The mitzvahs of Pesach and Pesach night - Harav Yosef Yeshaya Braun, 5786

Okay, we're starting part two of the series of this year is dedicated. So the first year focused on what we call the abstaining from the negative all about cleaning a lot of stuff he went through over there. We're not going to repeat everything and I would recommend people to go listen to the first year if you think that we missed out some details that might have been covered in the first year. We are now up to the stage of PES. I'm going to focus more on how PES prepares for PES for the seder rather than the stuff about well the is done on PES and if P is a very special day aside for the fact that it's the birthday of Rambam the Rambam was born on P was a shabas and we're actually told unusually we're told about the Ram exactly when he was born he was born an hour and a third after midday and as the told us so much about the uniqueness of learning Rambam So today that we celebrate Rama with all the other stuff that we're doing on PES, we acknowledge that it's the birthday of Rama writes on PE one should fulfill the idea of we always have to be focused at Hashem is in front of us all day long of PES we're serving the we out of love and out of fear there's so much that we're doing of PES in preparation for PES writes a letter that when Yidden had a mdash we had a Y which was a very joyful of PES and during the PE we used to said how unfortunately nowadays we don't have a B mdish but we make a commemoration for what they did when there was a B mikd hopefully this year will have the B mdish back we show the kadush of this day we are very involved in the mitz of the day as and preparing for the sed and according to after midday actually not let it do work because it's a semi so we have to be focused on the aspect the writes inab on that of the same day. There were two days in the year that the same day was split in middle that there was such a marked difference between the attitude I'm feeling the first half of the day to the second half of the day and the same day the mood has changed completely midday made such a separation midday that you felt as if it's two times of the year one of the things we saw our that he would give out matas on after the reb would wear zidons he would wear his silk shabasant of clothing wear gle and indeed many have The meaning that they wear already shabas of clothing after midday midday over here in New York is 1259 a minute to 1. And one of the practical as mentioned a minute ago is the idea that you now let it do when there was a B mikdash it was forbidden to do after midday because it's a time of bringing the carbon pes and when you bring a carbon it is forbidden to do even when we don't have a mash unfortunated tell us like someone who violates what kazal say he will not see a sign of blessing from that work forever. Whether he's working for for money or even for free for himself, for others, for it's forbidden. What is the criteria of work? Whatever you're allowed to do, you're allowed to do out of PES, you're certainly out of PE after midday. So something which is unfortunately going to get ruined, we called it of if you don't do it. Something which is an unprofessional activity and is needed for Yam is allowed to be done. only regular full-fledged work, making new utensils, sewing new clothing, washing clothing, that may not be done. But an old garment that was a bit ruined and you needed to it was ripped a bit and you need to sew it. That's fine. Even if it's professional writing, for example, it's considered a so even if it's done for a mitzvah should not it shouldn't be permissible. It's only permissible the way it's done which the criteria writes. I'm not going to go through all the person is learning and he's writing as he's learning that's not called proper writing. That's perfectly fine. Writing letters is fine. Haircuts. You're not allowed to give a haircut to another Jew mid from midday onwards. You're not going to give a haircut to yourself. You have a give you a haircut or all other even if it's if it's done through a then it's fine cutting nails is if you're allowed to cut nails after midday or not says that you could rely on those that say that you're allowed to cut nails when it comes to much more but you should try to be stringent and try to cut your nails before midday but if you forgot that you didn't cut your nails before midday You could be lenient and cut them after midday. Business should not be done. Although strictly speaking, business is not called. But the meaning is to forbid to do business at a pes after midday. This is all after midday. Prior to midday there were different hag. Some had a custom that even prior to midday they didn't work and some had a custom they did work. Nowadays the meaning is that people do work before midday. And as the place say if only people would keep the not to do work after midday. We're not going to tell them about a minute before midday. That's not the established mik today because it's a yumptive and it's associated with the kadush of the pes. People should really primarily be involved in matters of the it's time to go take a bath, take a shower, go to the mikvah and be involved in of the of love and appreciation of the that's coming to us. There's a special nothing to do with work on every not only of pes. It's actually primarily about edif. It says that edifous if somebody does bloodletting which is we used to do that in the olden days bloodletting. It was a type of cure to release blood as a cure. Blood letting of is a sak as a danger. Now because it's a sak they made a rule you shouldn't do blood letting any of y not to confuse slings. There's a question if today's forms of blood tests are all considered bloodletting. One should definitely not schedule to begin with a blood donation or blood test for PES because it might be considered the same as blood letting there was no reason to do it on PES. Sometimes if it's and you have to do then of course you have to do it then. So we start preparing for the sedar and for the for the meal of P and the things we should remember in terms of our preparations of P. First of all, you're supposed to have your table all set. So when immediately it becomes night you can start a sed right away. You don't have to have extra time to start setting the table and all the things you need for the seda such as matzas and wine. Make sure the bottles are already open, all the things you're going to have on the kaida, roasting the checking the lettuce. We dry our lettuce also because we're worried that by we're going to put the lettuce onto the mat the mat will get wet and grating the horseradish preparing the kois in what inois officially in kares is supposed to be apples peers nuts ginger and cinnamon our mini gives the writes for many years already became the meaning that we don't do ginger and cinnamon it says only apples, pears and nuts. There's a story that in labav told the bak that we don't put only apples and nuts. It doesn't even mention peers. People say that also was no peers, but I can't tell you. And I don't know if that was based on on the people in the kitchen. But in says apples, pears and nuts. Only those three items is what put and the things have to be crushed and prepared before the sedar. Now the problem is the some of these things if you're going to be doing them on on pes proper when it comes by night it could be problems checking lettuce could be a question of these bugs and it could be a question of mama the bugs killing the bugs it could be questions of muk of b of so the right thing is to check it when it's still daytime it's also easier with sunlight it's easier to go and check your your lettuce by night also in a rush you won't be able to do things properly. So do your lettuce and if pes you're not supposed to soak lettuce in water for more than 24 hours cuz the hal is if something is soaked in water is considered cooked and you can't be with m that's cooked. So if you're going to be starting an early beginning early start then then don't do it for 24 hours. The matzah should be checked out of pes make sure there's no fles in the fuk doubled up matas matas that are blown up in certain areas. It says in that we have a meaning that if we find in our mat we burn them we cover it with something. We're not after pes for those doubled up mats we allow us to eat it but during pes we're particular. Now our mat are very very thin. It's hardly unlikely to find what we call where it's blown up. Even a kula a lot of people are lean into our matas. Generally the foss that we have in our matas usually are not really called a proper kula. If people are m they're the m only in the place of the folded not all the mats are around it that that that should be a problem. Ful means we doubled means where there's two sides touching each other stuck each other laying each other when there's no ear space in between that's called ful we're worried that it didn't bake properly could be a question of so some people in the maters they often check these things but sometimes they miss it and some mat bakers unfortunately don't check it so all these things should be checked in advance people didn't separate from the mas should be separated before yamv the one thing that we don't do when it's still daytime is Now it is our custom. It's naral and other reasons that the kra setting up the seda plate that we do at night right before kdesh the zya is supposed to be roasted. Now it's the carbon pesk was roasted and to commemorate the carbon pesk was supposed to roast our zya. The problem is the carbon pes if it touched metal became uncosher. When you put it on the oven and you roast it there it might touch metal. So, if you want to roast it on your oven, try to make sure that it doesn't touch the metal. Try not to use a metal tong, a metal fork. Um, a lot of people are not particular about this. There's a lot of reasons why it's okay, it's okay to be lenient. Um, if somebody could be m that's great and there's a discussion in about this, but a common custom is a lot of people don't even roast our Israel. They just cook. Some people first cook it then roast it. Some people roast it and then cook it. But follow your family custom. If you forgot to prepare any of these things before the seder, then it could become a problem the night of the seder. How to prepare them. We'll get to that in a moment. But before we get to that is one of the things that we eat by the seder is meat. To eat meat, but the meaning is not to eat roasted meat. Whether it's animal meat or chicken meat, it makes no difference. Fish you could roast. Eggs you could roast. Anything that needs to be Domin, we don't roast. So it shouldn't commemorate the carbon pes roasting pot roasting. Pot roasting in means that you roast something in a pot without any liquid but it cooks in its own juice. So it's actually technically not roasting. It's cooking but it's cooking in its own juice. So that's not exactly similar to the carbon pesa but there's an issue of modest iron. People might get confused and it might allow fire roasting because they see you roasting what we call pot roasting. And even if you put a tiny bit of oil but it's a drop of oil where it's just that it shouldn't burn that also one should be string and treated like pot roasting. Even if you cooked it first in water and the meat that you eating for the same I'm not talking about the z right now. If you cooked it first in water and then you roast it in a pot you also should be stringent. If you roast it and then you cooked it the cooking undoes the roasting that you can eat by the sed that's not a problem. Going through one of the other things for the sed not only is there food there's also dishes that we use all dishes that were not to should be to make sure you a problem to to something when you it's considered and it's considered as if you're fixing it. So what do you do if you tak if you forgot to to before y you have a that has to be used well if you have another that would be best if you don't have anything else if it's an item that you could use to fill up water from the mikvah with it. So don't to it. Fill up water from the mikvah and then it's okay. It got naturally toy. You don't make a I'm I'm you make it's like a trick. I'm just filling up water with it. But that's provided you plan to use this water. Now I don't know if you're going to want to drink the water from the mikvah but you're going to want to use this water to rinse for rinsing. That's fine. If you're not planning to use the water, so then you can't do that. You can't take your beak and fill up your pish cup and fill up water from the mikvah and say, "No, I'm just filling up a cup of water. Clearly you're tobling it and tobling is considered fixing a vessel and you can't immerse in the mikvah. What you could do is you can give it to a as a present and then tell the you want to borrow it from him. So now it's not considered your utensil. It belongs to a nonju and if it doesn't have to be this is a short-term solution that doesn't work long term or works for y because you can't immerse dishes on y after yv you're going to have to go again and to it anyhow. you just won't make on it. Glass glass is more lenient. Glass doesn't have to be only rabbitically and therefore if a person didn't have a chance to glass is allowed to be on not on Shabas is more lenient because its requirement of is only therefore it's not considered really fixing it. So we allow you to glass. So that's for those who forgot and didn't before. The right way is not to forget and do things on time. Also, before Ya, remember all the packaging of the new clothing. Take off the the the the labels that it has where it says who sold it, the cleaners labels. So, there's knots in the pockets. Check your tits. Tie up the tits. Everything should be done properly and all prepared before yam. Cut your plastic tablecloths. Those who were using plastic, make sure it's all cut before yam. You're not allowed to actually cut those int. It's actually absolutely forbidden. And when you're on that of y while you're remembering all about preparing for your beautiful seder, don't forget that tells us that when you're eating and drinking and being merry and y should feed the orphans, the widows, the gay, the convert, all the the poor people, people that don't have other people that can help them out. Those that sit in their home, they lock their doors and they eat and drink themselves with their family and they don't give to the poor and to the bitter people. That's not called a mitzvah. That's called says of stomach. That's an embarrassment. That's not a sim. So we've been thinking about ourselves for remember there's other people too that are needy and need your help. One of the things that are very relevant this year on that if y is whenever y falls out on a Thursday or a Friday or on a Friday in a shabas in order to allow us to cook from yamt to shabas. You can't cook on shabas. But you're not allowed to cook from Yam to Shabas either. So how do you get your food ready for Shabas? So whenever Yam is Thursday or Friday or Friday in Shabas, you're supposed to go and of Yam and take bread or matzah in this case and a cooked food and do what we call the which will allow you to cook for Shabas. So first you take this this matzah kosher pes matzah and you and the food and you put it in your right hand. we're going to be seeing soon. You're supposed to give it to someone else to pick up on behalf of the community. You give it to his right hand and then you take it back for them with your right hand. Unless you're left-handed and well with strangers, you do this on you should not be doing the night before proper that means Wednesday daytime, not Tuesday night. You take we said bread and a cooked food. Bread in this case means matzah and a cooked food. The most important thing is the cooked food, not the matzah. The matzah is the secondary part. The matzah is for people that want to bake on. But who's baking? Nobody's baking. And matzah, nobody's baking. But even if you're not baking, you might want to heat something up. You might want to make a cougle. Again, this won't be relevant for pes, but it'll be more relevant for other. So, we take that. We take always we take the matzah and the cooked food regardless if you're going to be baking or not baking. And the cooked food has to be something that you can eat together with bread or together with matzah in theory. I know we don't eat anything without matzah but in theory could be eaten with matzah. um something that people would never eat with bread for example um rice I'm giving nonp examples but rice couscous potatoes dried potatoes these things are not eaten with bread you can't use them as a cooked food for a native if there's a food that in certain places they do eat it with bread but where you lived it it's not a thing that people eat with bread it's not kosher for native if you made it actually is invalid has to be a cooked food not something raw which was actually cooked that could be eaten with matzah with People usually take an egg. And the reason why people take an egg, the alter never mentions to take meat or fish. The reason why people take an egg cuz eggs don't get ruined. Nowadays, we have fridges. It's easy to take meat or fish, which is much which is a more of a kind of food. There is an advantage of an egg. We mentioned the advantage. It doesn't get ruined, but there's another advantage of people usually it's easy to cook and people usually cook it on. They're cooking it for Shabas. They're cooking specifically for so there's an advantage of that. But mentions meat or fish. So there's definitely advantage in doing that. The meat or fish should be the size or egg should be the size of a kazayas. The size of approximately a half egg, a third of egg. And the mat should be the size of an egg. The vase is volume. You give it to someone else. You don't hold it with him. You give it into his hand. Ideally someone who is not a member of your family. Even though the person might be eating by you, you could use your adult son if he's married. Um, if you don't have anybody else, you could even use your wife and your kids or your adult sons that are that are that are eating your food that are not married. And the reason you give it to someone else is they should pick it up on behalf of the whole community. You say a phrase, this should be for the benefit of the rest of the community. The meaning is that whenever we make a native of tash and we include other members of the community even though it's to might not be necessary there's other people that are doing that. This is purely obviously of course if you're in a place where there's nobody else you don't need to have this aspect of doing it with another person that's because you want to help out other people in the community who might have forgotten it and they for something they can rely on the rabbi in the community and everybody acts like a rabbi and they're doing and doing it for everybody else. The person who you're giving to should pick it up, lift it up one. Then you take it back from him and then you make a and then you say a phrase in Aramaic by doing this should be permitted for us to bake to cook to to light candles and do everything we need to people in the city. You're supposed to say that phrase in a language you understand. If you don't understand Aramaic, it's pointless to say it in Aramaic. If you do understand, you could perfectly say na like it's in the sid. Now, if you didn't make a braha, as long as you didn't eat yet the cooked food, you could still make don't don't eat up the cooked food and say, "I didn't make a braha. It's over." No, no, you didn't eat yet the cooked food. You could still make an with a braha. As long as you remember before y came in, you could take a braha, take the food and and make a it. If you didn't say the words you said, you didn't say the words but this will be permitted for us. If you remembered before came in, take it again with in your hand. If you didn't make you make with it and say the words bad, etc. If you already make just say the words bad and so on. But you don't make again. If a person remembered after came in, we should be stringent and treated if you didn't say those words of this will be permitted. as if he didn't make an they are desperate situations. There could be certain leniencies but generally we should be we are if somebody did those it's very crucial to say the words not only but the words not just picking up food it's saying something with it that this food should help you allow you to cook. Now this food you have to have the food and the matzah until after you finish preparing all your shabas food. Once you prepared everything you need for shabas, you did all the needs of shabas. Now not could be technically eaten and the meaning is not to eat it. But technically it could be eaten and there you should put away the egg, the meat, the fish, whatever you're using and the matzah. Put it in a place that people should are not going to eat it. Best to have a bag which is marked. Put the food in a fridge cuz it shouldn't get ruined. If it's ruined that it's inedible and it's still out of and already got ruined then you make again with a person who forgets to make an sometimes you can rely on the rabbis. Sometimes the fact that you forgot is considered negligence and someone who's negligent cannot rely on the rabbis. Therefore, if you forgot, you have to ask of if you could rely on the rabbis of or not because of this issue of because of the common mistakes that people forget. It's a very good idea. It's recommended. They send notices on your phone, texts, email, social media. There are people that are forgetting. It's a very good idea. You shouldn't worry about the fact that you got 20 reminders of it's better to have 20 reminders than forgetting all together being able to cook for Shabas. If someone didn't make an there might be solutions how to cook without an whether relying on other there might be other solutions none of all those methods help they c some of them don't help for lighting candles especially nowadays that we don't really need candles we have electricity so all of this should be discussed with thereof even someone who's not planning to cook anything from to Shabas but they're going to be lighting candles you're going to be lighting candles at Shabas on for Shabas for that itself you And you make a even so if you do will not make you will not be able to light candles on for if you're not doing any any of then you're not making but if you're staying with other people that's a whole different we'll get to that in a moment. So let's talk about this idea of in terms of the owner of the house and all the other people. Anybody who was in the house is a member of the family. People in the house who are eating your food, they could do your the balabay of the owner works to everybody else because everybody's secondary to the balabias. You they all eating the same food. So the made by the balabas by the owner covers the rest of the family. A family member who's not eating your food and he gets he gets raw food then cooks it himself. In fact, they would need to have their own not considered secondary. So that's interesting. People have their for whatever health reasons they they make their own food. But they're not eating the food that's made in the house. That's that's they would need guest that are staying by some. So if you're really mish staying and eating by them everything that you're like a member of the family and you could be with the same the fact that we make for other people are other people in this city that are not eating our food. But but um the problem is it's not so clear the fact if you're eating by them only why would that work but seemingly you would have to be eating by them already and because this is not so clear it's always best to ask the balab you know be my make for me in fact of the take give it for that person to pick up and he will be included in the as well if a eats in a family but doesn't sleep there. That's fine. If you're eating then you stay in your res but you just don't sleep there. That should be fine. Somebody wants to be no problem. You can cast a bus to make for you and be you should be included in but you really wouldn't have to do that. If you made it and then a guest came over and the guest says oh you know let me take you and no you can't do that. He has if he comes over to your house afterwards he wasn't part of he has to go and now make his own with his own food. Whenever you make an it allows you to cook from Friday to Shabas. It doesn't allow you to cook from Thursday for Shabas. It also doesn't allow you to cook from one day to the next day. Like every you're not allowed to cook from one day to the next day. There's another mitzvah that we do. Some people do it every some people do it. Some some people do it out of PES the common custom is to do it every for those that this is relevant for them and that's if people need to carry between one yard and another we'll talk about in a moment the details make and they make you make and you make it's the same exact some people suggest to make one for both and it's a question how to make one for two things together and how you going to say it but the meaning is like it says in say from which is an ly and a lot of people didn't see what he wrote. He writes clearly you should make a separate once like it says in the once a separate and another what is whenever there's two houses sharing an area sharing a yard sharing a hallway. So you're not going to carry from your house into the yard cuz that's like carrying from a private domain into a public domain. You can't carry from one house to another even if you're not going to go through the yard kazal allowed you to do this if you're going to make an so what we do is on p which is the best time to do it for the for the whole year we take one matzah and we do that for all the of the year you should we only make an if there's two houses that oh these two houses can now use this and you can carry from one to another there's a window where the two houses can carry from one to another or the door. That's what you can make of sorry only works if the area is surrounded with proper walls. You can't if it's a place they not let a car to begin with doesn't work. If there's a non-Jew living there, someone who's someone who doesn't believe in the rabbis rules of etc. then there's a special you don't make for that person need to rent the from him. There's a special and you should talk to and find out how to do this. When we make the sorry again I'm saying I'm confusing the two. saying we make and again we say a special phrase that with this that I'm making I'll be allowed to carry bring in bring out car to the other area if you don't stand Aramaic say in whatever language you understand you say this before you give it to someone to pick up on behalf of all the people live in the apartment building in the yard you always make before you do the action so in this case you're going to hold this food this mata In this case, it's only matzah and you're going to give it to someone else to lift up. In this case, you have to give it to someone to lift up. It's not like you don't need to do that's a nice thing to be a whole community. The idea of is that this mat is going to belong to everybody that lives in this apartment building in this shared yard. So before you give it to another person to pick up, you make a and then you give it to someone else to pick up. If you already gave it to other person to pick up on behalf of everyone, it's still so long. Shabas didn't come in. It's the ad of works the minute Friday night the minute Shabas comes in. So so long shabas didn't come in you can still make the how does how do you do the someone in the area that lives there takes a mat belongs to him and he makes his mat belong to anybody that lives in this that owns this every a household that owns uh the shar shared yard that has rights to use a shared yard. If it's more than 18 houses, then you're supposed to like this. You only a third of it. A matzah the volume of a third of an egg is fine. If there's more than 18 households, then you're supposed to have enough that's matzah that's enough for two meals, which is 18/3 of an egg, which is six eggs. If you want to talk in practical terms in handmade matzah, handmade matzah is very, very different one from another. And it's also not in the same matzah itself. There's a difference between the center and the rest of the matzah. So I'm going to give her an average, but it's the word average is a totally incorrect word to use. I'm going to use it anyhow because I have nothing else to use. It's an average of about three mats. And you're giving this person is going to pick it up. Everybody in that lives in this apartment building for example and it belongs to them. They don't have to be there. You give you have someone else pick it up on behalf of everyone. The person should be an adult. Should not be should not be your children. that person picks it up at it's as if everybody lifted it up and he's picking it up for all the people that share this apartment building or share this yard and anybody that's going to move in as well. That's part of this. It's important people that want to carry throughout the year in the shared properties. Best time you do it out of Pes then you can use a mat stays good for the whole year and that's fine. Let's move on. talking about preparation for Yamal tells us a person supposed to go and purify himself before Yam which is going to men go to the mikvah and when they go to the mikvah they immerse they have a mind that should be for and they take upon themselves the kad of with a lot of the holiness of even someone that doesn't go to every single Friday should still go to it's not only the actual it's the spiritual purity once said preparing for means having new clothing. It means preparing your faculties of the soul. It means preparing your purifying your thought, your speech and actions. So that's all of course included on that late in the day when it comes to 10th hour on the day over here in New York. It's approximately 10 after 4 is about eating from that stage onwards in order that you should be able to eat the mat with appetite. In the previous class, we spoke about certain foods you're not supposed to eat already from Pes in the morning. But I'm talking about a special about from the 10th hour about 4 10 after 4. For us, this is not relevant about eating egg matzah because we don't eat that at all. We treat it like so. So from the time we now eat in the morning, we don't eat that anymore. But for us, but even other foods, fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, you're supposed to eat only a little bit. Don't fill up your stomach with it. Don't drink wine you're not supposed to drink from that time onwards. will an early generally it's a good idea to d because after we say the carbon pes which is about bringing the current pes which is supposed to be before sunset you can't bring a carbon after sunset sunset is about 20 after 7 over here because corresponds to the afternoon carbon in the bdish afternoon carbon when we dominance instead of a carbon When there was a mdish after the p. So after we're supposed to talk about the s of pes the would go and learn in depth the pesk and the general of pes relates us and he did the same the once spoke was after one day on p was in the room and the rebba said one time I came in to my father-in-law to thebred of and I saw he was sitting and learning and he was drinking a glass of tea and then the rebba my father-in-law told me that his father did not say carbon He he learned say he actually would wear a gar when he learned this and he would do it standing talks about us preparing for bringing the pes part of preparing for bringing the is learning the and where do we start learning the starting from the is printed for everyone so that's one good place to start learning the pes after saying more correctly learning the would normally by the an hour or maybe an hour and a half that it would be a new a new the house would be lit up was soalate so happy everything was nice everything was beautiful it was a attitude of a feeling of a mood of a spirit of pes after learning about it wasn't preparation it was yumpt there was the hope of bash was very strong there we felt that mash is coming any moment and there's going to be the bdash and we're going to bring the current pes and And we were involved in such pleasure with this. This was different than different was a big happy uplifted spirit. We felt the feeling from every corner the gul the leurim the gul smell from everything we in one moment there's going to be something that we heard about over so many years and that belongs to us the idea of pes you're supposed to read it say in the right time and you want when you're reading it should be like bringing the carbon and think about the mikdash the says that what we say to say is more than just reading about carbonus it's more than about learning anytime when we learn about our carbon we say about we say carbonus in We say this is much more. It's as if we're actually in the B and doing all the acts of the PE when we're saying we're actually sacrificing it. Now you don't have to say in the exact time when they brought the carbon pes as long as in the time when the current P was ker it's fine. So really we said before you should say before sunset but if you didn't manage till sunset there might be room according to certain opinions till nightfall to check the current pie sprinkle the blood. So do it after sunset on yam. We're not going to light a new fire because lighting a fire is a form of a you're creating something new and it's something that could have been done before. So you can't create a new fire. Therefore, you're supposed to always make sure you have light fire in your house. You could use fire on the gas. So you should be able to carry flame when you want to light candles. When it comes to second night pes, you want to light candles. We want to light candles of shabas which is the second day of shabas. You should have fire there. People who have a yard site and they want to light anal best to prepare the on ready and that burns for a few days because there are opinions that say they not light that you don't have any benefit from it unless you're putting it by the place of the meal and becoming part of the regular candles or was put in the by the by the but otherwise some people say you can't use an people who set the shabas clock should make sure they set it that should the time should work for both days and for shabas and I should mention a safety issue if If you're leaving your gas open for a few days, make sure there's open regular regular there's there's open um air current a window open a 4 in window open that that uh make sure that your carbon dioxide detector is working. These are things that you have to be careful about. People who use the narrow nim these glass narrow nim sometimes what happens is the candle stick to it and you want to light cows the next night you have a problem. So what you could do is you put a tiny bit of water a little bit not a lot a lot is a problem. a little bit of water or oil on this will help that actually the disc on the bottom won't stick to it before yv comes in check your clothing make sure it doesn't have any mah givea for the two days and for shabas because you can't get stuck on Thursday or on Friday or on shabas and get ready for lighting the candles we light candles first then we make the same we do on shabas and we make somebody made a mistake there's a lot of you have to do things differently you might make a mistake. In the PES guide that we put out, which is supposed to come from the printer any day, there's a special chart for all the different types of mistakes that you can make. I don't want to go through that in this class, not to confuse people and make them have make more mistakes. This is about what you're supposed to do, not if you made mistakes. So, if you did make a mistake, look in that pesa guide. The time for lighting candles, you're not supposed to light it on supposed to light it. The same way we do with Shabas. So, the time is 7:02. That's for those who do 18 minutes before sunset. Ideally, could even do even earlier. If somebody did not do that, then the line of light on Y. But make sure you're lighting from an existing flame comes might have the night of the seder. We start we have a MV. And again, people can make mistakes in their MV. We have a special chart for that. As mentioned earlier, writes that Shabas and Y are very different than the night of PES or phrase it differently. The night of pes the might is very different than every other shab and usually we ascend from one world to another world one level then another level then another level every we go up a level the night of pes when we dive we go up all the levels all at once have proper is great stuff that are happening when we ding this and following this which is said it's said it's said with a special pleasantness it says we make a before the end after the first night of P is going to say the second night. Those who don't have a minion should still say with ladies may also make a some don't say how but if those who say make if a person did not say how might have and they remembered and it's still before kadesh you should say it before kadesh in the is how but if you didn't say the before might and you remember it after the say it after the don't make a anymore that's not the time to make a the is only if you did it earlier before kadesh you'll say it again but without a we leave we wish each father the reb once wished when he came to visit say both are are good we should have both and for those who didn't do so is not supposed to be done but if you didn't manage to do you could do it on try to do it before you say the regular kishana with all the sukim before we start the seder night I want to talk about carrying on and there's sometimes carrying that that's there's carrying that's involved to get to the sed is you're allowed to carry from one possession to another from one area to another area. But that doesn't mean you can carry whatever you want. You're only allowed to carry things that you need that you need for that day something that you're going to need for the following day. You're not allowed to carry if you finish using something and you want to bring it back to the place you took it from. So you were by a s and you want to bring back the so made there's a special they allowed you if there's a concern if we're not going to let you bring back the you would not bring it to begin with because you I can't bring my gun I might get lost I don't know this is not a safe place then you bring it back also even though you don't need it anymore but if you if there's a safe place over there then you're not allow to carry it back afterwards you're certainly not allow to carry for the next day you want to carry your talis. I know I'm talking about the daytime, but let's talk about carrying going to mention all the you want to carry your talis from your house to shul. So you're allowed to carry your talis from your house to shul. You're allowed to bring it back also. But if you have a place in the you could keep it, you have a locker, you have a safe place, you have a place where you know it's not going to get lost, it's not going to get stolen, then you're not allowed to carry it. You don't need to take it back home. Furthermore, some say that y when you're leaving shul since you don't need the talis anymore and you could technically wear your talis. So why should you carry it? There's no need to carry it in your hands. So best would be if a bish a god-fearing person should be stringent and not carry the talis in their hand. And some people even on the way to even though now you still you actually need it but you could wear it. So why should you hold it in your hand? There was a the once saw one of an members of tashul and holding a talis and he told him to pass. There's a guy called for him it makes sense for younish you should carry your tal would often comment to people that are carrying the towels in their hand on y so it's not not appropriate it seems like it wasn't mish but the right thing it's not it's not appropriate for y if you could really technically wear it you know those that say that a keyh holder that has a couple of keys and you don't need all the keys for y you could only carry those keys you need is about that but I'm just putting that out there as an example of things that if you don't need it's questionable if you let it carry It's a mitzvah to start a sedar as soon as possible cuz we don't want the kids to fall asleep by the sedar. You can't start the sed until it's mish mish dark till it's night time which is 7:52 over here in New York is brought down that you should that there's a minute to give out to the children nuts sweets before the say they should they should ask why we're giving all of a sudden nash then they can ask questions. We don't have a good answer for that question. But once we get them in a mode of asking questions, so we keep them awake for the sed once said that he's surprised and even though it says nobody does this. So saying you should do it or you shouldn't do it, it seems like more implying you should do it, but try to do whatever you can to keep them awake and in a positive way. As we see from this, we start to say with setting up the Kra in in by the Reb's table, the Reb's table, the Reb writes, the members of the family when they put on the mat, they didn't have a bowl. They didn't have a kaida, a plate. They put it on the cloth. The only one that had a plate was the Reb who had a silver tray. The Reb comments on this meaning that in the Reb's house the in the's household that was a custom that this is only for by the Reb's table. If you're anywhere else in your own house you really should have the Reb wanted people yes to have a sed plate the s of la is part of the set. It's supposed to be 10 different items three matzahas six foods and a bowl which a plate which completes it all. That's the level of malus. So really everybody else should have a kaido. Those who did not manage forgot for whatever reason they didn't prepare all the items that they need for the sedar. Some of the items are problematic to prepare them on in a way that's permissible. First of all you can only prepare whatever you need for the first night. You can't prepare for one day for the next day unless you're doing it all in one act not a different act. So when you're doing in one requires one activity then you're allowed it's not considered you're preparing for the second day. Besides there's a few couple halas that are different when you're doing before which is why it's important to do before. I'm not going to go through everything. I'm just going to mention for example roasting is so you only roast that you need for that night. You have to make sure that the flesh the the meat will be eaten. We try to take up as much as meat as the flesh. We talk to take much from the bones of the but has to be eaten because if it's not going to be eaten then you're doing something on which is not for the purpose of generally we don't need normally because we don't to look like a carbon pes but the of doing you can only do it if it's going to eat on and you can't eat it by night cuz it's roasted so you can only eat it by day. Some people wouldn't even eat this even if it's cooked because it looks like the current past they want to eat by night they'll eat it by day. But these are things you have to be conscious of. As mentioned, this is whether you prepared it before, you didn't prepare it before. Even those that prepared it before should be conscious of the fact that our customers, we take off almost all the flesh. We leave a tiny bit of flesh. If there's no chicken or meat on it, it's not considered a cooked food. The is supposed to be a cooked food. And two cooked foods corresponding to So is only bones, it doesn't count. So we take off almost all the meat. Leave a tiny bit of it. If you didn't grate your horseradish before yam, you can't grate horseradish. You could cut up into small pieces with a knife or check take lettuce which is pre-checked. Kyois, you're allowed to prepare on salt. What are you allowed to prepare? You don't have to make any shiny mats. I mentioned earlier you should check your mats before you have to make sure there's nothing doubled. No kafulis and has doubled and blown up. If you forgot it's not a problem of ber to remove them on y or on shabas put them aside because if it is anything which is has that it's a question of put aside will be burnt after he separate whole matzah from broken matzah that's not a problem when people setting up the seder they often have a problems withishna some matas come broken I wonder why now you're looking forishna and you have a matzah that's partially burnt in a way that's inedible. So if it's totally inedible, it's as if it was cut. But if it's edible, then even though if it's partially burned, it could be joined. If a person is desperate, then they could even use the one that's burnt in a way that's inedible. Going back to the and I'm going back, sorry I didn't mention this earlier. If it's a not a real and a it's just some people are stringent, they want to treat this as if it's a double the blown up mat. You're allowed to move it on. It's not and same in the m parts of it are edible on P and parts are not you're allowed to move the rest. Once you started moving it, you're allowed to continue moving it. So it is if it's but very often you already have it in your hand or part of it is edible or it's not really it's only I'm going back to idea. If a person doesn't have whole matzah are those that say that a matzah that is missing only 148th of the matzah is missing it's still considered whole. Sometimes it's so broken it's missing even that. So there are those that say that a whole matzah and a half matzah is considered two. But some people don't even have whole matas. They have no whole matas. So they'll take two broken pieces for lack of any other choice. Of course, you should have two whole mas completely. What some people go and do is they take the mat, the broken mat and they go and burn and like that they're going to make it into a into a whole mat of now that's a problem because if we can it could be considered fixing an item which now we're doing even though it's for food purposes. Also, this is something that could have been done before Yamv. Sometimes when you're doing that it starts catching a fire. You have to extinguish it. You can't extinguish. Shabas is even worse. There are those that say doesn't count for was baked already. Was baked. Why you baking it again? Now, and even after you burn, it doesn't look like it's whole. So, maybe wouldn't count for it's not edible. But if a person's really stuck and he has no other matzah, so at least it looks better when it was burnt, it's definitely better. And especially when sometimes people anyhow it's a normal thing to re-ake matzahas because you want to have to have a better taste. So there's room for leniency if your person is stuck and desperate and has no other situation no other choice when we coming to set up the table. The the the sed I mentioned already earlier that you shouldn't cut from a roll of plastic. You're not want to cut plastic to make places to make a a plastic tablecloth for the table even if it's larger than how much you need. That's considered After cutting it's considered mak making a kal when it's coming from a roll it's considered like making a kali. You're not allowed to do that. So make your plast show you plastic tableclo in advance. It is our mig from generation after generation that the first sed we start right after m we don't have a long sed we want to eat before midnight. The second s we start very we start late and the would speak a long time about that marked marketly different the first s the second s before we do anything on these two nights of pes we're supposed to look in the or look in the and know exactly what we're supposed to be doing we would notice the when he would say when he would go to the he would always open the hag and read the words in the instructions next to each word it says in Hebrew what should be done he would actually read those words to himself, verbalize those words before the would read and before washing the hand the second time the would read because you're not supposed to talk until after we would read that all in advance. So it's important to follow instructions that are in the because you're supposed to be looking the night of P always into your know what to do and everybody has there's English. So we're not going to go through all the details of the night of the there's so much to go through. Everything is found in the we have the a lot of details but I'm going through a few things that people don't notice. There's some changes compared to what it says in the some of the more modern contemporary have this update but in actual words of it says differently. For example says that you dip the carpass in vinegar we dip it in salt water. It's mentioned that we make on the on the you should have in mind the you should also have in mind the it's mentioned that by we pick up the plate we don't do that we just uncover the matas that everyone spoke about this and he said that our job is to connect with everyone and to spread the wellsp springsings all the way outward it doesn't make sense that to pick up the seda plate and leave the table all the way on the bottom we need to go to the those that are on the bottom so therefore we don't lift up I say the plate, we just uncover some of the mats. It says in the that after we move the k to the other side of the table. We don't do that. We move it a tiny bit and we cover the matas. It says to pick up your cup and then cover the mat. No, you're supposed to do the other way around. It it's not trying to say the order first. You're always supposed to if you're going to pick up the cup before you pick up the cup, you cover the matas first. Matu or mat. It says take the mat. the mar we don't take it we put our hand on it we don't actually take it into our hand we threw the cloth on it we put our hands on top of it in the says pick up your cup until the end of in the more in the updated it's at the bottom not in the actual words of it says behold her until the we put it down and we pick it up when we come to theis is mixed with wine So we don't actually put wine into it. We have dry on the table right before we're about to dip in the m and the is we take some of the we put into our the saucer that's underneath the kishk and there's a bit of wine in there. We dip the m the in there where theis is when we say of the m we have a mind to exempl we do not dip into because we're concerned that the kesus is has wine in it and wine is wet and it'll go on the matis. We take some of the leftover dryes that we have on the kaida. Some of the we put into the wine in our sauce underneath the kdishka. Some of the is left on the sed plate and we put a tiny bit of dry in the we shake it off. Again, this doesn't say in the in the says the custom is to eat two of the pes for the mat that was eaten with the pes. And even though it says in that we eat before midnight the second night we're not particular about that. So these are things I'm just mentioning a few things that are slightly different. You can listen again to this just to recall and know what to do. There are many mitz we're going to do the mits that are mit rabbitical mitzvah story saying the story of coming out of Egypt is a mitzvah from the eating m the first time from the excuse me we want to do all those mitzvah properly we're going to go through bit of the details about these mitz how to make sure to do these mitzvah properly. First of all, there are measurements for each thing. And it's a good idea to add a bit to the minimum measurement to make sure you don't make any mistakes. It's also the measurement is about what's going into your mouth, what you're absorbing, what you're swallowing. Sometimes some of the wine pours out, some pieces of ma stay stuck between your teeth. These things are not included. And actually with the wine, since people recline when they eat the wine, when they drink the wine, often some wine spills out. So you could actually taste a tiny bit before you recline so you'll have enough and drink the rest when you're reclining. What's the measurement of matzah? Every one of the four cups of wine you have to have a ra a quarter of a lug means a quarter lug is a measurement which is a lug is the volume of six eggs is a quarter of that is egg and a half. I'll we'll talk soon specific details of those measurements. You're supposed to drink the minimum amount. You're supposed to but you're supposed to drink the meaning that we drink the whole entire cup. And we drink it all in one go. If you can't drink the whole cup, you should drink the majority of the cup. The last cup of the four cups of wine, you're supposed to drink a full because you're supposed to be able to make if a person can't drink it all in one go and he stopped a few times in the middle, it's okay as long as he's not stopping more than amount of time that takes normally for a person to drink. So if it's taking way too much time then that's a problem. If a person took more time you should really drink it again but without a the last two cups we're not particularly not to drink wine after the between the first cup and the second cup you're not supposed to drink wine unless you had a mind you're going to drink wine between the second and the third cup you're allowed to add drink more wine after the third cup you're not allowed to drink more wine only the fourth cup and after the fourth cup certainly not drink anything else. So we're very we're making a marked distinction in your behavior between the first two cups and the last two cups. In the first two cups there's room to be m if you waited some time you paused drink another cup. If you had a mind between the first cup and the second cup that you could have more wine okay so you'll drink another cup after the second cup you anyhow let him drink more the third cup unless you waited the amount of time which is called more than a which is minimum level 3 minutes 4 minutes 7 minutes. So that's way too much time to drink a cup of wine. Then you have to drink it over. Karpas was supposed to have a very small amount. We're supposed to have less than a kaz. Kaz in this case is about the volume of a third of an egg. A tiny very tiny piece of karpas. Mozy matzah is supposed to have two kazim. The kaz of the top mat and the kaz of the middle matzah. Those who don't have a ka don't have their own matzahas. People who just by the tables just eating some of the matzah. They're not don't have their own. So there's no reason for them to have two kazum. A someone who's old, someone who's sick and he can't eat just one cuz ice will do the job. And if I'm talking about someone has a hard time eating matzah, if they can't eat dry matzah, they could crumb up the mat like flour as long as eating kaz. If they can't even swallow that, they could put a tiny bit of water to help them swallow. Put a bit of water in their mouth. If they have no choice, they can even soak it in water. We don't soak matzah in water, but that's important to be mitz. You shouldn't use hot water. Put in a tiny bit of time right before eating it and take it out right away. Not fruit juice, specifically water. That's in order to fulfill the mitzvah of matzah the night of the sed. For the rest of yam, it's better to put it in fruit juice and not in water because we're worried wet. Matzah is more serious when it's water than when it's fruit juice. But for the sed of m is we use our customers we use both lettuce and horseradish the took a gaz of each. So strictly speaking that's not required. There's we take one of one of we take two and the writes if somebody has a hard time eating two of one is for the carbon one is for the mat that was eaten with the carbon he could eat one kaz and have in mind the kaz should commemorate either the pes or the carbon so I said so many times the word kaz what is a kaz all the volumes of measurements of the are volume not weight we often use weight measurements because it's easy for people to understand but the the measurements of the toyra volume. So for example, if you fill up the volume of a kaz and you fill it with water or if you fill it with matzah, matzah will weigh less. So it's not actually you can't measure everything the same. There's different ways to measure kaz. It's either the volume of an average size egg. Think of egg in your mind and think how much matzah fills up an average size egg. half of that. That's the she for it's not a half egg. It's a third of an egg. So when it comes to m we use a smaller kazay. When it comes to we use a small kazay. When it comes to the two of mata if eating only one you need to use the bigger kazay. If you're eating two kazum for matzah then you can take each one a smaller amount. Either way, people think about all these measurements when you washing making you're always supposed to eat the size of an egg in order to sell that applies a whole year and whenever you eat each of this egg in the amount of times within a few minutes so and that's relevant like I said a whole year it's very hard for me to give measurements for kaz because every mat is different but I would say the big kaz is approximately give or take and the give or take is sincere you really should give or take is approximately only a quarter of a matzah for the today's day and age based on measurements and the matzahas that we have and it's small cuz it's about a sixth of a mata it's less than what people think I said you have to eat this all in a time called you don't have to swallow it all in one go I know it's it is brought down then it's not the custom we don't swallow the mats all in one go it's practically impossible but we have to eat it in a certain time called there's different opinions starting from 3 minutes upwards some people say 4 minutes is more lenient to been in six is that writes is best to be for the opinion that it's within 3 minutes. But that means not the chewing that means the swallowing the swallowing of the matzah which is not hard to accomplish. People say that they saw that eating matzah it took them a very long time. It took about 40 minutes to finish eating the matzah. So the swallowing is happening all in one go. So don't swallow it. Swallow it all eventually. When I'm talking about the shear of the ra for the wine for the kadesh tells us how to measure with fingers with thumbs. So two thumbs length two thumbs width and a certain height. It's approximate volume of egg and a half the different measurements starting from it's about 3 oz starting from 2.9 O to 3 and 12 o. It's always better to get the higher amount, but if you can't, you take a smaller amount, a smaller becker wine. The wine should be red wine. Ideally, you could mix red wine into the white wine. You're allowed to do that. But some people particularly, they put the white into the red, not the red into the white. So, it shouldn't look like coloring. Try to get wine that's 5% alcohol. If not 5%, at least 4% or 3% alcohol. If you can't even do that, you can drink grape juice. And a lot of people do. It's a good idea to mix a tiny bit of wine. At least the wine should be a sixth of the mixture. A tiny bit of wine into the grape juice. If you mix water into wine or grape juice, even if the water is a majority, you would really still make a pri if it's still drinkable. People would normally drink this as wine. If it's normal to do it like that, you certainly can have six times water compared to the amount of wine that you have there. And you will not make of that. You ideally should not even have three times water. 75% being water. But I will point out that some of the companies already mixed wine before. So you might not be able to mix any wine. What did one say? He was asked how much water you allow to mix into the wine. He said whatever you allow, the company already did. It's not always 100% like that. But if it's people that buying these strong wines or people that make their own wine, they could definitely add water to it if it's still suitable to be drunk as wine. If somebody can't drink wine or grape juice for medical reasons, he didn't need to drink something else. what we call the local beverage. If we had coffee or tea in this there's different times we need to recline. We need to recline when we drink the four cups of wine mat and I mean we make the by the not supposed to recline when we're eating and drinking. This applies to men the woman the customers they don't recline. If a person didn't recline, it becomes a difference. If you forgot becomes there's a difference what in the crisis depends which cup after the second cup you let him drink more wine to drink it again. After the third and fourth you're not let drink again. So no don't drink it again reclining. After the first cup technically you're allowed to drink more wine but it's not the custom to drink more wine. So if you had a mind and you should have a mind before you drink the first cup if I forget to recline I should be able to drink another cup you should have that in mind and then you'll be able to drink another cup mat if you forgot to recline you should eat another kaz reclining you don't have to eat again after you don't have to eat again when I talk about reclining that's about reclining sitting you need to sit even those who don't have to recline should sit when they're eating the matzah the dal kois should not be done while you're standing How the reclining happens when you swallow. Okay? Not when you're chewing. You have to make sure you definitely have to make sure when you're swallowing, you're reclining. How do you recline? Reclining needs to be done on something. Like the way Kings eat, they recline somewhat. They move their head and most of their body and have it leaning on blankets or pillows, not on the ear. It's supposed to be on something on the left side. Leaning in such a way that if you take that out of way, they will fall. On the left side applies to right-handed people or left-handed people. If they don't have anything to lean on, they don't have blankets, they could lean on the chair on the chair on the on the handle on the side of the chair. You could lean on someone else. You can't lean on yourself. The told the following words You always have to think during the sedar you think about mench if you think about being a menchem will help especially think when you open the door don't ask form ask for ask for spiritual things the related this to theb and he told theb I don't want people should know that I told you this our went and publicized this even though he was personally told he doesn't want told me he doesn't want people to know that he told him this and I will mention talking about the rebag this year marks 80 years from when the Reb published the Hagada. It's a good time to renew our commitment to learn the Reb's Hagada. Writes that the kadesh of this night of Pes is very very holy. We should be careful this night not to talk any mundane matters. Talk to the family about this. They should always be connected to Hashem throughout the night. Only be involved in the mice of the night, the stories of and publicize these stories. Right? You should have to act in the free way. Don't be worried. Don't get upset about anything. Try to make sure everything is peaceful and don't let the come in and the sun come in. Going to the actual seder through the sed before we take the first cup wine. You're supposed to rinse it from the inside and from outside and we should rinse the cup again before benching kesh. You could hear the kdish and the hag from the owner of the house. But everybody has to drink their own cups of wine. When you're hearing kish from someone else, you have to hear every single word. And the meaning is that everybody says along the because it's hard to actually hear every single word. We make the make and the also covers the if a lady made at during she doesn't make again. Now a lot of people ask after can I drink water? Now you're allowed to drink water and the and the wine will cover the water if the water was there when you made the you had in mind and the water will also be covered later with you shouldn't be drinking other drinks. There's a particular problem with drinks that are local beverage if you would have to make it's almost like adding another. So stick to water we wash our hands or the same way we wash our bread. We just don't make if a person forgotten made. So as mentioned I'm not going to go into details of people make mistakes. We have there in the chart on the back of the guide. So look there for that. We shouldn't make any interruptions. Same as with bread between orat and karpas. After we washed our hands with karpass, we take a small piece of onion. We dip it in our hand. It's best not to use a spoon or fork. You want to be able to make sure that you dip it in your hand. You required to wash dip it in salt water. You eat it make a braha. You eat it without reclining. is on Shabas that anything that salt changes its nature like an onion once you salt it it's almost like tanning it it makes it makes it it it improves it. So you're not going to do that if you unless you're doing right before the meal. So if you're doing two pieces it's a problem because when you put down two pieces and you dip them in salt by the time you're eating the second one the first you eat the first but the second one meanwhile is being delayed and being in salt. So you're supposed to dip a piece and then eat it. Some people hold the supplies in so because you could have done this. Why? Even though you have to be allowed to do anything they need for food, but who says you have to do two at once? You can do one one at a time. And there might be this some people suggest this problem maybe with salt water also. And then we should be and dip only one at a time if you can. And there's no there's really no nothing that you'll lose if you'll dip one piece of the onion at a time in salt water. You should do that. I mentioned that car is eat less than a kaz. If a person ate a kaz he still shouldn't say in the as mentioned you could really technically hear the hagada from the person reading the hagada. It is hard to do that. So the custom is everybody says their own quietly. Make sure you hear it's audible to your ears. Make sure your lips move but quietly not to disturb everybody else. And one person says the aloud. The reason for that is because it's hard to listen to the person saying the you might lose focus. You might not hear, you might not have and you might not be the says if somebody says the story and he rejoices. You're supposed to say the story of the you will eventually rejoice with the of the world to come. Hashem will gather together all his all his whole group above and tell them listen to my praise. My children are rejoicing in the my story. We are trying to get to matzah before midnight. So we shouldn't take too much time in the we could still say the story after we eat the says everything was rushed but until we started saying the when we started saying we didn't rush but we still didn't overextend it because we wanted to get to mat and before midnight if it's there's a great need to stop and talk in the middle of but you're not supposed to stop and talk mundane matters only which is necessary for the meal and necessary for the story of the were particular that they would not explain the even explaining from after the part of and likewise in the second half of the after benching from hal onwards they wouldn't give interpretations for so interpretations are fine until when saying you're supposed to understand what you're saying if you don't understand what you're saying you're not fulfilling the story of that it's not called relating the story of means to understand. So if someone doesn't understand, read the translation. Don't look later. Cuz if you're looking later at what while you're eating, you're looking over again. That's not called when you said you didn't understand what you were saying. When you're saying that for other people who don't understand what's going on, explain to them what's going on. At least the parts the critical parts of the Hagada. So our the people that we have often could read English. So we don't have to explain to them. They could see and read themselves and they'll understand. Howal onwards they don't have to understand but until they have to understand what's being said. Hag is supposed to be said on matzah. So you're supposed to have some of the matzah visible until you get to where we cover the matzah. We're going to be pouring the 10 by the 10 mus we're going to be pouring into a broken dish. It doesn't have to be an obvious break. It could be even a a um plastic cup plastic bowl that's thrown out that you not or that that's just made for one time use. It could be a dish that you never use. The idea of a broken dish meaning something that's not made for usage. We particularly we don't put this broken dish on the table and we don't even pass it over the table. And the drops of wine that we pour in there we pour in the place that people will not step there. Matzah as mentioned a few times already should be eaten before midnight like the carbon pes. This is a and the hold that you're not the matzah after midnight. In fact, if it's after midnight is a question if you can make a mat because it's a question you should not make. If you're going to be eating matzah after midnight, don't say the mat first night and second night will the second half but not mat should be eaten with appetite. The more appetite you have, the more hitzvah. We're supposed to enjoy the mitzvah, not supposed to push it down. Supposed to eat in a happy way or in fear of hashem. True. And we eat it fast, but don't not rush. You eat it properly regular speed regular but not squeezing it all down. We don't dip the matzah in salt because of the preciousness of the mitzvah. Now when people have the mitzy matzah they want to give matz for themselves and for the rest of the family. Once they washed they have to start distributing matzah to everyone. And how do you do that? Becomes a big headache. The best way is if the owner of the house, the master of the house, the father usually washes his hands, makes for everyone, eats his two and after he finish eating, he could start distributing to everybody else. Alternatively, before he washes, he gives out matzah to everyone. And then when he finished eating his two, he adds a tiny bit of matzah from the mata that he had on the sa plate from the top one and the middle one. There's a safety issue to eat burnt mat. If the overly black could be poisonous, you should be careful with that even though people say they like it. The m is supposed to be dipped in. Some people forget the part. If you didn't do it m you'll rely during if you didn't do it in you can rely on the fact that he did it during m. But if you didn't do it not in m and not in theis take a bit of m doesn't have to be dip inis without just just to be ofis is a proper s meal people we start off with an egg and every shab when you peel eggs peels are mah peels have to go straight into the garbage you can't put them on the table then move them because it's mukah either in the garbage or on a plate where you can shake it out of the plate into the garbage or use a a plastic plate which gets thrown straight into the garbage but make sure there's already food in that plate because otherwise the plate becomes when you're eating your meal at remember it is our custom we don't eat anything that's part of the not apples pears or nuts horseradish any of these things until after the second night if you're going to wash your hands during the meal for we don't put our hands on our lips like we do throughout the year throughout the entire except for because of concerns of wet matzah it is our custom we don't say during the meal If you're going to be drinking wine, but not it'll make look like we're adding to the fourises. Now writes in that you should be careful not to drink after the explains the words be careful not to drink means make sure that you don't become thirsty. Drink before you get to that talking about drinking. So you shouldn't become thirsty later. Now fik should be eaten before midnight like the carbon pes the first night and midnight in New York is 12:59 after fikman we don't drink anything not even water and not the second night also that is our meaning before we benched there used to be the meaning that people would pour the kio sometimes before benching sometimes after benching they never said in our generation we always prepare the and pour the kalio before benching and then we bench sometimes it happens how some people throw up everything they ate by the seder before bench ing they threw up everything. The person throws up they don't bench. If you know for sure after you threw up there's still kaz left in your system or you ate till you were full and you still feel full then you could bench. Now what about you have to do that all over again. So practically speaking you only have to eat over the mat. Even if you benched already, wash your hands again. Make if you're eating the size of a make don't make and bench we open all the doors between the room where they say there is and the street and we say those who went to the door say it over there. The customs we go with candles not carrying oil or paraffhene candles liquid candles could be a problem. So you have shouldn't go fast. That's might be considered extinguishing. You're not supposed to put the candle in a place where there's wind even if the wind is currently not blowing. So make sure the candle is in a kali that that the wind shouldn't get to it. In it says that the whole entire night of pes you're supposed to talk about the miracle does until you fall asleep. It's not hard to fall asleep the night of the but if somebody knows it they'll stay up. They won't be able to dish properly. We don't have better to go to sleep was not given from the told us this night ah this night we can receive so much all the gates are open not the doors the gates so be conscious of that when we cleaning up from the seder we have the left don't throw it out the is if you want to throw it in the garbage be careful it shouldn't be thrown in a disrespectful way and talking about garbage is a coming out to shin particularly after the seder garbage is maha Sometimes we have what's if something is disgusting and ugly and right in your place where you live you allow to move it. It's not but even if you move it what about carrying? So there's that say that when you carry others it's only if you want to carry something into another property not if you want to take it out of this property. So if the smell really disturbs you or you need a place where the garbage is because you need to put in more garbage fine you can take out the garbage. But if it's already out out you want to take it further out you want it it's not in a place where you're living it's not in your house it's outside especially if you want to take it out that the garbage collectors come and get it that that's a problem after the we only say we don't say the first night we don't say the entire we don't say until we say we don't say anything else because it's a protected night there many other of there's on the first day we come to we say about the second Tonight we're going to be saying there's not everything is permissible. A lot of that information is in the guide. Thank you for listening till now and we should all with Mashia Ko.