Be on Time for Prayer - Part 1 - Rabbi Reuven Lauffer

[Music] hope Shaka um or maybe just going to bed some of you I don't know uh but nevertheless uh Dawn is when fasts begin so with the exception of yonip and Tish which are the two fast which begin the night before uh all fasts uh only fasts that we fast during the day and when does the Fast begin from dawn right even though the sun hasn't come up yet nevertheless that's considered to be the beginning of the day um so here what have we got over here we've got Dawn right now right which is Alo is at 4:48 12 minutes to 5: in the morning that's Dawn that's when you stop start the fast that's when the fast begin if there was a fast there' be a fast in m hasem in a few in a few weeks time uh whatever actually more than a few weeks I'm sorry in about in about five weeks time six weeks time even uh which is saris so then whatever that the fast begins with the dawn Nate which is when the sun comes up is at 6:02 but you can see the sun rat that's okay it doesn't matter we're working again we're talking about what the time what we're we we're looking at the time that come up if it wasn't overcast right I mean the sun the sun is rising up there just that we can't see it so let's leave this open over here and let's have a look and see what we've got we've got Alloys right allo is the first stop in our day which is Dawn um and that's the day that's a time when uh all all Mitzvah begin all daily Mitzvah are going to begin Mo not you know what not all most daily Mitzvah that come in the daytime are going to appear they're going to start the obligation is going to start with Alloys so for example uh we just you know went through sucus right when's the first time that you can start waving your lulav and ESR on making a brock of your Lan ESR during the day after allo once once the dawn is broken at that point it's okay to start doing that however we're going to see in a minute for various reasons um that but we we wait a little bit before we do this so you can leg LS are fill in can only be done oh now putting on filling is something which is going to be a little bit later right which means not very much by by sunr not before you can put your filling and talison filling can be put on before that right which means that we've got like this we've got Dawn Dawn is Breaking which means it's no longer as dark as it was however it's still you've got a a concept in the gamar which maybe you learned together which is a concept of being able to mishak when you can recognize somebody a friend of yours according to the Natural Life right which is going to be a few minutes after the dawn break so over here for example the earliest time that you can put on your Talis and fill in is at 9 minutes past 5 that's still an hour almost an hour before you are uh before the sun comes up is that this here M yeah mesia yeah very good the times differ slightly but what are you off off by a minute or something it's not uh are you've got 511 I've got five 09 whatever your set of just Jerusalem as a whole mine is set of new as a whole this is yours is yours is exact exact exact because it's longitude and latitude right which is interesting because over here by me Sunrise is 602 and by you Sunrise is 601 and 46 seconds right because I I don't I don't have many seconds built into the times over here um so that's rounded up this is this is this is is like you know as as can I use this one um no okay here use you you look at that one I'll look at oh good point okay all right well we'll just okay um so what what have we got over here so we've got like this uh you can start putting your talison to fill in almost an hour before the sun comes up M that's called mishak and over here by me it's 5509 in the morning right now here in y again all of these times are going to vary according to where you live right as you just you realized that when you opened up your uh your your time it was still set for a different place and you've got a whole bunch of different times so it is very important to understand that wherever you are so all of us living here in we're going to follow these times over here anybody living in a different place even even for example um if you're living in in babra as opposed to Tel Aviv the time is going to be slightly different it's not going to be a big difference because obviously we're not we're not moving very far just like just like mention yeah exactly right a minute here a minute there in each in each different thing the minute the minute you move off into a different country you'll see things beginning to move now the bigger the country the bigger things are going to move so for example in America the the uh the the difference between going from the west coast to the east coast is going to be enormous absolutely enormous um even even in England you know going going from London up to Gates head the differences in times are going to be very very marked because you're going much further north and you're crossing over longitudes or latitudes what are you crossing over I don't know I think latitudes horizontal so you'll be crossing over latitudes going up towards Gat said and you'll see you'll see that you know different a difference appearing inside of the times um now what what's the thing about the time for putting on talison fill in it's 509 over here and that's now the first time that you can recite the shma as well now I'm telling you like this the stuff it's kind of important just to know all of this in order to put things into a proper order it's true that it's permissible to recite the shma from mishak from the time that you can put on your talison filling but you're going to run into a slight problem over here because the first time that you can recite the amida is with the Sun up so let's just go back to the time zone here and see what's what we've got 509 is the first time that you can put on your talison fill in and you can recite the shma the problem is that you can only recite the amida from 602 or 601 and 46 46 seconds right that's why they take your time a little bit well it's it's not you're not going to find anybody who's going to be doing this because it means that you're stretching out completely in an unnatural fashion you can't you can't stretch out from the shma to the amida in in just you know we're talking about just under an hour over here it's not it's not you know it's not going to happen which means what a lot of people will do if they like to dve what's called vasikin which is what we'll talk about in a moment what a lot of people will do is that they will put on their talison filling at the first moment and then they'll learn with their talison filling before they start daving and then they'll start daving that Ding will be calculated in order to reach the am at the right time um so what does m mean mes from the time that you can recognize and again it's to do it's to do with this idea of recognizing your somebody an acquaintance using natural light right so again Dawn breaks you know just before the dawn that's the darkest moment of the night so as a dor begins to break what you're seeing is slight a slight lessening of the darkness it's still too dark for you to be able to recognize an acquaintance but after a few minutes it's going to be okay it's going to work right and then at that point you can start putting on your talison fill in and if needs be you can recite the shma as well the next next moment along inside of the times that we've got is something called the nates NES which is sunrise now here again today Sunrise was at 602 what's it called Nate right n the is the Son and the NES is as as it begins to appear Sunrise now what are we what are we going to do over here this is from the moment you're allowed a d the amida from now when you've got a lot of early minim they are called Vin VA minim what is happening these are people who want to D the amida at the first possible moment in the day so like I said before in order to be able to do that you're going to have to start daving you know most people start ding perhaps 40 minutes before the Nate so let's say right now the N is at 6:02 maybe they'll start ding at 6 I can't do it 618 622 sorry six sorry 5 522 they'll start ding at 522 um in order to be able to get to the am at 602 and you'll see it's interesting that these people that DAV when you DAV vas when you D with the NES these people are very careful to begin the amida with the NES which means that they may wait a moment until that time hits exactly what have we got 601 and 40 46 seconds right and they'll have there'll be an accurate clock that's what they have before you know some people yeah for sure for sure right um so sometimes you'll see all of a sudden they'll stop just before they get to the mid everybody stop stops and they'll wait a moment or two until it gets to the right time and then they'll start to why do we give such importance to the amida as as against let's say krishma oh good question why why do we give so much why do we give all of this importance to the amida that we DB the amida together with the NES so the idea is that the amida represents the G represents the Redemption of the Jewish people and the day represents the Redemption as well right in the in the writings of the rabbis day and night are analogous to the night is analogous to the Exile right where nothing is clear and the day is analogous to the Redemption so we want to dve and the amida with the sun coming up as the sun comes it's very symbolic that's why in the in the the BR of we don't say it out loud so that people won't answer because we don't want to make any break between the GAA and the amida say the last B again because that the that the BR in the morning when you start the you start with and then you get to the now what you may have noticed is everybody everybody's supposed to say it but the doesn't say it out loud right the reason for that is to make sure that nobody answers aain to the BR right because what's the problem the problem is that the am represents the G the BR God redeems Israel we don't want any break we don't want to make any kind of a of a of a break between the brocker of God Redeeming the Jewish people and daving the amida which represents the Redemption itself and that's why the the sh what does he do in order to avoid anybody saying aain by mistake he normally his voice just dies out and you don't get the end you don't you don't hear the throl at the end that way nobody can answer I mean flows into the amida yeah and becomes part of the am blessing so you finish and then you start and everybody's starting together and yeah just sort of like Blends itself into one it's one thing yeah okay okay so far so good all of this has been relatively simple now things are going to get a little bit more complicated uh we're going to have to talk about hours now we've spoken about hours in the past but this is a moment where we're going to have to start trying to actually calculate these things what are calleda which are halakic hours uh don't normally bear resemblance to regular 60 Minute hours right because halakic hours are taking the amount of daylight there is in the in the day and dividing it by 12 right so here let's just take today as an example let's go from the NES let's just say it's 6 o' it's going to make things a little bit a little bit simpler right it's 6:00 and Shia is at 1648 when have you got Shia 443 43 seconds really gosh that's interesting something is off over here because skia according to mine skier is at 12 minutes to 5 which means that that the night begins 18 minutes after Shia so 1648 Plus 18 I can't do this it's what 6 right 0 it's going to be 5:06 is going to be night time and yet by you it says it's 5:21 your Sunset is earlier and your uh this is oh this really is from you have a very from App why why is it so I'll explain to you we have there are two different approaches as to how to count the day the hours yeah one of them is the the simplest approach was the approach of the vilner gone is that you go from sun sunrise to sunset MH right so we're taking you know the amount of amount of hours that there are between sunrise and sunset dividing them by 12 and then each day each hour is going to be however many minutes that is right uh the M Abraham M has a different approach he says it's from dawn to Nightfall which means you've got more time over here now in order to be able to right you've got more time in order to be able to divide your 12 hours so here for example shma the last time you can say the shma according to the magav is 806 the last time you can say the Shar from the V is 8:42 right why why is that because one's beginning earlier than the other one the day begins earlier MGA is mag M MGA is magav and Gro is the Von MJ soundss like something that should be uh outlawed in restaurants or something isn't it so the vill girl is less stringent it's not an inion of less stringent it's an inion of of uh you you know what with regards to the times the Practical Dimension it means that the Von is L stringent yeah think I should think this apps too firm it's good it's great it's just that you need to take into account certain things that's all so here for example go go go back into the times again for for example right if let's say somebody says to you that you want a DAV right they they want they want you to DAV Min because you're going somewhere right so over here is 1153 over here it's 1149 it's not the end of the world right that's the earliest M that's the earliest we we'll talk about that as well but let's say for example somebody says to you here after the first myv you know we've we've got to go get make sure you're ready so over here the first my is going to be at 10 P 5 and by you the first Mar is going to be at 521 but it gives it gave me options on the Shar gave me the two options mug yeah that's a stand it doesn't give you the options for anything else everything else is the stringent approach if I choose to go with a mug and Aram for the Shar then do I have to does it affect the way that I the rest of the day it's not going to affect the rest of your day it just means that you're going to have to make sure that you've D the shma earlier than here so for example over here magav you have to finish the shma by 806 if you're following the opinion of the Von you have to finish your shma by 847 8 sorry 8:42 which is that's a that's a pretty that's a pretty big difference so when you're ding during the week right when you're ding during the week it's not the end of the world because what's going on you know you're getting up early anyway but when you're when you're daving uh when you're daving for on Shabbat for example so many places they DAV in a way that allows them to reach the time to recite the shma by the by the vagon which is the later time and it they don't get there by the time of the magav Ron okay so if you're going to take upon yourself the D with the mag by the mag you just you have to know you have to take it all into account I have to make that decision like for my life or can I decide on the day I mean it's be it's best it's best to make decisions that sort of run across the board I think with something like this I think you know maybe maybe you're better off sort of I wouldn't I wouldn't make any any rash hasty decisions right now about following the magav um you know you you can try it out see what happens see whether it works or not no not with regards to times no um so what have we got Okay so we've got to the nates the nates is ding with the now we've got to the sorry we've got to theic Times now what what are called sha um so if you're following the Villa gone we're going from sunrise to sunset and that means that the day is going to be short right each each in the winter the days are short in the summer the days are long um if you're following the magav Ron so you've got a little bit more time because we're going again we're going from dawn until sun and no from dawn until Nightfall which is a whole lot more time than there was and that's all going to be calculated into each hour so say so is From Dawn Till From Dawn Till Nightfall and the vill gone is from sun sunrise to sunset now according again according to all opinions anyone who wants to dve in the amida in the morning at the first opportunity again what's called Vatican so that's going to be done with the sunrise those are the minion that you're going to find what what do we care over here about the uh day according to the vagon or the day according to the magav it's going to have some bearing on everything else that's going to going to happen throughout the day so for example it says that you are supposed to finish reciting the shma up to three hours into the day right so here where are we holding over here according to the magav it's going to be by me it says 757 I know what it says by you what is this for Shar yeah it says 806 806 oh because whatever we're running into this problem of of when the day is beginning whatever I'm just going to say the numbers that are over here and we're going to ignore you okay don't don't take it personally yeah for sure just don't take it person uh so Accord according to according to what it says over here my phone uh the magav Ron the cut off time for saying the shma is 7:57 and for the gr it's 8:42 a big it's a big difference right uh that's why you know mo most people most people it's it's easier to use the time of the V gone than it is to use the time of the magav that's for sure um that's a farting same thing so what have we got over here reciting shma in the morning you've got the first three hours what are the hours though what are they they're not regular hours but rather they are hours right so again in the morning we're talking about short hours in the afterno in the summer I'll try that again in the in the winter we're talking about short hours in the W in the summer we're talking about long hours that's why in the summer for example the cut off time for shma could be at 9:30 because you've got much much longer days right and three hours in the morning from Sun up until the end of the third day each hour could be the equivalent of you know 72 minutes perhaps over here in Israel again when you go different places they going to get even longer so for example in London you know in the summer it could get light at I don't know let's say 6:00 in the morning I'm just throwing out a a a number and it won't get dark until half 10 at night and you've got to take that 6:00 to half 10 and you've got to divide that by 12 hours which means your hours are going to be very very long 85 minutes look at that right each hour in the summer in London could be as long as 85 minutes long get sunrise in London go up to 10:00 simple Sunset 10:30 yeah in the summer in the summer it's very it's it's it's north it's pretty far north again go go up into Gates head go up into Glasgow and you're talking about M much later than that at Le at least an hour later than that so what what's what's the idea right you can have so in the summer you may have hours that are going to last how much 85 minutes long in in London right um and you'll have in the winter they'll be much much shorter than that they'll be maybe 40 minutes long each each hour right um which means which means that you've got it's something it's got to be kept an eye on and every day is changing right because the amount of daylight is changing every single day there are actually only two days in the year if you want to be super super pedantic there are only two days in the year where theic hours and the regular hours are 60 Minutes really because you've got there only two days in a year when there's exactly 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of night is that the solstice is that the summer and the winter I think so yeah and that means that again we don't feel the difference the next day right you you don't you don't feel the difference it's still 12 hours and 12 hours but it's not it's already 12 hours and and I don't know 7 seconds or something and it's it's it's going to move um so that's shma that means like this that we need to have finished reciting the shma not begin we need to finished reciting the shma by the end of over here 8:42 right here in y sh 8:42 if you've started the shma by 8:42 but you haven't yet finished so that's okay but it's not the best way to do it again what's that called David what's that called hang on I'm what's the question if you if you start the shma yes but you haven't finished by 8:42 yes so it's okay but it's not the best way to do it what's that called by byy eved excellent go to the top of the CLA you might be a little lonely over there but this is what they when they refer to Kat Shar Kat Shar yeah what what is Kat creat means to read creat katma creat means you're reading you're reading the shma so this is saying Shima specifically in in terms of the the obl obligation yeah 100% TMA yeah that makes sense in in the conet they have this is the third time I'm calling you to Aur and then they throw people out which happens relatively often I believe what do you mean what do they do know but when they uh the knesset members misbehave themselves and Shout out and you know behave like a bunch of uh you know hyperactive children uh so the speaker of the knesset will call you to order and I think he calls you to order three times and if you don't if you don't uh pull yourself together then you get thrown out of the planum the House of Commons probably although I think it's a little bit more active over here than it is over there um if you not you obviously everybody over here are righteous and Pious and only concerned about doing the right thing but if one were to have not recited the shma by the time the end of the the end time is run then you need to you can recite the shma but without the bra that become before it and after it which means it's always okay to recite the shma the shma are Torah they're just coming out of the Torah so you could recite shma all day long um you're just reciting not just sorry you're reciting words of Torah but if you want to fulfill the obligation of reciting the shma with inside of it's got to be done at the correct time and it's got to be done the correct way um okay you know what one one last one last bit over here because it's really a continuation what about from until when are you allowed to finish daving shakar in general right so in the morning what have we got over here we've got this is to this is soft What's called sofman the end of right that's here it just says good right s s to filler is the last time to that you're supposed to be reciting ding shakas right so over here according to my clock according to my uh phone it says that s of the mag which is going to be earlier than the S of the gra because he's beginning his day earlier the S the mag is 905 and S man the gr is 930 six now again the difference is there yeah but today we D late and and because we had the c tour yeah good I think we may have ended up finishing at about quarter to 10 okay so the EM is like this when it come when it comes to ding it's really talking about getting to the amida finishing up finishing up the am if the amida was finished which I'm sure it must have been if you started by 8:30 if it's finished by 9:36 then that's okay the bits and the pieces that come up afterwards again you know uh it's it's been ding it's been ding it's okay um and if you all go with that you got to you say with other brothers if either put look let's say somebody gets up late not not anyone we know right right not me for sure not but I mean no one that we know if somebody were to get up late somebody's not feeling well right and they were to get up late and they've got they they it's now it's now past 9:36 so they shouldn't DAV okay they shouldn't D Shak what they'll have to do is that they'll be able to DAV they can DAV twice that's what you're learning now yeah very good right it's what's called tashlin you can make up the amida that's been lost but only if it happen inadvertently which means that if a person says you know what stuff this I'm not getting out of bed and I'll dve M twice later on it doesn't count but if a person for whatever the reasons finds himself not being able to davakis within the time that's been given to him then he can D the amida twice what's fascinating about tashlin about making up this amida tashin Tash Tash Lumin which mean from the word to pay right you want you want to pay you want to pay off your debts right so uh what's fascinating about all this that if person didn't DAV M inadvertently by mistake they can DAV the mariva twice now why is that fascinating because the MV already is the next day yeah so you would have thought that if some I understand that if somebody forgot my they can Dak twice understand if they if they forgot Shak they can D twice but surely by the time you get to my You' gone into the next day and whatever you've missed out from the day before you can't make up and yet the says that you can right that it's okay to D twice to be able to make up the that you missed what you need to know though when you're making up I mean maybe I shouldn't tell you this because it's not practical that you're ever going to apply because this will never happen to you but if you have a friend which of course is probably uh somewhat uncertain I would say but if you have a friend you can tell them that when they have to D two amas they need to D the amida that they're o to d right now which means so let's say you're going to D you're going to twice your Cav your Insight right your intent and your concentration for the first am is to fulfill the mitvah for and then afterwards when you D the am again you're going to fulfill them the um the you're going to fulfill the obligation for the that you missed which means that the am that you're ding now is always going to be the one that's going to take precedence that's the one that's the important one right now actually I think is that you must say yeah can't say oh let me down let me make up the first you got to do it let's say if it's Mar yeah yeah got yeah absolutely the to the one that pertains at that moment yep because you need to give it more importance you're always going to be it's not it's not just it's not just you know giving it more importance it's Dimension as well which means that right now you're oblig is to D yeah so I have to fulfill my obligation first afterwards I'll make up the thing that I'm not obligated to dve and I'll make that up now because is that like passing over a Mitzvah in some way yeah yeah yeah to do something else yeah okay that's why some some people are very careful to DAV always to DAV at the first possible moment so they'll DAV Shak they'll D at the earliest moment they can and they'll D at the first point that they can as well because because it's also a concept of not passing over the the mitah once once you get to the time where it's permissible we'll talk about it tomorrow MIT but once you get to the point where it's permissible to D so now you're obligated to d i if you wait and you DAV later on it's true you can do that but you're obligated to D them straight away what no what do you mean understand here let's say Min 10 to 12 right but you're going to dve at 4:00 that's okay you can D at 4:00 you should know that from 10 to 12 onwards the obligation is there upon you to D so some people like to fulfill their obligation straight away not to pass up the the Mitzvah and you know push it off until later on but rather to take care of it straight away good say we'll stop say even because you missed it or whatever after sun yeah for sure 100% 100% [Music]