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it is day number 319 of our daily study
of
RA and in the three chapters today study
track of M we're continuing
in the high court and the punishments
that are handed over that to them to
administer we have today four
Mitzvah negative commandment
280 is the prohibition against
perverting Justice
against a convert or orphan this is
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from yudai in Deuteronomy
24:17 and this verse may be familiar to
you from a Mitzvah that we learned
several weeks ago I read the full verse
to
you
Mish do not pervert the judgment of a
righteous convert or an
orphaned Al and don't take a Widow's
garment as collateral do you remember
that Mitzvah when we were learning hel
Mala theas of the Mitzvah of giving
loans and how loans work we had negative
commandment
2041 which was not to take a security
not to take collateral from Widow okay
so that prohibition was from this same
verse but also from this verse we get
this prohibition which is from today's
Savor Mitzvah not to pervert the
Judgment of these two
protected categories of people the G and
the yosim the convert and the orphan why
because these are people who are often
unprotected Mar marginalized and they
don't have people to stick up for them
so Toyota gives them an extra measure of
protection now you're going to say hold
on a second you're not allowed to
pervert Justice for anybody you're right
but this is a double prohibition so
you're right perverting the Justice
against anyone is prohibited but this
makes it a violation of two prohibitions
okay positive commandment
177 is
is in the verse
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um Leviticus 19:15 it
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says in righteousness you shall judge
your fellow what does it mean in
righteousness you shall judge your
fellow okay it means primarily to give
equal treatment to the litigants not to
say say to one of them go ahead speak
your mind talk as long as you want and
the other one you tell them come on
hurry it up we don't have all day you
have to give the litigants equal
treatment also included in this positive
commandment is that if a judge begins to
hear the arguments of the litigants it
is now binding upon him a positive
commandment to issue a ruling and
finally also included in this positive
commandment is just a general uh mitzvah
for all of us not just judges but all of
us to judge our fellow favorably but
sadic give them the benefit of the doubt
judge them in a favorable way negative
commandment
276 is the
prohibition what's what it says in Al in
Deuteronomy 117
luru is do not fear fear any man what
does it mean do not fear any man it
means that if you are a
judge and you're afraid that this person
who is in your court is a tough guy he's
a he's a violent person and you don't
know what he might do in retaliation if
he doesn't get the verdict that he wants
it is a Prohibition against fearing him
you're not allowed to take that into
consideration you have to rule according
to whatever Torah says to rule without
fear of what a human being will do
negative commandment 274 finally is the
prohibition against bribery a judge may
not accept obviously payment from any
party of a case but any type of
favoritism that would cause a judge to
be biased toward one of the
litigants and there are various examples
that are given in the tal and also
brought in the Mish by the Raam of
things that are really intangible it's
not payment but it sort of creates an
affinity between the judge and the
litigant and that's that's not okay the
judge can't really have any bias toward
one litigant over the other okay those
are our mitzvah for today we'll see you
for more tomorrow God willing
