CHAZARAH - Menachos Daf 68 | "Nothing but the Daf" with R' Eli Stefansky

[music] >> GOOD MORNING, RABBIS. >> [screaming] >> GOOD MORNING, RABBIS. WE'RE GOING TO START TOMORROW live in Miami. So, we're going to see the sugi today of yashan and chadash. So, in in the Mishnah discussing the sound of Zion and the base we learned yesterday that the way it works is the new crop barley, wheat, the chametz meaning you cannot eat the new crop until the second day of Pesach when Israel brings a carbon, they bring a minchas omer. That minchas omer allows you to eat the new crop. What happens when there's no base hamikdash? We don't bring omer, so so so so then what? The mar is going to discuss. Listen to this. This is a machlokes in the Mishnah that we learned yesterday. You can't Could you even touch the crop? Could you even cut the tvoa? So, we saw Reb Meir says no, you're not allowed to. Because if you cut the crop, you might eat it. And eating it is what? It's a deoraisa. Says Reb Yehudah, Reb Yehudah omer betzach chachamim oiyes. It's not a problem. It's not a problem to to to to cut it and why? We're not concerned you're going to eat it. Okay. So, the Gemara asks the question, I'm just repeating what we we learned yesterday. This is the shita of Reb Yehudah that you could reap the chadash and we're not concerned you're going to eat it. Chachamim say you're not allowed to reap it. Why? Because you might come to eat it. So, yesterday we asked the question from chametz, from bedikas chametz. Oh, yeah, that's a good point. The bedikas chametz the halacha is if you didn't do bedikas chametz the first night, remember these are on Yom I'm going to show you something that's it's it's mind-boggling, mind-boggling. If you don't do bedikas chametz the night before you do it in the morning of erev Pesach. If you don't do it then, you do it up until 6 hours into Pesach. But not further. Reb Yehudah says you can't do it longer than that. Why? Because you might come to eat the chametz. Let's say you're looking, you find a piece of cake, you might eat the cake. All of a sudden Reb Yehudah is concerned if you're holding a piece of cake in your hand, you might eat it. How come he's not concerned by the chadash? If you hold If you're holding in your hand the new crop, you might come to eat it. So, that's the contradiction. You see, the bottom the top box is talking about chadash, he's not concerned, it's green. The bottom box looking around for chametz, you might find a nice cookie or something, that he is concerned. What's the difference? In fact, the Gemara says we have the same exact question on chachamim in reverse. Why? Because when it comes to chadash, the box is red, they say you can't touch the chadash. But when it comes to the to the chametz, he says they say you could check for chametz. Okay. So, on that we had a answer yesterday. The last words of amud beis. Omer Rav Ashi chadash betzli tarteloi lo yehei keitov zachor. Because you're not allowed to cut chadash with the What is it called? The round tool? Sickle. The sickle. You're not allowed to use the sickle. >> [clears throat] >> You have to use your hands. So, when you use your hands, that's your way to remember, oh, why can't I use the sickle? Because it's because it's chadash. I'm not allowed to eat I'm not allowed to not allowed to touch it at all. Omer Rav Ashi beya. So, we're holding in amud alef two lines from the top. Daf sameach sameach alef. Omer Rav Ashi teinach tzira tchina var kodem lemeimar. When it comes to grinding the the wheat and sifting the flour, how come over there we're not concerned? What what What is he doing differently? When when it comes to reaping, he's not using a sickle. But when he's doing the tchina and the harkada the sifting, what is he doing differently to remind him that it's chadash produce and not yashan? Holy cow, Ashi says the Gemara. Tchino berechai deoda. Typically speaking, how do you grind? Use something like this, rabbis. Oh, beautiful. It's a machine. It turns the mill. And you get flour. We tell him, no, no, you can't use the machine. You have to use something like this. This is the hand one, right? This is the upgraded version for today. This is a a basket on top of the wheat. It turns it and catches the handle. Give up. Okay. We're making work harder. Work harder. He's thinking to himself, why am I working harder? Oh, cuz it's chadash. So, he's not going to come eat it. Now, what about sifting? Harkada agavi napa. The harkada usually, how does it work? Usually take a sifter, you pour the flour, looks like a cup and the sifter is on the bottom. Oh, let me drink this and I'll show you. Okay. Now, he's going to do the opposite. He's going to turn the cup upside down and he's going to sift from this part. Much harder to sift this way. Let's see. That's how you typically sift, right? In Israel at least. I don't know how they do it there. That's called harkada. I get it. Slow me down a little bit, sugar. Harkada means like to dance. Oh, so now he showed it. Kobe, I think, did this where the uh the sifter is upside down and the flour is on the other side. Great. So, since you're doing it the opposite way since you're doing it the opposite way then you're reminded that it's chadash. Says Gemara beis hashlochin the shaarit tzira. Gemara asks a question. Beis hashlochin. There used to There's two types of fields. There's a field that that uses rainwater. There's a field that needs extra help and needs it needs it to be irrigated. And we're going to show you a video how it's done. Shibcha amokim. You're in the valleys. The halacha is kotzrim beis hashlochin. Kotzrim, you can use a sickle. Why? Because the wheat over there is of inferior quality. So, we allow you to use the sickle. You're not going to use it for the omer. You're allowed to You're allowed to use a sickle. The question is, aval lo goitzin and you're not allowed to pile it up. Michael and me omer. You're telling me that the whole reason why you're allowed to use you're allowed to cut the chadash is because I have something to remind me that it's chadash. What is What's reminding me? I'm not using a tool. I'm using my hands. Over here you're allowed to use a tool. So, what's reminding you? Oh, basically to get an irrigation, what is it called? You should know. Canal. A canal. Irrigation canal, maybe? All the way to your field. Once you get it there, so now the wheat can grow and you're allowed to use a sickle. So, the question is, if you're using a sickle, how do you remember not to eat the chadash? Elo Omer Abaya chadash batel minei. The answer is the chadash So, says the Gemara, very good. Says Abaya chadash batel minei. People don't eat chadash. You hear this? People in the back of the day didn't eat chadash. And therefore, they'll be careful not to eat. Chametz [snorts] lo batel minei. When it comes to the the chametz, since they eat donuts all year round, if a guy finds a donut there in Yom Tov, he might eat take a good bite out of it. Omer Rava Reb Yehudah Reb Yehudah kashya derabanan derabanan lo kashya. So, this I showed you before. I preempted this question. Here it is again. Nobody's paying attention, but it's okay. The people that are watching this series are going to be paying attention. We said this is a contradiction with Reb Yehudah. On the one hand, by chadash he says that you could deal with it, you could you could reap it. But by chametz he's very careful, he says he can't do bedika. Why is it not a question according to chachamim? I'm only talking to you. Let's get everybody. According to chachamim who say that it's assur to to deal with chadash, you're not allowed to reap it. How come it is by chametz they say you're allowed to do a bedika? Yeah? So, says the Gemara Elo Omer Rava Reb Yehudah Reb Yehudah lo kashya kashanino. We already answered why it's not a concern Reb Yehudah Reb Yehudah. Why? Because we said the chametz he's used to it, so he might eat from it. Derabanan derabanan lo kashya atzmo chazal lo sarif umakhlaminai. It's not a question according to chachamim because if a guy is looking he's searching for chametz. Why is he searching with a with a flashlight and a and a candle for chametz? So, that he could burn it. So, all of a sudden he's going to take a bite out of it? That makes no sense. Rav Ashi omer Rav Ashi said this this comes in This Rav Ashi is bringing us to beautiful lines. Like a god of Torah. The Rav Ashi Rav Ashi omer Reb Yehudah Reb Yehudah lo kashya kama chalitna. We're talking about roasted flour. And roasted flour is not edible. And mamila I have no concern cuz it's roasted flour. Ba hadar Rav Ashi bedusihi. It's almost like a joke. Listen to this. Who wrote the Shas? Who wrote Who wrote Who put together Shas? Ravina Rav Ashi. Ravina Rav Ashi. Rav Ashi is writing about himself? That's a bedusa. It seems like he wrote it himself. And and and like I never think away. So, this that Rav Ashi said it's not somebody else. He's writing about himself. Well, unless it was written in later generation, which also is a possibility. Ba hadar Rav Ashi berusa hi or bedusa hi, it's a joke. Teinach I get it. If the flower is roasted, nobody eats roasted flowers, not edible. I don't call it why do I allow the guy to reap it when it's whole? People used to eat it. They used to take a they used to nibble at it. Right from the field. Right from the field. It's you never tasted it. Neither did I, but it's supposedly it's very good. Unlike a ripe olive, ripe wheat is very good. So what are you going to say? Oh, we we don't allow you to reap it. Only by hand. So then why is it permitted to do zero in the with a sickle? Where's the Where's the How is he going to remember that it's harvest? So is not correct in that case. Once the comes in the big house and you put it on the big house everybody's permitted to eat the new crop. They're allowed to eat the harvest. I'll tell you something. What if you don't live in the same you live far away, you live in America. So when comes you could assume that that in the they already brought the harvest and maybe you're allowed to eat the new crop. Anybody knows what the means? What's that? Oh, you're learning you're looking in the English. Yeah. What's your name? What What does that mean? Why is it called your name? Your name? How do you know that? But that's very good. Your name means the day that you do new for. What's new for? When you lift the carbon you lift the carbon. Right? So it's called your name. Which is the 16th day of Nissan, which is what? The second day of Passover. So says since there's no big house so we're not going to eat harvest that entire day. kind of argues it seems like. He says, "What do you mean? You're making it there come." It says in the now that you eat on the 16th day. You should not. He has this concept called meaning if you can't eat part of it can't eat up until up until you can't the tail is also part of it. So the he holds the entire day is also it's there. Let's say up until 12:00, but 12:00 is included. In other words, the whole day is included in the day. So you can't eat it. Why are the people allowed and permitted if you're in Florida you're allowed to eat from now? They know understand that is going to take care of business. They're going to be the carbon and once the the carbon is there all over the world. When the is around then the the allows you to eat. When the is not around then what time of what time of the day sunrise. Now where else in the sky do we do something by sunrise? Does something start by sunrise? Usually the day starts by year. By nightfall. And if it starts if we have something in the day it usually starts when? By the sun. So over here when the day is going to start by net by the nets. And from then on from the nets on you're allowed to eat we don't have a we can't bring a carbon. It's going to start from the nets. By time we have a contradiction in the book. You can't eat the new crop until you bring a carbon. Which means from the beginning of the the whole day is is included. So from the beginning of the day. Okay, it's that. When there's a I can bring a carbon. So you can only eat the new crop when there's a carbon is there. And when there's no it's from the sun. I feel it's the whole day. No. When are you allowed to eat the new crop? From the nets. So what's the obvious question? The says you have to bring a carbon. The mission says we just read. When they brought the the carbon then you're allowed to eat it. It's not from the nets. It's only from These are all questions that the is going to address. And then is going to say one answer to all three questions, four questions. The answer. There's a special if you if you wait and you're patient and you wait until the carbon then you get an extra answer. But in fact you're allowed to eat it according to from the from the nets. Let's see inside. But but it's the first puzzle. That you have to bring a carbon and carbon. The answer. It's special. It says in our mission that when you bring the carbon that's when the is okay, not before not by nets. The answer. You want to be extra you wait until the carbon. It says in the following mission on base. Did anybody know that in addition to the carbon the allows you to eat the new crop. But the two breads and wheat allow the new crop to be brought in the house. That's that's what we're going to see on base. That's also says the the answer. The top of base first word. We're not going to do this whole giant we're going to do until hopefully. The new year new year. This we saw on 11. You got according to the sky. Once the was destroyed he said that the 16th day of Nissan you shouldn't eat the new crop. Wait until the 7th. My time what's the reason? What's the reason hopefully this year we're going to be on the 16th of Nissan. is going to destroy all the enemies she's going to come and have a big house. And people are going to be confused. They're going to say we are stuck God. Last year I remember we ate the new crop. Dunkin Donuts. Oh, not Dunkin Donuts cuz it's the second day of Passover. But the new crop was available on the second day of Passover. By nets. So we should also eat by the nets. Reality is the reason is cuz there's no big house so there's no carbon. Here after. Because there's no big house so we go by the sunrise. But today that we have a big house we have to wait until the carbon. But if you're right you say that's not true. You don't have to wait to the carbon. You wait until the nets of carbon. The carbon is a good thing. It's a added bonus if you wait until the to the carbon. So we should like that's why made a whole to do and he said no you shouldn't eat all the way to the night because when comes I want them to be the extra answer. That something's not something's not right. If you're allowed to eat in the the nets we said I would have to make a whole zero. So that people should do it the best way possible and get extra answer. All right. We said this would be the whole you review the whole and we'll see in a second again. You the whole that the entire day is also. So that's why I said according to the whole day. That the entire day is also to eat I'm going to make a zero so people don't forget that. What is the name of the day? Up until the day. It's until the main part of the day. Because once you say the main part of the day it means including that part. In other words, the whole day. Says the we have to say. But it doesn't hold like the whole day. But he argues on him. The sky. Made it the whole day. That the entire 16th day is also. And what the say in the mission? Which is bringing over what he said in the mission. In the mission says I'm making it the whole day. That people shouldn't eat on the 16th day of Nissan when there's no big house. So what do you tell him? You don't have to make it the whole day. It's in the book. Meaning you don't hold this in the book. I hold this in the That's why I'm asking a question. Why are you telling me you're making it the whole day? It's in the book. So you see that according to review it's not the bottom. What do you tell me that he agrees with the review though? He doesn't agree with you this the bottom. So review the guitar you know review the mistake review that it doesn't have to be the right so what do you do out of a mistake that's why he said it who said he the bottom he thought he held it to the bottom but why is that true with the right to come out of the mistake held that he not allowed to eat the whole day right so I but the words by his skin his skin means he he established something it was so the right so you didn't establish anything the Torah established it why is he my his skin the right so he skin this gives me made a draw show I'm what it says in the Torah. >> [clears throat] >> The son of they ate the dish. The night of the 16th in other words they didn't eat the whole 16th. Right before the 17th cuz I read the right so the bottom. Because they held uh you hear this? So here we have the first time we encounter sheet of that says the bottom in is the bottom and there was no English then right? The bottom these are I am a right the bottom the bottom the show. They said because in their time this is my no base on English the bottom the bottom. Now as you all know in America in the right so we do two day on the way. This year I know I know three day on the way but we do two day on the way what does two day on the way mean? Because of the something because until people start heard that that that they that they could do a month could be either 30 31 days. And they don't know they don't know maybe it was a 31 day month so the first day of the year is not on the 15th on the 16th. So they were not for the something they did two days. But then came along and he made the the calendar and this so until this day we don't have we don't rely on the best to do the we have a calendar. But this this this something remains. This this idea of doing two day on the way. So they say the bottom they weren't concerned about the something the bottom. Maybe it's the 16th maybe it's the 17th. Maybe the 16th it maybe in the right so it's really 17th is the second day of of of the year. For that they're not they're not worried. The bottom the bottom of the ship side. And the bottom the bottom of the ship side from the ship side of the ship side they ate in the morning of the 17th. Why? Cuz I read the right so the right so you hear? These are I am a right in the after the bottom they said the bottom is the right so so we have two ship sides the bottom the bottom is the bottom the bottom is the right so. The bottom the bottom of the year. The reason the bottom said that he shouldn't eat all days is it was the bottom. But he the year the ship side the bottom he didn't do it on a something on a day on a day that we don't know like oh maybe the 17th is also the first day of no. He's not going to go with the something one day. I am a right in. Says I am a right in I am a right in and this is how we pass him this is how the bottom pass him. I am a right in I am a right in the bottom he's in the right so. Your father she told him the mother told the son you thought I guess he didn't have a father he was left at a young age I am a right in I am a right in the bottom of the ship side and I said he wasn't he didn't eat on the whole 17th he waited until the night of the 17th going into the 18th. The bottom because he also did the whole day is also the right so he was that in America the right so for the two day on the way so he went all the way to the 18th until he started eating the dish. The bottom line is that it seems like from this that either it's in the right so the bottom the bottom of the year or is it the bottom I am a right in I am a right in the bottom the bottom of the year. Oh so this is not a lot of people know the the bottom comes to allow you to eat the new crop. The bottom the bottom I am a right in I am a right in the bottom the bottom of the year. The the the bottom comes to allow you to eat the new crop. And the two breads of that anybody know this people don't know they know this? The two breads of come to allow you to do things in the base of English what? You cannot bring any or the fruit or the bottom comes together with the bottom carbon in other words. You can't do this before the bottom. Now of course maybe possible if you brought a from the new crop before they brought the it's no good. The bottom of the year I am a right in you hear this? The in the base of English you have to wait until the two breads come and you have to wait 50 more days than the rest of the wait all the way to the bottom. It may be possible. I want to say this is a god that you got to hear the story this is a crazy story. This is this is not possible this is one of these stories that you're going to have a a tough time forgetting. Or understanding you also the bottom big bottom. The bottom. You also the bottom of the year. I am a right in the bottom of the year. Why is there a difference between bringing a carbon before the year and bringing it before the two breads that the mission said if you bring it before the year you shouldn't but if you did no good. And if you bring before between between after you brought and you was if you brought you shouldn't bring it but if you brought it it is good. Why is before the year no good and before the is good? I am a right in you who the bottom was the bottom seems to say that he said the right thing. But it was his attitude that killed the that killed it. He says he tells I am a right in lie. I am a right in the bottom of the ship side the bottom of the year there's a big difference because right before the nobody is allowed to eat anything I am a right in I am a right in the bottom of the ship side the bottom of the year but after the came a lot of from the new crop so we can get up a little bit so no so for the base of English is not ready but if you brought it we'll let it slide this time. You hear what he's saying? You who the bottom of the year. The allowed you to eat it so it's it's it's with the bottom it'll be okay for the base of English you shouldn't but if you did it we'll say it's okay cuz cuz the rest of the eating this food. I am a right in the bottom. I am a right in didn't answer what is that usually indicate? What's your name again remind me? You all see you all see says you all see you all No no no no no I am a right in I am He agreed otherwise he would have ripped him apart. You would have told him no you would have told him right away why he's wrong he didn't say anything. No what happens when when you get the year good? You got him good. He has a question he doesn't know the answer and you know the answer he doesn't know. So you feel really good about yourself. But do you do you show him that he's what do you do how do you do it? So says the I am a right in the bottom of the year they take out the year. I think. Yeah they take out the I am a right in the bottom of the year. He was super excited he was smiling I got you I got you. To the point where he saw the whole thing he was very very upset at him. I am a right in the bottom. You who the bottom of the year says okay I see that you're super excited because you answered the old man the the bottom of the year. I wonder if you are going to live a long life. There are those who explained it as a curse he cursed him those who explained it as a matter of fact. It doesn't make sense when you act the way you just acted that you're going to live a long life. Says the what the story continues I am a right in the bottom of the year the famous the bottom of the year the bottom of the year the bottom of the I am a right in I am a right in this blew me away. Right now it's I am a right in the right so the but when I said the in Hebrew and when I was learning this I am a right in I am a right in the right so the right so price means half. Half means it's two weeks before I know it's literally today. It's like the I am a right in I am a right in this the day of the year is brought out on today's day. It was I am a right in the year. It was two weeks before I am a right I am a right in I am a right in the year. I wanted to know what's going on with the bottom of the year. I remember was very tough about him and he said you're not you're not going to be I am a right in so let's let's do the math. This was he went all the way to Shavuos. So, Shavuos is 50 days plus another 15 days, let's say. So, we get there uh 65 days later. 65 days after the story, he's asking around about him. Hey, where is he? How do you get to 75? Formally, si- uh 50 plus 15 or 14. 65. Formally, niftar the whole of loy. Yehudah ben Nachman was niftar and he left us. By the way, um to remind them, this is the kufa that whole thing between Pesach and Shavuos is when 24,000 tell me the more of the kibbutz niftar because of the covenant of the Zev. This is also an idea of the covenant of the Zev not to be annoyed covered with the godel. Not to give the proper respect to your friend, to to to another person, to another human being, to God. Omar Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak the dimrei Yehudah ben Nachman, according though, Rav Yehudah Yehudah ben Nachman said a good thing though. Rav Nachman agreed with him. That what? That there's a difference between the stay alive him and the omer. When the you bring the omer, it's chud miklali. Kli Yisrael already it already brought a heter. So, he says, nisachim bikurim shekureim korban lo omer sheirim. Now, the wine that you bring on the bikurim, you bring wine is something that Kli Yisrael is allowed to drink. So, if you brought it before the omer, it's kosher. Shita, Kli Yisrael gets to drink it. Mah l'same omer d'chudim miklali? It's allowed to drink. When the omer comes, it allows the new crop to be eaten. So, it made a heter. Aval lo d'chudim miklali loy. But over here, there was never a heter cuz people were drinking this wine the whole year. So, never became mutar. K'mashma koshkin d'hacha, koshkin d'hacha d'loy it's a klal. No. A carrot. You you're saying it's a bad thing that it didn't come mutar. Other of it's a good thing that it never In other words, what's better? Something that was assur assur assur and then it became mutar or something that was never assur to begin with? So, the Gemara thought that there was a hava mina to say that wine, since it was never assur, people constantly drink wine. So, there's no heter and therefore it should be a problem to bring to the Mizbei'ach. No, a carrot. Since you don't need a heter because people are constantly drinking it, but may like you bring it for the nisachim. Raboisai, have a wonderful day and thank you for having me. Merit the zechus of spreading Torah throughout the world. Sponsor a shiur today. mdy.sponsor.com [music] or [email protected].