything this is handled by hash every single in Mahin non mahadin whatever it would be if it's a legitimate will ensure that no grain reaches the market until it is already in a state of yashan you don't have to investigate it the is held back meaning now now keep in mind if you think about this after P right now right now there is no possibility of any grain being because any grain you see must have been rooted at least before pesak actually a long time before PES so after PES for a few months everything is Yash right no problem at all where you begin to get problems is towards the end of the summer approaching Y and certainly after suus where grain can already have been planted after p and as a result it would beash until next om or the next 17th of Nissan so right now even if you're very you can breathe easy you don't have a problem but as I say every even a r will not allow anything that is to be put on the markets so you don't have to check for or now this is in what about so this is a huge huge huge M uh you know uh there's a famous of the it's in the ultimately because we know that most most mitv that are connected with agriculture only apply inel truma Mas shita they don't apply outside of AR Israel so one might have thought Kash is connected to grain connected to agriculture it should not apply outside of AR and yet there is an opinion that says that since in parasor when it describes the isra of not eating the new grain it uses the words wherever you live some say that does apply to some say it just means wherever you live in so there's a in the does the of apply to grain most poim actually say it does now here is the issue however the Rama the great po of ashkanazi jewelry and by the way the RAS yard site you may know was on l b was on Lo B it uh itself the ramama died uh very amazingly tragically young the ramama died I believe was 46 certainly in his in his 40s and uh just amazing what what he was able to able to accomplish but the Rama has a famous Ina that in we are allowed to eat all grain without checking if it is Kash or Y and he bases this on a problematical princip problematical application of a principle called double doubt spake he says if I have given grain so here's the thing first of all maybe the grain was harvested from the old year and even if it was harvested this year maybe it was Nish before PES so therefore I have a double doubt there are Ms I don't want to get into the lumus too much this is a very difficult double doubt because it's really one doubt I mean it could be Yash because it was harvested in the old year or it could be Yash because it was n before P that's not two doubts it's the same principle is it but the r makes it a which means according to the Rama if you're a farmer and you know your grain or the grain of the guy that you're buying is Kash you wouldn't be allowed to eat it but in Market I can go with what is called spak so in truth many mainstream American hashas and I believe this included I know this did include the OU I I I don't know if they changed their policy I my guess is they didn't but I don't want to say for sure but historically the OU has not certified for Kash and Yash in because they simply pascin that they follow the Rama's view who mats uh these grains unless you know for sure what they are so as a result uh hashas like the OU uh did not you did not have any because they were uh the star K on the other hand in Baltimore and the more maybe yes and as well as the okay which was kind of kabad Dove B wasab kabad person uh they were mmir and they would only certified grain that was uh Yasha now what happened is that for many many years in America very very few people cared about they were simply going with the flow but in recent decades uh some of it was actually the influence of uh the salivic family actually more raran salvic than R was very very very mock on the din of Kash and this raised the consciousness of many B Torah B Yesa and the like so as a result there is now a cottage industry of trying to identify which grain products and this includes a lot of things this includes bread pasta cookies all sorts of stuff uh which is yashan which is kadash and they look at product codes and they look at these labels and they have directories and then some people who are mbit after PES after PES they buy a Year's worth of spaghetti and cookies and the like because they know that that's Yash and they want to do it that that they want to carry them through till next PES but of course you got a problem because these people tend not to sell so you got a little bit you got a little bit of an issue because all of that that they want to use for after PES not going to be so this is where two can kill you meaning you know you're and you also don't you're not that's going to create a big big problem but there's even in Lakewood there's even a directory that kind of lists which products you can get at different times of years so again I'm not here to tell you what to do I mean in arel you for sure have to keep the laws of kades and you don't have to worry about it because it is built in automatically in every hash so there's nothing I'm saying that should uh upset you in any way uh keep on buying your grain products you don't have any problem but in there are going to be issues one has to determine whether they they want to be properly M on the din of Kash or whether they will be on the R Who because of oh okay so imported grain is not a problem either meaning it has to grow it has to grow here well well it's imported grain will be the same problem as itself which will be the yeah the RAB is not certifying so even if something has a r uh they are not certifying that the grain product is Yash they're only the only certify Israeli produce as as yian right so this is just a little bit to understand that the OM has a very important maer function it permits not just a separate Mitzvah in and of itself so now let me raise a very interesting question uh this is a question from na yosua right takes over after mosha and uh the Jewish people miraculously cross the yardan river remember the yardan river splits just like the yamu and this was on the 10th of Nissan on the 10th of Nissan this is recorded in sa for yosua on the 10th of Nissan so PES is coming up pretty soon and they're going to bring their first Corbin PES in erel and indeed it is the first carbon PES in 40 years they only brought one carbon they brought a carbon PES in Egypt and then they brought one carbon pesak the first year in the midbar there was no Corbin PES for the other 40 years this is is the first one indeed all of the Jews that were born in the desert did not even have or the men did not even have Brit so the book of Yeshua records that one of the great hot that had to be made before they could bring the Corbin PES was all of the hundreds of thousands of Jew of males had to be circumcised because if a person is anel they're not allowed to eat the Corbin PES so again in the book of Yeshua it is cribe the mass bris of all of the people because it says all of the men who left MIT had Brit of course most of them died in the desert if they were 20 and up but the people that were born in the desert did not have a Brit Mila and therefore they had a Brit Mila and then they brought the carbon PES okay that was a wonderful thing the first carbon PES in 40 years the first carbon PES in AR Israel and then it mentions and they ate from the grain of the land the day after P they ate now first of all phrases which the ter itself uses so little what what day is that it's a little little uh unclear what does p mean p can have two meanings in tanak it can mean the day of the Corban P which is the 14th of Nissan or it could mean the day of the holiday of PES which in the tah is not even called holiday of PES it's called which is the 15th if p means the 14th MIM p is the 15th if p means the 15th is the 16th now in the end ofid which lists the different Mas the different stops of the Jewish people so it starts off the list by saying the Jewish people left MIT MIM the day after PES now what does that mean obviously they left on the 15th so if you're calling the 15th then PES must refer to the 14th but in saer yahushua it's exactly the opposite it says they did not eat the new grain of Isel until now the gar explains that when they come toel all of that grain ises to them because no om was brought so they weren't permitted to eat that grain until the 16th when they brought when they brought the Omar offering so you see there's a contradiction in par p means 14th and mimas is 15th in SA yua P must mean 15 because p is 16 so toas and Rashana brings that this was a question that I think that I believe I don't want to say for sure that this is the only time in Shas that the Ezra is quoted in a toos this was a Kasha of AR Ezra asked rabenu now we didn't we wouldn't realize that they knew each other they met each other the ezzar who of course was very much into diok and the meanings of words asked rabut that there's a contradiction between Paras masi and saer yosua as to what is the reference of P the day of Corbin P or and kind of gave a do answer he said meaning to say the tah uses words in a certain way and the prophets may use words in a different way and therefore the fact that there's inconsistency in usage is not necessarily such a a question okay but be it as it may the gor's understanding of the p in yua that they didn't eat from the grain tillim actually means that they were living on M or whatever it is in fact even after mosha died the man remains normally it didn't last more than but it remained so they could eat the M uh and on the 16th of Nissan second day of pesak they brought theare offering and then they ate so based on this the gamorra raises or not the Tomi raises a very surprising question the night of the 15th of Nissan there's a Mitzvah to eat matah now the night of the 15th is one day before the 16th so in a regular year where we planted where we had brought the RAR last year we would have yashan to eat but we didn't bring an OM offering you don't bring the until he come there to sell so it turns out there was absolutely no grain we were allowed to eat if there was no grain we were allowed to eat how did we fulfill the Mitzvah of matah the first night of pesak all matah would have been kadash which did not have an Omar to because this is the first Omar offering that we're bringing so the T Shi says quite surprisingly they did not eat matah that year they ate the corbon PES they ate the mor they did everything else for I don't know if they did four cups of wine then but they they did every other thing they could do but they could not eat matah they were m the Mitzvah of mat because of the of they weren yeah so that that's an interesting question so this is one of the ri thei apparently this is actually one of the proofs the Yi apparently takes the view that the isra ofes applies even to non-jewish grain because after all the grain that they found when they cameel was all grown under the non-jewish ownership so this would be a r that KES does apply even in the grain of non-jews again I don't mean I don't mean a non-jewish a non-jew doesn't have the prohibition but I mean I as a Jew cannot eat the Kash grown by a n so the Yi then askha that we have a general principle in called what does that mean when you have a conflict between a positive commandment Thou shalt do and the only way I can do the positive is by transgressing a negative Thou shalt not so what do I do so the is actually the positive think positive right the positive overrides the negative this is a famous principle although it's a quite complex principle in application this is called a say do low Sasa a positive commandment pushes aside a negative commandment the most common example that we would face is a Brit on chabas right Brisa we know if it's the eighth day of birth we do it on chabas even though every bris is a desecration of chabas you're causing bleeding and the like but there's no other way I can do the mitzvah on chabas other than by violating chabas so the positive overrides the negative this is also the explanation of why as we mentioned this when I do a bris late if I'm doing a bris on the ninth day at the 10th day or later I'm not allowed to do it on chabas simply because there is a m for the do a bris but there's no special MIT do on day nine or day 10 so if day nine or 10 is shabus I could fulfill fill the Mitzvah without transgressing the a so I got to do that when shabas is the eth day since there's a special Mitzvah of doing a bris on the eighth day I wouldn't be able to do that Mitzvah without desecrating chabas so I apply the rule once again of now there is a requirement that this only applies that if the Mitzvah is doing the AA but not the preparation so for example a moel would not be allowed to drive to do a shabas press why is that because driving is not the Mitzvah driving is only a preliminary to a Mitzvah so the rule that the positive Mitzvah sets aside the sin is only the actual Mitzvah itself and not the preliminaries this is the sh of rabi AKA that the that we pasin like there actually is another view there is a of reab elzar who actually says by a bris it's not only the bris that override shabas but all of the preparations he even gives a very extreme example he says you're allowed to cut down a tree to make a fire to to burnish your knife to be able to do a bris to kind of you know heat your blade up sterilize your blade he says all of that is in a being which means according to him for sure could drive so like rra that would be true but don't walk away thinking that the is absolutely clear that we follow as we normally do RAB aka's view that it's only the Mitzvah that sets aside the Lota not the not the preliminary activities now why is it so that a positive overrides a negative I mean maybe I should say I should have a standoff I don't know and therefore don't do anything so the ran Ines gives a very beautiful explanation he says that MIT say represent expressions of love when I love someone I do things for them loas don't touch that represents the Meda of fear and awe right when I'm afraid I don't dare no like don't touch the air conditioner whatever whatever it would be so the ramban says since the shes the roots of positive Commandments is AEM and the root of negative Commandments isem is a higher madrea than and that's why the Ava trumps the in case of conflict you need both you do need both in fact I'm sorry hasem is foundational and therefore the same way you cannot build a second story until you have a first story and you can't build the first story unless you have a foundation so one cannot jump to AA without if you do that you're treating God like your buddy buddy and like I fact a person once told me this was interesting you know whatever person was telling me that they very much believe in Hashem but they don't do Mitzvah and you know we're just talking why I wasn't trying to prosze him but he was just he was just talking to me and he said you know I am so buddy buddy with God he said said that you know I know that whatever I do is going to be okay because we're buddy buddy so this would be an example I think of allowing the without without a to kind of give you a free ticket which is not em so it is that is foundational but spiritually loving God is a higher level than simply being fear fearful and there the ran says that is why say okay so now let's go back to thei thei asks the following question why does the PK in yua imply that they couldn't eat matah until the 16th of Nissan there is a Mitzvah even today to eat matah L Sader not during the day but L Sader and if there's no other grain that qualifies as Yash so there's no way in a regular year I would tell a person hey you're not allowed to eat get yashan but in this case there is no Yash there's no other way I could do the Mitzvah other than doing thees so in such a situation what should the be the positive Mitzvah of mat positive mitah mat should be right that's the if you look in par and more right so theha why don't I apply the rule of or or why didn't I apply the rule this is the the does not ask the question but uh toos and kadan brings it right I actually have to say that because if I simply say the Yi you might think I'm a Bucky in Yi so it's brought down that if you know the Yi from a secondary source it's appropriate to say the secondary source but toos and kusan uh brings this K of thei and toos brings both answers thei gives twoim to this question uh the first is a technical answer and that is the rule that the positive overrides the negative only applies to the mitzvos that were given at har and afterwards meaning from Matan Torah onwards there's a special but the mitv that were given prior to Matan Torah have less of a strength and since the Mitzvah of matah was given prior to Matan Torah kod hador it does not have the to be now you could ask a very simple that's correct you can ask a very simple Kasha on the T ji bris was given to a but the answer was it was also repeated at har but then the question is well so was matah because matah was given in MIT but matah is repeated in saer so mat is in the same boat as Brit originally given before and then repeated after heri so if Brit can override chabas then we're back to square one why can't matah override kades it's a very good Kasha on the Yi and then the Yi gives another answer and that is the following let's assume we would have said that you are allowed to eat the mat okay let's assume we let's assume we would go with how much would you be allowed to eat remember the mitvah overrides the as soon as you fulfill the Mitzvah you got to stop because you're no longer covered well how much matah do you have to eat to fulfill the mitzvah Ora so it's only what's called a Kaz now kazas literally means the size of an olive now as you know massive controversy have the olives grown bigger the truth of the matter is some of the amount of Mata that people eat at kazas I mean this presupposes the kazas was the size of a watermelon uh and that I can assure you maybe the morum brought back something like that but but other than the morum bringing it back there was no time that kazm were the size that we make it uh and and and the like uh so whatever it would be U kazas is an olive and even if you want to be mmir it would be an egg even to assume it's an egg would be a huge thing but okay there's a mukum to be based on tamic sources that you might go as high as a as an egg the volume of an egg that would mean the amount of matah that you would crush and fill something that has the volume of an egg including the shell whatever that would be whatever your kayas is by the way I want to point out that you know it's interesting that the most sh of kazas and everything all the sh were compiled by again who was a great great POS in accepted by everybody so so even if you when every and it'll give you small medium large the small is always based on AB no who died I think maybe in the 19 30s or 40s and then the largest sh are of course Kish sh who made pretty huge sh so once remarked when saer came out in the 1920s everybody in Yim were saying why is he so m meaning what in our world is treated as the smallest most Lan cheer said that was a that was a great already people were saying what is he so about and the EMES they say the great T of the gra when he would show people at his seder what was a kazas he said the amount of matah that covers your palm is a kazas of mat which you know if you crush it up it's close to a large Olive you know that basically there was noas there he basically said you know kazas is a is a kazas so I'm not here to resolve that maybe sometime we'll give a longer share on it but the point of the USI is the following whatever Heder you have to eash because of will only apply toas anything over and above a kazas is a loasa which is not covered by an A and if that's the case would be in AA therefore therefore there was a rinic decree do not eat the first gazay it lest you come to eat more than is covered so you see two interesting things with this first of all you see the interesting chronological points that such a Rabin decree existed already in the time of yahushua binon meaning it's a pretty early Rabin decree to say the Jews who crossed the ardan didn't eat the kadash because of the gazer of Kazan because of Kay Shen so that's one interesting thing that some Rabin decrees can be quite quite early the second thing that you see is which is not and you see in other places as well that a Rabin decree can can prevent you from fulfilling a Torah commandment there is a Torah commandment to eat matah but because of the Rabin decree that you might eat too much they said don't do it now you obviously can can think right away we have other cases like this we don't blow the chauffeur when rosashana falls out on chabas lest you carry the chauffeur in a public domain so the rabbis were afraid of really a one in a thousand problem we have Arabs and everything else uh and yet the Rabon took away the Mitzvah of blowing the chauffer and don't give me the answer well we always have it because we have the second day of rashash well no we don't the second day of rashash is a Rabin y it is not a Tor so when the rabbis say you don't blow chauffeur when rashash falls out on chabas you are losing a very precious Mitzvah you see so once again this is a well-known idea that in order to prevent violation of the Torah the can actually abgate a positive commandment they did it by chaur and according to thei they did it at the first PES by saying don't eat the first kayat lest you come to eat the second Kaz yeah dis between Lowes and low you can't steal to do a BRI you can't kill someone yep yeah yeah yeah so the simplest answer would be is that um all of those are preliminaries meaning meaning to steal to do a bris would be similar to drive to do a bris so I can give you a technical answer uh for that as well but once again I I'll leave you with a a thought question to think about because there are two principles that seem to be contradictory principles principle one is the positive Mitzvah overrides the sin that's called principle number two and I think this is really implicit in your question is there's another principle called Mitzvah any Mitzvah that you accomplish by the commission of a sin is not only a sin but you don't get the mitzvah now think about that they actually are proceeding on opposite premises one says the Mitzvah overrides the sin the other says the Mitzvah is Tainted by the sin and that invalidates the Mitzvah so really the question you're ultimately asking is when do we apply the rule that the Mitzvah overrides the sin called and when do we apply the rule Mitzvah you're 100% correct if you steal aula the mishna says explicitly that not only are you a thief but you don't even get the Mitzvah Mitzvah so once again the technical answer might be that most of the cases of Mitzvah a is the AA was done as a preliminary to doing the Mitzvah so that to do with the Mitzvah huh which has nothing to do with the Mitzvah right which is not directly connected to the Mitzvah so most of the cases there are technical answers but there are going to be times in which uh yeah isn't it surprisingly apparently it is not is not the case that you don't say when you could still you're still able to perform the mitvah afterwards that's for sure that's for sure yeah yeah because that's yeah that's another role that's because you're able to do both so certainly I mean that's ping if I steal a Lula when I didn't have to steal one for sure but but but but even where it's unavoidable so you don't have that heer the mission still says uh you're not you're not you're not but you performed a Mitzvah of BR on day nine too you performed the Mitzvah but but but you could have avoided since you could have avoided the conflict oh you ask me is the bris coacher you mean yeah what I'm saying is if if if if it it would be one thing if the only time you could was and then if it appear say oh okay okay I understand yeah yeah so the answer to that is that has two Mitzvah there's aah but there's a now that's a special so the can only be done on the e day so that particular Mitzvah is not doable at a later time uh let me give you one one example where the gar itself the B uses the gazer don't do what you're allowed to do lest you do more it actually uses it Byam very very interesting the Mitzvah ofam of course is a Mitzvah that says if a man dies without children there's a Mitzvah on his brother to marry the Widow to perpetu at the seed Etc so what is Imagine The Following let's imagine that um he's a Cain a man is a Cain and his brother is actually not a Coen it's interesting you may ask how can I be a CO my brother not be a Coen the answer would be because my father had two wives and one wife was a divorced woman and therefore uh a Coen who marries a divorced woman the kid is not a Coen and I'm from the wife that's not divorced so I am a Coen so my brother is not a Coen my brother marries a divorced woman which he's allowed to do the brother then dies without children so the woman who falls leum to the co is a divorced woman for a Coen to marry a divorced woman is a negative commandment the the gamar says the Coen is allowed to do yeam on a divorced woman because the positive mitvah is overrides the but he would have to divorce her immediately he wouldn't be allowed to be with her a second time because the Mitzvah of is the initial consummation so the RAB made a Tak that he's not allowed to be with her once lest he be with her twice and therefore the Tak is he must give rather than even though would be permitted but this is a g to and the is applying the same Paradigm g k k sh okay so this is just a little bit about and next week we'll talk about another grain offering of sh the the two weak Breads and what that that represents uh okay have a good get