Daf Yomi Bava Metzia Daf 60 by R’ Eli Stefansky

[Music] Chicago a 10-year-old girl she should have her for SLO the for the and spe return of all theages the last day that come from supporting have tremendous bu and all my endeavors [Music] on the fourth yard side of our beloved Tui who sadly lost his fight to his illness was never able to get married and see future Generations may be a m y for his family his friends and the whole of Cl Ro we shouldn't know from suchus for the art anonymous for healthy b child birth and for his daughter and a healthy baby we're at the tail end of per we are going to begin the famous peric of we have a few days of almost like a easy stuff into and then the business start stuff starts coming up the interest is about interest beautiful stuff we're holding by the the bottom of so somebody comes and says I want to buy fruit from this field so you have to give it from this field you can't give him wheat from another field mix the two Wheats from a little bit of this field a little bit of that even if it's fresh off the tree off the ground certainly Raj explains that older wheat produces more flour so certainly you cannot mix newer crap with the older crap that that has more flour it provides more flour explain means this is the anytime says means there's no arguing on this I wanted to show you the battle bottle that AB rener gave me for PES and I drank it I actually drank it today last night the by me stopped drinking wine it was only me basically me and my wife all stuff but on the bottle it says it's not M the same thing but in our days you can see like 80% it's this great 10% it's low you know or 5% it's p whatever it is to mix different types of wine strong maybe means together with ra Mero I don't know the they had stronger grapes and not as strong because putting in the stronger grape makes it a better wine so that's M to do if he tells you he wants the weaker grapes the the weaker wine and you add the stronger one it's good for the it makes it a better wine another the sediments of one wine should not be mixed into another wine the is going to explain the simple the goes into it and back and forth but the bottom line is it's the way it sounds almost you cannot take sediment from one wine and put it into another wine but you if the sediment of this wine is even outside of the bottle or the barrel you put it back in because it came from that Barrel especially in the time of the when they used to dilute the wine was very strong that's another way for them to even drink water they would dilute it with water usually like a third water so if you already diluted it if you have a store selling wine you shouldn't sell it in your store if you notify people hey it's already diluted then you you're permitted but don't sell it to to the wholesaler even if you tell him what you did why he doesn't care he's going to take your wine he's going to sell it off as if it's undiluted wine he's going to cheat people says that's the to add water you could do so another the wholesaler you take from five different greeneries here we go picture time here's a silo a modern day Silo a very large one basically this is where you store your wheat here's more of an ancient Silo so the the tiger could take from five different grains and he puts it this is how he stores it so when he sells it off there some sort of mixture and that's fine people expect that from him you can take from five different barrels one giant Cask something as follows don't intend to mix it up you just you put it in like this but you you're not trying to to cheat people by telling people oh I have this is the good wine it's not you just this is how it is this is my wine in other words the bottom line is you don't tell people it's from one place it's one one grape it's one grain people should understand that you're a wholesaler and you you receive receiv it from different places so if the new wheat is cheap for a certain amount you pay four and the older crab which produces more flour is more expensive it's three certainly you cannot cheat him you can't take from the the the cheap and put it into and pretend it's expensive even if it's reversed the new is more expensive you don't mix it up why I'm giving you something more expensive well this is not the reason the reason why it's more expensive sometimes the newer crap is more expensive even though it produces less is because people want the newer crab so they could store it and they it will last longer the bottom line is that a newer crab each thing has a pro and a con the newer crab lasts longer the older crab produces more flour if I ask you for newer crop don't give me the older crop I don't care about the flour I care about Longevity if I ask you for the older crab don't give me a new crab because I don't care about longevity I care about the produce what it's going to produce so I don't care about price now three four do not mix up but said in truth you can mix different wines this they said anytime in you will hear these words that's this that says that you're allowed to mix the strong wine with the weaker wine is talking about the season of mixing there was certain days of the year that would get together and they would mix it then you can do so how is it today in our day that they mix the wine even though it's not the season to mix or to make wine it's at the season of producing wine because people know and because this goes like anything that you can taste there's a head to mix because let the person taste it if he likes this wine he'll take it if not not what's going on so it seems very simple but makes the whole thing out of it it seems like from the you cannot mix siment then it says you could maybe perhaps says let's try out a different not the simple maybe the is give the stim means that he notifies at the end of the Miss talks about notifying not notifying in the of beginning doesn't mention at all anything about notification so it seems like you don't have to notify so the bottom line is this do not mix yesterday's barrel with today's barrel and today's Barrel yesterday's in other words this is very important it's not about yesterday and today it's about do not mix two barrels you can take from here and go and take from here and mix the sediments of this barrel with itself do not mix two barrels why is it called it yesterday and today to show you that we're talking about two separate barrels where you could put the SS even if they're outside of the barrel the sediments are here you could put reintroduce them into the barrel and that's okay if somebody pours wine really really slow so what's going to happen all the sediment is going to remain on the bottom so he remains with sediment do not mix yesterday's Barrel today today with yesterdays you can mix the siment of this barrel with this Barrel yesterday's Barrel today's Barrel today's Barrel yesterday's Barrel yesterday's barrrel that's okay if you have water mixed into your wine you should not sell it in the store unless you notify says story they brought wine he diluted it we had according to one best diluting he knew how to diluted in a very special way he tasted it have a it wasn't good wine return I don't want it give me a full return how can you return to the store to the wholesaler is also to return to the store even if you notify him because it's just going to resell it as is and cheat the customers my dilution everybody can recognize in other words it's very light I put a lot of water in there and you cannot sell it as undiluted wine so maybe the owner will add more wine to it and make the diluted wine less noticeable again re buys a bottle of wine let's say he adds 50% water so now everybody knows oh it's diluted comes the owner and adds more wine to that botle so now the dilution is not 50% now it's only less than a third let's say so people won't realize like that says rash beautiful if so you cannot sell somebody a bottle of water why because if you sell a bottle of water maybe the guy will add a bunch of wine to it and sell it you can't worry that somebody's going to add wine you could worry that somebody will sell it as this he receives a product and he pretends he doesn't know that's diluted and he sells it as is but he he cannot worry that people will add more wide to the diluted product that we're not concerned about in a place that they add water to wine pered to do so whatever it is 50% a third a quarter you're allow to add this water while it's the season to mix the wines a owner of a Vineyard of a of a wine company calls his children final moments in life and he tells them he says listen I want to tell you a secret if you ever run out of ingredients for the wine when you have no choice you could also use grapes reminded by this you could put 50% water it's another joke a guy a guy goes to a a Wine Maker's home and he's making Kish there so like they add a couple drops so the guy screams not St St you put one more drop it's possible you have R water don't do [Music] that very interesting it's user for store owner to to give out treats to the children candy cotton candy toys time of the gor was bunch of nuts the child has a choice the parents give him money to go go go buy wine so he goes to the store that gives out candy he's not going to go to the other guy so you're hurting the other guy's business you hear what what's going on here so we have to think about it how that applies to us and does it apply to us lck they say it's m why's going to explain let the other guy give better treats was it that's how it is but it makes you think for a second what about marketing what about sales and that's what the Miss is going to discuss you cannot charge Less in the market are stores that do that they charge Less in the market on certain products and then you come to the store and then they get you on other products do this crazy sale get three bottles of grape juice for a dollar but once you're there you're buying all your PES product there is that if he's breaking the market great he gets a now everybody's going to gain from it says the you're not allowed to take the from the crushed beans to take out the the stuff that's not edible and make as if you have a nice product [Music] here this I noticed a lot in St at least you buy stra strawberries so they sell them in this plastic container on top they're beautiful red ones sometimes if you pick it up and you look in the bottom there's a bunch of rotten ones there so what they do is you know they have a lot of strawberies to get rid of so they take and that's what nice on and they put them on the bottom then they cover the top not not the same guy spoke about maybe whatever got into a lot of trouble the thing went viral okay not trouble but people sent me sure you want the no B I'm like I don't want to go viral no but it is what it is fine I was hoping they wouldn't really know what I'm talking about this is there are at least four stores major stores there two stores that sell only fruits and vegetables but anyway they used to have a guy on Friday selling out outside it might be the same people but it's AER to put on the top the top level mura the top shelf to show the the the nicer stuff as if that's what the whole product is that's stealing from the eye you cannot beautify is gonna explain beautify slave A N Slave so you should look good you sell him and you don't beautify an animal today a CLE would be like a car could you go to a nice Z the car wash wax the car really well take out a couple of dents and pretend that it's you know this car was in a rollover accident and you do a few things a few tricks and all it looks like a brand new car is that M says the M you cannot beautify products let's see what we can't just passing Bas on mishna but it it teaches you something you got to think before you sell something off as if it's a beautiful brand new thing why do say that it's permitted to give out candy we have to understand why it's I'm only giving you out this cheap candy if you really want so look at Rashi on the bottom Rashi shis prunes I guess in French they call it prunes prish Don't Look Down at me that I'm giving out candy you could also give out candy you can give out ice cream this is a store I'm not going to say anymore because it's going to go viral there's a store furniture store they have this uh ice coffeee machine and all sorts of great treats for children so you just have to spend like $5,000 and you get a free iced coffee kind of thing for your CH Child G Valic but Meanwhile your children are sling you to buy furniture you get free ice coffee [Music] you could lower the price because you're breaking the market it's good we don't want monopolies and and high prices this guy is causing the price to drop we just turned to s b sponsored by kidovations in order of my [Music] uncle official motivat in honor of the foring for the daily learning the brothers for of our grandfathers I know you're thinking coming up looking forward top cannot take out the crushed beans that you're not g to be selling since everybody sees what you're doing I see let's say in the store you know they sell the the nuts and everything so let's say you have uh peanuts with the uh the red peel on top or whatever it's called the shell so you know the guy goes and he he he organizes in a way that it looks nice and and it looks edible looks good that's the top part which we said we shouldn't really do but it's something that [Music] happens you should not here this is a great picture of M basically to have its HA stand up stand out so looks like larger bigger you don't blow up the intestines and you don't you don't let the meat um not rinse not put meat in cold water is called Mark what's the word not soak yeah soak Maybe you don't soak the meat in water to make it a different color makes the makes maybe the uh Dem marbleization of the steaks it makes it pop whatever it does you don't do that today there's another I just thought about something else today one of the tricks they to do is that they soak the meat in water so it absorbs water so now when you're selling it by the weight it's much heavier and I'll tell you on the package 30% water they actually inject it with the water says [Music] is to give the animal this brand water makes it here stand you comb it in a way that the hair stands and therefore it looks like a larger animal so now we're have a number of things that allowed people to do to add silk to the coat to use starch on some of the garments over there sat to I'm just quoting the the art scroll here beat the canvas whatever that means you're trying to do something to enhance your product to make it look good to paint sorry means to paint like a picture in Hebrews called salum to paint G G is arrows you could paint the baskets ask you're not allowed to beautify a person animal or so how can you beautify these Cale you're allow to beautify new new Caleb you know another thing I remember that in the fruit store in America at least they take apples and they wax them you ever notice like they're really shiny they go through a machine something special there show not so much into that but this idea of taking something new and you know putting the lights on the car you know from the top then the smell and the whole thing okay when it's new it's m when it's older just take a car beat up and and Bondo it and and and and then you put it through the car wash you pretends a beautiful almost that's a problem what's considered beautifying a human being the there was a very old slave he went and he dyed his hair and his beard he looked young so before I forget is a m for a Jew Jewish man to dye his beard to dye his hair so one of the problems with that you have to ask your local Rabbi it's problematic why something called it's something that women do and this is act like a woman now they usually don't dye their beards they dye their hair now if it's something that's really embarrassing like a young guy he has white hair and he's embarrassed by it imagine an 18-year-old I know somebody like that Al has white hair part of his head is white so I think there's a header for that and again I'm not passing I'm just throwing things out if you do it to fool somebody let's say you do it because you want to look 20 years younger and get a certain job that's AER in terms of the L I think it's problematic but ask your local Rabbi there certain for so this slave he's a non-jewish slave so he really doesn't have that problem I don't think like a woman but they have to maybe he was a GU at the time anyway he wanted to sell himself to a Jewish person please bu meash this is It's better that I shall hire Jewish help yeah it's you saw it anyways in life if you can hire Jewish help I know sometimes it's hard to hire Jewish help why because Jews always know better than you they always want to take over your business also not always but a lot of times it's problematic but you should hire them anyway should try to give so R tells them I'm sorry I'm not I'm not buying you I rather use Jewish labor give the give the per to to poor people poor you and we see that actually saved him say water so now he's a slave of Papa so papa says I'm really ask please get me a cup of water he goes and he washes out the Dy from his head and his beard and then he comes to me says look I am older than your father treat me with a little respect you're telling me to get you a cup of water what's wrong with you please buy me please buy me and then as soon as he asked him for just a cup of water nothing major I didn't say plow my fi I said get me a cup of water I could be your father I'm older than your father I could be your grandfather was saved from came instead of him and I fell for it ah here we are unbelievable I'll start off with a joke there is a guy who inherited a very large inheritance so his friends told him listen the first piece of advice that we could give to you is if anybody comes with returns that are too good to be true do not invest so he said okay he says like someone comes in and says we'll give you 20% returns run run for your life it's impossible it's too good to be true you run so a guy comes to and says listen I have this unbelievable business 20% return he says no no no I can't can't invest so the guy he says why he says they told me too good to be true I don't invest okay comes back to the next day he says listen same business but I'm not going to give you 20% I'm only going to give you 10% returns oh 10% they didn't say 10% that sounds like that that's already good so boy say if you are like this guy that you might not enjoy if you get the simple basic concepts of business it's very enjoyable so far I had a very good time I'm three D into it and it's galv so it happens to be the second day of wherever you are it depends where you are exactly the laning was it's a tremendous kiss from we're talking about of money the idea of Interest there's a peric about interest and it happens to be that interest surrounds us on our daytoday dealings in so many different ways especially if you live in a you have neighbors and uh we discussed this they borrow milk they borrow uh plastic bowls let's say uh they borrow a package that's open and they return a package that's closed that has the full amount that could be Rivers especially if you're borrowing money from a Jewish Bank well here in Chicago a good friend Lis colum has a has a bank Jewish bank there's another Jewish bank here in Chicago in all the banks are Jewish so how does that work did you know that if you do AIS one way to get away with round ribbers is to do AIS well if you don't know how AIS works it could be your on ribus you have to know how it works in order to dois it's not just signing the document sometimes you purchase something and there's a special there's two prices if you pay me in cash it's one price if you pay me a credit card is another price could be an issue of ribbers what about if you pay it all up in advance or with payments so here's another one let's say you rent I'm in the rental business right I rent unit Apartments to people if somebody pays late he gets a fine he has to pay certain amount of money per day that he's late there's a few days maybe that you don't have to pay but after like you're late three four five days to start paying is that [Music] ribus the bottom line is that ribus is everywhere it's all around us and there's a lot of very very interesting sh the gar tells us that those who lend with ribus and the is ribus is to borrow also so the is is on the lender and the borrower and it's a very very interesting because you're not doing anything wrong you're helping the guy out the guy wants to BU money you're helping him he he wants to invest the money and he's willing to pay you interest you can rent him a car that's not a problem but to rent him your money is the problem the the idea behind the whole rivus is Hashem wants us to lend our fellow Jew money without taking interest to make it easier for him is only to a those who do lend with ribus the Compares them to to Killers to interesting that it's the it says that Mal ribus is similar because we're in P now it's like if you don't believe in if you do ribus then you're it says on the flip side if you help another yid by giving him a non-interest loan so then you have the will bless you okay so with that being said let's jump into it so take a look at the POS for a second you shall not not take from him what are these two words means to bite so you are a snake you're biting the borrower tarbus means to increase what you have the is going to tell us that these two things are actually the same it's a dou or but they mean the same exact thing from the Mish doesn't seem like that the Mish tries to to give us another example with TUS and so let's see what it is what's the when it comes to lending money so somebody lends a s a sell is only worth as you can see here four but he lent it four five okay I'm giving you four you have to return five that's rib why because there something called rib see we can find it here okay something called ribis means let see I forgot to do all the uh the this of course because there's not a lot of time from after my until she so hopefully we'll get it in tomorrow probably not a good day tomorrow have to give before so means when you decide up front I'm giving you four you give me back five that's C determined predetermined what you're paying back so again rib means that as alone I'm giving you four as alone you're returning back five it's determined to begin with what it is that's is or the same thing applies with food you have to give me back three also you are biting into the into the borrower tus what's a case of tarus which we call ribus tarus okay so you make you you gain with fruit so there a number of things that we should be discussing and and that is many times you give the store money give a guy money and based on the money that you give him he gives you he provides you with fruit throughout the year now if the price of the fruit goes up and he provides you the same amount of fruit that he promised to begin with that could be a problem of ribus you give him in the beginning of year $100 for 100 PB and the price of a p pound went up to $2 a pound so now it's worth $200 but you only gave him1 so basically you lent him $100 he took the money up front and he's using your money throughout the year he's doing business with it but because he's using the money he he agrees to give you double the amount or double the value well there's two conditions that could get you out of this one is called G we actually discussed it recently when we were discussing Yes means if you have this in stock if you can provide this guy that gave you $100 you can provide him today with his 100 pounds but you do a favor and you just give it to him throughout the year that's okay also we need just means that there's 's a price right now there's the market price and it's stable and it's good you have these two things together he has the fruit then you could take a contract on fruit future fruit so it says like this how does thisis work see if we can find it yeah so we're talking now on something calledo alares contract on fruit so he said okay I want a c it's amount of wheat for a dinnner of which is 25 here you see 25 silver coins and that's what the current market is oh but the price of wheat went up more now wheat is higher in price it cost 30 silver coins the guy who made the deal he says tell can I please have my wheat I want to buy some wine what do you want to do you said you want you want the wheat because you want to buy wine guess what I also have wine so let's do this I will give you 30 coins worth of wheat but let's transfer the wheat into wine but you know what I'm not going to give you the wine today I'm give you the wine next month the problem is that the wine could go up in value so says [Music] the so oh let's see some of these charts I don't want to miss any of Yoshi's charts we'll go back get back to this case in a second because he has a chart you borrowed one cell that's worth four to give back five that's the right oh and here's the case that we're talking about tus he says please give me one qu of wheat for one golden coin now the price of wheat went up to 30 so he says you know what instead of me giving you wheat I'll give you 30 worth of wine but wine not that it went up in price it could go up in price and therefore this is get the case please give me my wheat so you guys says Okay I I I realize I owe you wheat worth 30 let's transfer the thir into wine but I'm not going to give you wine because I could give you wine right now then that's something called yes so if I don't have the wine that's anoy that's where it becomes a problem yeah if he has the wine that's yes so I don't have to provide it to you today since I have it I can give it to you tomorrow I could give it you today so I'll just delay till tomorrow if I don't have it that's where the problem occurs he doesn't have it so by me giving you wine tomorrow next week when the price could potentially go up there's a problem with Riv explains the gamar it's simple stuff don't get nervous simple stuff now from the fact jumps from the says and the Mna didn't explain tarus as a separate case of a case it wanted to explain the case so obviously andus are one and the same [Music] so what's going on here but the but in the P it says two different things see we can find the P not really in order oh here it says is that the person we looking for no this is all forget this was so maybe POS before yeah let's use this one do you really think there's something called where the borrower gets stung and the lender doesn't increase his net assets tyus means that the lender gain means that the borrower lost is it possible to have one without the other attempts to show that perhaps it's possible impossible if one gains the other one loses and vice versa how's it possible the borrower loses when the lender doesn't get so Yoshi did a nice thing here let me get to it let's say he lent money 100 and he says I want back 120 so he goes oh it's backwards hold on really should be this way like this I'm going to pretend it says the Mal gives the at the time was 100 I think just the top is messed up he lent him 100 for 120 so for for one Dan in other words if we going to look if we're going to view the silver as you can see over here at the time one silver coin was worth 100us at the time when he returned the money on the bottom it was worth one silver coin is worth 120 but in terms of silver that's prevailing currency silver the malva didn't gain anything he's still getting back one silver coin happens to be that a silver coin costs 120 of copper coins so do we view the time of the loan at the time the loan is 100 and now based on the time of the loan right now you got back 120 [Music] in the beginning was worth 100 for one silver coin then he got it back coin he bit the L the L loses why because the L has to pay 120 he got 120 he took from him 120 even though he only received 100 but the didn't gain anything didn't gain because he he lent One D and he took back One D says at the end of the day if you're G to look at the at the time of the loan then the lost and the Mal gain but if you're looking at when he paid back he didn't lose anything and he didn't gain anything let's go to the next case how is [Music] there yeah just pretend it says I think he says I'm lending you 100 and give me back 100 in the beginning you could get for you could get one Dan for 100 in other words it's more than a you with 100 coins you're only able to buy one Dan now you can get more once again you're going to go by by time of the loan you don't have the are both didn't lose and they didn't G how can you separate the losing and the Mala not gaining if the loses the Mala gain if you're going to go by the beginnings go both the Mala and the in the beginning you're going to go by the end so both the and the at the end they both didn't lose so then what's the what happened so we're trying to get to this point there just one more L there is no such thing as without without and why separate them and put them in in the as two different words to tell you that when you lend money or bar money you the you the Mala The Bu and the lender are both over on two separate lab have a week have a wonderful day we'll see you tomorrow bright and early