CHAZARAH - Menachos Daf 78 | "Nothing but the Daf" with R' Eli Stefansky

[music] >> Good morning BOYS AND GIRLS. DO WE HAVE A SMART SENIOR OR A SENIOR SCHOLAR OR A SENIOR SCHOLAR ON THE last line of the enzyme of base? Yesterday we learned about the carbon tyda. Carbon tyda has 40 breads, consists of 40 breads. 10 of them are comments. 30 of them are matzah. Something like this. 10 comments on the right, 30 matzah. Now, we learned yesterday that the comments is made out of 10 strainum. And all 30 matzah are made out of the same amount, 10 strainum. And we learned that we learned from actually two sources, but we're only going to talk about one right this moment. We'll talk about the second one in a second. That it's like the two lechem on shvuos. The what? The two lechem on shvuos are the two breads that come with the carbonus, the two shlamim. The gift of atzeres. Each bread is one issaron. So therefore, each one of these 10 comments breads is one issaron. 10 * 1 is 10 strainum on the right side. As the gemara, wait a minute. If you take two breads for shvuos, each one is one issaron, so that's two strainum. So the total is two strainum. So why don't they say that the 10 comments breads, the total should be two strainum? All 10 breads should be two two strainum. Where did you get that each bread is one issaron? So the question is the gemara says the word tiana. From the word tiana I learn that each bread gets one issaron. My talmud asks the gemara, where what Omar talmud lamid tiana. My talmud, where do you see it in the word tiana? Omar Yisrael Adimi by chazal madal. Tiana it says with two yuds. So Rashi should have said tiana with one yud. The extra yud tells us 10 strainum. And therefore I'm going to divide the 10, each challah gets one, just like the lechem shnei lechem, each challah got one. Says the gemara, eima sariki pizi. Where in the world did you get a strainum? Doesn't say in the torah strainum. It says tiana. And I'm telling you that it means strainum. Says the gemara, be'esrim mikasa. Yeah, it does say esrim. Where does it say esrim? In that pasuk, right before, it says shnei lechem shnei esrim, sholosh tiana. So it does mention over there shnei esrim. So by us also by the carbon tyda, each bread is an issaron. Says the gemara, lamadnu asarah lechomets. Okay, so you told me how we know the comments gets 10 breads. Each one is an issaron. We learned it from the shnei lechem. Asarah lematzah but how do I know the 10 the 10 strainum for matzah? Yeah, so back to this picture again. I just like this picture. We dealt with all the the breads on the right side, the 10 comments. That's each one is one issaron, 10 strainum. How do I know that another 10 strainum for the 30 breads on the left? Talmud lamar achalis lechem chometz. It's like a hekesh. The comments and the matzah are one pasuk. Ow, the matzah you bring al chalis lechem chometz. Together with the comments. Connect the comments to the matzah. So whatever the comments is, that's what I do for matzah. Now here's the problem. Where did I learn Where did I learn comments? The ones on the right. Where did I learn from? I learned it from shnei lechem, from shvuos. So there's a concept in kashum, only in kashum, not in the rest of the torah. If I learn something from something else, I can't teach I can't use that I the thing that I learned. So by us, what did I learn? I learned comments. I don't know torah. I don't know how many. I had to come on to shvuos. I learned it from shvuos. So that's it, I'm stuck now. I can't learn matzah from comments cuz comments is something that was learned from some from another place. How can I continue learning? V'chi davar al omed b'hekesh chozer omed b'hekesh? Here, so just as a with a visual, if this would help you, the the the shnei lechem all the way on the right teaches the the comments challah. The what has to be one issaron each one. So how am I going to hear this Rebbi Dovid you? You with? It's easy now. So how am I going to take the challah challah of comments and teach from there the challah of matzah? You The guy in the middle is something that was learned from another place. If it was a pasuk, okay, I could take challah of comments I learned from above. Now I'm teaching matzah. But it's not a pasuk. I learned it from a hekesh. So I could only do hekesh once. I can't continue on with another hekesh. V'chi davar al omed b'hekesh chozer omed b'hekesh? Says the gemara, I'll tell you why. Hemanu davar acher. This middle guy, the challah of comments, is actually you need two sources to teach it. First of all, here. So let me just show you this thing. Boom. How do I know it's 10? Who told you that it's 10 breads? Comments. So that we learned yesterday cuz trumas ma'aser, remember? Trumas ma'aser is 10%. The Levi gives the kohen 10%. So maybe it's 10% of all the toyda breads. Oh. So I had to come on to truma. I learned one thing from truma. The second thing, how the the amount, exact measurement each one, that I learned from shvuos, shnei lechem. So it's something that you need to come on to two separate limudim. Oh, two separate limudim is different. Now I can teach something else. Hemanu davar acher. I'm learning from two different sources. As you can see in this picture, I'm learning from truma and shnei lechem. So therefore I can continue going on the hekesh. Amar Rebbi Akiva, davar acher lo yavi hekesh. The problem is there's one that says that you can't continue learning. Hanichu lav davar omed b'hekesh, davar omed b'hekesh mai yikumi mai? Says the gemara, listen to this. Tavi'u u'vo'u. So let's see the pasuk. Here. In addition to shnei esrim tiana, it also says the word tavi'u. So tavi'u is teaching us about the toyda bread. So we're going to treat it as if toyda comments bread is in a pasuk. Not a hekesh, in a pasuk. Oh. Once it's in a pasuk, what's the halacha? Once it's in a pasuk, you could come and teach other stuff. So I'm going to learn the matzah from the comments which is in the pasuk. Not from a hekesh, it's in the pasuk. Very good. Next. The fine chazal madal by the mishnah. Hamilu'im hoyu bo'in kamatzah shel toyda. Fascinating. We already passed one. Al chalis lechem chometz. By the way, four lines down, pasuk in this week's parsha. And there's many of them in this on this daf. But the milu'im, milu'im, the end of the milu'im, the inauguration of the mishkan, the last last day, the final day, with big one, is today. Yud beis Nissan. Hamilu'im hoyu bo'in kamatzah shel toyda. What does that mean? Just like the toyda. What do we say? The toyda has three matzah breads. What are the three matzah breads? Do you all remember? Challois, rekikin, and what else? Levucha. So does everybody remember challois and rekikin? And lock me. This is the milu'im. Come to these animals. Great. Hamilu'im hoyu bo'in kamatzah shel toyda. What kind of breads as you can see over here? There's a whole basket of breads, but only three types, the matzah breads. What's missing? The comments breads. Challois u'rekikin u'revucha. Revucha is the boiled in hot water. Nazirus chayeis shnei yados. If a person is a nazir and he and he finishes up his nazirus, like Rebbi Turjaman, he only brings What do you see in the basket Rebbi Dovid say? How many? Two. Chayeis shnei yados. Kamatzah shel toyda. Two out of the three of the toyda. Which ones? Challois u'rekikin. And what's missing? The ein bo revucha, doesn't have revucha. Therefore, going back to yesterday's math, 15 kav of flour for three types of breads. 15 / 3 is how much? Five per type of bread. Oh. So now if you only have two types of bread, how much flour is there? Nobody answers. Just Rebbi Dovid. Now we're going to have to edit this again. If this What? No. >> [snorts] >> Now we're going to have to edit it. >> [laughter] >> We have to edit it. We have to edit it. Nachum you have 15 kav for three types of bread. Each type gets five breads, five kav. 5 + 5 is 10 + 5 is 15. That's if you have three. Now if you only have two, how much do you need? 5 + 5 = 10. Again. Nimtzu asarah kav in Yerushalayim. If yesterday by three breads there was 15 kav, so for two breads there's only 10 kav. Shahein shisha esronos ba'im. Okay, this is super complicated. Okay. Yesterday we explained that each each type of bread gets 3.3 esronos. 3.3 esronos. So 3.3 * 2 is how much? 6.6. 3.3 * 2 = 6.6 That's why the mission says change shishas it's going to be six volume and a little bit more. There's no way to say in in mission language 0.6 so the usually we just say volume and more. Okay. How do I know that by the we need three types of breads all my craw? Again parshas hashavua last week yeah yesterday's So here time out what do you see over here it says challahs matzo we saw matzo in the Torah so it says in the Torah m'furash challah What else does it say m'furash in the Torah? It says shamen I don't know what that is. The rock cake so we have challahs and rekikin. So basically we have these two m'furash in the pasuk. What's missing? The the revucha. Bishlam challis challois bishlam challois the pasuk says challis. Rock cake how do I know that you have to bring a rock cake? Rock cake it says m'furash rock shamen I knew but when the Torah says the challas lechem shamen what are we referring to? What's very oily? The revucha the Torah is talking about the revucha that has a reviis alug. A quarter of a log in it. Has a lot of oil. Maslul aviv eimo unto the mishkan. Maybe it's referring to that you have to bring not only a challah and not a rekikin but you have to bring oil cake. Asks the Gemara who told you that's revucha maybe it's these oil cakes. Hello to the daughters of Nachman bar Rav Chisda bar Rav Tavla. We're going to go a different route. What are we looking for? How do you know that the miluim gets three types of breads? Challis rock cake and revucha. >> [clears throat] >> It says in the pasuk guess where this pasuk is. This past week's parsha. Zeh korban Aharon v'Aharon yikrivu lashem b'yom yisoi. V'chimal man l'man b'yom yisoi. You know the the the kohen gadol becomes inaugurated. So the kohen gadol we know brings minchas chavitim. What's minchas chavitim? Every single day he has to bring a mincha in the morning and in the evening. The first time when he's inaugurated he has to bring a mincha. It's called a minchas chinuch. Every kohen when he becomes the first day that he does the avodah he has to bring also a minchas chinuch. The question is in the pasuk why does the pasuk say that when you inaugurate the sons it's b'yom mishach oisoi. The day that Aharon kohen was also inaugurated. Who cares? Like why why is that important to us? It says why because I'm going to learn the sons from the father. That the minchas chinuch should be similar to the mincha that the kohen gadol brings every single day. The mincha that the kohen gadol brings every single day is cooked is boiled in water it's a revucha. So too the minchas chinuch is also a revucha. Sorry the the the Yeah the the minchas chinuch is revucha and therefore also the miluim is also revucha. So here I know that there's a revucha by the miluim. The fact that there's a rock cake and challis that's in the pasuk. I'm still I was searching for revucha here's the source. When the kohen gadol does his avodah his first day imagine the excitement. You know he sees the gadol hador he's the kohen gadol. He goes to the Beis Hamikdash and does a minchas chinuch for his first first avodah. Plus he has to bring the the the chavitim that are every kohen gadol brings every day so he has to bring too. One first daily mincha and one for his But Mar Shmuel says shaloish. And Mar Shmuel says no it's not two it's three. The is no machlokes. We had a sugia already so you should know this. Oh the avodah k'shehu kohen he did If he already performed avodah in Beis Hamikdash so today it's his first day as a kohen gadol so he has to bring a minchas chinuch for kohen gadol plus the chavitim for the kohen gadol. But if he's never performed avodah before in his life so now he has to bring one minchas chinuch as a kohen hedyot as a regular kohen. Then he has to bring another one as a kohen gadol. You can't skip you can't jump to the President of the United States before you're I don't know what it's not a good mashal but you know what I'm saying. In in kohen gadol you have to first be a kohen hedyot then a kohen gadol. But he never performed avodah. Look he it's this kid right over here. It's on the day of his bar mitzvah. The final guy like the Karliner Rebbe. A little kid boom we decided you're the kohen gadol. Vilna Gaon genius knows kol Torah when he's bar mitzvah. He said okay you go but he never performed avodah at all. Now people are going to send to me you have to be 21 this that okay I get it. The point is how is it possible that that a kohen gadol has never performed avodah as a kohen hedyot and he and they right away jumps in his first time ever is as a kohen gadol. Aharon kohen the zeros bash k'maser in the mishnah that the nazir when he was finished with his whole zeros he'd bring two out of the three types of breads. Ton bar on shlamav also a pasuk in this week's parsha. The Rabbi Shmuel says nazir laseres korban yishlamios v'reviis shamen. It says by todah shlamav so comes to include to say that the nazir has to bring 10 kav yishlamios. 2/3 of what a todah is and a reviis shamen. Asks the Gemara yachol k'maser omer b'inyan maybe it should be exactly like a todah and he would have to bring a nazir would have to bring three types of bread not two types of bread. Talmud says matzois. It says the word matzois. So what if it says matzois? My Talmud what are you learning from there? Omer Rabba davar shenemar b'matzois l'afukei revucha d'lo amar matzois. If you look at the pasuk over here the second word in this pasuk is matzois u'rekikei matzois. So it says the word matzois but by revucha it doesn't say matzois so it's not included. The Beis Shmuel says check this out there's a mishnah I want you first to look on this. There's a mishnah. We have two lines to get to the mishnah. So no trauma now okay please. It's it's really simple. Look at this I'll say about Pesach make even less trauma. If the Torah says a generalization which is a klal the Torah says all matzos so includes challahs rekikin revucha challah whatever all matzos. But then the Torah says two types that's called a klal and a prat. We were discussing always klal prat u'klal it's a sandwich. The generalization very specific a generalization. So we have to expand the very specific things to more stuff. But that's because there's a generalization at the end so it expands it it makes it more. But now it's very very limited. The Torah said matzos but I have no idea what type. When the Torah says rekikin and challis the Torah is saying only those two don't even try to add a third one only two. That's called klal u'prat. Yeah? That's it that's the end of the sugia. So says the Gemara matzos klal and we even even we even have a chart for that. Matzos klal so you're going to put all types of breads in there. But then the Torah is very specific. Challis and rekikin. So it's only the two that the Torah says challis rekikin the other ones pop out of the basket. So don't ask me oh maybe it's revucha also. No the Torah says challis rekikin. Klal u'prat and that's in the Beis Shmuel omer ein b'klal elah mash u'prat. It's only very specific you can't add more challis rekikin in. Zog der Gemara the mishnah. Hasochech es hatodah lifnei v'lachma chutz l'chomah. So the way it works is you bring breads you buy breads. You say these breads are coming with my todah. What happened? The guy was in jail. A guy had a disease and he got better of his disease. A guy went over the ocean those days in a wooden boat you know 50/50 if you're going to come out alive. Comes out on the other side of the ocean he has to make he has to bring a todah. So the todah is a is a korban korban todah which is kodshim kalim. Plus he has to bring 40 breads. The 40 breads when he designates them as breads they are they are um kedushas damim. They have a lower level of kedusha. When do they pop up to be kedushas haguf? When you shecht the korban. When you shecht the korban poof the kedusha it gets infused with more kedusha it becomes super holy. But provided that the shechita that the breads were in close proximity to the to animal as he's being sheltered. Why? Because it's like it's like um cell phone coverage. You know, you have to be within, you know, you have to have coverage. If you're outside of a you're in a dead zone, it doesn't work. So, you have to be inside. Now, the Gamara is going to have a to what's inside. Inside Jerusalem or inside the big dash. The if the bread is outside of the wall, there's two walls. There's the wall of the and the wall of Jerusalem. Like it doesn't get the extra that it got. Shut actually if you shut it and the bread didn't get crusted on the top in the oven, which makes it a bread. I feel a common colon. If all 39 breads became crusted but one of them did not get crusted, like call this you have to have that all 40 breads are ready and and they're actually considered breads. Otherwise, they don't become some college. So, the Gamara what does it mean outside of the wall? I mean so I have a beautiful picture now as I saw the first time it was like I think to myself if we had this kind of art 3 years ago, it'd be unbelievable. Today we're so used to it. It's a yeah, I just say yeah. I mean the detail are the people walking around, the animals you can see over here outside of the wall. People coming and going, camels, donkeys, I don't know what. Okay. So, according to Rush Lakish, it's outside of this wall. Uh I got to go back here. Outside of this wall. The wall I'm sorry, that's the part of it. This wall. Or even over here. It's a very tight spot. You have to be within these walls in order for the carbon to work. According to now, it's expanded all this, all this. The wall of Jerusalem, okay? If you're in your breads are in then it doesn't work. We're talking about when the Torah says that the matzah should be it means next to. Literally next to. As long as it's in Jerusalem, it's good. You don't need it to be next to. As the Gamara what need was there for them to argue on this this one. Think about it. They already argued this once before. This is not said in the Mishna. I think this is unbelievable we're talking about era of Pesach. We are 2 days before Pesach right now. And and the Gamara is bringing a Mishna from from Sukkah. When you shut the carbon Pesach on era of Pesach on comments. So, check this out. There's a famous that not everybody knows what it's what it is. They just say it but they don't really know. This is we got to know this cuz he's coming today and we're going to be shutting the carbon Pesach in the the big dash. And we got to know you cannot own any comments when you shut the carbon Pesach. You got to get rid of it. We do. We should be getting rid of it by the time we go to the big dash. You might have the carbon Pesach. So, this is comments done free. Do not have any comments. Now, where's the comments? Is the comments in your pocket? Is the comments in your house? Is the comments in the Where where is that your item? So, here we have the of the of a comment. If every Pesach you shut the comment that you have to shut every single day of the year, you shut it in the afternoon while you own comments, you're over. But you shut it. The actual shut it. The shut it has to have the comments or the or the guy doing this go. Anybody that's part of this carbon you might have a so you shut it and it has to be inside of has to be in close proximity. So, basically the same amount of the same sheet that he's saying over here, he's saying by us also that the the the breads of the have to be inside of and over here your comments has to be right next to you in the zone. The same who argues over here in our city he argues in Sukkah. I will be the comments if it's in your house, you're over. So, why do I need to three? I need both. If it only said the by Pesach, but he said so. The colleague is listen, if you own comments, I don't care where you live. When I sell my comments here in America, I have to be very careful and tell them, "Hey, I own comments in MDY. I own comments in in I own comments in different places in all places." It's not just here wherever I am for free on this. It's even in Israel. So, this is comments obviously goes everywhere. So, if you shut the carbon Pesach and you own comments 1,000 miles away, who cares? You own comments. That issue is attached to you. So, it's going to affect the the carbon. You're going to be over. But by the carbon it doesn't work like that. I have a new dash. But now I'm trying to infuse into the bread so maybe the bread has to be close. Maybe it's not good that the bread is 1,000 miles away. Maybe it has to be has to be inside of it. If the breads are inside of while you shut the carbon then the breads become college. But if they're outside, then it's too far away. Maybe and if it only said by the I wouldn't call Bunny Slopes. Listen, you got to know some but it's green. Green green slash blue. The reason why says over here that it has to be close maybe when you have the even 1,000 miles away, 2,000 miles, 6,000 miles away in Israel. The comments is comments. It's yours. You're going to you're going to suffer the the consequence for owning the comments. So, if you shut the carbon when the comments is 6,000 miles away from you, you still over on the issue of we're just doing the reverse now. But And when it comes to Pesach, he's going to that's why I need the in both Thank you it says exactly like why it says when you shut the inside of without the party and the breads are outside of Jerusalem. What does it say? According to it should say and the breads are outside of the zone. Why does it say and the breads are outside of Jerusalem? The it's match like then in order for the breads not to work, not to have to be far away outside [clears throat] of Jerusalem, it's not enough that they're outside of the big dash. Shut actually when you have a tunnel. You shut this you shut the carbon and the breads didn't even come crusted in the oven. You know how do you know they have to be crusted? The it says they have to be breads. It's not a bread until it's crusted. From here you see it has to be that it's crusted. It says in the Jacob I'll say that. The mission of the carbon that these breads that in order for the breads to become college, you don't have to shut the carbon. That's what it says in the that's the mission of the mission. Like everything else in you have to have the right intent. Turn around. What about a rear bread? Rear. Like you know there's a rear steak? A rear matzah. This I think would come as a surprise a lot of people. If you made a matzah on a frying pan on your stove, are you out or not? Yes. I we we know it should be in the oven. No, you could be out also in a frying pan. My matzah no. What does it mean? A rear matzah. Parts of the matzah. When you pull it and you have little strings and we have a video to show you what those strings are, then if there's no strings, then it's okay. Whenever the breads of the when you pop it open and there's strings, it's no good. Why why should it be good? By the it says it should be whole. Walk in the big army. So, you have a bread. Listen to this. You have a bread that's not stringy. But it's it's rear. It's rear. So, I would think that it's no good for the why? Because the needs to be whole. And it's not whole. Over here I would think since it's rear, so it's not good for the carbon specifically for the why specifically for the because it says by the part it should be whole and this is maybe I like to be not considered whole. It is good as long as it's not stringy. It might. She shut she shut the comments. Very simple so you only going to the Mishna. You're supposed to bring 40 this genius decided to bring to to to donate 80. Big >> [snorts] >> guy. Why 80? You're supposed to bring 40. No good, right? So, I have what to do. He says, "Okay, here's guess what? 40 become college, the rest are are joke." Don't be a big for me when it comes to this stuff. Don't do extra. The Torah says 40 is 40. Don't do 80. If a person says straight out, "I want 40 out of the 80, then it's okay. If he says straight out, I I want all 80, specifically all 80, everybody agrees, like culture. So, where is the He didn't explain whether he wants 40 or 80. He just said this should be college. You could say that he meant to make a a guarantee for himself that if you know, 40 breads is hard to make 40 perfect. Maybe one of them breaks, one of them this. So, I I did extra breads, so I should have. This genius doesn't know what he's doing. So, he thinks, oh, he just came out of Yeshiva, he doesn't know what he's doing, it's first time in his base of English. I'm going to bring 80 instead of 40. No, no good. 80 is no good. Nothing. If you got 80, then they're all no good. If you do it for a rise and say I only want 40, but if one of them is broken, I'm going to use from the other ones, that's okay. This time on I buy it says no, everybody agrees when a person says 80, he's not a He knows that he only supposed to bring 40. Why did he say 80? Cuz he wants to make a warranty here, a guarantee. How do you say what's the better word? What's the better word for not warranty, guarantee? Like a backup. I have a silo whether the the clay shards, this college clay doesn't make my breads college on its own without me interfering, without me having the right intent. What clay are we talking about? We're talking about the knife. There's only one clay for the title. The title doesn't go in a basket. But you shut the carbon with a knife, and that knife is a clay shards. Does that knife give to the bread without you having cover? That's the whole question. If you have cover, yes, it gives but you don't have cover, what? The prophet says no. Everybody agrees that if you put it in a regular clay shards, it gives a to you. But over here, I second clay shards. That a knife has a like a clay shards. Given the list of toys. We can No. When it comes to clay shards, you need to have intent. Intent is always important. The clay shards is a better knife. My second I leave them with clay shards. A knife is better than a clay shards. Now I got the list of toys. Even though it doesn't have a inside, it's a So, it says the over here My second I leave them with clay shards. The knife is better than the clay shards. Now I got the list of toys. It doesn't have the inside. The clay shards has the inside. So, you put something in, it becomes college. Now I got the list of toys. The clay shards still has the the power to give My second I leave them with clay shards. Another man says no. A knife is not as good as a clay shards. Boys, I have a wonderful day, and thank you for coming. >> [music] >> Merit the source of spreading Torah throughout the world. Sponsor a sheer today. Mdy sponsor.com or sponsor.mdy.com.