בשמחת בית השואבה - עם הג''א ר' דניאל גלאטשטיין שליט''א - בסוכה אשוואר

Okay. Welcome everyone. It's a long-standing uh tradition already I think over 10 years now. I think 10 years at least 10 years been coming to the suka of Yadidi of Yak of Klein for the samurba and uh we've named this already the sat people want to know you're speaking at the sat this is the yeah this is it this is it cuz what's satar you know all types of come together. So it's uh it's a highlight of the year for me to come to learn with and we're to tremendous in his bias in his also. I want to remember that when we started giving the shirum here on sukus I was even my za came to the to the I had at different times four generations who were participating in this uh very gathering so we should be able to come together for many many years in the next year in the sukas of >> okay this year we're going to speak out the connection between suk and a different yumpt. We're going to start with the garra points out that there's a a phrase that is used by the ofus that also appears by the of the says like this. It says the 15th here by sukus. It says the 15th by pes. So it's just like pes the first night you're obligated to eat matzah. From here on if you want to eat matzah you could. If you don't want to you don't have to. The first night you're obligated to eat in the suka. It doesn't matter. Doesn't matter. You want to eat you're not going to eat. In fact, according to many according to and this the first night even even if it's raining if it's pouring your to go out into the where do we learn this from we learns that from but after the first night if you don't want to eat don't eat in the if you if you want to eat then you have to eat in the so asks and how do I know by the first night So the first night of pes you have to eat matzah. We make and we extend it to okay comes in and raising with his superus his fantastic knowledge of poidus. He identifies nine parallels and similarities between the umptif of pes and the yumptif of sukus. Some of them are almost uh supernatural how he came up with these commonalities. The nine deo he calls it the nine similarities between the yumpt of pes and the of suk is number one like the gar and suka says that the first night you must eat matzah and so to the first night you must eat in the suka. Number two, he brings there's a sifra. The sifra wants to know why don't you eat matzah the first night of sukus. And the go and the sifra has a mut. You don't have to eat matzah the first night of sukus. Then the sifra says why don't you send the suka the first night of pes and the safra brings a mut. But the sra wanted had a to say you should eat matzah on sukus and you should send the suk on pes. So that's another similarity. Here's a third one on pes. It says Before you bring the pes you have to pull away from idolatry from from so that means part of pes is so too by the garra says in that when it's a for they said they protected from a des like a suka So you see that suka and pes are m from another similarity they grow from learns from the if you could get fat enough uh lamb all of could be pestle with one lamb nowadays is on one lamb, maybe it could feed one person. You know, you buy a lamb chop, they charge you uh, you know, they charge you verb for for a few pieces of lamb chops. There's nothing on it. But you had a nice a nice sheep. All of the pesa from one sheep. The same it says all of could sit in one suka. Another dra says in sukhe that the children would come to the base of mikdash with their lul and the adults would steal the lulv and from the and then they would eat the esrig. You have this this little kid. He comes as the first time he had a l of an esk. The next thing he knows the adult next to him is eating the esk. What does that sound like? It's namish af. The converse of the afi. Here the you know the adults are taking revenge. The kids stole the tata's afi. The the father still didn't buy him a present. Now by sukis the the tata steals the kids esre. So that's another parallel. Here's a sixth parallel. gets it. >> That's what they did. That's what they did. It was >> Yeah. According to Yeah. It had they would tie it together. It would be same thing the Yeah. You need according to some it's according to some it's only the obvious connection is both start another connection you're not what's what the saddic what's yeah is kasher is Okay. But you said earlier that is so has to be alive. It can't be. >> I think the Lush brings and therefore Yeah. So the same thing the says about matzah. Listen carefully. The garra says be careful with the matzah. Make sure it doesn't become. You know what the lion of the gumar is? Matzah keep the matzah alive. The garra's way of explaining that you the matzah shouldn't become it says keep the matzah alive. The same way the lul has to be alive because you got to keep the matzah alive. >> Meaning don't let it become the the the way the garra describes is like misa is like misa. Yeah. And and then here's a ninth similarity. Of course, the rake brings someone who sits in a suka is nishikin nishikin. Last night it was like 1:45. I was mostly asleep. I said for sure someone's walking in the suka. I was I was nervous. For sure someone walking in the suka. I didn't want to open up my eyes. I said no, I'm not going to open my eyes. I have taken then and then I couldn't take it. I opened my one my kids came down. They needed to get something from the suka. But nish and okay someone who sits in same thing with pes it's so identifies nine similarities between that's what he writes he brings from the all of the different things that if you do them nas I'm sure you've heard there are many things that it says he brings from anyone who sits in the then he brings and here's another example of a similarity between and so in total between the different writings of he identifies 10 similarities between the yumpt of sukus and the yumpt of pes. So the question that we'd like to explore is why do we have this gazerv where all these dam are going back and forth back and forth like open lines of communication between pes and sukus leave out of it you know they're both seven days they're both on the 15th of the month or you have to keep them both alive you're they protect you from they protect you from you steal them you tie tie them together. They're very open fluid lines of communication similarity between pes and suka. Let's try to get to the bottom of what exactly is the connection between sukus and pes. Okay. Now I'm I want to begin with a I was not I was not aware of this. I was not aware of this and it makes okay it's from the Mishna according to the primag what should you have when you send the okay so first of all mitzvah you have to have the formal kavana have to make the mitzvah of yeshiva but besides that everybody knows that's one of the three mitzvah that says the word lan do it so that so everybody knows when you s the suka you should think I'm sitting the suka Yeah. Even writes, take a look at number five. So says, by the way leaves out words here. >> Okay. leaves out the end of the end of the is what does it mean? Okay. So according to the when you send the that you're commemorating that >> why did the leave out the words why the take that out presumably because it's not important to remember exactly when Hashem gave us the is to remember the words is just giving you a reminder when that happened. But when you're thinking about why you're sitting in the suka, you're just remembering to commemorate the tora is just telling you by the way it happened when Hashem took us out of >> Oh, this not a part of the mitzvah. >> It's not a part of the mitzvah according to comes the and the says I never pay attention to that. I thought it's enough just to think that you're sitting in the but says the could have said no says and now one second we'll have to explain that but what now who's the mish quoting now so it comes out we have two mitzvah that are you two obviously there's no there's no which is more of and now according to fine so how's the reading the is oh I wasn't aware of this comes the and the bach says says, "I disagree with the bas." When the bas saw the tour, the tour focuses on the understood that what the tour means is you sit in the and the words is just uh is by the way when did it happen that Hashem gave you? It was says the the misread the I disagree with the way he read the P and therefore I disagree with the the B says I argue on the only mentions says the B have one simple question everybody knows the question why do we only commemorate an right it's the it's as old as the hills that question is the asked everyone everyone in their third cousin asked the question even 50 years ago in riven they that's they were talking about that question yeah everybody knows the why do we commemorate the the not the and not the end of the game everything goes in >> yeah after next So it includes everything but still you know why don't we have why don't we actually >> okay you could say >> so the says the mitzvah is you don't read the don't read the to remember that I gave you an by the way when did I give you an I gave it to you because if the if the if the mitz is to commemorate the then why don't we commemorate the the mitzvah is the y of sukus is commemorate the is says like so many mitzvah why would suk be any different now how are you going to remember that took us out of what's the way you're going to remember that hem took us out The way you're going to remember is by commemorating the >> Now, one second. One second. One second. says the says the it's a mistake to think that the words is just a description and the timing of the so then you'll your bo then there's a question how from sitting in the will you come to the objective of remember took us out of the answer is because the gave when he took us out of now says according to reba that it was sukus mamish taka by remembering that there were sukus you won't come to remember and according to t means remember and is just the timing but now that we're reading it according to rebel that the of the and the is just the way you're going to remember. So it comes out that the is the and is just the manner in which you're going to remember the mim. Okay, I bring this in for two reasons. Number one, according to the comes out that if a person has in mind that they're sitting in the suka just to remember that you won't be to the mitzvah. So you say how come nobody says that you ever hear that somebody called Misha the Mishra says it but I never realized the Mishu said that. I I always thought now it comes out it seems that the and the in other words if you read the the omits entirely doesn't say a word the the doesn't say one word about because is going like the and the understands is just describing when the were so it comes out you don't have to remembers but the the holds the and is just the you can remember it and therefore the for this way of reading the so I to me it's a very big >> or the you're remembering the according to the you're remembering as a way of remembering the to The tears are mitzvah. >> The way you're the mitzvah is >> the mitzvah is remembering is sitting in the >> Okay. The the mitzvah the action of the mitzvah is sitting in the >> okay the >> the purpose of the mitzvah the purpose of the mitzvah is to remember how you're going to remember is everything. >> Okay. But if you just think Hashem gave us clouds >> in the No, it's not enough. >> It's what? Right. >> Yeah. It's a >> I think I think it's a now >> where two things. First of all, it's that it's it's very worthwhile that when you're sitting in the don't just uh don't suffice it just to think you should think specifically. So that's and it also helps us understand the because in that there's one mitzvah called and that's and then there's another sukus is not until until you see the and you realize is bringing out the you think the yumpt of sukus is no the yumpt of sukus is how do you come to So now you understand a little bit better the lines of communication between they're both the you do it a little bit differently. Now now the question is so why do you need two that are there >> why do you need two? So there's a safer actually it was written by a friend of mine. He brings from a safer that pes is a to the day of the to the day we went out and is to how Hashem took care of us when we went out. Okay. So it's focusing on a different of one is the yay and one is the period of time when we left. Okay. Now >> yeah the the period the era question >> or you could say or you could say pes is commemorating that hashem took us out. But you could take somebody out but now they're now they're in in big trouble. What are they going to do? How are they going to eat? How are they going to be protected? What are they going to drink? who they need. There was a but how are they in in the mat of the that's ofus just to give you a little bit of a flavor of the commonality between pes and sukus of pes we commemorate you take a kazayas of dogon and you eat it same thing the night of sukus you take a kaz of dog not passen like you point out before and you eat it the only difference is the night of pes you eat the kazayas of dogon and It's could be and I'm sorry it has to be matzah and sukus >> kaz >> and the first night of the first night of sukus also kazayas dog but it could be >> but we need a bite >> the first night you could the first night you could eat a kaz first night your two two things with the first night all you have to eat is kaz but we learn from So why is it that pes it has to be matzah and sukus it could be so the says like this says when we left mitzim we left all the forces of tumah and now we need to enter in the different levels of kadusha kadusha is das we need to enter the realm of das how do you enter das we know a child when he starts eating dun he develops das he doesn't know who his father and mother is until he starts eating dun. Dunan engenders das. But the problem is das also gives you the says gives you a feeling and you might develop a feeling for a wrong thing. It might engender tya. So the night of pes as we're leaving you have to eat dafka matzah. Matzah has no additives. It has nothing that's going to embellish the dog which gives you das. But the night of sukus in a way it's the same thing cuz we're also leaving mitim and we're also the night of sukus we're we're leaving theel and there's also a danger he says that the night of sukus were protected by the suka. So the suka is protecting us from the mazikim and the shadim and so on and so forth. So therefore we're more comfortable if that kazun is not mata even if it's okay what exactly is this okay we've we've established thatus is not just it's remembering that so there's a my friend um what's your name first of all Benjamini he's going to tell his Yeah, we're going to learn aid. Now, I learned with his dad the every morning. Okay. The is found in the opening of you ready for this says this is we know on the day that uh was cooking the stew. Yeah. And as said, who passed away on that day? And it says right after it says, it says right before that. So how old was Jacob when he was when he was stirring that stew? Some say the says, well maybe not. It says, but we don't know if that was the same day he was making the stew. The says it was two years later. Yakov was 15. Yakov was 15 when Abraino passed away. Oh says that means that Yakov spent 15 years with Abraino. That means there were 15 years in world history that together in one world was Abraham and Yakov. That's the great revelation. Now in those 15 years, what do they do together? They learn Torah together. How much time? 15 hours a day. 15 hours a day. Abraham and that's why the gumar it says in what age do you start learning gamarra the gum counts you know there's seven heavens right there's seven heavens what are the seven heavens you have what's the seventh heaven counts 15 things going on in the seventh heaven by the way The vil identifies the seven heavens are the seven barriers between us and barrier number one is we don't want to grow that's the says the first barrier barrier number two is materialism the identifies the seven barriers and says the when we're when we say voy these get us over the seven barriers. It's found in the hagra in the beginning of so thereif the says there are 15 things going on in the in the seventh heaven the rem is there 15 there 15 steps from the azor till 15 steps from the Azor to the Ezra is yeah there praises in there are 15 words in there 15 words inim there are 15 expressions of on the 15th of Nissan Hashem took us out of where does this come from they found this on a parchment from the tamidim Okay. But it's all based on the idea. Why did take us out of the 15th of Nissan? Because there were 15 years in world history that Abraham and Jacob were together. >> Learning. >> They're learning together. How many hours a day? 15 hours a day. Now, what were they doing the other nine hours? He doesn't say. That's probably interesting. What were they doing the other nine hours a day? >> Yeah. So the says the first thing the first thing the jumps on is what were the doing the other nine hours a day? >> Yeah. So the says they're 24 hours a day that gives you 9 hours to sleep to eat and to take care what you need. That's what says and 15 hours for to the remedies is okay fine says now I could explain why because we learn out so many different things to tv why the the tour brings from his Brother, the of Pes is Abraham. The of Shivus is the ofus is a and kazal say has many dras on this on the pac. Jacob redeemed a was only saved from Jacob Au. Ah, so Yakov bailed out A. So Aram really loves Yakov A. A loves Yakov because Yakov bailed him out. And the Ara saw Yakov how many years? 15 years. So Abraham is Pesak and Yakov is Sukus. Pes is Abraham. Yakov is Sukus. And Abraham loved Yakov Au because he was to learn together with him for 15 years. and Yakov saved his life. So because of Arainu's great love for Jacob Ainu and vice versa Jacob saved him there's a lot of back and forth between Pesak and Sukus the two and are always there's open lines between Pesak and Sukus therefore to show the deep connection between Abrau and Yakov au because of the 15 years that they were learning Tyra together for 15 hours a day in fact says the whole world stands stands on the 15 years that learned with Jacob. Well, and we're going to have to explain that. Why does the world stand on those 15 years? The of the you know there's a there's a called the makyan that certain things could be transacted in the presence of three people. In other words, if we make a handshake, it could be a good kenyan. I don't Okay, you just gave me the candlesticks, you But I give it back to you. Okay. So the was of the whole world through the learning of then the says something when Hashem appears to he says Abraham. Why? When Hashem refers to Abra, he says Abraham is your father. And when he refers to not your father says from the Rabim that Abraham loved Yakov so much, Abraham had such a for he always called him Beni Beni Beni Beni Beni. Even though it doesn't say that one time in the whole, we don't know exactly where got this from. Raen says Abraham loved Yakob so much he called him Beni Beni Beni. But how many times in the does call Jacob Beni? Not even once. You know who is constantly calling Beni? Asov. So therefore says the Abraham is Yakov's father. Because Abraham tells Yakov, I love you. You're my son. Yitzk is not Yakov's father. So again this all establishes tremendous attachment and between Abraham and Yakov and therefore between Pes and the two are like linked together they love each other 155 that's what is actually throughout points out that when the garra talks about threeim uh three generations that learned with each other calls it says don't think that just because you have three generations of you could apply saysis it's only it's only if they see each other if they don't see each other we can't apply the rule of the you You know what it means? That if three generations see each other, it will never leave them forever. Now is not talking about here. He's talking about three. The is taking this and he's applying it to that there were 15 years that Abra and Yakov have learned to together. So if you want to know why do we still have Tyra in America today in the year tshin pay >> Z >> 26 >> 57 >> 87 you know why we still have Torah today it's because of 15 years that have learned together because they learned Torah together says there are many uh many families you had a grandfather you had a father you had a It's that's why the is focused on the fact and saw each other. They spent time together. They were they were together. They were learning 15 hours a day. Now just I want to point out something amazing. The inbar he was okay saying that for 9 hours a day they were taking care of other things. You know that the wrote a parish on the it's called in his parish he first brings 24 times in Abraov appear in one p in order why because spent 24 hours a day in Shamayim they didn't even have time in their dreams to divert their mind from even when they were dreaming they didn't have time actually in in the biography in Kyvski there's a story that during there's a story that he woke up in the nine days and he was able to to eat or drink wine and eat bas and they said when he said in his dream >> but I asked I asked I asked Rabal Kvski I asked his son he said it's above my I asked him I heard it from his mouth >> but that one but a different time maybe it anyway I'm just saying they even they say it about but the brings down >> they say but you think a day >> that's what you dream about right that's that's what you're anyway it happens to me I had a yeshiva >> maybe he dreamt eating state maybe it wasn't >> I I had a kabus and yeshiva I came back at night he was talking he sing the rajan asleep. Anyway, >> this is the only mitzvah. >> Yeah. >> That you do with your whole body. How do you compare that to >> pes? May we come up with >> uh now you bring your >> Yeah, we we'll have to figure out you know the suka you go into the suka and the the matzah goes into you. So >> but that's a combo >> the the so the says very interesting even though in the learned 15 hours a day and the rest of the time are for their but now that I see what it says in the that they didn't even have time for their own needs even the retracted what he wrote in the mid and he said even during those nine hours 15 hours a day they were Ding and learning. And the other nine hours were in other words retracted. At first he he gave the 15 hours a day of learning and then he says based on what I see no you can't say that you have to assume the even they were anyway so I want to just um focus on this amazing presentation of the because saying that of is based on the fact that pes is abrau and sukus is yakov of a because of the great connection. So you have this open lines of communication between these two because of the 15 years that they spend together 15 hours a day. All these are learned out from each other. But it comes out it's all created from the fact that you get three generations learning together. You think it's a coincidence by the mitzvah of what does the Tory say? by the emphasis is on says I want to make sure that you say this to your children and your grandchildren. The focus is on the three generations. And then when it comes to also why because all the pes and sukus they're learned out from each other through the tes of the three generations that were able to learn together. by the way. >> Oh my god. This is a Are you on a speech? You walk out. >> Okay. So, by the way, the brings that on in the first how many words? Three words. How many? 15 o. The three words the three the 15 wordsed the 15 years that they saw each other and learned together and in this of those 15 years by the way it's interesting because it comes out that right after a passed away that means Jacob Aino had finished learning with Abram 15 years right after that what does he get The next moment, the moment that Arabina passes away, Yakavino, you know, he gets the which comes with the bra, he immediately gets the the moment A passes. So he cashes in cashes in right away to buy the to get the from. So let's so first one on the is the focus on both pes and sukus of the three generations where did the take place where did the take place the garra says in look at number 24 they would dance with torches of had harps and symbols. You couldn't count how many instruments. Where were they? They're on the 15 steps. What did the say? Why are there 15 steps in? Why were there 15 steps? Why are there 15? Because of the 15 years that Abra and Yakov were learning together which that means there comes out the whole celebration of the took place in the that was established because of the 15 years that Abra and Yak have learned together. So it comes out very beautiful that the the whole the whole took place in the that was because of the 15 years that have learned together. And what's the climax of sukusa is the last day of sukus. What's the rabba? It's connected which the level of shamim of ara. What's the what's the significance of says is there 15 things in the arava? Why are there 15 things in the because the whole world stands on the 15 years that have learned together. So it comes out that the whole yumptiff of sukus is a celebration of the eternity of kalisra and the eternity of the tora and the eternity of the miso and that we have all the bra where does it all come from Abraham and yak who spent 15 years learning together they saw each other it wasn't just hearsay you had the the za the tata the zen all together learning that's pretty good right >> very Yeah. >> Why? >> Why did it come so late? >> Yeah. So the 15 years is the source of all the of the ofus. Okay. So this is in the that's Hashem created the world. Actually it occurred to me that the same way sukus is used on the 15. It was on the 15 steps in the Ezra nashim. It's the the final day is the rava which was the the by the way what are the 15 things in if you look over here in number 27 the kaga says what's in arava is sadcim gala nishadim And then the ended. So I got nervous because the says there are 15 things. And the brings rias to all those 10 things. And then the continues 11. Those are the 15 things in. So the climax of sukus is the celebration of the realm that has all the theim culminating with the >> we finish with isa that we take is connected the okay so this is the and we try to be of it a little bit let's take it a little bit further. Because according to the the depth of tesv it's based on the connection between abrau which is pes and au which is sukus and because of that great aa you know the lines of communication are very wide open but there's an interesting question because it's not so pett that pesak that sukus is yakavino who says sukus is yakavino the tour the Torah famously writes and I always say sim the calls it simmon zas simas. Yeah. In simmon zas theorites he heard from his brother the suk. But if you look in the zy, the zy says sukus abraham sukus is connected abra say the whole time >> the sukus is connected that's the tour the zy says sukus is connected abra by the way also writes au came along and he was the and that we have sukus Then came along and he was the om of carbon of and therefore we have carbon. And then Jacob came along the om of but the bod says sukus is connected is connected. >> Yeah. So the ra motion in a safer as a steer it's a ste between the zar and >> it's a a steer between the zy and the tour. But interestingly the shem is asks almost an identical question not legab the yumpt of sukus but legab the mitzvah of suka. In whose do we have the mitzvah of suka? And who's close? We have the mitzvah of so if you look in gracious rabbi said hashem said I swear I'll pay you back I'll give you I'll give you the mitzvah of also the garra says that because we were so the medish and the garra is that an in the midst is but the go the zy says so we have a big question here why do we have the sukus the Torah says it's can I get a on the other hand the zy and the bay says it's it's au also there's a ste the mitzvah of suka is it can I get yakov or Can I get so let's just think for a moment is the is it just between that's pes and au that's sukus sukus is also a so it's not just au really loved yakino so now we have open lines of communication they're both connected aino they're both pes and sukus are connected Now you have to answer there there's a stero is it can I get or is it can I get the says that it's says that there were many anan there were seven there were six that provided physical protection and one of the was the so the was the physical protection and the merit of the was was So there are different elements of sukus but even sukus itself it's not purely au it's a combination of abraham. So that also explains why there's a lot of commonality between pes and sukus because sukus is not only ked yakov it's also abra okay one one more idea >> what's the difference >> to understand to understand what what mida of were we to what element of sukus it it deepens your appreciation for for the yam I want to share with you uh one further idea. The safer of Rab Albo famously argues on the Rambam. The Rambam says there 13 principles of faith that the Torah you could boil it down to 13 principles of faith. Now is not the time. Theam famously says there's no such thing as yoga. It has no standing. There's no difference between and let's say somebody says I don't want to wear there's no there says there's no between anar and a mitzvah also says the ra just wrote certain basic ideas for beginners but not that it has actual that one is more important than the other and brisker famously takes it at face value that there's something there there's there's significance of something being Okay. But the the safer disagreed with the Rambam and the said there are three am upon which everything stands Hashem's reality and the sikim says that if you focus on these three ideas and you believe them with full conviction you'll have every Yeshua in the world. That's why on the enacted the three main issued is if you focus on this on the you'll have all the you'll have all the I thought the says this he doesn't the moral says this the moral says that what the safer did with the three karuna and with gave us three three pes is to inculcate that there's who created the world and all existence is only him there's nothing beside him that Hashem takes care of us and say that's why they're called three golem cuz the whole toyra stands on them. The whole tora stands. By the way, it's very nice if you you know you could tell the you know sometimes very hard to prepare for yam. It's a lot of preparing working say you know it's not easy holding up the whole world. It's not easy holding up the whole toyra. The regim hold up the whole the they're called they're they're the pes upholds upholds and sukus upholds hashka the rush famously writes that the two principles of mits hashem and hashkahus are one you can't have one without the other the Rash writes in that someone who believes in Hashem and doesn't believe in does not believe in Hashem. There is no concept of the rebum without is part of you can't believe in is but it's not identical with but they go hand in hand. The lion of the rush is if you don't believe in if you don't believe in say it's you don't believe in so it comes out then that if you can't have you if you can't have without then the of pes and sukus are not really distinctive they both go together they both need each other they're both hand in hand they're both arm arm in- arm they're both the which is also gives us further understanding of the of the shared connection between the of Pes and the of Sukus. But baker tonight we learned from the that is on the 15 years that Abraham and Yakov learned together and from there the whole world stands and sukus then is a celebration of the eternity of Israel and thera because of those special 15 years that says because they're they'll never it will never be cut from Khalis. This is the eternal connection between the of Pes and the ofusm. We should be to all the and we should be that we should be the again I thank Rabian Klein for hosting uh tonight's debate tora your house should for us so much for Jesus. Uh-huh.