0:00 / 0:00
Madrid, the Conversos and the deathly event of Auto Da Fe.
573 views
In 1680 an auto-da-fe was called, bringing Jews and the Inquisition to a public spectacle in the Plaza mayor – the largest square in Madrid. The crime of practicing Judaism, of rejecting the Christian saviour, was the worst crime - a crime so severe that the only remedy was a public execution. Rafael Vallis was charged with spreading Judaism. Find out his fate, and more, in this riveting audio visual presentation by Rabbi Aubrey Hersh, creator of podcast 'History for the Curious'.
Categories:Torah
Comments(0)
Transcript
Auto-generated transcript. Not time-synced to the video.
foreign
yesterday we saw the choices of loyalty
in Madrid today
we look at the choices affecting life
and death
where the choice is so extreme
that you almost wonder how that choice
can be made
electing to give up life to declare that
there is something that transcends
that is more important than life
yet in every country in Europe in every
Century for the past 1 000 years
Jews
ordinary Jews from all and any Walk of
Life
in France in Hungary in Italy
in Holland
made that declaration laid down their
lives for Judaism made it absolutely
clear that there is a value a calling
enshrined in our DNA essential to our
identity
Madrid is the choice of the Soul
the refusal to give in the decision to
withstand torture and ultimately any
demand so as not to betray family not to
betray religion
not to betray my fundamental belief in
God
with all my soul
and we stand in wonder
amazed
but unbelievably proud of what our
history has achieved
in Madrid
we will find the story of the Converses
Jews who had become Christians in the
aftermath of 1492.
determined to retain some vestiges of
their Judaism
at any price
and ultimately paid the highest price
who carried out this determination not
for a year or a generation
but for over 300 years the greatest page
in our nation's modern history
but first
we will learn more of the story that
brought the Jews to Spain
the centuries of Life under Muslim rule
starting in the 8th Century which
created a golden age in Spain
because our history is made up of
various pieces of a puzzle
and we need to be aware of the four
centuries where Jewish life flourished
in Spain
we need to see the Cradle that created
Jews who would Outlast the Inquisition
and then we will see where
in 1680
the Inquisition brought Jews to a public
trial in the plaza mayor
an auto defeat
over the next three centuries from 1492.
those who were discovered to be secretly
practicing Judaism were arrested
their properties confiscated
and servants family members Neighbors
were persuaded or frightened into
becoming informers and spies
and these are documented stories
meticulously documented by the
Inquisition itself
of those who went the way of true
Martyrs who inspired not only
generations of Jews but their own
descendants today
yossi Wallace writes of a conversation
he had with his father a holocaust
Survivor
I remember as a child back in Poland an
old Bible it was ancient passed down
from father to son for Generations when
you opened the cover you'd find a list
of all the people who'd owned this
every father inscribed his name on the
inside cover
and wrote down what country the family
was living in at that time
was a precious Farm family artifact that
was to be preserved at any cost
but in World War II our entire family
was sent to the concentration camps
and the hamash and most of the
information contained therein was lost
but there are a number of details that I
remember
the name of the first person on that
list who began our improbable Journey
Through History through Europe
his name was Rafal vallis
from Majorca in Spain
what happened to him yossi asked his
father
Rafal vallis was put to death burned at
the stake by the hands of the
Inquisition
a story that would have ended there were
it not for the detailed records of the
Inquisition who wrote down every part of
the arrest torture and murder
one thousand pages of coercion and as
you read the trial transcripts you
become aware that the conversos tried to
refuse to betray their accomplices an
example of unparalleled courage and
integrity
the valis family lived in Majorca
rafal's line of work at Sea put him in
touch with ships captains on a regular
basis and made him a liaison between his
community of conversos and the Jewish
world that still existed outside of
Spain
valis had been placed under scrutiny by
the holy Office of the Inquisition no
one doubted that valis was breaking the
law the only question was how
with an entire team of Inquisition spies
working full-time
it wasn't long before the order was
given for his arrest
was interrogated as agents of the
Inquisition attempted to learn
everything they could about his sins the
valis file now in the hands of his
Israeli descendants reveal that Raphael
under torture
admitted having received instruction
from rabbinical authorities abroad I was
given to understand by the rabbis there
that one particular commandment one
Mitzvah was important for the Jews of
Spain the fast day of Esther before
Purim
through this they will never forget who
they are
because Queen Esther was the first
Murano in Jewish history
on the surface she pretended to be like
everyone else but on the inside
she never ceased to be a daughter of
Israel
the file stated that Rafal vallis was
charged with spreading Judaism to his
male co-religionists including his
relative Rafael Benito tarongi
who was also held by the Inquisition
tarongi's sister Catalina was arrested
for doing the same
among the community of female conversos
all were sentenced by the holy Office of
the Inquisition to be burnt at the stake
however instead of binding them to the
woods that would be set on fire the
three were placed in close proximity to
the Flames close enough for the Flames
to burn them far enough for it to take a
long time the church had their Priestly
representative standing by cross in hand
waiting for the prisoner to express a
desire for repentance
at which point they would be removed
from the flames
on the day of the auto defe 30 000
citizens of Palma de Mallorca gathered
to watch the spectacle in the grand
square
situated directly in front of the local
seat of government
when they reached the square they were
men handled onto the stage the pyre was
made ready for kindling and they were
tied to the pillars just adjacent to the
fire the mayor of Mallorca was honored
with lighting the fire after some time
the Heat grew so powerful that was
impossible to stand in close proximity
but the population of Majorca watched
and the priests waited
at one point revolverless tried to lift
his hand the heat must have become
unbearable and he couldn't stand it
anymore the merciful priest crucifix in
hand had been waiting for the signal and
came rushing over intent on saving
Raphael's soul
Catalina was tied to a neighboring
pillar upon seeing vallis raising his
hand she screamed with her final bit of
strength don't give in they are only
able to burn our clothing they will not
be able to touch our souls
the moment he heard those words
motion for the priests to leave him
alone
the disappointed priest retreated and
the three ended their lives in that
manner
in full view of the people embodying
Kiddush Hashem sanctifying God's name
so concluded
the inquisitions 1000 page description
today
we visit the history
of the stubborn Jew
who served God the whole with all their
soul
to see what it means to be committed to
the calling of Judaism
we visit with Incredible Pride and some
sadness those who made it clear that a
Jew remains a Jew no matter what
for whom giving up their identity was a
price they were not willing to pay
the courage of the ordinary Drew under
extraordinary circumstances who gave our
nation in our world today a message that
outlives time itself
foreign