Bugs In NYC Water: Which Filters Are Reliable? - Reb Yaakov Lach

like to welcome everyone to tonight's sheer ignition return goes to great expense to organize and advertise and arrange this urim please call against your retired 718-851-8651 or email tape center at yeshivanet.com for this great source well tonight we have the calvin opportunities once again by jack of luck inventor of the easy filter notre cashews researcher i know where it seems like an old topic but um we haven't heard about it for a while and people forget about things like monsieur serum says even though it's all common and known so we always need a hazara and to hear the updates of which filters are are reliable nowadays that's my cover to call honorable for tonight's chair skye um i wanted to thank your against your tara for hosting me it's always a pleasure to speak about the water and actually it's it's very interesting because i listened to a share on my way here of myself speaking 14 years ago and i was saying wow i forgot about well that's interesting i don't remember that so there's a there's you know there's um it's easy to forget it's not an exciting topic once it's uh known about and there also was a new generation this this issue with the water was discovered in 2004 so that's 16 years ago so there's a new generation of people that were were in pine tass when the whole tumult was was around and i started that that i was speed that i was listening to today i started by saying that the speaking about water is pretty is a harmonica thing because on one hand each tail is for laven if it's it's from the water and on the other hand water is something that's very necessary for life and the price can deal with many questions that came up in europe in many locations and many of them worked very hard to try to find a hectare wherever their location happened to have been in today's days it's so easy to um to avoid the sheila to avoid the issa um i guess i should just say straight out that i'm not a i i am about the boss really but i i don't want to um i really approach the part of it just the mice are most almost all the rabbanim i was asked to say that actually by some people that spend their time trying to be mahathir and cassius and they they really put a lot of effort into it and they wanted to me to make sure that i should say that there are a few material but the material are few the mice or the kasha's organizations are mahm on this and almost all the paisley as well still it's very interesting to know what's going on what happened what's the needline and the first thing i wanted to emphasize is that nothing changed there are people that are very much more kosher than myself but are making a mistake and they're saying that there's no more bugs in new york city water either because new york city filters the water now or because it's a new water tunnel now both are true new york city does filter the water but that's only a small percentage of new york city water a bit less than five percent and that's because that water comes from a very old watershed a very old reservoir system that's in in westchester it's called the croton reservoir that was the rest of our system they used in the 1800s that was original source for new york city water back in the day so that that water is very polluted because it's so close to the city so the government finally made the federal government finally made the city filter that water but that doesn't really affect our our situation a because it's mixed in with all the other water it's only five percent anyway and b even when it's mixed in it never never comes to new york to brooklyn and where we to brooklyn at all it comes to parts of the bronx and parts of manhattan the new water tunnel was also a new development but hasn't doesn't affect the thailand they just have a new way of getting to the city there's no filtration at all in the new water tunnel so so the main point i want to bring out that there is nothing new that the shadow is exactly the same way that there was um in 2004 when it was discovered i just to confirm i went this past week to my sink and i picked out some of things some tai lum from the from my water this is in my house and i put it all in a little glass jar with some alcohol so that they shouldn't decay if i'll pass it around there's also some more um other filter other samples that i've taken so we'll have more okay they're hard to see that's i'm not going to deny it um first they have to do is shake it around because they settle to the bottom they're all dead there's not i've seen i think 10 000 copapods already coming out of new york city water in the sampling that i've done for different purposes and i remember they are members of the shrimp family that's right right that's right and only one or two of them were ever seen alive like they're all dead so that's the first reason why they're hard to find the other reason is that they're white you know they're and since there's no movement so the eye just tends to not see them the question is why they are in our water that's i guess the first question so just briefly any cup of water they're all going to be dead oh are they in every cup of water we're going to discuss it so it's not a given it's not a given that they're in every cup of water first thing is is that you know when i first heard the question of water thailand in the water and it was a year that there was a lot of humors coming out you know and there was a bunch of different areas that there was a lot of homuras yeah and other homes some of them became were false alarms and some of them were shielded so i was thinking you know like it's getting out of hand what are we going to left to eat with but the myself it's not that way if you look at you know there are many different vegetables and fruits that people found claim to have that there is a bug problem that over the years in the past we never ever heard that there's a bug problem with but with water if you look in the seminar that talks about the first things that talks about is water and has forced three or four semanim that deal with water and if you look in the dhaka chuva there's scores like of chuvas that deal with different cases different cities where they had a question about the water the reason why it's different is because these bugs belong in the water that they're in meaning that normally when we find a bug in a fruit or a vegetable it doesn't help the fruit or the vegetable it doesn't belong there it's a pest so it's an infestation and and didn't it wasn't always there it's not part of the natural ecosystem but over here these little bugs are food for the for the fish you know the fish that are in the reservoirs or any lake there's all the reservoirs are just lakes you know if you go to a reservoir it's just a lake it just looks like a lake anyway oh so so what happens if you go to the restaurant and take a cup of water like in the old days you go to a lake you have to worry in the house it depends it depends well it depends where your house is located it depends if you have a filter it depends what floor you're on we'll talk about it so so these are not infestations they belong there they're food for the fish i mean the fish they grab them the whole year they're like this is what the little fish is what the little fish eat and then the big fish eat the little fish and so on and these little creatures they eat the plankton the the little plants the dp in 1994 and 95 sponsored has two studies um documenting the the health of the population of these little creatures in the reservoir they it's like each each each report is like 120 pages long so they knew that they're in the reservoir they use them to measure the health of how well the reservoir is the oxygen level and the pollution level by seeing how well they're doing and because they're food for the fish they're also there the whole year meaning fish have to eat the whole year so these creatures they're not seasonal there are some types of these little creatures that are seasonal but there's going to be these creatures called copepods in the water throughout the whole year um now when they come to the tap they're all dead the reason they're dead is because it takes 24 hours to get from the reservoir to the city it's a long journey it the closest resort is not so far away it's like 50 50 miles away but the water has to go deep deep under the under new york city by the time they woke up to make water mains in the streets already too many gas mains and and electric pipes to make big enough water mains in the city so they had to dig deep under the city like 400 feet downward it's just pure bedrock and they dug these massive tunnels and then there's places throughout the city only like 16 or 18 places where the water shoots up and then it gets distributed in smaller pipes in the on on the city streets so by the time it gets here with all the whole roller coaster ride and also because they are chlorine so there is no life to these things because of that they don't move of their own in the mains so they're schlepped or schlepped along with the water so water you know the mains basically are like the streets every corner let's say there's an intersection with four streets meet so there's four mains that are meeting the water could travel any which way but it starts from a trunk main let's say a trunk maintenance let's say an ocean parkway or maybe somewhere else so usually the bigger street the bigger main and and from there it spreads out but throughout the burrow but like a grid so the water fills up everything that's the nature of water but solid particles that don't have any propulsion on their own they have to move with the laws of of physics and that that makes it that if they're moving in straight then they need force to make them make a turn so that means that if you have water barreling from a trunk main and it's coming um down a side street so there's another side street that's parallel to the trunk main meaning it's running the same direction and its local main is only feeding itself it's going to use less water the bottom line is there's some streets that the water rushes through very fast and some streets that the water rushes through very slowly and those streets that the water rushes through slowly are going to not have enough force to pull the bugs into that street so those streets the water will be clean now it could change it could change depending on the usage i see every year when the summer time hits and people you know walk out of bar park they leave bar park in mass that there's a different um different findings of different tail meaning i won't find nearly as much in my house the way i will the rest of the year the profile is different so that's the first thing it changes by location now it is some places that are consistently half thailand and some places consistently don't and those places the filters won't won't clog as well that's how i learned about this was that there was two brothers stolen is actually that one of them said that he has a filter at the end of a sink and usually those clog once a day once a week whatever his is going ready months and months and it doesn't clog they thought maybe it wasn't put on right or maybe it's effective so i went over and i see it's perfect it's clean it's put on right here let's go to my brother he lives around the corner and his brother had a regular incident of now they happen to live he lives parallel ocean parkway to east 5th street so so um his street the the water is rushing by on let's say avenue f on 18th avenue is rushing by to go to the whole power park so there's a lot of a lot of demand a lot of pressure a lot of movement and history is just feeding itself so when the water turns into his to his fifth it won't have it doesn't have it doesn't pull any any dirt with it anytime with it so the filters stay clean another factor is if there's a tank on the roof buildings that are more than four stories or so don't have enough water pressure to push the water all the way up to the tap so you have to pump it up to the tab so one way is to have pressure pumps that constantly provide enough pressure to push the water all the way to the top and those will make zero difference they'll be the same to alarm like regular but if some places have a weaker pump and a tank that's on the roof so there's a big like you may have seen big wooden tanks on top of buildings and throughout new york city so those are tanks that hold water and what happens is is that those tanks also feed the sprinkler system so the the regulations are that the water that goes to the people that occupy the building has to come from the middle of the tank so there should always be water the bottom half of the tank should always be available for the fire department so what happens is that as the water gets pumped up it enters the top of the tank the bugs settle down you'll see they take like a second they settle to the bottom so you have a what's essentially a filter just simply by gravity and the bottom half of the tank which is reserved for the fire department will have the buggy water and the water in the rest in the building itself will be perfectly clean the ou's location you know when people first consider you to show them the bugs in the water it was uh it was an interesting sight because they still let the water run for hours and hours and there was no bugs and it was a little embarrassing for those people i don't know but the the reason was because of the tank in um i just want to say an interesting story the way this thing got started was was there was someone that lives not too far from here who also is about the bus works in the whole dance and unrelated field nothing to do with casuals and he checked his lettuce his alaika tiff lettuce for pesach so he used to check it and his method was to wash the leaves very well and hold up the water to the light in a clear jar and see if there's any bugs in the water so that pace i know why what happened that year i don't know but that year he holds up the the water to the line he sees that these little little things with antennas and tails so he he rinsed it again and he did it again and he still sees his antennas and tails so he's figuring this must be really infested lettuce so he throws it out and he buys some he has to use something else meanwhile he after pesach he let the people in arizona know so they checked their produce that they had in stock and they didn't find anything so they asked him to send him to send them samples of the bugs so he somehow did that and they got back to him that they showed it to scientists or whatever and they were told that these are water creatures and you should check your water it's not from the lettuce so he thought that there you know someone's that's a really good excuse but he never heard of such a thing so he and he forgot about it the next year he did the same thing and he found the same bugs and he this time checked the water without the lettuce and he saw it was true that was in the water he dabbed my five a cone and that was before pesach and then by shibuya's time i think everyone already i think it even had national newspapers what was interesting is is the in his house the bugs are very small these bugs have copepods they start off as babies 90 microns there's a thousand microns in a millimeter so and it's 25 millimeters in an inch so it's very small and they're barely visible to the eye and then but they go through 12 stages and they start off as they're called the napoleous they're like they're like round and they don't look like a cockpit at all i thought when i first saw them they were a different creature then they turn into something that's like in between that's called puppets that are like teenagers and then when they it takes them about um two or three weeks and they get full size full size about a millimeter long so they're definitely visible to the eye but they're hard to recognize that they're a bug because we're not familiar with them and because they're dead one of the first satay that people said was that since we didn't see them all these time this time and by all accounts by all logical accounts these things have been in our water since we've been drinking new york city water so that means the reservoir system was created at least the current one in the 19 in the early 1900s so it's and all reservoirs have these bugs um all the the kineret they did studies on the kineric so scientists that were studying the health of the canard so they documented they're in any open water in the whole world not in any rutting water they can't survive in moving water but in any open water in the whole world any reservoir or lake there's going to be if you go to prospect park lake which is an artificial man-made lake but happens to be there for a long time you'll find copepods so so the question so the first hatter was maybe they're not visible they see we were drinking this water all this time and no one ever noticed them so that had to pretty much most people let go that had to once you start seeing the live ones because you know we all eat uh we generally if it's accepted you can't eat let's say broccoli without because it's prone to infestation now it's people that know caches know it's impossible to check frozen broccoli because once it's soft and mushy you can't separate the little pieces to see the worms so no one eats frozen broccoli because he can't see the bugs the bugs are visible when they're alive so if the bugs of this woman are alive most pisces agree that it's so i brought some i went this past sunday did a reservoir i have new york city reserves by the way are public um public domain meaning you as long as you get a permit which is free and readily available you can also take a boat out and go out on the reservoir this is a net that's meant to catch copper pots so it's a special material that's just the right thickness to let the water through and let the copper pods stay inside then you put a little bottle here on the bottom and but the thing is that these copper pots we mentioned the food for the fish now they try not to be food for the fish they try to stay alive and there's a game you know like that so some of them live and sometimes the fish catch that's how the whole beer works so one of the strategies they have is that they go to the bottom by the daytime the bottom is nice and dark so the fish can't see them that well and then they come up to feed at night when it's dark on top so during the daytime they're deep deep down in the water they eat plankton little little they eat them little plants like the microscopic plants the green stuff that makes the the reservoir green sometimes i mean prospect quality you see something that has algae blooms they eat that algae so if you want to catch them especially by day you have to have like a long rope go to the center of the reservoir and you let this straight down and and then you pull it up really fast because they also are very good at jumping they have five sets of feet and two tails and four antennas and they move them all at once so they could really spring like a foot in the water at a time which is one of the reasons why it's hard to just if you're going to just go with a cup to the reservoir you're not going to get a copper pod it's going to disappear a long time before you pull up the cup but if you take one of these things and i had my helper vaccivia show my 11 year old daughter so she lowered this down and quickly pulled it up and we we connected so we collected some some new york city reservoir copepods so i'm going to pass around these um little jars there's the clear jars those are just copper pods and if there's two flashlights there if you want to see them better hold the flashlight from the side and they'll jump around because they get stimulated by the light the other ones are the ones that are dirty so that has soil samples because in some places the reservoir was uh shallower so we got samples from the bottom and you'll see a lot more different bugs that exist in the water let me just turn on so you have all the different there's arthropods and amphipods and i don't know the scientists are specializing these things and uh and they were very happy to be of as much help as as we needed because they they were they were really excited that people were interested in their work what did you think was the name of that lady oh dr reed you remember from last time oh that's my daughter my daughter uh so i want to talk about that all these years everyone's been over how could that be there's a very good answer to that there's a very good answer to that but i want to say save it for them okay um because i want to make sure i say the practical stuff um the copepods are the ones that are white although they don't have to be white they're whatever their food is that's what they they are and they're the ones that jump really fast and then they hang and then they jump and then they hang and then they jump like they're like they're like electrons around an atom they like they don't go from place to place they appear here they appear there whatever whatever so once i got to the live ones most people realize that it's probably not a good hater um i just want to go through the hectare that ravelski ended up agreeing with rubelski was very much animate that he has to try to find the hatter he told me that straight out that you know if you can't find a hater he's going to say it's awesome but he will he's going to try as much as he could to find something so just to say in short it's uh you know kosher food like things that we eat like it's not that it has it doesn't make demons where it is we have a crew whatever but these thailand are this exists occursive that it's only us if they grew in yamim in khalim meaning if they were born and grew up in yamim and means a sea like a lake or a sea and then is a river so then there are sir but uh sheriff's that is the cost of the shirts that grows in a cup of water so meaning that it's already the second generation the first generation was in the cup of water was introduced and then it had children and the children that were created in the cup of water are mutter 100 mutter there's no human there's nothing it's mutter it's considered part of the water it's considered like as if it's water and since the eggs are microscopic so we don't treat the eggs as as something so it's considered it grew up from the water so now the question is um then there's a machaikus in the gemara about things in between yamam and khalim and cups of water so this the mars has three three properties um one property is is that yamanakalam is in the ground and a cup of water is man-made like it's it's your own vessel the second property is that yamam and are perennial meaning they're fed by springs and they exist the whole year a spring we're going into the geology but rain water that runs off once the rain is gone the creek is going to dry up but if it's creek that's fed by a spring so that means that the water part of the water gets absorbed in the earth and then it just keeps going down and down and down so the earth is full of water and eventually it hits bedrock that means there's a layer deep down in the earth sometimes 100 feet sometimes 50 feet whatever that is rack and then the water has to move sideways so that whole hill that whole mountain of of land is like a battery full of water and then the water runs sideways and eventually finds an outlet where it comes out the side of the mountain that's called the mayan so that water won't cease in the wintertime or the summer time meaning even there's the subway it doesn't rain the whole summer mayan will be producing water because it's used it's getting the water from the rain that came throughout the whole winter that it got absorbed in the earth hit the ground hit the rack and went sideways and formed an underground uh river and came out to the mayan so that's not even that's called that it's perennial it's always there so any river that's perennial that's that's there in the even in the dry season or a yaman because they're all fed by such rivers so that's the second quality and the third quality see if i can remember so now yeah so so most natural rivers have wells the third property is that there's movement like yamaha has movement because it's running downstream and yaman because it's so big the winds pick up the water and create waves and movement in the water so that's the third property so if you have a cup of water it's missing it's not moving it's just stationary water it's not on the ground and it is not perennial if you don't fill it up it's going to dry out and it won't be left with anything so now if you have a water pit in the ground so then it is mutter also even though it has one property it's in the ground but in one day you have like these water pits in the backyard or whatever so it's a cistern so um but it doesn't have the other two properties there's no movement and it's not it's man-made it's it's fed by men if you have uh something that has all three properties um let's say for example you create you go to a perennial river and you dig a ditch to irrigate your field so it's um it's in the ground there's movement and it's fed by a river throughout the year so then it'll be us if it only has two meaning that it's um it's a man-made ditch that's fed by rain water so that when it rains the water comes shooting down this this stream but when it's not there's no rain there's no water so then it's that's um [Music] it's it's how to treat our reservoir is uh a question because what what is what how do we get where do we get our water from so what happens is is that what they identify a place with is a nice river and then they see that a place where there's a nice river and steep mountains on both sides and then they build a large huge ujangas wall but really big we're talking about like 300 feet tall and a few thousand feet long to seal off the front of this river between the two mountains so what ends up happening is that that's a dam and the river hits the wall and fills up and starts flooding the whole area the flood the towns and that are in that area and then you end up having a huge lake and because you created this wall to create this lake you could control how much water is going to come out of it so that's what they did they did that in the caskets and in the delaware area upstate and then they created 100 miles of tunnels the tunnels are 16 feet wide to bring the water to new york city this is like considered one of the wonders of the modern world is this is that is the water system that we have in our city and because the water is so pure because the castle it's really catskill spring water it's really getting really pure catskill mountain water so the federal government exempted new york new york city from filtering the water that they're delivering because the the whatever dangerous stuff could be in the water is not in this water so that's what new york city water because it's so healthy has these little thailand as well and also a bunch of dirt the reservoirs happen to have been created in a place in the original engineering reports they write that there's a silt a very fine silt on the sides of the reservoir that when it fills up in the summertime it stirs up the silt and you um and you get really dirty water so in actually you can see that this is the new york city water this is the tilt so it's like light brown so um so this is the stuff that clogs our filters actually very often and in the springtime filters in new york clog three times as fast than the rest of the year because the spring times when the reservoirs fill up with water because the snow is melting in the castles so um the rivers are engorged and they're sweeping all this dirt into and it takes like a good few months for it to settle so the the question is what's a reservoir you know reservoir is in a certain sense a lake a lake is like a yamim it's supplied by rivers if that's the case then the should be a problem though these thailand are born in the reservoir the thing that's the redeeming thing for new york city is that the last reservoir is the one that's close to the city receives water from a reservoir further up state and that those receive water from azervas further upstate so what happens is it's like a daisy train the rest of us from the water from the farthest reservoirs travels through tunnels to the closer reservoirs and then it finally reaches the last reservoir which is called kensington now ken kenzika kansako reservoir um is right near the city it's like a few it's you know in westchester and it has its own watershed it was originally a lake but its size now with the dam is so massive that it's the original lake is negligible meaning that the the watershed around that's what it's called the area around the reservoir that supplies the water it's called the watershed so the watershed around kensico could only supply two percent of the water for kenzika so 98 of the water comes from upstate and it comes through tunnels now the tunnels are gravity fed there's no motors or anything but it's controlled by man meaning man the the dep decides which reservoir they should take the water from depending on water quality issues um depending on supply and demand or rain in different areas whatever it is so since it's controlled by manchester ubelski was the opinion that the these residents are not considered naive they're not considered perennially fed because the natural source that would feed them perennially would be only two percent they wouldn't be able to fill up what we currently have and therefore so the whole reservoir is considered a bar it's considered a huge cistern and the the man-made cistern and the bugs that are knighted in a cistern are mutter so once they're as long as they stay with the water and there they stay motor so that was the reason why he was not he himself didn't filter he himself i checked his water urn and um he had there was bugs in his there's cockpots in his water urn iron but most kamat came out all the rabbanim um all the all the casual agencies and another yashev was down on the sheila and he also held that it was us so la mesa most people most people i think filter the water um the so the there is only new york city that has to be filtered meaning the five boroughs legally if you go into like lawrence if it's legally lawrence it's not new york city water whoever wherever you pay your tax bills your water bill to that's that's what it depends on so long island gets this water from two from two huge aquifers on the ground rivers that are anything that comes from underground there's no tail on because they can't live that deep there's no sunlight there's no plants there's no food but new york city and westchester get their water from the catskill from these reservoirs that are unfiltered upstate meaning in the catskills even though they're right next to the reservoirs they don't use those reservoirs so the they may use local reservoirs or they may use wells but either way they're going to filter because they're not exempted by the federal government so they're going to filter it the filtration that's done municipal wise is usually effective they're filtering it out to take out things that are microscopic that poison people that make you sick to your stomach that are sometimes dangerous so they only they generally do a good job and we've had a couple of cases over the years where there's some kind of cities that that you know they didn't maintain the filters properly and either there were some schwarzenegger colonized because these filters are sand the huge filters are sand filters like big swimming pools full of sand the water just passes through it then they switch to the other swimming pool and they clean out the sand with agitation and they go back to this one that's how they do it so if they don't maintain it properly then these chassis can actually kind of colonize not these ones these ones live in open waters but they're relatives different copper pods that live in sand so they'll colonize the filter and then they'll come out live in the in the water we had that happen but it's not so much the reason why these are so much so there's so many of them i mean the places that are infested you can find 20 in a gallon meaning in in 16 cups of water you can find 20 25 bugs the reason is because the new york city takes the water not from the top of the reservoir not from the bottom the bottom's full of the sand and the top is full of the leaves and whatever but then they take it from the middle 60 feet down and they take it with 16 foot pipes meaning that they use such a massive amount of water that sucks in huge amount of water so these things even though they could spring away from fish they could jump out of a pail but they can't escape that that big suction that's coming from the from the uh from the big tunnels there's huge tunnels that we pull our water new york uses 1.2 billion with a b gallons of water a day so that's a huge amount of water and it all comes from that last kansas reservoir meaning it passes through 30 days it stays in kenzigo about 30 days from one end to the other end and then it comes to the city so there is one question actually sometimes when kensico has a problem they shut it down and then they get the water straight from upstate if that's the case then it's more difficult to beam after the water because um the upstate reservoirs are directly fed by by lakes and by rivers and mayonnaise and it's not no one knows when they do that it's it's their old internal stuff but they do generally it happens like it's not uncommon for it to happen staten island is the same as the rest of the borough i i was listening to what i spoke 14 years ago and i made a mistake then i thought stanley was better and at that point i said i wasn't sure because the dep found the standard island but my sampling didn't find um it depends on the location there's some locations that generally are good the where the yeshiva is in staten island the shiva stand island all the way down by the outer bridge crossing they they don't have it i've never found talon there in any significance but in other neighborhoods there is so it depends a lot on the neighbor it sometimes depends on the location of neighborhood which like we explained before um so i just want to give some practical things um first thing is what do you do if you're traveling often people ask if you're in a hospital so generally the water syste the water machines that are in offices or in hospitals or whatever are filtered and the reason simply economics the company that's selling the machine sells likes to have expendables things that they could re sell over after the machine that they can continue having your business so they will um so they'll they'll include a filter in the machine second reason is is that people are spending so much on the machine they want to make sure that the water is really good and those filters are all reliable the hospitals are reliable because they're designed to work well the issue comes out with filters and we have a list over here of on that's paper which fields are reliable which are not it really changed a lot in the 15 16 years since this started and we were researching filters um in the beginning most of them were good and they were made in the united states but now they're all made overseas there's two types of filters there's filters that are designed for health those are going to say they remove 99.9 of cryptosporidium and giardia and those are um eggs of bacteria of microscopic animals that will make will cause severe stomach problems so and um sometimes they exist even in municipal waters if they don't let's say those cities that we mentioned that didn't maintain they fill this properly so people will end up getting sick so people sell these filters to take them out those filters are all good those filters the replacement cartridges start at like 15 20 dollars so those are going to be expensive they're going to be designed to work well this would be an example of such a system so you have a filter head this is a filter cartridge but you're not putting in anything except the entire thing locks into place and and that's it you can't do anything wrong you know like this if you do it wrong there's not going to be any water in other words it's a sealed system so that it was made in the factory and it was made well the other type of filter which is much more common is and it's much less expensive as sediment filters sediment filters are designed for people that have like wells in their backyard and they're pumping up water from deep down in the ground the water is safe to drink because it's coming from so deep down so the earth acted as a filter the the planet earth acted as a filter but it sometimes has dirt in it so they want to filter out the dirt so they'll buy sediment filters now this is an example of a cheap sediment filter and it's just a piece of polypropylene woven together to catch the dirt and it goes into this housing which is much less high tech it's simply a canister and the filter goes in and just because it fits just right meaning it's measured it's created with just the right uh size so it's gonna create us you know if i don't seal it you could hear it shake but if once i close it all the way it's gonna create like a seal on top and on bottom and all the water's forced through it works but it doesn't work 100 reliably the industry standard is is that if you say your filter takes out let's say 5 micron or 50 micron which is things that are below visible to the eye which would be perfect for us you know 5 micron 50 micron 25 micron smaller the number the smaller the piece so they would be good but it only has to work 85 percent that's i mean you could be certified from the nsf which is the laboratory that certifies these things as being a five micron filter but if it lets through 15 of things bigger than five micron it's fine now that wouldn't be such a problem because these creatures are like a thousand microns they're they're a millimeter but there's no limit to the size that it lets through meaning that what happens is that there's ends up being a small weakness in the filter because it's designed so cheaply because it it is no real seal between itself and the housing it's just the pressure of closing it where it touches the housing on the top on the bottom so the ends up being when as the water pressure builds up meaning as the filter gets brown and full of dirt and it starts caking over so the water doesn't have where to go so there's 55 pounds of pressure forcing trying to get through this filter and it'll exploit the weakest spot of the filter and either create a hole or find the hole meaning find the place where the polypropylene soften and is not pressing against the housing so well and at that point all the bugs are going to go through because these five these this material was designed to catch five micron dirt or 25 micron dirt and it gets embedded in the pores but these bugs that are um you know what we said a thousand microns or whatever they're going to just bounce off the material itself and that gets stuck in it so the water currents are going to start directing it to the place where there's the fastest movement which is the place where there's that hole and they're going to all get through so we've had that you'll see pictures on uh it was a ge filter not a cheap brand that was as if there was no filter there so when it comes to sediment filter it depends not on how many microns it says on the label you could say five microns but it could still be not be really useful yes okay so get that in just a minute so what we ended up having to do is checking each one and it became a pattern most at the end of the day most of them weren't reliable there is um there were some that were originally reliable like made by aquapure they were made out of a certain material then they changed the way they made it and so at the moment there's less and less there still are some that are reliable and then there's this one is this one that i created to be honest i make a few penny i make a few cents every time you buy one so i just want to be open about that but it's designed to be first of all the polypropylene is hard it's not soft and it has these plastic end caps with like a rubber washer so that creates a um a much better seal so the high end filters the ones that are rated for cryptosporidium that's i just got it from them like they basically all have these rubber end caps because they want to have there are some high-end filters meaning the ones that are designed for health that are not that still work on these open systems not sealed but they'll all have these um rubber so i just asked for a few more pennies just a little bit more expensive the glacial market doesn't need this there's no purpose for them to have 100 reliable sediment filter because if a little dirt gets through no one's going to even notice no one even cares so they'd rather just be a little cheaper for us you just add a little bit more just add these end caps and it makes it a reliable filter so how long it lasts is something that depends depends on the look it depends on location oh it's um cloud water thank you so the it depends on the location um some locations are just dirtier like they just do that location schleps in more dirt more bugs and if it lasts if it does if you filter it doesn't clog you probably don't need one but there's probably no bugs all together and how long does it clog depends if there's ever like water department activity a fire department activity and then if you probably have seen in your life i've seen many times brown water so what happens there is is that the sediment settles in the mains over time and generally the water all goes in the same direction like the remains are generally predictable but over here they're opening up a hydrant or if there's construction do the same thing and then there's also on turbulence because all of a sudden a huge amount of water is shooting out from a place that it normally doesn't go and the water is going all the sudden in a different direction and it agitates the sediment that's in the main and brings it up so it'll look like that water over there no i don't think so yeah that's always possible that's always i don't know i'm saying that's always possible so so your filter will clog really fast and that's why it's always a good idea to have extra filters because you know how it is therefore so you you want to have extra filters around so if for times for high pressure times now there are there you need something portable because let's say you're in a place where you can't get filtered water and there's no i should say that all bottled water and all um seltzer all sodas are all battled soldiers are good because they filter the water um all the bad wood that we when you buy pollen spring water and you see all those pictures with all the trees and everything with the springs and it's all true but the reason why they make sure they filter their water and they pass it through the good filters not the sediment filters they want to make sure that you're happy with their products so so all bottled water is good the um the soda fountains meaning if you go to a restaurant and they serve you from soda that they make themselves that is hit or miss even if it's coca-cola or pepsi cola the the bottling companies don't make the established food service establishments filter their water it's up to them if they want to they'll provide filtration but it's not always there another thing that's that is good is refrigerators that come with water dispensers so those are all good not because the filters are necessarily so good there are cheap filters there too it depends depends on what they're selling you some of them are sediment filters and some of them are the filters for health but because the pipe the water that goes to the fridge is goes through a pipe that's very thin the thickness of a pencil it's a quarter inch flexible tubing and the water litter literally dribbles through that pipe so that there is no pressure it's the pressure that causes our problem if there wouldn't be pressure it'd be very easy to filter out these bugs so one of the aces is to use a coffee filter because we found that if you take just this paper filter which costs about a two or three cents each and you put it in a cup and you make a hole on the bottom of the cup and you pour through water with another cup meaning you fill up a cup of water and manually pour it through the water that'll come out through that hole will be perfectly clean so you need three cups one with a hole in it and this paper filter one cup with water and the third cup to catch the water and then you hold the cup with the hole pour the the water through it and and you'll catch the water on the bottom cup that's all good um it's the water pressure that makes uh filtration a pro makes these struts and get through remember they have exoskeletons they don't stick to things so they don't get stuck in the filters and if there's pressure they'll squeeze through happens to be that the brita pitcher filter that's designed for chlorine is no good um it's it doesn't the holes of the material that it basically it's only designed to take the chlorine out of the water and make the water taste better now the chlorine is taken is taken out of the water chlorine is dissolved in the water meaning it's not a solid particle that's suspended but it's chemically dissolved way sugar or salt is when you add it to water so the way they take the chlorine out is by putting it through carbon which chemically bonds with the chlorine and pulls it out of the water so they because they want to help the water get through the pitcher and not have to be there is no water pressure so it takes time so if they they have loose carbon and they have a very loose membrane to hold the carbon so in the beginning it'll work but as the carbon gets saturated with withdrawals and they'll start coming out towards the end of its life it starts coming out but there are other picture filters like by other companies that are designed for giardia they are designed for health and those picture filters they have some mechanism to allow the water to come through even though there's no pressure and those will be useful for for schratzer there's okay there's practical questions you could read the sheets if you put a filter on a main it helps it helps um the whole house so it's a very practical thing but yeah you know the what happens is is that you have one of these but a bigger one like um i actually have it over here it's a 20 inch on the main but it's going to clog and it usually clogs when the water is used the most which happens to be usually air shabbos or pesach especially because the water is dirtiest then so it's not practical unless this one in the house that's able to change the filter themselves that's a little handy and has enough kayak to open it up um it's not gonna die um the only thing that you could do on the main if you have a few extra dollars is to put in a backwash system that is like a tank that's bigger than me full of sand and it's like a miniature municipal system where the water runs through the sand and then they then like twice a week it flushes itself out sounds like a washing machine and then it settles down and then it starts working again so the backward system is very reliable and very effective things you can't rely on it by itself for two reasons one is that um while it's backwashing it doesn't filter because again it's it's meant for dirt so no one cares a little bit it'll get by while it's backwashing it doesn't filter just let's unfiltered water even if you set the back wash at three in the morning but there are times when it gets saturated if it gets overloaded the wood is really bad then chan something that's called channeling occurs and the backwash system will let the bugs through so you have to have one of these cartridge reliable cartridge afterwards to catch if something gets through but if you have both if you have the backwash and the cartridges afterwards it's perfect like it's practical it doesn't it's maintenance free it should last it's lasted so far most people haven't had to replace anything if it's done right if it's installed properly and then you have some various under the sink filters and i guess i'm just going to leave the information there and you could read it for yourself if someone wants information at different time there's a telephone number seven one eight three zero one nine zero three two i usually are the one picking up to be honest so um but it's a it's a hotline number so i'm seven one eight three zero one nine zero three two um if a person has a filter on the main they have to make sure that the um the bypass is closed every time you put a filter on the main because it may clog and there won't be any water for the house the plum is half by little put in a bypass so you have a picture over here to learn how to know if it's open or if it's closed i also have pictures of the bugs there's a few different types of bugs in our water a few different types of copper pots so just for your information that's the next page after that um and then washing dishes you don't need a filter good news like they don't stick to the dishes the little drops of water that sticks to the dishes don't have any bugs in them so as long as you let that first film of water go off or you just put the dish upside down to dry it it's fine and then you don't need for dishwashers either so cooking water doesn't help cooking water has a minute has some effect depending on how long it's cooked but it has to be cooked for like a half hour and even then it doesn't completely destroy them like half of them remain so but the avid if someone cooked food without filtered water it's pretty clear that it's milder but if it holds that that since it's not um clear anywhere in new york city if there's bugs because some places don't have any bugs some places are moxic there's always bugs and some places um it changes so or in between so he holds that that the whole city has a dinner meeting on matsuya meaning that if you go if you go um just for short in taiwan there's three categories there's one where you're shocked that you found the bug you know if you found the worm in your watermelon you'd be you'd be cooling up someone you know what happened look at this or um then there's things that you're shocked when you don't find so if someone knows how to look and check strawberries or raspberries and doesn't find anything he shaq like wow look what happened right so that's that's where you expect it but you're not always there like it's it's not if you don't find it's also understandable so new york city water is like that a lot like we expect to find it but we're not surprised when we don't find it at any given case place so in that case um it adds a suffolk there may not have been a bug in the water so but the avid if the water was cooked so there's two cycles maybe it was a bug and even if there wasn't and even maybe there was not a bug and even if there was a bug maybe this it disintegrated while during the cooking so it makes it motor but to use hot water that's not filtered is not is not uh if someone's macronutrient have to be back in hot water too because it doesn't destroy them dishwashers are good because it's like it's just like washing dishes they don't stick to the bugs i wanted to discuss that question brushing teeth is a question uh we'll discuss a little bit is um there's a there's verbatim that'll matter brushing teeth even though they're the rest and they're about brushing teeth but the logic to be make at least one logic would be that you're not having a mind to swallow the water so when you take the water to brush the teeth you have a mind to spit it out so even if you may end up swallowing um some water that's masasec mesasek is mutter meaning that it's um if then the definition of assassin is if i have in mind to do one action and a completely different action takes place as a result instead not as a result but instead so then um so then it's it's considered muslim and it's now it happens to be by loving meaning when you eat the gemara says that we don't apply musashi when you eat something that's awesome like hey left we don't apply in the rule of massage because the image says because so it doesn't apply in that case it's considered as if you had a mind to do that action in the first place but by schrotzen where it's considered something that's moist that's disgusting at least for jews so so it's not going to say that you have ano and therefore if a person is massacred by schwarzen it's mother so the um so that would be a child to be makeup by by brushing teeth so that leads me to the other question there was a question people ask is how could it be that we were over all these years and you know how many serum it's it's in my house let's say right so i have 20 20 bugs on average in a gallon of water so you know an average shabbos the family goes through a few gallons of water so we're talking about six and each one is four laven so and and throughout all these years and so there is a very nice i heard from rebbe reisman in the name of that he asked the question how come we have to be worried about taylor bishop if it's something that's muksek like we know for sure this time let's say raspberries right we said that raspberries if i ever eat raspberries and i don't find i check and i don't fight climb i'll be shocked so every time i pick up a raspberry i put in my mouth i'm really taking a raspberry with a little bugs in it and putting it in my mouth that's the given so i can't say i'm a sasic because i'm expected to know that this thing is a raspberry plus a bug it's not just a raspberry so i took and put in my mouth so it's it's considered but if i if something that's that's not um that's not music so it means that it's less than fifty percent the chance when i tell you there's no chance nintendo you don't because that there's a bug here so how come i can't why is it awesome to eat it should be music by the toilet because i don't have a monty to tell him i don't have any interest in them i don't i didn't i don't see them and i don't want them so zalman says that that's the the din that you have to check when it's mid hamato when it's only when it's less than 50 but it's common it's unexpected it's normal so then that's the dinder abundance that's he says that's what they were they said even though man i thought i would take it to eat something that's only that's not moksha but illam but hazal said that we want you to to check so you can't just rely that there's no bugs here you have to check and if it's if it's a meetha matsuri it's not if it's miche and mata you don't have to check let's say onions usually you don't find the lime in the mac usually so you don't have to check um but something that's mutsu so let's say lettuce let's say it's a so you have to check you can't rely because of dinner about anymore you can't come up with the hetero of nasa you can't have the excuse of nasa but if it's something that you weren't up he didn't have to check meaning it wasn't known new that this thing is one of the things that's mit hamad say people thought it's one of the things that's near chain right it's unexpected it's uncommon so as long as there's no here to check so whatever we consume by eating it without and and actually eating all those bugs is still considered massage meaning these are zero kappa so it comes out that all these years there is for for whatever reason we thought that there was not telomere in the water so there was no here to check so and today also if you go to even in places there's no filtration like seattle i was able to check the water in a few places in seattle you find once in a while the sheriff's but it's like not much it's not even mitamatsu as far as i was able to say in boston there's no filtration and they didn't find yet tell them in the water so all those years it comes out that that um that we weren't check so we have the right to be to use the din message that we didn't do anything wrong at the moment though like now that we know so if we hold that the bugs are really bugs and not just water so then and they're visible and whatever so then there's a gift to be by to filter and there's just one last thing there's a there's a pierce i heard from someone at the end of on the mishnah that in that in the mesa meshiach that the truth will be um despise the downtrodden yeah yeah so he says that um that that's going on that in those times people there'll be a rebirth telling and people will say yeah it's too much can't be whatever so he said the ms is whether it's going on that thing that that uh that this that nakuta that it's hard to accept that this and everything around us that's the understanding of daras but the gemara says in marcus the same idea that rothschild zacchaeus is israel if you got hebrew i'm terrible saying wanted to give us a lot of opportunities so the umar says it makes it hard it's not so easy when it says it's talking about things that we wouldn't want to eat anyway like like they're disgusting who wants to eat them right so and in our water we have talon we have dirt you know like if you take out a filter it's black you know literally black that's the dirt from the reservoir so it makes it easy to one two one to filter so the bunishlom gave us in a certain sense an easy way because it doesn't take much if you do it right if you put the right filters in it's pretty much maintenance free it doesn't need a lot of maintenance depending on what you do and and the amount of bugs that you're saving yourself from and each one is 411 so it gives a lot of so good to sponsor a collagen she retired five one eight six five one or email tape center at yeshiva.com [Music]