CHAZARAH - Bechoros Daf 28 | "Nothing but the Daf" with R' Eli Stefansky

[music] Good morning. We're trying to figure out how do we know that is eaten within its birthday year. [clears throat] How do we know that? So Raf says because it says in the P sh it's his year. It goes from the day of his birth to till his birthday. That's where you have to eat him. The problem is the ve some are gurus rebi but in the yeshiva rav they kind of argue rav himself and they say that that that only comes to teach us the concept that you can eat a bakar for two days and a night there's there like and not we'll see like not like that it's one day and one night I'm not exactly sure where we stopped off yesterday So another fine that it's the year of the if the are using the sha for two days and a night they take away the pik from rav to learn that of two days and a night ra is using that pik to tell us that it has to be the year the in within his year not the calendar year thear's year from the The day he's born, he has a year. So how does Rav know this you eat it for two days and a night is like it's a we say it's similar to you get to eat for two days and a night is two days and a >> [clears throat] >> How come learns the teachers? How come they can't learn out from where Rav just learned? You learn it. You compare it to the answer is he can't compare to according to listen I'm comparing to a different carbon. Who told you which carbon to compare it to? If you had two options to compare this that what you could eat the bakar for one day in a night or two days in a night which one would you go for two >> why two I would go for one grab whatever you can the minimum you don't go for the maximum there's things there's rules in the what you do if you have two options two or one you go with the one that's the more solid way to go so you go with the taida you only eat for one day one You're right. You should only go for one. But it says gives you a little extra, a little more, one more day. Gets one more day. This is a tremendous here. Why is it tremendous? We never found anything similar to this in the entire that what that you're supposed to give something to to but if it's no good you give it to the we don't have anything like that if it if it doesn't have a you give it to the kay get if it has a you still give it to the kayen we don't have anything like that usually if it has a you sell it you do you start over you give the kayen a non so it says of omar plural stays to teach us that you get extra day and the fact that the gets a bal because it says you get two types. The guy gets two types either a healthy unblenmished animal or a blemished animal and this is the end of the is not referring to two different types of animals a blemish and unbllemished it's referring to all the in all the in plural it's not just your private one it's all of Israel that's what say I want to make a confession here for Robin it's an embarrassing confession but it'll be for the board I spoke about entire room pushed push pushed before batious and um unfortunately I fell in batious d I fell I did I had the I did this and the learning wasn't so good and certainly the first thing that went was the but I'm strong as ever I'm holding my shish already I'm good I did half the parish gracious so I went to if you didn't start yet or you fell gracious join me I'm starting in and I wrote down in my that I missed half the parish and I hope to make it up before before starting next year Maybe this week last time. I don't know. But I'm starting in my left. So I'm reminding all if you didn't start time, you can always start. It doesn't have to be complete. It's like me. If you fall, you fall. All right. That's my That's my piece. It's embarrassing. I'm pushing everybody. Tell you do it. And I myself fell. Okay. Correct. Says in the Now let me show you the because it's very interesting. This is the Mishna. If this animal developed a in its first year, he's permitted to keep it for 12 months. There could be a comma there or there could be a period there. It could be the end of the phrase and then there's a brand new phrase in [clears throat] our Mishna. There's no parenthesis. The bar line where I got this from puts parenthesis and he takes it from the the Bach or someone in the side over there. I see in the gimbal. There's a gimmel here. They take it out. Now they take it out based on what we're about to read now and learn now. Is there a new statement that if the blemish occurred after 12 months you get 30 days? What's the 30 days? is the 30 days if the blemish happened after 12 months or perhaps it's one long statement and that is when a blemish occurs we give you a freebie we give you 30 days regardless if it's a middle of the year after the year you always get 30 days an extra period of 30 days and the Gar is going to explain why why should you get a freebie why should you get extra 30 days the answer is because sometimes there's no cayenne around you don't want the in in those days no refrigeration no freezer you sh that animal the plaque starts ticking. You have a few hours, that's it. A day, two days, and then it it goes bad. You have to salt it and it's not the same. So that's the So what did the mean if the blemish developed within its first year of life? So you get to keep it up to its birthday and it's one long statement and therefore you get extra 30 days. If it was developed maybe it's two statements. So it was developed within the first year you get up until this birthday. It was developed after the year then you we add another 30 days. So then the question is what does means either the the when did the mum occur or means the 30 days? Is the words mean you get an extra day 30 days or does it mean the m developed after 30 days? It's a way to learn this whole statement. Is it one long statement or two statements? But there's no she can't it and there was no reason to bring it to the because it had no blemish. You got to keep it. You keep on keeping it two three years. Once it develops a blemish depends when the blemish happened. If the blemish happened in its first year you keep it for 12 months. And after the year, you can't even keep it for a minute, an hour, so that the doesn't lose out over here. You're permitted to keep it for 30 days. You see that even and this this statement is going and the Gar doesn't know in a second. Gar is going to ask. But the Gmorra understands for now that this statement is going even if the moment occurred within the first year. You get 30 days after the year is over. You get an extra 30 days. I think might right away ask. Let's see. He did a whole thing. So I might as well show it. Hold on. That's cute. If here if you have a m within the year, you copy your solution. Let's say the M happened within the the first year. So you get to keep it just until the end of the year. But if the if it occurred after the year, then you get 30 days. Okay? And then the Gar says, what does it mean? Do you get 30 days within the first year or only after the year? So over here it said we just this is what we just learned. Now what? That if the the moment occurred after the year is over, you don't even get 1 minute, 1 hour. [clears throat] But we did give you 30 days. Why? Says maybe it should be a little larger. The meat will go bad. But the Gumar says, but I don't understand. It's still we still didn't explain is the 30 days referring to within if it happened the first year or if it happened afterwards that we didn't explain. So now for that we have another thing. Hold on. [clears throat] >> Did the m occur after the year or the m occur before? When do you get the 30 days? When's the do you always get the 30 days or not? Even though there's no >> Yeah, that's what that's what he was referring to. I guess that's what he's trying to >> So like on this chart, his M developed 15 days before the end of the year, the end of the year. So if it happens within the year, you get you start the clock starts ticking from that moment like over here in this picture. So you get all the way to 15 days into the next year. What do you see from here? You don't get 30 days. You don't get a 30-day uh no matter what 30 days into the next year. I if it would happen um 29 days before the end of the year, you would get one day in the next year. If it would happen one day before the end of the year, you get 29 into the new year. But you never get a 30-day. It's not a freebie. You only get 15 days in the next year in this particular case. But you see from here that the 30 days is not a given that you just get it for free. So now we're going to see two. This is a to one. The clock starts ticking from the moment he gets a so 15 days before the end of the year. He has 15 days in this year and 15 days in the next year, but you don't get 30 full days in the next year. But there's that says the exact opposite. He gets 30 days according to the next year in the following year. No matter what, even if the the the mum happened two two months before the end of the year, his birthday, two months before his birthday, when his birthday comes, he gets another 30 days. Seems like two years. You go into the second year. You don't give him a full year. [clears throat] We see Rashi brings down for if a tree was planted 30 days before, it's considered a full year. It's its first year of our you start counting. Oh comes, it's another year. [clears throat] You're 30 days into the next year. So now we're going to just ask the question that we just said. If he developed a blemish 15 days before the end of the year, we give him those 15 days till the end of the year plus 15 days. But we don't give him 30 days like just said you don't give him a fresh 30 days. It's a bomb. Great brand new. So what happens? You have a newborn or firstborn. You give it to the kite. The kite we said you have to you have to bring it up for 30 days, 50 days, whatever you have to do. And then you give it to the kite. What if it developed a so if it didn't develop a m the k has to bring to the to the b mikdash and then eat the parts that he could eat etc. If it developed the it's much better for the k he doesn't have to go all the way from where he lives all the way to it's who knows a 30-day trip in those days on a camel on a donkey and shleing a little goat with him [clears throat] just in his backyard and eat it. So obviously every k wants to have a m wants to make sure it has a m and then you know that's is to [clears throat] create a m etc. But what does this guy do? [clears throat] He does and then he asks questions later first he shs [clears throat] then he brings the the dead animal to says can you please check this out for me is this a m or not mum and he shows the mum after the animal's dead review the m listen a m is a m the the rabbit can see it's missing a leg so of course it's who cares that it seems like a kas. We're punishing him. He didn't go to the rabbi. Boom. So what's the concern? We're going to see in the what's the problem? If you're not a professional and you tell the the is go ahead or the go ahead and you tell the it's good. You're allowed to right now. You don't have to bring this is a terrible terrible blemish. You're not a doctor. You're not a vet. What are you doing? cover. We have to bury it like a regular that dies. This is must pay from his pocket. >> Says the Yeah, I'm going to show the video later. When we're talking about a cataract, that's very very problematic. We know cataract is the the the easiest of all the m but it's a very very big problem. Why? Because when an animal is dying in the throws, how do you say the thrones throws of death? [clears throat] >> I don't know what happens. Some vessels, some blood vessels burst in his eye. If he start out with a small cataract, the rabbi would say, "It's not a big deal. It's not a m because he's dying and he's suffering and he goes crazy. His eye, you know, you can look at it, look at the eyes, they go like this, you know, it'll burst. It'll grow. The cataract will grow." [clears throat] So that's a big problem. can't say, "Oh, I saw look look at his cataract right now." Take him to to optometrist and they'll look at the at the animal's eye. They'll see there's a cataract. Oh, so it was a good No, it grew double after it died as it was dying because they change. The whole concern is a real m in the body. Let's say a severed limb that didn't happen after it died. That's obvious. You see it's all healed and everything. Since cataracts is such a problem. So if somebody's not and he does his own without a professional, he shs this animal based on his own sack. We're going to punish him and give him a why? because he'll come to do the same thing with cataracts. It's interesting because Tyus brings down over here that usually is like your mayor. But in this case is not like your mayor because it's and in we don't pass like mayor says there's no concern over here. There's no reason everybody knows that uh that is different. cataracts are different anal afterwards he show after after he dies he show the to professional because eyes change now it's known that the eyes are the the window to the soul so to speak you look in somebody's eyes you see that has he has you look at a person you see he's like he's half dead so the gummor over here says that the eyes could change how could the eyes change you see a guy that his eyes are garnished and then his eyes are like lit up cuz he started doing the [laughter] butch. A guy has a separate leg. It's not it's not it's not changing one iota after death. It doesn't matter what kind of m cataracts or regular move in the body they all change what are you talking about if a guy if this if this animal has one leg missing it's not going to change for the worse the better because there is one m that changes called a cataract and therefore all m suffer because of that one m called the cataract Because we cannot rely on what you saw before the death of the animal in a cataract and therefore in all I can prove from our mission it says he says he doesn't say because it changes it doesn't change he says because you didn't go there that's a punishment that's a not because Didn't it actually changed and it's different? No, it's a really should have shown this earlier. Here we go. This is our production. We did it a while ago, but it's you got to see this. [applause] When Rome says that cataracts could change, does he mean that 100% of cataracts change after death or during death or is it like 50/50? What's the difference? [clears throat] To say that the witnesses are lying if 100% of the cataracts change. The fact that they're coming now and saying that, oh, this is what they saw before it died. It's a lie because every cataract changes. But if sometimes it changes, sometimes it doesn't. We can rely on them. Here's the video. Boom. So if every single one changes, then [music] they're not we could rely on them. They're not lying. It doesn't mean that they deliberately lie. Just they they don't know. Let me show you a case of cataracts that change after death. Why is he showing it to him? Because some do, some don't. I want to show you a case that does. uh a has no business mixing in two things that have to do with veterinarians. He's he's passing on and because of him the owner the the the the went ahead and she this animal we say we can't use it anymore he has to bury it so he caused him a great damage because he opened his mouth and he mixed into something he shouldn't have he should have told him go to the pro Crazy cover. So this guy that doesn't know is going to have to pay from his own pocket. This is goes like the says that even if there's a a real blemish you see he's missing a leg the animal's missing a leg and you sh it without going to pro you got to bury it. You can't but he has a real mom. No, regardless everybody agrees when it comes to cataracts that you can't rely on anything or the or the owner and therefore you have to bury it. Now it says this unprofessional guy he has to pay. How much does he have to pay? Only 25% for a small animal half for the large animal. Why half of the large animal? Because if he really has if this animal really had a serious blemish, he just messed him up. He he caused the cayenne to bury an animal that any ma would have said this is a real blemish. >> And if he had a real blemish, the k would have eaten it. Now you open your mouth. You advised him. You shouldn't have advised him. And now because of you, he has to bury a perfectly good animal that he could have eaten. So that's 100% damage. But on the flip side, what if they would have gone to the M would have said, "No, no, no. You can't chef now. Can't shift the nail." So what do you do? Wait for 5 years, 10 years, and then the animal's going to drop dead. You won't be able to eat him anyway. There's a good chance that he didn't cause any damage. So that's a 50/50. That's a multip. So you only pay 50%. So that we got to 50%. But why 25%. Because the the smaller animal is very small damage. See only 25%. What does that mean? So says yeah a cow cost $2,000. You have to pay him half of that. That's $1,000. A sheep only cost $500. So you pay 25% of that.$125. Where's what's the say? I don't get it.$125 $25 is not a you're just gonna give him off. Let him pay 250. Why 125? Why a quarter of the value since it's very difficult to bring up a smaller animal. It's also to bring you have to go outside to raise an animal. You have to go to fire. The kids of the cen has a lot a lot of t bringing up this thing. It's not a great gift for him. He has to take this goat and go all the way out there and come back. So at the end of the day, you didn't cause the kind that much damage in a smaller animal caused him less than you think it is because every day has to be bothered by it. So now he doesn't have to be bothered. So take that off the price. So only 25%. Says the Mishna. I think for me this is a tremendous kiss from Hashem. Why? Because last shabas I was in a hotel in your shabas. I said over this story not knowing that within a week we're going to be learning aes and he said that somebody that's is potter and he says somebody that is potter this is the case that happened to me on I was in charge of the alcohol so I brought the wine and everything and I brought liquor and as I right before the meal I opened up the bottles to hear them out and one of the waiters who's a nonju I removed it literally went like this put over there it was open so there's a person a very person says he tells this comes running over I was talking to this hash person the way the way just move the battle he says throw it out right now who it's my battle you're not throwing anything out he says I don't care if it's your battle it's a battle we're throwing it out right now it's going to cause that so then my son comes around and my ask me Jacob He said, "What are you talking? He didn't pour it." Said, "I'll drink it. I'll drink it." That's exactly why I'm pouring it OUT. I DON'T WANT YOU TO DRINK IT. Pour it out. And the son runs to the sink, pours out the whole bottle. And after was over, I looked in the wrong. Here's the talk about this case. I'm baffled by people and they ruin other people's money, monetary value. It's inside the bottle. If you didn't touch it with your finger, look it up. What the hell is that? It happened this week. It was a mishna. It was worth the story. I don't care what the bow was. It was worth the story. Says what happened happened here. All right. But if he's a professional from the best, he doesn't have to pay. says mayor. What happened there? He didn't do anything with his hands. He told a guy he has to pay. He didn't do [snorts] his he didn't do it. He didn't do a there's a missing just with his mouth. He passing in the wrong. He did do he did do something wrong. He took the money from him and gave it to him. guy he told somebody that doesn't have to pay somebody that really shouldn't have to pay and he made him pay. So but it's meaning if the RV takes the money from the guy that's potter and gives it to the guy to the other guy he he shouldn't have to pay but he takes the money out of him and makes him pay. He took the money. But what's the case where he said that somebody that is how did what happened with his hands? How did he do a he just said the words you're he didn't do anything physical the the malva the lender had how do you say mashkin in English >> collateral he had collateral and he took the collateral away from him with his hand he grabbed the watch as a collateral and gave it back to the to the borrower that's the physical damage How do you take something that's and make it and that's literally what that person at the did he wanted to prove make a point he wanted to say you can never use this again so in our case he poured the bottle of wine down the drain or over here he takes a shar and he makes something that's makes tomato tom how do you make something that's tomics he mix them up together. Should we just do this quickly? There was a cow that did not have a womb that this is called a tra. He cut the cow's head off. He shot it in the head. He killed it without and fed it to the dogs. They said, "Wait a minute. It doesn't have a womb. That's not a trad single cow or I don't want to say pig. I'll bleep it out. So >> yeah comes from Alexandria. >> We don't they they they come without a womb and they live they live long years. You see that? It's not uh I didn't show this video. This is a famous This is the famous story. [sighs] >> Finally. So much room in here. >> The famous saying, "You just lost a donkey. You're going to have to pay with your own money." Now, it's interesting because very, very wealthy. And it could be your friend to put down the wine. But it's interesting because sometime maybe maybe the is he could have paid him cash easy. He was very wealthy. Thear says retirement but he he had to sell his his beloved car. He had to sell the and and pay with the to make it to make a to say oh I made a mistake. I'm not going to forget this mistake again. You're a professional. You don't have to pay goes into it. Chavez, have a wonderful day >> at 9:00. [music] >> Merit the of spreading Torah throughout the world. 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