Ep. 26: Growing Up In A Time When ‘Shlichus’ Was Not Yet Understood with Rabbi Yosef Gansburg

We are soldiers. We But we say has to be that. You have to know you have a boss and you can't do what you feel. Even if spiritually you feel that this is uplifting you, you got to know if this is your post now. Can't go away from your post. If you've been enjoying this podcast, please like and subscribe so that others can enjoy it as well. In addition, if you've benefited in any way from a monkin podcast and would like to give something back, you can do so today at their.org/donate. I'm Yasi Cayman. Welcome to among by an ongoing faban about life as a our vibrant connection with theb and inspired living shaped by the way he teaches us each and every day. [music] This episode is dedicated for Rabbi Gansburg. Thank you so much for uh making the time to be here. >> Thank you very much. My pleasure. >> Um I understand in your case there's uh besides your besides the the agonist, there's also a rich history in uh in the Mishba of where you come from. So I think it might be a good idea to start that way. I personally remember your father very well from 770 but that you know and and know and know some things but I obviously don't know all of it. So maybe you can uh start off that way and uh I guess lead into where you where you enter the picture where you came from where you were born. >> So if you don't mind since you want history I'll start the history one generation earlier. >> Perfect. Uh I was raised by two Zadas that Zadus and Bobas Zadis both learned in Lubavich. Uh my mother's parents got married in Lubavich before right after the reb left and s my father's family is is traced alreb's brother and so is on my mother's side my el was big of rebab And when I was a kid, >> one second, what's you have to say his name >> his name? So my father's father was Barl Gansburg and my mother's father was Fleh Khan who everybody knows is the father of Rabiel. is my uncle and so I was Nishanov not only as a zed and also he was my Mhammed and my zed was shared a bend and he and my grandmother Mameish raised me. My parents were can I know busy with with with Asus cibis and my grandmother put me to sleep with jamis. >> So since I was a little child that was my upbringing >> this is inabad >> that was in Tel Aviv first. Yeah, maybe I grew up in Tel Aviv till I'll actually bring it up a little later. When we left Tel Aviv, but uh I was raised in Tel Aviv. I learned in Tel Aviv, it was a small nice shul was center of Lubab in role at that time. Quakabad did not develop yet the way it was later. They started to shintess until they started to stand on their own two feet. Took quite a few years. Tiv was kabad the shul the hidden was they came from from Lavich and every shabas kesh they were reminiscent and the varam kite from lobavich that was definitely part of the DNA of my upbringing. So you you grew up experiencing this. You you remember all of this? >> Absolutely. Absolut. But let me give you as an example. We were we were mun the kids. I was a little child, young child. We were mun that the biggest that we have the merit is to go and bring for the for the foren. We used to fight who should who should go. I mean that that was the the the ruach that time. There's certain episodes that I still remember from from the Fabang and certain I was a kid but as as I said um and definitely uh the as I grew up my my mother and my father my father was as I will mention was as when the rebe became rebect I should I should retract and go back before before my birth since now uh there's a lot of uh conversation about going to the army or not. So my my father was a boar toshin and in the household it was mamish very strong a very heavy load kite with parinosa. So my father went to help my grandfather >> at that time >> he he was married already. No, no, no, no. Also, >> he was a ba >> and at that time became the shila about going to the army or not >> the war of independence >> the war that's just broke out at that time. >> Mhm. And the Shiloh was they didn't they knew that the Rabim's was against and here is a Zionist entity I don't know if it was called yet Israel or not but so there was later uh who wrote uh pre a letter to the previous rebu question was very clear. Are we allowed to mobilize to the Zionist army? And uh I'm quoting the wrote which means a shortsighted people. What? Let's interpret it whatever you want, but that's what the Reb wrote. Reb is obviously Reb spoke about people that were not in yeshiva and it was clear, but anybody who is not inh. So that was one detail what I I think is important to know that saw it as nephesh and there was no miser with with notionist that's not the issue at all but now is a different situation. >> So there might be an issue but we have to protect basically. >> Yeah that that that was that that was the answer. Another detail story in in same in the same vein in the same topic. Uh my father had two more brothers and uh both older brothers were mobilized to the army. My uncle Label Ganssburg and my father were both mobilized. Their younger brother, his name was known as Heshk Ganssburg. He was by the reb many many years and he started the nikun as known. uh he came to America to Shin Zion to the Reb. So my wrote a letter to my uncle and was how can you sit over there and your brothers are fighting in in in the front? And my uncle did not I mean he obviously contemplated what to respond and he went over to the rebre and he showed >> Yeah. Yeah. We're talking about >> Yeah. >> And he showed the Reb the letter. The Reb read it. The Reb told him like this. I will say it in English and I'll try to translate. deserter. I don't know if he said the word desert. I I think it when I heard of my uncle, he said desertter. So again, we see a very clear shittita. >> You didn't translate. >> I'm sorry. Since you were assigned by my father-in-law to uh sit and learn. So if you get up now and you go to the army, you're a deserter. Each one has their mission. And to the Reb was very clear, if you sit and learn, that's what your mission is. Sit and learn. And if you don't sin and learn, we have the obligation. So I I thought that that was a interesting detail that many people may question that, but this is clear from the rebashita. [snorts] Um I also want to mention something and that was after the Reb became Rebe. My father was at that time very young. My father actually was in the army and he managed to be l literally present. His group conquered quite large parts of the north part of Eritis BC Bechan and Nat that that region make Israel and then they they transferred them to the south to the Gaza area and there's a whole story mameish had nephesh which I don't think it belongs here but but it does belong. My father was wounded was six months in the hospital and they had they grafted him. There's many stories regarding that. My father also wrote a diary for the entire [snorts] uh duration that he was in the army. But um after he was released from the hospital, he got engaged to be married and uh he was a when took place. The was scheduled for Bison that was scheduled before. Mhm. >> I'm almost sure it was with the of the So uh at that time everybody begged the rebe to accept nas and uh my father had a brother and a future brother-in-law here. Rabiel came right after which he was here already and my uncle was here from before my other uncle. So, >> by the way, your he younger brother went to went to learn >> but he didn't I guess >> who my father wrote to the Reb. The Reb told him it's back and forth letters at the end. The Reb told him not to go at the end. >> First he got permission then my my Z said must have help. The Reb told him not to come. >> He begged to come but it didn't work out. >> Okay. But uh what I want to say is that in the everybody started to ask the reb that you should accept the nas and nas. So my father wrote to the reb a letter. He was still a ba uh asking the reb to accept anas and there is a letter that the reb responded to him. Cloite general letter and then the rebatad and thead is published in the igress and I just want to read the couple of words that the reb wrote in the kaviad. I have it copied over here is quoting what my father wrote. So my father wrote, "Please have Rahmanas on us, have mercy upon us and accept but the Reb copied." That's what the Reb writes. For that you need to have the ability. And the Reb writes like this. You need to be complete perfect in essential powers of the obviously that's the next stage revealed and completion in thought speech and action etc etc. So first of all we can see what a reb was looking within him. I want what a reb is a second thing I was thinking to myself already my father was then such words didn't write to to anybody so that that was about that >> let me ask you your father he he he never saw the rabbi father till no >> no at that point he didn't My father came for the first time. >> So he wrote to the >> he wrote to him to ask thebosi and the reb answered him with such words. >> So again I think that was something that is nea this a published thing but I felt that this right thing to bring it up. Um [snorts] I want to say one more thing if we go in the history a couple more things in um the reb I heard from my father it's also some of it is printed the rebrol should be led the way the reb wants and to be honest the elderidim the olderim had a very hard time shifting from the era of the previous Reb which although the the Reb also demanded doing with others represent in America etc in in in other places maybe but theidim had a hard time to to switch. You mean to like the demanded out outreach outreach outreach this kind of things. The Reb then demanded that all misters should the the the administrations should resign and then he will appoint them a new in other words that they're his workers. They're they have to be subjected to him. Not not from before and most of them the Reb reappointed but the Reb did change the Reb put uh controller and each and every one of them is this Reb appointed >> like a financial like a financial >> no general >> financial and and and what's going on he was responsible to report to the Reb the Reb writes it in a letter I've seen the letter clear that the makaker is Not he's the controller and he has to report to the reb and the reb will say what to do >> which are talking about the allabad and kabad and the all misus had to resign Dan Hollis and the rebointed and the reb added in most cases sometimes rebed but reb added the fesh a controller in each and every one of the maesters. This is something also that not too many people realize that mameshant at that time audim and when the reb started to demand it was very hard for them. So first the reb instructed that there should be a representation of and it was two people were appointed that was my father who later became the so they started and it still didn't move anywhere. So then the reb was massed in B a separate institution called Kabad and they were appointed as the Vad of Kabad. >> So before the Reb made the Kabad the Reb tried to go through audi much later much later when theb was in America. >> Uhuh. Okay. have a lot of that the first was >> so that was your father and is >> yeah and then they added to the whole more but they they were the first my father became I think the mas of the >> and that's how it became that was running all the >> running yeah it was the reb had pushed a hard time to to accomplish And even then there was very hard to move that nobody nobody literally moved out of the hub of Kabad whether it was Tel Aiv later to fight it. So now I I'll come to to the next stage. >> You mean like the concept of that whole idea >> concept of that's correct. Uh when my toshin you ut my my zeta came for the first time to the rebin and my father uh went for my father there several three times I think the reb called him in g all kinds of instructions but um one of the um things the Reb has then demanded. I think it's an interesting story I told her over quite a few times. The Reb demanded from my father that when he comes back the Reb wants at least 10 new schools of the Rashet that the Reb is that time established for schools from >> so what's the idea of the Rashet? The was the form for for actually I saw a letter the Reb said that they should establish schools only in places that there is no F schools from any type of of denomination. This is Hagur Misroi. Nobody, you know, we're not catering for the F schools. We're catering for people that used to be in their hometowns in in the oriental countries especially observant. They came towards Israel and they took him away from Edishkite and that time actually I should mention there was a group of yeshiva called atani and the head was sharifitz he was Tomim and he headed the organization and labor became their secretary later in he didn't take money but over there porch paparosa he became their secretary it was quite loaded um so they helped a lot to go and going into fria places and try to register uh children. So my father all the way I think from Toshi Yud B he became a teacher. My mother became a teacher. My mother first was teaching Byakov and afterwards she moved to teach in Rashett and the Reb demanded two 10 new schools. There was I think three new three or four schools until then. There was a school in Yafo in Sarnoo in Faraba in Mala. I think there was four schools before and Reb told my father he wants 10 new schools 10. So my father mentioned to the reb I'm afraid that when I come back it won't be accepted and new schools are build you know it's wild. So the Reb told them, "Have you been to the oilb?" So my father answered, "With my body, I was there." So the Reb said, "Oh, the soul you have been much earlier. You have been to the ten so you have the the power to go and do so. >> It's also >> Yeah. By the way, for interest, did your father ever saw the freed? >> My father did not see the freed. My father saw the Reb's father because on their way out of Russia, my father was a child, nine years old. So they went through Yatarinuslav because Miza's parents were there. So at that time Reblavik tested him in Gmorra I think. So he saw but the freed I don't think he saw >> my father's breeze was the week of Yud Samos when the reb came out of jail. My father was born Pion and the Reb went to Malahov. Misa lived in Moscow which is nearby. So at the beginning the reb said maybe he'll try to see if he want should be sand but the freed but then there was too was too risky and the reb canceled. So did not come to the F would come back to Moscow to be the sound. Malakov Masco is next to each other. >> So they're going to do >> they were going to do by the >> I don't know the details but it was cancelled because it was too was too risky. >> Okay. So there was there was a close connection obviously there was a vad in in Moscow that was leading all the underground work for the reb and there was my two zas and mesh gur that was the official bath. They were very close needed before they became autonim. >> Uhhuh. And then they were all together in Tel Aiv later. >> Yeah. >> This this group >> this group. Yeah. H very interesting. Uh so back to your father. Um so >> that's what I want to say. So when he came back he started to work and it wasn't easy financially and from the government and >> wasn't there government funding for it or that didn't happen yet? >> Government funding. He had to have x amount of kids and then after you had x amount of kids was also not easy but it was three new schools were established by pale mameish and I would say that this is the beginning of sinaritis ro was my father and ben shakar and ma zilstrom were the first individuals that left to to establish to schools. >> So they picked up their families and moved to these >> and my father in the beginning there was nowhere to live. So my the family stayed in Tel Aviv and my father was there alone and he came every other Shabas home. It was not easy. >> Where where was this >> in Tak which is the school is still in existence maz today is a nice group of there. Yeah, >> they became later the only school they kicked out the fry and first year there was two schools. That's a story on its own. I don't want to go into it but >> so your father was was uh living in Tanakh and your family is in in Taliv and then it came from the Rebel letter and then we have the letter that the Reb says that the family has to be together so or he has to leave or the family would come and my mother moved with us and here came also mean you mean you move with your mother to your to your father >> father yeah to Tanak >> to Tanakh so you went >> yeah yeah that was you like the >> nobody nobody was calling at that time you found >> so you're the firstb that did such a thing >> I said there was three mishbas at the same time >> um it was what's interesting actually is is also when my mother decided that she's moving with a family she started to be harassed by ziknidim that she's not allowed to do it with the kids they have nowhere to there's no school there was nothing mish >> where where is >> tanak is if you know where a foola is >> at that time four hours drive at that time from Tel Aviv and that time there was no cars was it was it was it was far it was by the Syrian Jordanian border the Okay. It wasn't nearimishu. I'll soon tell you about it something, but let me finish what I'm saying now. Um, so my mother wrote to the Reb and she wrote that people tell her that your husband is crazy and he's is murder everybody. I mean, it's it's not it's not it's not Labavage. And we have a full large large page letter from the Reb to her God's that she was to be able to go and and strengthen and and a very very strong letter and the Reb is over there use the word chastising. What kind of is we tell you not to go? You're calling him. Hey, it was a very strong letter from the was it wasn't it was a change in the whole perception that we we we we don't leave where the hub is. We we got to go out. >> It's amazing. It's amazing how the also in America to the first there's a bunch of letters or to parents like it's a had to revolutionize the whole the whole thing. >> It was very hard. Now to be honest, uh we moved to Tanak. I was in the in Tel Aviv was a on a very nice level, so to speak. And I came to Tanak. >> How old were you? >> I was eight and a half. And there was where where are they sending me in school there? My sister is younger than me had to go to fourth, fifth grade when she was six years old or something like that, seven years old. And there was nothing there. There was no they used to s the the the people came from Ki Kim, Kuristan, Turkish and Parim. That was the three villages that Tanak compi comprised. very very amaratus not that they were Eden is fine Eden but they didn't learn shabas everybody used to come to shul take off their shoes sit on the carpet the only one that knew how to read is the used to chant along with him after Davney everybody went up on the bike and going work in the field not because they wanted to be shabas because they did not know that you're not allowed to that was terrible with Gashm also there was it was nothing there was a mud and it was it was it was not a mock issue we didn't have gas we didn't have the first time my parents bought a freezer because there was nothing else there food it was not a picnic but going back to my upbringing so where do I go to school. So my father found that there was a yeshiva from the pilim I mentioned before this group of bim and they opened the yeshiva for immigrants for >> it's not labavich officially >> nat labavich and and they my father said let's see how it goes so I went there after two months they saw that there's no tas nothing and they sent me away from home to Fakabad. I was eight and a half at that time to send away a kid. There was no telephone obviously no other way of communications. I was sentad I was uh today it's it's a normal thing you send kids away it's also not easy but it's it's a normal at that time I believe it was a first to take a eight years old and send them away. I saw my parents most probably three times over the year. >> Wow. So >> So your mam is the uh >> that's a pioneers >> the pioneer of of the as well. >> I I would I would say so again I don't believe that there was anybody else in her soul to best of my knowledge that was the first to send away a kid is it was Mishug. >> And you stayed with your benzad at that time? I stayed with my grandfather's brother. My grandfather had a labor, you know, battle for his his parents. So I stayed in their house. A great uncle and aunt and um I was inad to be honest I don't think it was as hard as on me as my mother. I was a Ben Yid. I have two sisters and it was very hard but >> that that's >> okay >> so let's let's move again I just want to give you a little bit more history so I think some people benefit um the first time I have seen uh uh uh that the Reb referred to letters about me in particular was my there's three letters from the Rebe about once my father asked I I apparently something I was in Gizun not completely So should he put me to or not? The Reb wrote and I again I copied it. Um, the Reb wrote that who is a doctor friend will agree then I can start to visit the then my father got a letter by the words mim and my name is writes I I was very pleased that he started and the third letter is to my ze and this is a actually goalie from the rebe which I I brought the igress. The letter is published in the egress. I have a cousin who is 6 months older than me and he had more or less the same time as I did. And the Reb writes to my Z and I'm opening it up and I I I want to it's in the and I don't know I did not know about the letter until uh the were published but it's a little scary because the Reb writes like this the end of a letter this is which f We are concluding the letter with your good tiding that you brought that they brought in Shabas your grandson not me my cousin just like similar to the baritzvah letter that you go from stage to stage. So I was pleased. Next paragraph. So you have two both were taken into and the Reb give each one a different my cousin is a but he didn't remain so the Reb already said gives him a etc and the to the next that I don't know how they took it at that time obviously I wasn't aware of it but this is a letter actually from from yesterday it's exactly from yesterday 70 years. >> The Reb is setting out the the map. >> Yeah. I'm saying this is it's this is I mean >> Yeah. Um I want to I also have a excerpt which maybe could die to read. In the letter that the Reb wrote to my mother before she went to Tanak, the Reb writes like this. In our days after the Holocaust, of soch is standing behind the wall and he's only waiting for the work that is placed on our generation that our is lighter than the previous generation task. Each one has to fulfill what is written. that the weak should say I'm strong that will bring out the hidden powers that [clears throat] each and every one of us has that should come out in a revealed way. So you can do a lot more than if it would be normal times. This is uh again words that are this is in in that time that was extremely extremely pushing. You have to do you have to do what your job is. Don't talk to anybody. Do what you have to. very foundational letter on onu what what our generation >> very clear very clear this is very clear instructions with with the >> one of the integral components of being aid are the whether it's alfiss or gimmos these days give us an opportunity to connect with ourim to connect with each other and be better. What is the story behind each [music] of these days? How did the Reb commemorate and celebrate these days? And most importantly, what are the lessons, the takeaways, and the action items needed for each of these days? All of this and much much more are answered in the new set recently published by Our Days is a journey through the Kabad calendar in story, meaning and practice with over 700 beautiful glossy pages with elevated content, beautiful, beautiful photographs. You, your family and friends will enjoy and live with each. This book is a must for every lab home, for every schul, for every school. It is a perfect gift item. This will not collect dust. It will be used day after day, month after month, year after year. You can have the set. Go to.org/ org/ourdays. Order your set today and start living with. >> When my father decided to send me to actually also we got a letter from the not we my parents That's the first thing that you have to that he has to learn the child in a place that is obviously over there was not up to par that should be with my consent and my mother should be consenting. So based on those conditions, it should be successful. So again, >> it's very it's amazing that saying that that you have to agree as well. I was eight years old. >> Yeah. >> Eight years old. >> Amazing. Someone told me that he had a a difference of opinion with his father about if he should which is he should go to. He was a bak already. He want to go and his father didn't want his father was and his father wrote to the my son wants to go here. I think he should go there. answered has to be what your son wants, >> right? >> Yeah. Ber is different than >> eight-year-old. I was eight years old, but obviously wanted to should be with my consent. >> Okay. So, what was it like inad those days? I listen was definitely I mean it's new to me after the few months that I was away but I I had an excellent group of and I don't have to tell you and and I grew up inad since then I had the opportunity to learn one year my father learned by Brook in that time was in Tel Aviv but in my place was in that yeshiva. I've very much wanted I should learnish. >> There was already >> the was in loot. The >> was in l and was in a different different. >> Yeah. was the mashia in in loot. The big is in loot. So when I it was already I think it was in the middle of the eighth grade pes time. Uh my parents then moved from Tanak. They established a school in Kulon also in a in a ma in a in a neighborhood which was the lowest class. Jesse Con was crime and everything. Bora. My father opened a school. There was over 400 students. >> My mother was teaching is start from nothing. But the first year my mother and father taught my father was the principal and teacher. My mother the second class. And then the the they didn't want they should be together the mad. My mother uh was teaching in in in Batyam in school in Rashid. My father was the man in Kon quite a few years. So and then I I lived at home obviously in Farabad. Then I was a year in in Rishon. He was my mager in Gimore. He was in we learned by him. Then I moved to Lud. I learned two and a half years in Lud. That's Shivaktana and Mahina as a very very strong especially the last year in Mahina was a very strong year. We had the Rash of Zelic Feldman over Shalom and Renor of Abrahams became by us Mashpia and he put into us more than anybody else rebides and Baram kite owe him a lot >> really. >> Yeah. He he was I would say that the biggest push that the k got the desire to go to the reb was from him. There was other factors but I would say he was tremendous push for that >> to go learn by the rabbi or just to go to go visit >> and I wasn't visiting it was the union forbbe I also had the the the privilege you I would say my father came from the reb every plane that passed by inabad is near the airport. Every ah I wish I would be on the plane going to the Reb. I was a kid. I grew up on that >> you know it it's it digs in. Ah I wish I could have gone to the I can go on the plane to the Reb. So that was a a big DNA investment in in in me that that's but the truth of the matter is my father wanted very much I should go to the Reb to learn my father my barit was toshed to Pes my father was here by was by the reb And when he was in Yides, he asked the Reb if it's appropriate I should come to learn there. And the Reb said that so young the supervision is there better. So obviously I waited but the next year it's already and we moved toad to dal to the so I asked again if I can come. You wrote to the >> Yeah, my father was definitely on my side and Reb sent me to Dan Holl. To my surprise, Mim was not against it. Although Dan Holler didn't give me official agreement to go, we decided that I'm going and if I'll be able to settle here will be masim I'll stay and if not after I'll come back. So I came to say I came to 770. What was interesting is that my uncle, my father's brother, Ashkis, so he went into before I was in New York yet. The Reb asked him, "No, what's going on with your nephew? Did he come already?" "No, you should settle Gizun." So before I came, I knew already that I'm settling. So the reb again I came from the reb I was before the army yet so I didn't have a problem leaving it was young >> right >> the next year when I went in I already got ka in other words I got >> letter I need a draft letter my mother was thinking should I become not go and later and I have problems. So I asked the Reb and the Reb told me to stay. Reb told me to do what the others that stayed here, I should do the same thing. The Reb told me to stay. That's it. That was uh >> and you had >> you had other that that came. >> I had that came. I have BM who came a year before me and the same year with me came a few Yoshi Paris a year later came there was an old group I would say our kita was was moving towards that we were very much infused with with >> so maybe you could describe a little bit uh you're coming to the reba for the first time like what what uh that was like >> obviously remember the first time seeing the rebu and the first is I mean you know I remember the first time teas was I don't know how to describe but definitely remember our office. I remember Napoleon's march. I would say though those are the highlights. I did not go in till my but I stayed here >> because you weren't a you weren't a guest. >> That's correct. I knew already that I'm staying. So I didn't take the first time I went in was from a milletus that was but then I went to Newark and I studied in New York for two years. So you're you >> used to come for every form. We used to come in New York. We were excellent two years. The first year especially Friedman was our was it was a was a was a solid two years especially the first year and then we we came to some >> after two years in Newark. >> Yeah. So this is um yes we we moved to 770 >> and I was 770 basically till till I got married but one year lamemed we were sent to partway we were the first the spoke then so that was we that the we were in in Ocean Parkway as Alter Boim as Schlim but we came for all Fabbrangians also from New York I didn't miss any Fbrangans even the few sudden for somehow I was there >> somehow you made it >> I have a question >> um when you're in so there's no hookup those years so you arrived to the Reba the first time >> you're reminding me I'm I'm interrupting you. >> No, go ahead. Go ahead. >> You're reminding me that that is is worthwhile most probably to describe. People will not understand the the relationships with the reb was very limited. There was the odd that came in the odd picture and that's basically it. And and the emphasis also that you need to learn. It was not uh I remember the first time I was in Tel Aviv must have been Zion. I was a little kid and somebody brought a 8 mm strip you know they was no videos. There was not there was 8 mm from the rebe there was a faben small snap from the fabian >> a video >> it was no video it was 8 mm you know like a very primitive in those days but it was the first time that we saw the rebe on a wall so the whole anash in Tel aimish whatever it was gathered I Remember Meshkenazi Ravashkinazi Misha in his house and they got a machine. We saw the Reb on the wall. This I do remember. I remember that there was one guy and I'm not going to mention his name. He wanted to see the Reb a little closer. He doesn't know what a movie is, what a video is. He got closer and is >> standing in front of >> Yeah. We were so far from that era. But that was the first time I think that we saw the reb in movement in to whatever extent it was with without audio was was video, >> right? >> I remember that. I mean, in other words, it made as a child to see the Reb for the first time. Besides the art picture, I also remember if you're asking in in in my upbringing the relationship with I remember when the Zion came after the five students and their counselor were murdered by by terrorists. The Fayuns we call them. the rebin from America, one from England and one from France and one from I think it's Australia. So it's 12 B uh to come and comfort the G of Hash known already who they are. They were there aretof and and others. Um, I can tell you that my father was not home for 3 weeks for as long as they were there. My father took me to the airport to greet them. I remember in my mind on my father's shoulders and it was it was it was such an awesome thing theim also with all the children and I remember gathering in in inabad in front of the old jewel basement that time was the old jewel And they taught us mipel and they gave each and every one of us as a gift from the reb and a small bottle of kosh. Those are my memories. I remember also shabas a few other episodes. I was a kid as I said but I still remember it. It made a tremendous impression. I would say that these cashes to the Rebe definitely intensified in a tremendous way through those that that was was tremendous and us kids were definitely there we we were we benefited from. So this is this was our connection but otherwise the was a few so we learned it but >> yeah and then also started to come tapes I remember >> that I want I wanted to know if you ever heard >> yes yes yes I remember sitting you I remember it few times yes we did get that period we started to get uh tapes that we were sitting the whole zal and listening to the whole fang not not live obviously it was a month later I don't remember when it was but that >> you should sat and listen to it >> yes yes yes that was a whole major event Mhm. >> Yeah. Yeah. >> So when you came to the So you're familiar with it, but obviously everything's very >> It was new was definitely new and uh the Reb definitely was our life in yeshiva. There was nothing else. At least I can talk for myself that that was the center of our lives. Um I I want to tell you another thing that comes to mind from from the that kufa. uh the in in paras was the first time Thursday night I went in on for my was my first that's why I got that fbranian I didn't go back to New York stayed in New York and it was a sudden Ferbanian so I didn't miss it the the rebal called in a group of bim eight bim at that time and proposed to them to go to Australia for for two years with certain conditions. six went but Shabas was a mand for and I do remember quite well that Fbranian I have seen many of that forian so I don't want to go into it but uh I do remember the the reb was learned in mimop that was uh as a kid that was a tremendous but what I want to say is that before they left there was a good by party for them upstairs spoke and I do remember what he spoke one of the one of the things he said that in the reb writes that comes down to this world for 70 80 years to do a favor once inn. So he said can you imagine and runs around to find where is my here the group of young and tells them this is your why you came down in Haz this is your place so that was again push towards the whole idea of of of of lis I still remember it. >> Right. >> So, so that was a very strong that we that without that there is no life so to speak. So, if you don't mind I I want to skip a little bit. I want to come to uh a I had from the settle when I came to inhib I had the not only to be with myim and rash in but on top of that I hashem had in New York two uncles which I owe a tremendous Aora sat. I used to on a regular basis eat alum after the I was ra and I had to have kazor right after the fabbran many times vineberg that was supposed to speak on the radio shabas used to come along and >> he used to do the shabas would do Yeah, I'm going to say something. I don't know if it's neg or not neg but but it's an interesting detail that I remember. There was uh certain individual who got involved with Lubabich. He came from uh from Yakisha background. He was an educator and he got involved with uh heading uh Lubavich school. He was the man And I believe that that was his first time by the Reb, the end of Tish, middle of Tish. And at that time, the Rebu had a tremendous tremendous co in Rashi. The style that the Rebe spoke then many times of her brain in as Rashi is learning with a 5 years old and the Rebi used to use the expressions asks and answers commenting and and so on and so forth. So it was after and this individual came also to Rabiel's house to hear and as they were it was I don't remember I think it was somehow but it was spoke and elaborate on it and he's sitting with open mouth and drinking every word after a half hour discussing the rashi He asked to I'm sorry if you don't mind I won't ask who is the from [laughter] he thought that there is a safer that is called andik asks answers I I remember that it was so live it was so it was but I still remember So mam your connection to also helped you understand the importance of the sikas and to be involved in it. Rabiel gave us shurim from the day we came to 7 from the year we came to 770 unofficial he started to teach us every Thursday night in 7:49 in the kitchen and later in ocean parkway to lamemed he gave us morning and evening he used to come mi we learned some by him and he put it into our brain he was so devoted and later it was we have a very special relationship ship with him. And to be honest, I was very very much influenced by my other uncle who was a man to the he was he had the he >> he used the he and havski were making the lotion. How do you say it? signal the trip >> the styling of the language >> styling and the language improved. He was many many hours and uh he definitely made a mark in me as well as far as the warmth and the desire see the reb to I had a very good group of >> Were you around? Were you there like when his wife passed away that uh >> in the house then >> you you were living there? I I came I was in Ocean Parkway that year but Tish I was in their house. I was living in their house literally. It was a a very interesting period. I was a very hard period. I remember the jumped up and started to dance when he started. >> Do you you want to say it a little bit? >> Okay. I mean unfortunately my aunt my my my father's brother's wife she was 37 years old and she had group of young children and she encountered Maka and within months she was gone sukus the was so they didn't sit And it came my uncle used to go to so he took the kids with him and uh then came to the Fbrangian he was the one who started nigun. So at one point he started famous jump up kicked the chair back and started to dance. It was definitely connected. It was very clear. It was a sin to see the reb I've never seen the reb should kick his chair. He jumped up. So, so that I'm saying the whole whole there pushed them lived with looked looked after after pushed them later on to look for pushed the was >> and you're saying he had a a big influence on you. I mean there's a lot of the we have a lot of the the printed things that he wrote right before the nas when he was when he was there. So he >> I I was I I can't escape to say that he definitely gave me a tremendous kite dedication to the not to do a thing without the rebite that was obviously I don't have to say but from both sides I owe them both a tremendous amount of tape and then definitely helped the tremendous group. I want to keep as I said to um before my parents were in a so proposed a certain name. I gave it to my sister was married already and my uncles they looked into it and the report came that it's it could be suitable and it was the first time I wrote to the reb about the shid and I wrote that this one and this one was mats this and this shidak and they looked into it and it seems reason it seems reasonable and I asked the A should I be interested in shim and if yes is this shid suitable and I don't know what came to me but I ended up writing that since my whole life I'm hoping to go on and the father of the meduber is in business. I wrote the words that that will distract the Reb responded yes. >> Wow. >> See >> that's it. I never saw her. I never That was it. So your to see the directing you >> I think that that's was actually when my current the next that came serious was my wife my was also in business business and so but I know I have to ask >> right the same question the reb crossed it out And then I had another Shiland Rebel Hamik. I had Bashem full deck of direction. Yeah. That Mamesh was interested in every single way of development, >> right, >> of of molding me as a person. Um you have the sameash by by your wife and >> I wrote the same words after I I know already what I have to do. Right. >> Right. >> Reb answered me clear expect such words. Right. So but the rebrossed it out. >> So I thought that that was um very interesting. And then I had a I read this with the which also I can that not >> one year I became a lameal right after that's neg at the time because summer giml the rebba made a sudden visit to the Koda that was extremely unhappy. I'm not going to the details. I was still in yeshiva. But Rabbi then I remember >> was unhappy with what he saw in the ca. >> Yeah. There was a first uh expression the Reb wants to close the K and I remember the Reb used the word you didn't learn what are you doing something along those lines. So in my mind I was thinking I wasn't the biggest masid in yes we have to go to kill the reb is not happy I'll go right away now the fact that we're going in was there was no question before I saw that was a commitment that we're going in was no shab about it. But she wanted us to go for a year to kale. We're going on before the so we have to write to ask what to do after the so became how do you write because I wanted to write. We're asking the rebi what to do where to go to but she wanted to write that she wants me to go to kale per year clear said again was not a so we decided to write each one the way we wrote one settle but uh we wrote that after the so the color won't I should go to Kale for one year. We're asking the Reb what to do. That's what we wrote. I didn't want to write that. I want I don't want. The Reb took the talle looked at it and started to smile. And he said, "You're right that she wants you should go to Kaou learn. You need to be the one to learn." The Reb stopped. He's waiting for an answer. To be honest, I I didn't know where to bury myself. What should I say to the Reb? Anyway, I I uttered if the holds I'm ready to go. So the Reb says or I don't remember if you mine or he stops and he's waiting again. So I have to answer. So I said sobb said like this. If it is with a joyous glad heart then it's a right thing for one year but that was that was it about that but the wanted to hear clear it's not even after I said there was a That that was also a clear direction. I was in Ko for one year at Borch. I'm a very good year in Kao and I to the date I went out. I got married Biss. I went in the year I went out. Okay. A year later, >> a year later I was there exactly a year. So again, Bel Shamto from Detroit came to me with a proposal that for the summer I come for two months to be the camp rabbi. I don't have yet. I didn't want to hear anything during the year. The Reb told me to learn. That's it. Among is brought to you by We live in a chaotic world. A world where for us is a we do not have the ability to hear and see the on a daily basis. Yet we know that the is very much with us and is alive and thriving more than ever before. 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Barakashem, it takes a lot of resources and finances to make this all happen. You can be part of the through your financial support as well through visiting our website.org or through contacting us to setting up a meeting. Thank you very much. Enjoy the rest of the podcast. So I didn't have anything yet names all kinds of but so I asked the Reb and the Reb answered me immediately came out settle should be something permanent not not temporary >> if you're doing it should be >> it was not a sh it was definitely permanent don't don't take don't take part time don't take >> oh saw was the >> wait instead of starting looking now you look after summer >> and the reb so so then I put in there was a few and the reb circled Toronto so so that that hashem in in two weeks we're celebrating 50 years schlik is in Toronto. >> So the way the way it worked was uh you were hat that that was the >> Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. That that was normal. >> Various places that proposed and the directed us. >> So before we go to I just want to step one step back. Um were there any um is there anything from or things on your that that you want to share? I can say one thing that stands out otherwise I don't think I had anything those years somehow again in a personal that I I I looked at it very very personal was in one of the I wrote about my learning and suddenly the Reb is asking me where is dying in nigla asked me who do you learn with so I said that was my after we learned a piece of gim or tasteless we should res repeat it by heart what we learned so that was I mean I felt that the reb had a personal it's it wasn't just another thing it was a personal touch that gave me I had to learn that >> had to learn yeah >> yeah that that was something I I thought The Reb touched upon everything. The Reb gave us clear hoes in everything we did. At least I can talk for myself. I I was that before we went to Toronto. >> What happened? >> So, first of all, we didn't have children yet. The Rebi gave us mazle that when you change a place changing in your maze. >> You wrote to the Reb about about children. >> Yes. Yes. So you were at that time uh already a year and a half and nothing over a year and a half and nothing happened. So, so we wrote it wasn't a disaster, but uh Rebi gave us a rebi gave my wife 10 single dollars to give out to anyone that she will be mashia to start to light chav candles and a book of matches for the rebim. So that that was we had gave us a lot of brokers then >> had that ready before. >> Yeah. from the drawer. During the the I also had private moments, so to speak. Not that was my last by the before we began and we couldn't go any but [snorts] I had a few private moments that were very very strong so to speak besides settl that we had constantly answers. I I want to I want to maybe repeat a few episodes, not just one day I I was standing in line by dollars and before me stood a younger man from Karan Heights. I'm not going to mention his name with his son. The son was younger than me. So he was uh either older teenager or something like that in the >> I mean older than you. >> The the son was younger than me a little bit. >> The sun by dollars. We're going by dollars >> to later years. Yeah. >> Yeah. >> Okay. >> The sun went off a little bit. It was a bit longer here, bit whatever. And apparently he was not by the reb for a while. And as the father came with the son to the reb I was standing behind son introduced this is my son so and so. The reb said I wish that he would think about me as much as I think about him. So this is a very powerful message from the Reba. The Reb cared every single child. This I I felt it had to be shared. Um one of my famous moments with the Reb, you know what? Let me retract first and just mention I think since I'm I'm already telling special moments uh with Rebbitson Rabbit Hayushka I had two times that I had a small interaction with her one time was by the sedar and I'll explain what it was. It's known that the Rebe till for as long as his mother-in-law was alive, he was inviting the Rebe and the Rebbitson to the sedar and the Rebed the sedar and that to the sedar anybody who wanted was able to come in. So the brim whoever came there was a group of special unique individuals that were invited to the seda and they were sitting and we stood around the table. The rabbitson had their own room in the dinette. That's where they had the seda. I didn't have a family in New York. So the seder took 20 minutes or half hour. >> You ate in the yeshiva. >> Yeshiva. So we the first night the rebi used to come to visit before the reb went to the yeshiva. So when the rebi came we already all the the kyra the plate was prepared by us. full cup of wine. The Reb went around and gave up. Sometimes the Reb I remember that year the Reb they prepared the small little glass plates very small where the meaning in order shouldn't shouldn't wet the mat. >> So the Reb looked at it. It says again I don't remember the lash but the Reb says there has to be only six things on the matas in other words that this is a double so the rebu doesn't want didn't like it and then the reb gave but as soon as the reb left we made kesh and made for a second and in old time we came upstairs. The Reb was not there yet. The Reb gave out says the Reb was not there yet. That was Borim and Borim first. There was a large group who came from and somehow more Bim stayed. The pushing was unbelievable. It's a very interesting seder. Remember I I used to drive behind the rebu with his handler. came and he started to make with his hands and the alum after doubt cases the table started to move chair broke and one of the guest fell down and it was was not a pretty sight that I remember who stood behind the freedic reb's chair the reb was not sitting there at the table. There was a set chair with everything in front of the head at the table and the rashag the reb's brother-in-law sat on the right side the rebound. So this particular ber stood behind the chair and that year was extremely extremely pushing and so by you know subconsciously the ber put his hand on freed's chair. The reb gave him such a look actually saw him not long ago. He asked him if he remembers that look. He'll never forget in his life. The Reb is the Rebi is here. How dare you touch? That's a detail that I thought. There's a lot to talk about the seda, but others are I'm sure has it already. But >> I could do a whole podcast on the seder. >> The seder alone. Yeah. I was there six. I I want to say something specific. So um because there was a chaos and some of the guests came over to the alter rabbits to rabbit to and told her that uh that they will not come if the ban come in. So I don't know who called Dan Holler of Rab David Rasin and told him that they will not let in anybody till after and even then they'll let a little bit at a time. They came and announced in yeshiva in the seda that no one should rush. We're a small group of bim and we decided we're going. They won't let us in. They won't let us in. It's I believe there was 10 12 I don't think it was much more than that. We stood, you know, when you go upstairs, there's the landing, the upstairs landing before the door. >> Mhm. >> We stood there. The guests were in there already. We stood the What are you doing here? Not we're not bothering anybody. We stood in the hallway. Period. After a while, the door opens and the rebbit came out. Of course, we moved aside and she went down to the Reb's room, went into the Rebe, she was there for a few minutes. The Reb was not upstairs yet. >> And you didn't come in? >> No. Then she comes out. She goes up and she turns to us and says mar plots for the guest to do again. Make room for the guest to pass by. Which guest guest was in? It's for the Reb. A minute later, the Reb's door opened. The Reb started to come up. He stood aside. She opened the door and she held her hand the knob like as the Rebi came in she made with her head come in. So she let us in and she locked the door behind us. So this group had the privilege to be there for a whole sa second night of this >> rason let us in. So that's one of the encounters I had on a personal level with her. afterwards spoke all about it but that's not neah the second encounter I had with her also on a personal level is the used to come 770 whatever time it was 10 11 there was a seda that the boim used to go to the reb's house and the rabbits used to prepare a terras with hot water I believe in a paper bag to bring to go home, pick it up. The rabbit used to prepare it between the door and the the screen door. >> The front room >> front the front door between the outside door and and the second there's a thing. >> They call it a mud room. The mud room >> not in the room talking outside >> but there's not in the house >> outside >> front door is a and front door there was like a screen >> door. So between that it was on the floor. So I came out harik was my every time someone else went. So I came out a few times that I also went. It was a spring day but I I went to to get the as I was approaching the the house I see that the rabbitson is outside. Rabbitson was on the on the landing where the grass she picked up. flowers. I don't know. She was uh she was outside in the garden like in the front yard all the way in the front. I wouldn't, you know, I go I I do my wouldn't all of a sudden she saw me, she turned to me and she started to o she didn't prepare the the teras yet. She was talking with such a like I'm the prime minister with such a little kid. Yeah. They didn't want to go in at that time to go into the Reb's house. It was who went into Reb there. But who goes into Reb's house? But she insisted that I should go in. I went in and I was glued to the door to the outside door like I was it took two two minutes. She prepared it and she came back gave it to me and again apologized. So So that was my again a personal encounter I had with Rebbitson. So she cared. She took your time. She it doesn't matter who you are. So that that time I wanted to mention it was probably something uh interesting. >> Mhm. >> But uh I I started to say before I used to bring a lot of groups to the Reb from time to time. You you hear why? >> Okay. >> Used to bring groups all kinds of groups. It was >> shabas. Yeah. But there are for some later on for dollars sometimes depending not only for shabas. And to be honest uh my personal that I got from the reb was when I brought groups perhaps more than other times gave me very very strong is personal when I brought groups told me one time and but that particular shabas I brought quite 50 people about a full bus No, no mataf. We stayed in the crown palace hotel used to be the grace of palace and uh Friday I used to give to the rebim a list of the names mother's names of all the participants and the itinerary was shabasimov we the reason was shabasimov At that time didn't for every shabas only vain was shabas and was the lightest chabas in 770. The kids are in camp the counselors are in campus. So it was it's a easier time to come. So I gave in the settle an itinerary and uh the end of the forbang and the rebu those who brought gave in mashk should come up and announce what the mashk was about. That was so I came up actually with my colleague Mishalar. We were both there. The Reb took the battle and poured a little bit to both of us. And then the Reb said like this state I'm not sure if it was whatever it is that was words to us which means that the it's written that when you see a fig that is about to ripen you take a a bag and you cover it and you have to take it to asur the first fruits And when you come you're getting the blessing you should repeat or merit next year to do again. So that was uh first of all we see that the Reb called bringing people to the to the Reb. I said I had this is maj told me it was other people heard it too but Reb told it to me personally that you should bring people to Bikuri. So I took it literally and the next year I brought a group to the Reb the same shabas and I was that the Reb spoke a whole with the group that came from Toronto. It's interesting when the Reb was Mia the Reb crossed out the word Toronto and wrote Tess with I don't know why but this is in in the you'll see like with that's the Reb's correction [clears throat] that second year the Reb spoke a whole and what is interesting from that second year was the Rebe spoke Why are you bringing a group? They have over there and else good and fine and there's still the person gets tired and then you're moving and but the idea is to come to be together learning together and the Reb mentioned and to go to the together to go to the oil to the together. That was not on our itinerary. >> Mhm. >> Because at that time we didn't go to the oil. It wasn't but the Reb said we had to change the whole itinerary with the bus was a whole gishv. But from then on we started to make sure that we go to the oil together. That was I from the Reb. The Reb told us also the Reb said like this. The when the Reb gave the Mashkb said you should give out a little bit here and the rest you should have in Toronto Shabas. And the start is the he in Toronto Shabas the Reb says you should have the continuation of this in Toronto. First the Reb said the Reb like said but before that is Shabas says that they showing each and every Jew the third Bdos. So you should make the continuation in Toronto Shabas. So that was again that clear and and then the next year brought again The Reb spoke again did not mention Toronto the third year but the Reb spoke about the came the group that came and concluded the so the amed should start the niggan. So that was three years in a row >> right? Uh so hashem since then excluding the year of co the years two be two two years of co this is my shabas to bring a group >> shabas >> shabasim >> yeah I've uh I've been by the before [snorts] when >> that's why that's why it's this shabas that's that's became since I Me >> from me. It's over 40 years that >> a group >> that bring in a group >> and there was um you brought the group to dollars were there inim that happened then by >> there was all kinds of inanim I don't have it clear there was one guy some with with Romania with Yugoslavia I I don't remember it because I don't want to repeat it uh there's a famous video that uh I brought uh the group and one guy that was a guest from he asked me if he can join which I did not know who he was. So obviously he said you want to go to the Reb. So he came with us and by dollars he stopped the Reb and spoke to the Reb about giving back land and this is a famous 10-minute video that the Reb speaks to him. He was one of the heads of the Shalom Makshab. >> Oh yeah yeah that video. Yeah. So that's that's one of my >> So you didn't know he's going to do this? >> No, I did not. I stand I'm standing there right behind them, >> right? Yeah. Okay. >> Because that was one of the people that I I brought to the Reb not knowing who he was. >> Uhhuh. Right. He he came to say the opposite >> to to to try to debate to change. I mean whatever. But >> it's a very good I'm saying it's a very for us especially today as well. very interesting video. very a lot of interesting ver I I should also mention one year was before dollars not I think it was in the summer but I don't remember exactly when I brought a group not large and I think Zusha Zilstein from Montreal also brought a group for that chabis Sunday morning we all stood in the foyer. The Reb comes from the house say or something and again I I am not clear what took place but the Reb sent out to each and every one of us on a sticker. Right. >> Let me pull it out. So, >> you carry it in your wallet? >> I carry it in my wallet that it's not new already, but this is the obviously >> put a little closer. >> It was on a sticker >> on a roll and each one got one. >> It's not a That's not a regular thing. Qual >> that's why I'm I'm repeating things that were unique otherwise what's the point of >> so this I got also I told you that when when I brought groups I I had on a personal level such a I felt that the Reb wanted it wanted we should bring people to the Reb wanted the Reb wants and I believe that the to bring to the Rebim is is a mitzvah and although I I I heard it myself but uh let me ask you a question. Is there any other story you want to share because I want to ask you a different type of question. >> Go ahead. I'm saying I'm listening to everything that you're saying from your fathers and uh that you were around then hearing from the Reb importance of what you mentioned. So it seems that I mean I'm especially thinking about the letter that the Reb wrote to your mother about uh the tap of our what our job is in this generation. Yeah. >> So what like this was all happening live then and and you you you experience it happening and you know in in real time my question is that for today's youth in Golite and Bakim um I mean it's still the so what is the how do we impart or live with this uh knowing the importance of the job of our generation. I guess that's a a question. >> Yeah, I'm I'm going to try to answer. But there's another story which is I think a very powerful story that I want to share with you. So I can either share it before your question or after your question. >> Share the story. >> Yeah. Because this is something that uh is not as known. Not as known. It's not known unless a few people that heard it. Uh I was tish of B my father four years wasn't by the reb and he had the tremendous yearning to come to the reb was the second year where he established the new school in Hollon and my fatherl established and afterward he established the school int a tremendous activist and he wanted to come but is the beginning of the year. So somehow he is from he was not he said he didn't he said he can't go he listened to him. So my again without going into details my >> but they work they work for that's the setup >> they got yeah officially the insisted insisted not to go into but to go under independent not attached to any party but under clear under the government So because of my father decided he's leaving he arranged a substitute with Alah and he came to New York came to New York. So the way I remember it is called him and told him that if he would be he would be told to fly right back. But this he's not being told. But he's in Israel and all the answers he'll get there. You came without permission. >> He's in Israel. >> No. Yeah. >> You don't you don't exist here. >> Yeah. Of course. Nothing. You can imagine what kind of by by the way then to come to the reb was was a half a year salary. Can you imagine what he felt like? The majority of the crowd did not know about it. Just a few very intimate friends. So there was I mean I can say who it was by the name of Blejinski was it from former role a legend in his own name he went in on when he was he decided to tell the rebsburg is here and he's so heartbroken maybe the reb letter in on his own. He asked the Reb. The Reb responded and that's what I telling you the way it is. I'll say it in first. The Reb lifted himself from the chair. He says, "When you send a soldier in the front and he hears that the king comes in a nearby place and he will leave his post and go and see the king." The Reb said, "If so, I have no reason to sit here." In other words, you got to be a soldier that that listens to what he says. So obviously he left the way he came. Then he got letters from the my father had afterwards a lot a lot of the you did wrong. Be aware and that's it. You're a soldier. A soldier needs to listen. And I I think this is a very very strong lesson which I have in my life. Think about it many times. We're soldiers. We has to be that you have to know you have a boss and you can do what you feel even if spiritually you feel that this is uplifting you. You got to know if this is your post now. Can't go away from your post. So, so I learned a tremendous lesson from this story. So, I felt that I should share it. >> Okay. I think you answered my question. >> Okay. I don't remember what exactly your question was now, but uh >> Okay. The Yan has to know that uh we have a post. >> Absolutely. >> Yeah. Gives us a post. Yeah, we were assigned and bashem I I know that this is my in life. Everybody has to know that they have their in life and changing is is that's what the Reb wants us to do and that's what we need to do and that's what we continue to do again. >> Amen. >> Amen. Amen. Okay. Gansburg and uh you said it's 50 years, right? >> 50 years. Yeah. >> So uh should be for the next 50 years. >> Amen. >> After the mill is also let let him come already from then on we'll we'll work. >> We'll figure it out. Okay. And uh thank you very much >> for listening. hope that some benefit will come out of it. >> I I believe that a tremendous amount will. >> Okay. Thank you.