Areyvut in Halacha and Hashkafa by Rav Hershel Schachter

theam at the end of the first peric quotes a from the speaks about that when he passed away him very much so what way would they him so the explain that they dedicated their learning in his memory thank you so many soldiers lost their lives in the M that's taking place now we want to dedicate this year tonight in memory of all of the soldiers but specifically um today was the birthday of a major Shai shamriz would have been the birthday of this major Shai shamz who was killed in the end of December he was 26 years old he was a commander of a whole of a whole platoon I guess and the family requested that people should dedicate the learning today in his memory we read in the that the T describes when the Jewish people will come into ter Israel and they'll do AAS that will be punished and the says when the Jews will be running away they'll trip on each other so the gor has an additional level of interpretation on that that many will be punished because of other people's another Jew does I could have done something about it I could have prevented him I could have given a mus and I don't then I will also be held respons for his and I will be punished so this is the and the problem is that just the other week we read and the says is that fair that one person doesn't a and everybody is punished of course it's fair that's we read that that one is pun so the answer is obvious the the second the first was proclaimed at har on the occasion of the second was proclaimed at AR when MH made the second bris why was there a need for a second bris they already had the bris at har so the PK says that the original BR of har was only with the people who are present at harini the mor say all of the nishas that are going to be born in the later generations were present but you can't make a bris with nishas you have to make a bris with live people so the original BR at har would only obligate those people who were present so M had to make a second BR at so the second BR also happens that can help that'll only be binding on the people who are present by the second bris so the answer is the second bris was started by m but was completed by his student yosua theim say in Yeshua that when they cross right away they had to do the and at that time you can't have a nation without a national Homeland so they were in the midbar there was a lot ofing from the the Torah of Cl but the full of Cl is when a nation has a national Homeland then they called the nation so when they crossed over the yardan and they made the BR to CL at that's when they were considered a nation a nation is considered one body so if you make a a treaty with the United States even though you have a 100 years later you have so many different presidents in between and different policies and everything is different but the but the treaty the the the agreement is binding the nation is considered one unit so the says there is a continuation of the so it says there when someone is doing a that we're not aware of someone's hiding and doing an a will have to punish him we can't do anything about it if a person is doing it's our responsibility to prevent a person from sinning and the that has 11 when you write to you don't have any but there you have 11 dots on top of 11 letters in the quotes from the whenever they're in the and the we we interpret the p as if those letters were missing but they're there what do you mean you consider them as if they're missing so the explains that this did not begin only began when they made the everyone everyone is responsible for the other ones of if there's a of a Nation Al together until this didn't didn't yet begin to apply it only began after the yes was a student of M wanted M was the he wanted MH to make the BR M wasn't allowed to cross over the yard and so yes was the of began the bris and and then it was completed when make made the you must certainly be aware of the fact that the says in the end of Mak that there were 63 mitz so the ra mitz where he the first half of the sa mitz he writes 14 guiding principles that determine what belongs in the Min mitz and what not and then the second half of theah he lists off the 248 mitz say mitz the ram is not the first one before the days of the r in the days of the one of the they're not true exactly who wrote the saer but it was written in the days of the so we call it the they call it the the is is a he lists off one of his opinion of the 63 mitz the raama is not the first him was not the last the ran disagrees here and there with the ra different opinion so in addition to the more famous there is a three volume set that was put out a little over 100 years ago the go wrote sort of a poem that's a few pages long it doesn't rhyme but it's a PE in poem poetic form and um and many Bal used to write PE they used to recite them on sh even in recent years some of the far still recite it takes a long long time RAB said he remembered as a child that he used to say he the on the first day sh the on the second day because it would take forever so on the first day of they would say all second they run through the perod they had all the MIT it took forever so R has this and there was a balab who is a businessman who figured out what is the which Mitzvah say he counting which because everything is in Poetic form it's a little obscure so he put out three fat s the whole poem that he wrote is only three four pages long and this figured out what what the CL what the guiding principles of were and what he counts and what he doesn't count so one of the Mitzvah there count is you should have the so this is a problem that was once in the history of the world let's say on there was a that everyone had a Lo knock on the next door neighbor's door the go next door neighbor and ask foris and whoever didn't want whoever felt uncomfortable was a violation of the so the ra says he's not going to count that as a Mitzvah that's only once in the history of the world MIT the word Mitzvah is a technical term if you look in rashi's commentary andish on the opening POS so Rashi quotes from the everything that rash quotes except for di di rash is on his own but whenever he says something with substance is either quoting or is always quoting earlier sources it's not rash so the and the r in the first half of the mitz postulates the 14 guiding principles that determine what belongs in the minion mitz what not so the ra says you don't include things that are only har there only once in the world once once in the history of the world or let's say you're not allowed to when the M fell down in the midb they weren't allowed to leave it over till the next morning they had to finish everything up so that's not counted as one of the 63 minutes it was only for the 40 years that they were traveling in the midbar or the par says any girl who gets if a man dies someone dies and he leaves no Sons he only leaves daughters so the daughters get theha so if the daughter's going to marry somebody from another when the daughter will die either the husband will y her or the children will y her one way or the other so that the will go to a different shav if she married someone from a different sh so that was the sh that they asked on the occasion the father so there was that only applied for the first 14 years when they crossed over the yard for the first 14 years whoever got irha wasn't allowed to marry someone from a different shav that's not counted as one of the 63 minutes only like for 14 years that's called something that doesn't apply l so this is a p par asked that question why does count that was once in the history of the world it was never we don't repeat it any other time so he thinks that it doesn't mean to make the he thinks that this says only began after the he thinks that that's is referring to should be counted as as one of the mitz in the it's interesting the had this tradition that the word has a connotation of um it says in the end of another couple of weeks we'll get there it says when passed away he didn't have any sons he only had daughters so the daughters came to ask K whether they get said yeah the din is that the daughters get yha if there sons and only the sons get there are no sons and the daughters get the then the came to ask what's going to be going to get then they're going to marry somebody from another shavit so then when they're going to die either the husband will get toha or the children will get toha husband children come from a different shavit so the whole Isel this is sh Ru this is sh Yehuda this is sh next to Yehuda so it's going to turn out that a section in sh belongs to sh just it's going to be the whole is g to be kak said only for the first 14 years until they complete the the that was at the end of the 14 years a girl who gets should not marry out of her so the says that followed the instructions that gave them marry whomever you want and they married their cousins he married from the same family so that's a problem according to theal that the wordo is a technical term that has a connotation of the din that's no this din is not no the din of a girl getting she can't marry out of doesn't apply today it didn't apply for the last few Millennia it only applied for the first 14 years after they entered Israel so the gamor has a a fantastic tradition when you read the you would never dream that like this theor says that that that girl get is not allowed to marry out of her tribe the whole issue came up because of the but the themselves were allowed to marry out of their tribe only the other girls were not allowed to where' they get that from the simple reading of the is not so so the say that's why because it says they married marry whomever you want but then it says they married their uncles their cousins what means so it means the the appli to they can marry whomever they want theor recommends you should marry someone who has the same background if you have is going to Mar marry aardi or an American is going to marry an Israeli it's a different uh culture so it's going to be an issue with chalai it's always an issue how two different people blend in together and to going to have different background is going to be more difficult so that's an always to marry someone who was brought up the same way you were brought up so they married their cousins with a similar background but the didn't apply to them they married they fulfilled the they didn't observe the that's what thear understood in the it's very interesting so the counts the it doesn't mean to have the it means to have the to obser what exactly does that mean so in the that we mentioned before it says that if someone else does a and I could have given I could have spoken to him and prevented him from doing the I could have spoken to them after we did the get him to stop doing it from now on and I didn't I didn't try so then I'll be punished because I didn't I didn't take care of it so that's a of or with respect to a the talks about or with respect to Mitzvah as well we have it in the Bala has to be one who let's say the best in the community is a child before or the best is a woman the women are not so a woman cannot to be man and the child before Bar Mitzvah cannot be the people after Bar Mitzvah a lot of people let's say the husband is out of town for business for shabas and so the wife is alone she has to say kidish so the European women always felt uncomfortable saying Kish as if they were Al they don't want to say Kish they don't want to say the men should say the Kish so a lot of the women instead of they saying the Kish the L their son who's not yet by Mitzvah he should say and the child is before only the mother is mother can't be mother child can the mother so the raises a question what if the already then in the afternoon he goes to the hospital he goes to the old day J and he blow again he was he's not long how could he be the others when he's G to blow the the one who reads the M he already read the Mig the first time then he goes to the hospital the old age he reads the Miga second time how could it be Mighty to the other people he's not right now so the says it's okay even though he was the end of the third per even though he was already he can still BL for a second time and he can still read the Mig second time to the other people how come but he's not Rashi explains and accepted Rashi says because and call man that is still a Jew in New Zealand who didn't consider New Zealand the end of the world so it calls mind that there's a Jew who lives in New Zealand and and he didn't hear yet I'm I'm still to blow if it'll help him so I'm still was because I already heard I blew the first time but still if there's one Jew in the world who didn't hear yet means I'm not fully I'm still I can I can read the Miga for him and I can blow for him and it's not I'm blowing for him and not for me no from the G that when I blow for the second time I have to hear it let's say I I'll blower I was then I'm blowing in the old AG home so I'll put earplugs in and I don't hear the Sher at all I'll read the Milla a second time for those who didn't attend the first minion and I won't hear the mikra Milla only the listeners will hear I I won't hear the other people are not means I'm still to I'm still to if it'll help somebody else and I have to hear the Mig the second time not only to blow for them there used to be a big here in plinski you may have heard of him he was very close to the for many years so he has this in his saer I remember he once visited Washington Heights and he gave this year so when we had thisas I told Hima has that he didn't realize was a few years before AB was 100 years ago over 100 years AG shows that that even though but you have to listen to the the second time to the other person what kind of a din is that so we have an interesting posk in the beginning of he should make you into a nation the Jewish people are the only go we refer to the as the we refer to an individual non-jew as a go strictly speaking this is slang strictly speaking the only go in the world is the Jewish people the word theak has the commentary on tanak a lot of people don't really also not just on has very fascinating comments on so theak put out a a dictionary of Biblical Hebrew used to quote this in his that the word go comes from the word means a body so the Jewish people is a go because we treat all the Jewish people as if they're one body so as one person who didn't who wasn't I'm part of that same so I wasn't fully I was but I'm still not ful that's why by they're not called the but it's it's a borrowed expression really the term go only applies to the Jewish people the non-jewish nations are considered it's like that we all know this then let's say um if you have a mixed marriage and the both parents are Jewish and the father let's say is a and the mother is not the father's a and the mother is not or the father's and the mother's so the says the beginning of or or is or your remember Ruben that's an issue of it says in the everybody reads the understands that's a function of mish so if you have mixed marriage where both parents are Jewish the status of the children what sh they belong to whether is is determined by the father what if you have a mixed marriage by non-jews one of the parents is and the other one is not one is from one is from MIT one is from the and the other one is not so the says it all depends by the father why does it depend on the father never explained said because that's a function of if you have a mixed marriage and one parent is Jewish and one parent is non-jewish so T points out at the end of the first per there are three opinions in the gimar what the din is how do you determine the status of the children the one opinion is that in order for the child to be Jewish you need both parents to be Jewish both the father and the mother the other opinion is that if either the father or the mother is Jewish then the children are Jewish the reform woke up 50 years ago with the patron descent that was outvoted 2,000 years ago that was out voted in the days of the that you don't you don't say either the father or the mother Mak there was such an opinion in the days of the T what it was out voted and the third opinion is what it says in the mishna that all depends on the mother so it's a logically there could be four possible you need both parents to be Jewish you need either parent to be Jewish all depends on the father all depends on the mother shouldn't it all depend on the father there never was such a why shouldn't if you have a mixed marriage that both parents are Jewish depends on the father mixed marriage both parents are not Jewish depends on the father you have a mixed marriage one is Jewish one is not Jewish but D do not depend on the the father why shouldn't everything be the same the answer is that being Jewish cannot be a function of what Mish do you belong to if it would be a function of mishak you wouldn't be able to have a gear a nonu converts he's not any he's not to any soul in the world he's not related to his previous relatives we say and his is not related and he didn't get married he doesn't have any children so he's not he's not related to anybody he belong ons to the go of the Jewish people the nation of the Jewish people by non-jews it doesn't depend all the time I'm know that's out of the question to say that it should depend on the father that's wrong because that's only in so there were three logical possibilities remaining so there are three sheas when need both parents to be Jewish either parent to be Jewish it all depends on the mother and each one had a different P each time I read the differently and we all know we pass it all depends on the mother so it's clear that what the indicates in the beginning of I will make you into into a go only the Jewish people are the go not strictly speaking the that we recite in the morning sh so a lot of the and have they don't say because the abam WR say for the abam is one of the late late he works on the premise that all the all the and all the have to be recited in a Biblical Hebrew in the Biblical Hebrew it's not correct you refer to one non-jew as a go in tanak you have a lot of times but you don't have one person you call him a go that's in yish the it's slang the gar has that so yish ISM that appears in the gamar he he say about a non-jew the did this the go did that but that's not biblical it's not correct strictly speaking the Jewish people are the only go they quote many also they didn't say sh say sh that's biblical sh on the assumption that all should be recited in a Biblical Hebrew why did the only begin after they crossed over the yardan because in order to have a nation a Ser of a Nation you have to have a national Homeland so not until they crossed over the yard they entered ER Isel strictly speaking they already acquired ownership of ER on the days so acquired ownership at that time and we never know we never lost that ownership even during the 70 years of G the land always belonged to the Jewish people and after the the land still belonged to the Jewish people we never lost our ownership used to speak years ago for the mrai so he used to say we do not owe a debt of gratitude to the British for giving us Isel it never belonged to the British we never lost our ownership it always belonged to to the Jewish people who was beazel by the British we never lost our ownership I remember after the um Sinai campaign Rabbi gorin was the chief Rabbi in the Army he was a chief chaplain at that time he wasn't yet the chief Rabbi of ER so he came to America he was charismatic he was unbelievably fantastic I enjoyed hearing him speak so much he spoke in different sh he was so entertaining unbelievable so he he wanted to say a sheer in Rab Sal's class you salv was giving Shear on sanedrin so he gave his Shear there so salv was sitting in the back so one one notch in his Shear was that during the 70 years ago the Jewish people lost the ownership of is because the ra says when theyes the SEC the kadha was destroyed during the seven years of go bubble there was no kadha in is but RAB was assuming just like was so the ownership of also was lost is based on who assumes like that in the ra because the ram says the M the first time around in the days of was the Kush the conquest of the land took it says in nvi it says yesu took seven years to conquer all is because there were 31 were each one had a different Palace and they had a wage war against the because is centrally located it's the link between Europe Asia and Africa and control is Isel has the ability sometimes to control the whole world over there Europe Asian Africa Napoleon started to lose the war the N started to lose the war when they when they were bombing ER they wanted to take they wanted to take over ER Isel thepoon also wanted to he didn't succeed so the ra says the mades the first timean was kush then this during the 70 years ofha was undone because the kibish was undone because Babylonian armies took over the whole country so the disappeared so then the second time around there was no that was centuries later the second time around it was noish it was under the ownership of the under the ruler under the government of the Kings was a ruler over including so the second time around was K so this is assum means that we lost our ownership ofel during the 70 years and then when the Jews moved in they made a so that's what R was assuming and that was the basis of his whole Shear that he gave so salv was sitting in the back of the room and he raised his hand and he said you're not allowed to say that it's not true the Jewish people never lost the ownership writes whenever there's a means I'll call upon Him it'll never change it's always going to be like that the Jewish people never lost the ownership that was the whole basis of so he wasn't going to give in so he continued his sh the next day RAB gor wasn't there so said I want you to keep in mind to the students I want you to keep in mind what he said yesterday was not correct you're not allowed to say that the Jewish people never lost the ownership of Israel the writes like that in his saer on every he writes because of the made with means I'll call upon him will always belong to the Jewish people we never lost our ownership the kadha was canceled so they had to renew the kadha with K but the ownership of was was never cancelled so when the Jewish people enter on the days of then when you have when you enter into your National Homeland then you can say that there's a of Israelis the s is the fact that we're all in Israel the ra there are certain that only apply in Isel so the agricultural denim a whole bunch of MIT the agricultural mitz only app but there is some mitzah not agriculture MIT you can only confer why the farmers who work on the farm get usually not there are but has nothing to do with so the never explains why the just says that's the can only be conferred in so both have to be the ones conferring this one is receiving this have to be in says that ra were both living inel what we're all supposed to be living in is those of us are not living in not doing the right thing really supposed to be living in is so ra were living in is and they were very upset that in bille the Jews were so from they were very religiously inclined but they were Bim they didn't know any they were violating all of the laws of shabas and Kash and didn't know any of the so both of them each one of them on his own felt compelled to move to B and to establish so they both went to B ra went to one city went to another city about the same time so ra went to R to get before he left so he succeeded in getting SM Ando we call him Rob because he got SM his name wasn't Rob his name was ABA but they call him because he succeeded in getting SM every day something else came up and then the the boat was leaving so he had to leave so he never got and you you can conf the one who wants to give not together with the one who receiving this that's valid if they're both inel at the time but if already left can't give him SM that's what it says in the but thear never explain why can SM only be converted so the ra writes an interesting explanation of all places in the one would have thought if anywhere should be maybe no there's the once made a mistake in he said is a trer you're not allowed to eat it they and he in error that the was a TR and he said you better feed it to the dogs after they fed it to the dogs then he said he realized he made a mistake he says I'm going to have to pay whenever the rabbi pin's wrong and he's responsible for the heid M I say you have to pay him money then he collects the money then he he disappears he moves somewhere you don't know how get how to get in touch with him so the rabbi can tell him I made a mistake give the money back so it's the rabbi's fault that someone is suffering a loss of money the rabbi has to pay that's it's not a but it's still a of so to pay so the so the M says says to himself I'm going to have to sell my to take the money and pay this poor men I told him they should feed the the beham to the to the dogs because it's a TR so then they said you don't have to pay because you have all explanation there so the ra there the ra explains the why can you not confers outside says when you confer it's not a private Affair it's not that I have and I'm conferring to my student no I represent all of is conferring this and that's what the ram writes the ram writes in three different places the he thinks that if there no there's nobody in the world today alive today who has the ended over 1500 years ago SM can only be confirmed nobody has real is only imation no one should unless he has the Europeans when I was a little boy there were a lot of Europeans who were just the survivors after the war so they all used to speak idish so they didn't say the ones that I knew they didn't call it they called it permission to or permission to teach you need permission to so it's not really the Bonafide so the says when you should confer this and the presence of why do you have to confess the presence of and when shapo made the and he gave to so many students so they made a big they wrote it up in all the newspapers in Europe they're making every couple years in New York and when they after two three years of a lot of people getting they make a big celebration they invite the parents and the spouses to celebrate where to get this idea to have celebration in public so it's based on the conf in the presence of all of so that's what the ra says he thinks that if there's nobody alive has an he thinks of all of the gathered together and they nobody has any all of gaed together they conf first to a person a group of people that's called they canew this this comes from the so the ra writes in the he can only conf because only the Jews who live in are considered the Jews who Liv in Lord have and therefore when we say to observe but the of the full of only applies to those Jews who live in that's why can only be conferred in the is part of he can represent the rest of by conferring has another two or three that depend on the Jews who happen to live in isra they are considered the CLW is in the end of the first perus the says all the Jews so even if a whole city where you have tens of thousands of those living there and they need rain in the middle of the summer time so you don't say the same in you say the same then you say the same when y needs rain let's say never rains usually it's rare never rains in between what if one person needs rain for some reason or another he's allowed to ask for rain he's not asking for a miracle he can ask for rain but he says it in only say needs rain so what if you have you have t of thousands of Jews live there most of all the Jews who live in the of the is only applicable to those Jews who live in that depend that depend only applies to the Jews who live in the Jews who live in are considered so the full of Cl is only applied that's when Boran used to say the Jews who live in are not Jewish because he didn't believe in he writes in his autobiography that he's an atheist probably not true probably not an atheist he was always quoting the T in he set up probably whatever that's what he writes so he used to say the Jew not Jewish he didn't believe in so all there is a Jewish Nation so the Jewish Nation strictly speaking only applies to the Jews who live in Israel it's half true what what he said so this once the Jewish people came to even those who live in still a this I can say Kish for you if you don't know how to say I can even I was ready I can say Kish for you I can go in the hospital the old day to a second time I can read only began after they enter and there was a of a nation and it's one one one the only the only means they cousins uncles aunts they relate to each other they get along they don't get along different people go means it's as if as if it's one so that strictly speaking anyone who relates to Israel is part of that uh is part of that go some didm only apply to those who actually live in is several mitz some apply to those who relate to is for example has a he talks about reformed Jews beginning of the reform movement they left out everything in the C about turning back to they were Germans of the Jewish faith they didn't want to have anything to do with with ER Israel they left that all the corbon left that every mention of isra they didn't relate to Israel as our national Homeland so he says they're not part of he has a in ezar it's not has a real that the reformed Jews it didn't even believe that is our national Homeland that there's the goal to live in they're not part of at all even the partial part of in the end of the very last page in of all places there's a big dispute among the in the commentaries there if a person is a person's life a person is let's say there's an epidemic and someone is and am I obligated to take to help him out if I'm putting myself into aop Sak so that's a big so some say you're not allowed to you're not permitted to put your life into s to save someone else s others say you're permitted to but you're not obligated to and other say that that you're that you're obligated to said that his grandfather Sal pasin there was a kalera epidemic during his time and there were people who are absolutely said like that like the thir that the healthy people are to to take care of the sick people even though they're putting their lives in Risk you're obligated to put your life in Risk to they save someone else when you go to sometimes that's a color epidemic there's no enemy when you go to M when there's an enemy attacking the Jewish people so that's considered one of the you go to you go to war you know in advance that you stand a chance of being killed but there soldiers are killed in the war even if you have the best army in the world soldiers Lo they lost over over 700 soldiers now it's terrible in this war they lost someone just tell me before 770 soldiers lost their lives in this world that's terrible so the den is wanted there's no that the citizens of in the arm is any Jewish man over the age of 20 not supposed to draft in the Army before the age of 20 that's a POS in the beginning ofid only DFT in the Army from the age of 20 and up the has as far as is concerned the age ofz and doesn't punish until a person reaches the age of 20 then if he does after the age of 20 then then the would punish but the personality begins to be um formed crystallized at the age of 12 or 13 the girls the brain of the girls usually is fully grown not fully fully grown reaches his maximum size of the approximately age of 12 and the boy usually reaches its largest size in the age of 13 so that's how the responding to the biological fact the a girl becomes basz with the age of 12 and a boy becomes B mitz with the age of 13 some of the reform feel that that's discriminatory against the girls so they say the girl becomes bmz with the age of 13 that's stupid said the reason said the reason why the girl because my Mitzvah earlier because being the women mature earlier you look at young children the girls always mature before the boys the boys mature now when they're 17 18 when they're baritz have a lot of grandchildren they're not mature till way later the girls mature matly and the and the Brain reaches his maximum size by a girl at the age of 12 by a boy reaches the maximum size at the age of 13 corresponds to biology and it corresponds to development and the bz Shala doesn't punish unless the person does have after 20 20 the person is more the has certain that the age 20 is considered Godless when get a certain de so you're not supposed to DFT anyone into the army before the age of 20 so the so the den strictly speaking is all the Jewish men from the age of 20 and up you don't take a guy after the age of 60 he's too old so strictly speaking all the Jewish men over the age of 20 to serve in the Israeli Army that's a mitzah that's one of the 63 mitzvas Israeli government is not going to send uh a draft notice to them because the United Nations are closed down Israel what do you mean they're drafting the Jews all over the world you can only draft the citizens in your country but said there's no difference whether one is a citizen or not it's irrelevant if you were a citizen or not after the age of 20 we all to serve the gamor has a um a dispute among the Tano lastas we read so it says there a m a human dead body dead let's say if you you have the meat in the is a AA it's not doesn't didn't have a if you touch it but if it has a wrapper on it then you're not touching it there a hep but if he pick up they pick up the piece of even though it's wrapped in Ser paper or something that's human dead body Ace is not only if you're in the same room the ma is at the end of the room and I'm over here and there's a roof that goes over him and over me that's called there other forms of as well so there's a say so means a human being or only the Jewish people so that's a dispute in the days of the the famous whenever it says in the means the author of the The opinion and that's how usually assume like that doesn't agree but like that that because says and based on so that passage in theor caused much aggravation to the Jewish people over the centuries as if the Jewish people consider the non-jews as if they're non-human beings we treat them as human beings if they're out to kill us so we want we have to kill all of the to kill all of theas people but nice is certainly a human being what kind of a comment is that so it's attributed to different over the years the following explanation that in in Hebrew language there are different words how you say uh a person a man you say G so there's a singular G and there's a plural gim there's a singular is or there's a singular Enos one person and then the plural is that's the is and Theos then there's another singular but that's the same the sing and plural is the same so why don't we distinguish between the sing and the plural so that's what the different over the years said used to say the name of one certain they say the name of many different by the Jewish people the is the same and it's one it's one if one Jew doesn't havea the go will blame all the Jews all Jewish Nation if one Frenchman rapes a woman one chinan steals money you don't say all the Chinese French you don't blame the whole nation but by the Jewish people they do and rightfully so it's not that it's a double standard it is rightfully so because the whole Jewish people is considered one nation so that's what the different in the last 200 years different suggested that maybe that's what is driving at this idea that the singular and the by is the same word because represents the whole we read the PK a few weeks ago inish we have so the quotes this in the beginning of he says MIT this is one of the 63 means more than means to we always to take care of our we always pray for to take care of all of our needs but when there's a when there's a major s to the Jews in the ra writes even if there are only 10 Jews who live in and millions of Jews live in the 10 Jews are the is the millions of Jews are that's what the Rah writes the r writes if one the mitz of the was written originally in Arabic I don't know Arabic so I use the Hebrew translation everybody use ib's translation so in the translation it says like this I assume that's what it says in the original so it says in the Hebrew translation if one can visualize that there would be a Shah there would be a terrible uh um a terrible war and all the Jews and Earth so would be killed but there would be millions of Jews living in that he says the r violated his the ramam swore that clo will always exist not that they'll be survivors they'll be a lot all the Jews live in that's not the 10 Jews who live in that's the so if you have a that's considered so that's the whenever there's a there a MIT means extra extra special kept the Y he kept the diary his diary was print he wrote a diary in Hebrew was printed I remember when I was a little boy my father should had all these funny swarms I used to read between one and the other and they were making all the I used to read different swarm so uh one of them was the diary of the so when he lived so in his diary he writes a that he said on the occasion of that he prepared forz on the occasion different thing that he writes about different things that are happening in the world so he writes there he lived in prur in Hungary he was a but he got a r so he writes there was a m and the Jews all had to leave the city because of the war every single day of the war they said and they said the long every single day of the week they said the long years ago in the days of the T if it didn't rain until recently if it does rain s nothing is going to grow the people can die you need water to live in recent years they have a lot of younger RAB and the raban so around 20 years ago there was and that was saying the special so some of the younger ra and the r thought that we should beus so the old times the old Rabon were laughing at them making fun there's no Sak today we know how to desalinate the water there's no s it will cost money but it's not a s notus because you're going to have to spend a lot of money but years ago they used to beus because it was a real s and they saido they said they would be they would say many of you certainly have the three volumes of the so one of those volumes they write that during the first world war the died before the second world war on his deathbed the who were near him on his deathbed he said there's going to be a big Shah and they're going to kill a lot of Jews this is I think 33 something 1933 I think when he died he was an old old man when they wrote up his obituary in the New York Times they wrote that Holy Tad is 104 years old that's not true he wasn't 100 years old they knew he was very old so the was 104 there was a different recent year there was a rabbi coupleman from Switzerland who died I think in 106 or something like that when he visited uh Australia wants to raise money for his Isa and lucern so they wrote in all the newspaper Australia the oldest Rabbi in the world is visiting Australia he was over 100 at that time so he he was over 100 but died before so when he was on his deathbed he's like in the days of the people would die and the death but they would have to predict what's going to happen in the future said there's going to be a terrible show so the who there said what should we do they quoted the it's in one of the will be if he go to but they said all there they're anti-religious that the continues it'll become KES that's the one of the people who was there when the was dying was RAB kahanan who later on made the part of in P then he made after the war was over and that person is on the wall outside of the P that's what he heard from the on his death bed for the Jewish people because of the sh will take place in Earth so will become KES remember that's where said when he delivered a HP when his uncle passed away so he spoke about his uncle's learning how his uncle learned how unusual was and learning and then he said about Zionism they say my uncle was anti-zionist so he said I don't know if that's a good way to describe him because raik had a daughter who was married to ra Feinstein M Feinstein was a nephew of RA Feinstein so and they were related anyway because RAB salik's mother's maiden name was Feinstein rebellia Fein was R salik's other grandfather so r r salik's mother ra first cousins so um soin with his wife daughter lived in America for a few years they were first was together with in Boston they had a B medish for small group of young promising and then later when they closed that b Med and then he continued to teachin he was a neph and then spoke to them on a telephone and he said I give you one here to return back to Israel if you don't come back toel I will never talk to you again so he says I wouldn't call that an anti Zionist anti- Zionist they never going to talk to so they came back they came back in the in in the course of the year I but everybody thinks it was an anti- says no he says wasn't what he was dreaming it says sh everything will be exactly the way we were dreaming all the years and a and a but he said this this government benan this is not what we were dreaming about so was disappointed he was soured it's not that's not what we were dreaming about and then he said that's why they think my uncle was anti-zionist and my opinion is that the Torah has away forcing itself on the world like said it'll become the says become we hope we pray should become so the when even if there only 10 Jews who live in that's considered even if only 10 Jews and millions of Jews living in consider so the ra says doesn't mean to say we say someone has a belly ache when someone has needs a an operation they say till him that's all you do you say till him there's a war going on people are killed every day their people people are losing their limbs their legs their arms terrible you have to do something more than that and many of the isas and many of the army bases they blow they have it's hard to make in the previous Wars they didn't have not so easy they to make silver have to be made from Silver so they blow they we say we after and after every day even on shabas it says but except for why so it says that's the that's when the is is 24 hours a day every single day every single day people are being killed Jewish people are being killed so we part of the din of is what it says in the about tempt you have a lot of I think over 60,000 from T who don't want to join the Army they're scandalous you have a lot of religious people who claim that they're learning in yeshivas a lot of them already in business for for many years they used to learning in Yesa that's scandalous that's scandalous why should my son-in-law my son-in-law knows how to learn better than all of these guys put together my son-in-law my son-in-law is in as a grandfather already and he still they called him up on Sim and he went to the Army and his group he he's already went a second time after U after PES so in his group they thought they were only going to be there for 50 days so they made up many of them are learned observing people they made up they're going to make a they're going to learn try to learn an day a day is imp they only have 15 20 minutes that's free to learn so they someone donated kimaris for all those who want to learn and every day they try to do oned gim so by the end of the 50 days they will make us see him then they were told to have to stay another 20 days so he said it's a good thing because some of the pages in makas are not so easy so they didn't understand it so now they're going to have time toaz then they're going to have a party a when they when they finish they're going to finish Mak not such a big m not so easy not not so not so hard but it's not so easy they planned it out in advance it's a beautiful thing like an army like in the days of the army the says the Army will be successful in battle I have three married daughters who live in her one of them lives in in ranana so the sh with my son- inlaw davin's every day they have a big there and he showed me he's about to publish a saer as very very beautiful he doesn't need my he's a very big so he has three units to the sa the third unit is about whether biva should be drafted in the Army he says the whole thing is a mistake he quotes the whole thing is based on a misreading of the ra and the end where everybody always thought that the ra says shid Ley was never DED in the Army because shid Le is supposed to be and supposed to be the international of is so everybody misread the r that sh Le was never drafted in the Army and any person who volunteers that he wants to learn all day he volunteers to join the C becomes an honorary member is also not drafted in the Army so so he quotes from our her many many the ra never said that the ra says any nonew he doesn't talk about Jewish people not if he's telling you that is not drafting I'm should have put in when he tells you whom you draft in the he doesn't put in he said over there that and any any non who volunteers to learn the tah there certain parts of Torah that they're not allowed to learn certain parts of Tor they are allowed to learn called any non who wants to learn is also said is not drafted into the army during the first world war a group of kohanim England uh requested from the British government that they should be Exempted from the draft because they're not allowed to be and in the war if you're in the Army you're going to always be in touch with the dead bodies so the government transmitted the sh to the chief Rabbi who trans Gave Over the sh to the was always so at that time they wrote a it's drafted in the Army what do you mean the whole shed in the Army even of permitted to take a only one is allowed to take is one is in the Army if not in the Army you can't take of course in the Army so he in this new saer that this his name is R very nicely written saer the whole saer but the third section the third chunk of the saer is all about B he explains that this whole thing is a mistake no should have it's interesting was the for many years he was I remember when I was a student in we were students in Isa there was a rabbi in TI Rabbi marelis you remember the name Rabbi marelis so he was a grandson Ofna and he said the family tradition has it that his grandfather was the M he checked after they set the type he checked to make sure that everything's correct and the family tradition has it he didn't check against another gimar he knew everything word for word letter for letter so he just read the way they said to he read and if it corresponded to what he remembered he checked it so I added on I added on that every so often there's a misprint there's a mistake in the v that only a l could make it's usually in Rashi notar they'll have a shin instead of a instead of Ain because the L mispronounce they say instead of saying B Med they say B they switch The Shins in the so this wrote a Fant he was he was a genius he writes about his older brother he was the genius in must have been a super was a genius so he has a so in a saer he has a table of contents he writes in this chapter I discuss the following if the Boran is a he can't lay on shabas because you don't d to the Army because not allow and that women are not obligated to hear because is only a mitvah if they're supposed to draft you into the arm so we want you to know that you have to go so the women are not drafting into the arm said they don't have toy they can't be the so he writes this in two lines and the table of contents and he says but I deleted the whole chapter because my brother told me that it's all wrong his brother told me drafted in the Army it's a the F that's like like the chief Rabbi said in England on the occasion of the first world war you have to pray to theom usually not allowed to pray for a m says in you're not permitted to ask for a miracle but says that when we recite the Min is that you say you're not obligated to on you're obligated to because on but there's no so you're not to recite but the is that you do recite it it doesn't constitute a so the says but what if a person forgot to say he certainly doesn't have to repeat the because he didn't really have to say it in the first place so but the meaning is that after you say that's the end of the he say at the end of the benching so you say a lot of added so he says you should add on and then you say the whole so on so the commentary is on the bottom of the page M says you're not permitted to pray for a miracle I remember the first time we visited is we married for a while we didn't have any children so we thought maybe if we'll visit ER we'll be blessed with children then we were blessed with nine children there without any uh medical assistance had nine healthy children so I remember the first time so we spent the week inra because my wife's grandfather at the end of his life uh was very friendly with P from Europe before the war so he moved there so I used to DAV every day so one day they were daving and they they wanted to say after one of the boys in the had cancer so they wanted to say so everybody's looking there's some kind of in thein he was an old man he looked like he's over 100 years old he was very short he could be he was when he was younger he could be he was very tall I only know him for that occasion he's very short and he didn't want to say till him and then is very tall leans down and they carry on a conversation then the M agreed is going to say everybody want to know what was the P all about so the M said how can you say till him the doctor say he's going to die he can't ask for a miracle you're not allowed to ask for a miracle soovi said no they say he has the same degree cancer that Soo had and Soo survived already more than five years so but they have cure they have cures that will extend your life so said okay if it's we're allowed to pray but you're not allowed to ask if someone is not you can ask on the person sometime means you should die in peace shouldn't have to suffer at the end but you can't ask to is going to die so that's what the how can you say how can ask permitted to pray for a miracle so the commentaries on the bottom of the page say that if it's a you permitted to ask and even if it's a on behalf of all of is you are permitted to because the whole existence of the Jewish people and the continued existence of the Jewish people everything is that's called the Jewish people the history of the Jewish people is not everything is and says none of them should be able they shouldn't have been able to have any children so all come to existence of the Jewish people then the continued existence of the Jewish people was with Nim and you speak to the soldiers now they tell you every single day they're in Nim in Army when they sent how many Rockets did Iran send and no one no one Jew was scratched it's impossible it's impossible and that they had on chabas when they took out the four uh captives uh just a couple of weeks on chabas people told me there was a bigger nest than a a was a nest this was a bigger nest this a bigger nest and how they PL all unbelievable even a genius couldn't figure that everything is so we should pray should who the is and who the is and there's a special when you have you have to have not only you have to have z z means something much more than if we'll D in more and we'll learn more we'll be a